technical committee on pyrotechnics · enclosed is the agenda package for the august 25-27, 2015...

Technical Committee on Pyrotechnics

Date: August 3rd, 2015

To: Technical Committee on Pyrotechnics

From: Brian O’Connor and Nancy Pearce, NFPA Staff Liaison

Re: Agenda Package – NFPA PYR-AAA A2016/A2017 1st & 2nd Draft Meeting – August 25-27, 2015

Enclosed is the agenda package for the August 25-27, 2015 meeting for the NFPA 1122, 1123, & 1127 First Draft and the

NFPA 1124 & 1125 Second Draft. Please ensure that you have reviewed the public input and the other agenda items in

advance to prepare for discussion. The agenda and public input will be posted on the document information pages.

Some items to have available during the meeting include:

Agenda package with public input

A copy of NFPA 1122, 1123, 1124, 1125 & 1127 (visit the NFPA Document information pages for your

free committee copy)

Any previous copies of the technical committees standard

A laptop

Optional items that are sometimes useful include:

Review of NFPA’s Process, www.nfpa.org/regs

If you have any questions or comments, please feel free to reach me at (617) 984-7257 or by e-mail at BO’[email protected].

I look forward to our meeting!

TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ON Pyrotechnics AGENDA

First Draft Meeting for 1122, 1123, 1127 & Second Draft Meeting for 1124, 1125 August 25-27, 2015

Double Tree by Hilton Denver 8 AM -5 PM (or as determined by the Chair)

Note- Breakfast served every morning at 7:30AM. Lunch will be provided on Day One. Day One-8 AM

1. Welcome. Glenn Dean, Chair

2. Introductions and Update of Committee Roster. (Attached)

3. Approval of First Draft Meeting Minutes for NFPA 1124 and 1125 from October 28-29, 2014. (Attached)

4. Staff Updates. a. Committee membership update. b. Annual 2016 revision cycle schedule review c. Second Draft Process Presentation

5. Pyro Task Group Report and Actions a. Water-based Protection Systems Task Group – Arthur Barber

6. Review of Public Comments NFPA 1125. (Attached)

7. Formation of Tasks Groups (As needed)

8. Other/New Business NFPA 1124 & 1125

9. Schedule Next Meeting for NFPA 1124 & 1125

10. Close NFPA 1124 & 1125 Second Draft Meeting

11. Staff Updates a. Annual 2017 revision cycle review b. First Draft Process Presentation

12. Pyro Task Group Report and Actions a. Mortar Racks Task Group Report – Ed Kaminski b. Densely Packed Trailers Task Group Report – Christopher Wyman

13. Review of Public Inputs NFPA 1122. (Attached)



16. Formation of Task Groups (As needed)

17. Other Business NFPA 1122, 1123, & 1127

18. Schedule Next Meeting

19. Adjournment

Address List No PhonePyrotechnics PYR-AAA

Nancy Pearce07/17/2015

PYR-AAA

Glenn A. Dean

ChairVirginia Department of Fire ProgramsState Fire Marshal’s Office1005 Technology Park DriveGlen Allen, VA 23059-4500International Fire Marshals AssociationAlternate: Steven Sites

E 3/4/2009PYR-AAA

Kenneth L. Kosanke

SecretaryPyroLabs, Incorporated1775 Blair RoadWhitewater, CO 81527Alternate: Bonnie J. Kosanke

SE 1/1/1986

PYR-AAA

Gregory S. Altland

PrincipalCity of York Fire/Rescue Services43 South Duke StreetYork, PA 17401Alternate: Chad Deardorff

E 10/28/2008PYR-AAA

Arthur H. Barber, III

PrincipalUS Department of the Navy9306 Brian Run LaneSpringfield, VA 22153National Association of RocketryAlternate: Edward L. Cochran

U 7/1/1994

PYR-AAA

Richard Bowes

PrincipalNatural Resources CanadaCanadian Explosives Research Lab/CANMET1 Hannel DriveOttawa, ON K1A 1M1 CanadaResearchAlternate: Bert von Rosen

RT 1/1/1992PYR-AAA

W. G. Bulifant, III

PrincipalDominion Fireworks, Inc.PO Box 3015Petersburg, VA 23805-3015Alternate: Tad A. Trout

U 10/10/1998

PYR-AAA

Anthony J. Cesaroni

PrincipalCesaroni Technology Inc.Cesaroni Aerospace1144 Tallevast Road, Suite 108Sarasota, FL 34243Alternate: Jeroen Louwers

M 3/4/2009PYR-AAA

John A. Conkling

PrincipalPO Box 213Chestertown, MD 21620Alternate: Graham Walsh

SE 1/1/1981

PYR-AAA

Randall W. A. Davidson

PrincipalRisk International & Associates, Inc.8803 West Ontario AvenueLittleton, CO 80128Alternate: Lawrence T. Weinman

SE 4/1/1990PYR-AAA

Phil Grucci

PrincipalFireworks by Grucci, Inc.20 Pinehurst DriveBellport, NY 11713Alternate: Felix J. Grucci, Jr.

