Technology Development in Chinese Language Teaching and

Learning

Lin Lin Lin ZhuXin Wang

Technology Development in Chinese Language Teaching and Learning

• Technology is use more and more in every aspect of our lives. It is especially evident for language educators, where technology is utilized to enhance the teaching. • We have evolved from using audio tape, to video tape, to CD, and now to

computer (email, chatroom, video conference). • The extensive use of computers and Internet also led to proliferation of

web resources and multimedia software for learning.

Technology Development in Chinese Language Teaching and Learning

• More and more teachers are becoming aware of the usefulness of computer and web resources in teaching.• They use special software to prepare teaching materials.• Using existing websites to supplement their teaching.• Create their own websites and online exercise.

CALL (Computer Asisted Language Learning)

• The rapid development of computer technology has revolutionized communication and impact on teaching languages. The concept of CALL was developed in the field of foreign language education. • Warschauer & Healey have proposed that CALL has undergone three

stages of development 1) Behaviouristic: using audio-lingual technology based on the

structural linguistic view on language. 2) Communicative: interactive communication based on a cognitive

approach to language acquisition.3) Integrative: authentic discourse and fluent use of language in

real situations.

CALL (Computer Asisted Language Learning)

• Bax has somewhat different approach to defining these stages • Restricted CALL: computer programs were mostly for mechanical

drills. Students have minimal interaction with other students while teachers displayed an “exaggerated fear and /or awe” toward using computer. • Open CALL: “linguistic skills development” where the students

might interact with computers and other students occasionally. • Integrated CALL: computer mediated communication and the

students’ interaction with others(students, teachers and native speakers). In this stage, the use of computer becomes normal part of teaching (normalized).

Is Technology Effective?

• Research has shown there is “no significant differences” in learning using technology. • However, from the perspective of convenience and productivity, using

technology greatly ease the job of teaching and learning. • Efficiency example: email communication, web streaming of class,and

etc.

Programs and Web Sites for Preparing Teaching Materials

• Converting between simplified and traditional characters Microsoft Word: by using “Language Translation” function in the “Tools” menu Chinese-tools: http://www.Chinese-tools.com/tools/converter-tradsimp.html ` Mandriantools: http://www.mandrintools.com/zhcode.html Adsotrans: http://www.adsotrans.com ` ChineseTA: http://www.svlanguage.com/

Programs and Web Sites for Preparing Teaching Materials

• Programs for typing and converting tone marks: Pinyinput: a small program that convert tone marks into number 1 to 4 after the pinyin (e.g.

pin1 yin1 shu1 ru4 ): http://www.chinese-tools.com/tools/pinyin-editor.html ` http://www.foolsworkshop.com/ptou/ ` http://www.geocities.com/shixilun/pinyintextfield.html

Programs and Web Sites for Preparing Teaching Materials

• Other useful tools to aid language learning include: Dimsum: a comprehensive program that allows user to 1) type in Chinese text

or retrieve a text from Internt, 2) type Pinyin with tones, 3) convert Chinese characters to pinyin or vice versa, 4) animated stroke-by-stroke writing of Chinese character. http://www.mandarintools.com/dimsum.html

NJSTAR & Clavis Sinica: online dictionaries (www.njstar.com & www.clavisinia.com)

Programs that segment and annotate Chinese text and provide pronunciation and meaning of words: • Popjisyo: http://www.popjisyo.com/WebHint/Portal_e.aspx• Rikai: http://www.rikai.com/perl/HomePage.pl?Language-Zh

Suggested Resources Available on the Internet

There are hundreds, if not thousands, of website designed to help students learn

Chinese.

Listening

• The listening materials available online over different

levels, serving beginners as well as advanced learners.

• Some websites are including home, travel, law.etc. The sites are offer

listening exercises and watching video clips. Somer of them are also allow

you to record and play back your speech.

• http://learningchineseonline.net （ This site is the most complete and the most

frequently updated website for guiding people to useful websites for learn Chinese).

• http://www.mychineseclass.com/ (the site obtains free membership and listen to the lessons online. However,

if you want to download the materials, you have to pay a fee.) This site offers a wide range of materials, from

beginning to advanced levels.

Reading

• There are many websites that can be used to help learners to read Chinese.

• They range from the most basic ones which only provide raw reading materials, to more sophisticated ones

that come with exercises and feedback.

http://readchinese.nflc.umd.edu (In this site, students can therefore start from the beginning level and than

gradually move up to higher levels. Each reading text comes with questions for the student to check

comprehension.

Speaking

• While it is relatively easy to find listening and reading materials online, it is very hard to find website that

can help students improve their speaking skills. This is primarily because the computer cannot easily check

students’ speaking performance and offer specific feedback.

http://www.clearchinese.com/videos/ ( this site offers online Chinese lessons with sound files where the

student can listen to the dialogues ).

Writing

• In today’s world, typing Chinese on the computer is a necessary skill that everyone who writes in

Chinese should possess.

http://xiaolaoshi.livejournal.com/friends (Writing blog to learn Chinese becomes more and more popular for

using in college. Also, students are enjoy writing on the blog, and because the blog s for the public to view,

students are more careful not to make any mistakes when they write.

Many universities and public schools using Blackboard which allows teachers and students can store and

deliver course materials.

Chinese Characters

• Learning how to write Chinese characters has been considered to be a big hurdle for many

Chinese language learners.

