technology, globalization and social development
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Technology, Globalization and Social Development. GE 301 Science, Technology and Society Ahmet S Ucer. Program of this year. Technology, Globalization and Social Development (7 October 2008) Knowledge Society and Human Wellbeing ( 21 October 2008) - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 1
Technology, Globalization and Social Development
GE 301 Science, Technology and
Society
Ahmet S Ucer
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 2
Program of this year
• Technology, Globalization and Social Development (7 October 2008)
• Knowledge Society and Human Wellbeing (21 October 2008)
• Converging Technologies and Society (4 November 2008)
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 3
Contents• History
• New world order!
• Socio-economic system
• Globalization
• Innovation and creative destruction
• Globalization and Ethics
• Social development and globalization
• Conclusions
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 4
History
• Hunting – Gathering to Agricultural Revolution (religion) ~9000 years ago
• First ethical values and religious believes converge as city states start to form
GOOD ?
RIGHT ?
FAIR ?
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 5
History
• The Renaissance (rebirth); 14th century - 17th century.
• intellectual consequence of renaissance reformist movements Marten Luther (1517),
• Protestant reformation,
• Secular thinking
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 6
History
• Scientific Revolution, 1542, Copernicus
• Eventually resulted in Enlightenment. (French: Siècle des Lumières) Age of reason. Enlightenment Philosophy was put forward in the 18 century
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 7
History
• The first indications of industrial revolution came with the French revolution in 1789, class distinction
• Why in Europe?
• Why started in Britain?
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 8
History
• strengthen international ties
• Free movement of capital
• Multinational corporations set up several bases around the world.
• Information revolution (globalization)
• 100 years ago was not too different than today!
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 9
The two mechanisms
• Soviet union collapsed in 1991 (end of cold war)
• Unprecedented leap of information and communication technologies
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 10
New world order!
• Struggle between ideologies is largely at an end (Francis Fukuyama,1989, End of History)
• New struggle is between cultures (Samuel Huntington, 1993, Clash of Civilizations)
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 11
The socio-economic system
• Traditional – deriving engine:
• competition for profit
• competition for Individual satisfaction
• New– Tooled by ICT
• New productivity sources
• Organizational forms
• GLOBAL economy
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 12
Globalization
• Multi-dimensional – Political
– Economical
– Cultural
• Non-linear
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 13
A Strategic tool (ICT)• The entire planet is organized around
communication networks
• Present day globalization builds on falling communication costs
• Previously it was depending on falling transportation costs
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 14
Innovation
the process of making improvements by introducing something new
• Human resources
• System
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 15
Creative destruction(J Schumpeter)
• 1942 Capitalism, Socialism and Democracy
• The urge of innovation destroys existing enterprises yielding new ones
• What about entrepreneurs?
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 16
The new society and productive source
• Information (knowledge) society - information and knowledge
• Industrial society - energy and raw material
• Agricultural society - Farming land
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 17
Globalization and Ethics
• Adam Smith’s “invisible hand” was relying on honesty, thrust and respect.
• Deregulation and neo-liberalism led to short term vision and a lack of ethical standards
• Personal to national to global ethics– Global warming
– inviolability of national sovereignty
– WTO and trade
– Foreign Aid
David Singer
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 18
Technology and Globalization Substitution and Dematerialization
• Examples of Substitution and dematerialization– Copper
– Oil
– Cane and sugar beat
R K Schaeffer, Globalization and Technology, Phi Kappa Phi Forum http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa4026/is_200310/ai_n9316427
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 19
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 20
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 21
Per capita GDP correct measure?
Joseph Stiglitz
• GDP Inc. but standards of living Dec. due to degraded environment
• Cannot sustain development by borrowing
• GDP measures what is produced in the country. Not the income of citizens
Making Globalization Work Joseph E. Stiglitz , 2006
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 22
Social Development and Globalization
Consumption and Production
• Relationship of consumption– Inequality
– Polarization
– Poverty
– Misery
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 23
Social Development and Globalization
• Relationships of production (how people earn money)– Globalization of job market
– Individualization of labor
– Over-exploitation
– Social exclusion
– income generation in the criminal economy
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 24
Informational Capitalism and Social crises
• Flexibility and global reach
• Education quality
• Elimination of traditional agriculture -rural exodus
• Informal economic growth, welfare state come under attack
• The forth world
http://menntun.khi.is/sigurjon/IT%20Global%20CASTELLS.pdf
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 25
Conclusion(redefining social development)
• ICT should empower humankind to enhance production
• Educated labor force is the main source of productivity
• Educated labor need multidimensional improvement in quality of life.
• Welfare states, with less bureaucracy will be the source of productivity
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 26
Social development
http://menntun.khi.is/sigurjon/IT%20Global%20CASTELLS.pdf
cultural development
innovation
economic development
institutional stability and trust
Conclusion
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07/10/2008 GE 301 STS 27
Conclusion
THIS MODEL WILL REQUIRE:
• Massive technological upgrading of countries
• Dramatic investment in the education system
• Worldwide network of science and technology
NEEDS SCIENTIFIC THINKING , THE USE OF HUMAN INTELLECT and GLOBAL ETHICS