M 1/1/1991

PYR-AAA

Garry Hanson

PrincipalPrecocious Pyrotechnics, Inc.4420 278th Avenue, NWBelgrade, MN 56312-9616National Fireworks AssociationAlternate: Andrew T. Nicholls

M 4/1/1995PYR-AAA

Julie L. Heckman

PrincipalAmerican Pyrotechnics AssociationPO Box 30438Bethesda, MD 20824-0438American Pyrotechnics AssociationAlternate: Gregg S. Smith

M 1/1/1992

1



PYR-AAA

Lansden E. Hill, Jr.

PrincipalE. E. Hill & Son, Inc./Pyro Shows701 West CentralLaFollette, TN 37766Alternate: H. Stephen Frantz

U 1/1/1988PYR-AAA

Edward J. Kaminski

PrincipalClark County Fire Prevention Bureau4701 West Russell RoadLas Vegas, NV 89118-2231Alternate: Craig A. Meyers

E 3/2/2010

PYR-AAA

Stephen Lubliner

Principal4801 North Vista de Loma SegundaTucson, AZ 85749Alternate: Burl Finkelstein

SE 8/2/2010PYR-AAA

Mike O'Lena

PrincipalUS Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms & Explosives5944 Bryan ParkwayDallas, TX 75206-8114Alternate: Shawn C. Stevens

E 04/08/2015

PYR-AAA

David J. Pier

PrincipalMP Associates, Inc.6555 Jackson Valley RoadPO Box 546Ione, CA 95640Alternate: Jerald E. Farley

M 1/1/1989PYR-AAA

Rachel Robbins

PrincipalNatural Resources CanadaExplosive Regulatory Division580 Booth StreetOttawa, ON K1A 0E4 CanadaEnforcementAlternate: Marie Vachon

E 3/4/2009

PYR-AAA

Mary Roberts

PrincipalEstes IndustriesSubsidiary of Hobbico, Inc.1295 H StreetPenrose, CO 81240

M 1/1/1992PYR-AAA

John D. Rogers

PrincipalAmerican Fireworks Standards Laboratory7316 Wisconsin Avenue, Suite 214Bethesda, MD 20814Alternate: Gerard W. Wingard

RT 3/15/2007

PYR-AAA

Gary C. Rosenfield

PrincipalRCS Rocket Motor Components, Inc./Survival Laser, Inc.Industrial Solid Propulsion (ISP) Division2113 West 850 N StreetCedar City, UT 84721Alternate: Karl E. Baumann

M 1/1/1986PYR-AAA

James R. Souza

PrincipalPyro Spectaculars, Inc.3196 North Locust AvenuePO Box 2329Rialto, CA 92377Alternate: Gary E. Brown

U 1/1/1995

PYR-AAA

John R. Steinberg

PrincipalPyrotechnics Guild International, Inc.3944 Carthage RoadRandallstown, MD 21133Pyrotechnics Guild International, Inc.Alternate: Daryl Marmon

U 1/12/2000PYR-AAA

Charles P. Weeth

PrincipalWeeth & Associates, LLC122 South 17th StreetLa Crosse, WI 54601-4208Alternate: Joshua Lazarus

SE 1/1/1988

2



PYR-AAA

William A. Weimer

PrincipalB. J. Alan Company555 Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd.Youngstown, OH 44502-1102Alternate: Daniel P. Peart

M 10/23/2003PYR-AAA

Christopher J. Weir

PrincipalCity of Port OrangeDepartment of Fire & Rescue4545 Clyde Morris BoulevardPort Orange, FL 32129International Association of Fire ChiefsAlternate: Albert M. Comly, Jr.

E 3/1/2011

PYR-AAA

Darren Wright

PrincipalTripoli Rocketry Association123 West 7th StreetNew Castle, DE 19720Alternate: Derek D. Deville

U 3/4/2008PYR-AAA

Christopher T. Wyman

PrincipalNew Hampshire State Fire Marshal's Office27 Derry StreetMerrimack, NH 03054National Association of State Fire MarshalsAlternate: Paul G. Makuc

E 03/07/2013

PYR-AAA

Marge Yarbrough

PrincipalCalifornia State Fire MarshalPO Box 77245Corona, CA 92877

E 7/28/2006PYR-AAA

John H. Miller

Voting AlternateUS Coast GuardCommandant (CG-Eng-4)2100 2nd Street SW, Stop 7126Washington, DC 20593Voting Alt.