• Learning characters using animated characters. Characters must be written stroke by stroke according to a

particular sequence.

• Fortunately, technology has made it possible now to produce such a stroke sequence picture automatically.

• What is more amazing is that computer software can create the animation of characters and show the process

of writing a character stoke by stroke while also providing the pronunciation in Pinyin, and the meaning in

English.

http://www.yellowbridge.com/chinese/character-stroke-order.php?word=國

3 Computerized Testing Formals正式的电脑测试

Chinese Language tests on the web Assessment is an

integral part of a language program.

评估是组成语言程序的重要部分。

Tests are used to check the student’s progress and achievement.

测试用来检查学生的进步和成就。

Computerized Tests

1)# AP Chinese TestAP 中文考试2) Chinese Horizon: Placement test中文视野 - 分级考试3) AAPPL( The ACTFL Assessment of performance toward Proficiency in Languages). 语言能力的性能评定考试

1)# AP Chinese Test AP 中文考试

Many high school students take AP course and AP tests before they enter college.

The first AP Chinese exam administered in May 2007 was an IBT( internet Based Test) which is covers the four language skills of listening , reading, speaking and writing.

第一个 AP 的中文管理考试在 2007 年 5 月叫作IBT （互联网的基础考试）这个考试涵盖听的四种语言技巧，阅读，口语和写作。

2) Chinese Horizon: Placement testThis site offers a free placement test and is available to anyone. The test was designed by the company to evaluate students’ proficiency and place them in an appropriate level for online learning and it is not related to other standardized test, such as SAT, HSK,ect

中文视野 -

分级考试

该网站提供给任何人免费的分级考试。该试验的目的是通过该考试来评估学生的能力，并把學生放置在一个适当的水平 . 在线中文视野 - 分级考试，它与其他标准化考试沒有关联，如SAT ， HSK.

3. AAPPLThe ACTFL Assessment of performance toward Proficiency in Languages).

The American council on the teaching of Foreign Languages (ACTFL) has been developing a new generation of online test called AAPPL( The ACTFL Assessment of performance toward Proficiency in Languages).

美国议会的外语教学 ( 前身 ) 外语语言能力精通性的评定考试

3 AAPPL新一代的 AAPPL在线测试完全通过互联网交付，AAPPL 将纳入标准的外语学习（通信，文化，连接，比较，和社区），

在四种语言技能的基絀上通過三个通信模式進行评估（解释，人际和表象）

AAPPL is Delivered entirely via the Internet, AAPPL will incorporate the standards for Foreign Language learning

1.Communication, 2.Cultures, 3.Connections, 4Comparisons, 5 Communities

it will assess all four language skills across the three modes of communication

( interpretive, Interpersonal, and presentational).

3 AAPPL

The assessment result will be an ACTEL K-12 Performance Rating ( from Novice to Pre- Advanced )

Chinese is one of the six languages to be released during the first phase in the fall of 2011 ( the other five being Arabic, French, German, Russian, and Spanish).

评估结果将是一个 ACTEL 由 K-12 的性能等级（从新手到高级）在六大语言中 , 中文性能等级考试是在 2011 年秋季的第一个阶段被发布（其他五大语言是阿拉伯语，法语，德语，俄语和西班牙语）。

3 Prepare Your own computerized Tests

Creating quizzes, tests and exams is a routine job for a language teacher. 创建测验和考试是语言老师的例行工作

Some commercial test authoring software like Question mark and online quiz” makers” can help teachers. 一些商业“制造商” 编写测试软件帮助教师，如在线测验和在线问答

Many teachers use online test makers whichCall Quia

http:// www.quia.com/

Prepare Your own computerized Tests Instructors

can easily create :

1.activities, 2.quizzes, 3.games,

4.web pages, 5.surveys

The preformattedtemplates include

1.multiple choice questions,2. true or false questions, 3.short essay questions,4. fill in the blank exercises

5 others formats.

教师可以轻松创建活动，竞猜，游戏，网页，调查等

還有预先格式化的模板 , 里面包括选择题，正误判断题，短文题，填空练习和其他格式。

Create Your own computerized Tests Both voice and picture

files can be uses for questions.

Voice files can be used for listening comprehension exercises

pictures can be used for any other purposes,

the quiz/ test can be automatically or manually graded, the results can be saved.

Statistical analysis is also provided.

语音和图像文件可以在问题中使用。

语音文件可用于听力练习

图片可以用于任何其它目的

测验 / 考试可自动或手动分级，考试结果也會自動保存。

还提供了统计分析。

Concluding

computerized Tests should be viewed as a means to accomplish more convenient and effective teaching.

电脑测试应被视为实现更方便，更有效的教学手段。 some resources for teaching and

learning Chinese that we feel are helpful in conducting daily teaching activities. 我们觉得一些網上的在线资源 ,對老师开展日常教学活动有帮助的。

Concluding online teaching and

learning materials, like all other online data, change rapidly.

Chinese teachers must be aware of this fact and should continue to stay abreast of newly emerging technologies and resources for teaching Chinese.

网上教学和学习材料，像所有其他的在线数据 , 一直迅速改变。

中国教师必须意识到这一点，并应继续跟上新兴的技术和资源，进行中国教学

Computer TestAP test Chinese Horizon

https://apstudent.collegeboard.org/home http://www.chinesehorizon.com/

Computer TestAAPPL QuiA

http://aappl.actfl.org/www.quia.com