E 03/07/2013

PYR-AAA

Karl E. Baumann

AlternateRCS Rocket Motor Components, Inc.Aerotech/ISP Divisions213 West 850N StreetCedar City, UT 84721Principal: Gary C. Rosenfield

M 8/2/2010PYR-AAA

Gary E. Brown

AlternatePyro Spectaculars, Inc.3196 Locust AvenuePO Box 2329Rialto, CA 92377Principal: James R. Souza

U 1/18/2001

PYR-AAA

Edward L. Cochran

Alternate4235 Dupont Avenue SouthMinneapolis, MN 55409National Association of RocketryPrincipal: Arthur H. Barber, III

U 10/4/2007PYR-AAA

Albert M. Comly, Jr.

AlternateLower Gwynedd Township1130 North Bethlehem PikePO Box 625Spring House, PA 19477International Association of Fire ChiefsPrincipal: Christopher J. Weir

E 3/1/2011

PYR-AAA

Chad Deardorff

AlternateCity of York Fire/Rescue Services43 South Duke StreetYork, PA 17401Principal: Gregory S. Altland

E 03/05/2012PYR-AAA

Derek D. Deville

AlternateKMS Medical5500 Oak LaneCoral Gables, FL 33156Tripoli Rocketry Association, Inc.Principal: Darren Wright

U 3/21/2006

3



PYR-AAA

Jerald E. Farley

AlternateAmerican Promotional Events, Inc.16526 Shore Drive, NELake Forest Park, WA 98155-5631Principal: David J. Pier

M 3/21/2006PYR-AAA

Burl Finkelstein

AlternateKason Industries Inc.57 Almajack BoulevardNewnan, GA 30265Principal: Stephen Lubliner

SE 07/29/2013

PYR-AAA

H. Stephen Frantz

AlternatePyro Shows of Texas, Inc.6601 Nine Mile Azle RoadFort Worth, TX 76135Principal: Lansden E. Hill, Jr.

U 1/18/2001PYR-AAA

Felix J. Grucci, Jr.

AlternateFireworks by Grucci, Inc.20 Pinehurst DriveBellport, NY 11713Principal: Phil Grucci

M 1/1/1988

PYR-AAA

Bonnie J. Kosanke

AlternateJournal of Pyrotechnics, Inc.1775 Blair RoadWhitewater, CO 81527Principal: Kenneth L. Kosanke

SE 1/1/1988PYR-AAA

Joshua Lazarus

AlternateJ Lazarus Company1018 Bergen Bld.Fort Lee, NJ 07024Principal: Charles P. Weeth

SE 07/14/2004

PYR-AAA

Jeroen Louwers

AlternateCesaroni Technology Inc.PO Box 246Gormley, ON L0H 1G0 CanadaPrincipal: Anthony J. Cesaroni

M 8/2/2010PYR-AAA

Paul G. Makuc

AlternateConnecticut State PoliceFire & Explosion Investigation Unit269 Maxim RoadHartford, CT 06114National Association of State Fire MarshalsPrincipal: Christopher T. Wyman

E 10/23/2013

PYR-AAA

Daryl Marmon

AlternateWald-All American Fireworks4390 West 152nd CourtLeawood, KS 66224Pyrotechnics Guild International, Inc.Principal: John R. Steinberg

U 3/4/2009PYR-AAA

Craig A. Meyers

AlternateClark County Fire Department7312 Hospitality PlaceLas Vegas, NV 89131Principal: Edward J. Kaminski

E 3/2/2010

PYR-AAA

Andrew T. Nicholls

AlternateOrlando Special Effects, Inc.14222 Lake Mary Jane RoadOrlando, FL 32832National Fireworks AssociationPrincipal: Garry Hanson

M 8/2/2010PYR-AAA

Daniel P. Peart

AlternateB. J. Alan Company555 Martin Luther King, Jr. Blvd.Youngstown, OH 44502-1102Principal: William A. Weimer

M 3/4/2009

4



PYR-AAA

Steven Sites

AlternateVirginia State Fire Marshals Office140 Brookside PlaceHarrisonburg, VA 22802International Fire Marshals AssociationPrincipal: Glenn A. Dean

E 07/29/2013PYR-AAA

Gregg S. Smith

AlternateAmerican Pyrotechnics Association203 East Shenango StreetSharpsville, PA 16150-2217American Pyrotechnics AssociationPrincipal: Julie L. Heckman

M 1/14/2005

PYR-AAA

Shawn C. Stevens

AlternateUS Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms & ExplosivesRedstone Arsenal3750 Corporal DriveHuntsville, AL 35898Principal: Mike O'Lena

E 04/08/2015PYR-AAA

Tad A. Trout

AlternateAmerican Promotional Events, Inc.dba TNT Fireworks555 North Gilbert StreetFullerton, CA 92833-2508Principal: W. G. Bulifant, III

U 7/19/2002

PYR-AAA

Marie Vachon

AlternateNatural Resources CanadaExplosive Regulatory Division1431 Merivale RoadOttawa, ON K1A 0G1 CanadaEnforcementPrincipal: Rachel Robbins

E 8/5/2009PYR-AAA

Bert von Rosen

AlternateNatural Resources CanadaCanadian Explosives Research LaboratoryBldg. 12, 1 Haanel DriveBells Corners ComplexOttawa, ON K1A 1M1 CanadaResearchPrincipal: Richard Bowes

RT 8/2/2010

PYR-AAA

Graham Walsh

AlternateSafety Consulting Engineers, Inc.2131 Hammond DriveSchaumburg, IL 60173-3811Principal: John A. Conkling

SE 07/29/2013PYR-AAA

Lawrence T. Weinman

AlternateSchneier-Weinman Consultants7716 Trailside Estates Blvd.Austin, TX 78724Principal: Randall W. A. Davidson

SE 4/4/1997

PYR-AAA

Gerard W. Wingard

AlternateAmerican Fireworks Standards Laboratory503 Old Cherokee RoadLexington, SC 29072Principal: John D. Rogers

RT 03/05/2012PYR-AAA

Demar Granados

Nonvoting MemberUS Consumer Product Safety CommissionOffice of Compliance4330 East-West Highway, Suite 610Bethesda, MD 20814

C 3/4/2009

PYR-AAA

Mark Hagemann

Nonvoting MemberUS Department of LaborOccupational Safety & Health Administration200 Constitution Ave. NW, Room N3609Washington, DC 20210

E 4/15/2004PYR-AAA

Nancy Pearce

Staff LiaisonNational Fire Protection Association1 Batterymarch ParkQuincy, MA 02169-7471

1/11/2012

5

TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ON PYROTECHNICS TO: TECHNICAL COMMITTEE ON PYROTECHNICS FROM: Nancy Pearce, Staff Liaison and Daniel Gorham, Staff Liaison DATE: November 12, 2014 SUBJECT: NFPA 1124 and 1125 PYR-AAA (A16) Minutes of October 28-29, 2014 First

Draft Meeting – Baltimore, MD I. Attendance:

Members and Alternates: Glenn A. Dean, Chair, Virginia Department of Fire Programs, representing IFMA, VA Arthur H. Barber, III, US Department of the Navy, representing NAR, VA Richard Bowes, Natural Resources Canada, Explosives Research Lab/CANMET, ON* John A. Conkling, MD* Phil Grucci, Fireworks by Grucci, NY Garry Hanson, Precocious Pyrotechnics, representing NFA, MN Julie L. Heckman, American Pyrotechnics Association, MD Edward J. Kaminski, Clark County Fire Prevention Bureau, NV Stephen Lubliner, AZ Rachel Robbins, Natural Resources Canada, Explosive Regulatory Division, ON* Mary Roberts, Estes Industries, CO* John R. Steinberg, Pyrotechnics Guild International, MD Bill Stine, Quest Aerospace, CO* Charles P. Weeth, Weeth & Associates LLC, WI* Christopher J. Weir, City of Port Orange, Department of Fire & Rescue, representing IAFC, FL Darren Wright, Tripoli Rocketry Association, DE Gary E. Brown, Pyro Spectaculars, CA Albert M. Comly, Jr., Lower Gwynedd Township, representing IAFC, PA Jerald E. Farley, American Promotional Events, WA Burt Finkelstein, Kason Industries, GA Daryl Marmon, Wald-All American Firework, representing Pyrotechnics Guild International, KS Daniel P. Peart, B.J. Alan Company, OH Gregg S. Smith, American Pyrotechnics Association, PA Tad A. Trout, American Promotional Events, CA Lawrence T. Weinman, Schneier-Weinman Consultants, TX Gerard W. Wingard. American Fireworks Standards Laboratory, SC Demar Granados, US Consumer Product Safety Commission* Nancy Pearce, NFPA, Staff Liaison

Daniel Gorham, NFPA, Staff Liaison *Participated via Live Meeting Guests: Guy R. Colonna, NFPA, Division Manager Raechelle Laughlin, B.J. Alan Company Charles Walker, American Promotional Events James Beardmore, Pyrotechnics Guild International Ruth Newhouse, Pyrotechnics Guild International Jedd Hill, US Department of Labor, OSHA Tony Zmorenski, Walt Disney World Company David Shatzer, Shatzer & Associates Richard Tarr, US Department of Transportation, PHMSA Scott Simmons, US Consumer Product Safety Commission John Boja, US Consumer Product Safety Commission William Koffel, Koffel Associates Michael West, ATF/NCETR Mike O’Lena, ATF/EIPB II. Minutes of Meeting: 1. Call to Order. The meeting was called to order at 8:08 AM by Committee Chair Glenn Dean. 2. Welcome. Attendees and guests introduced themselves and their affiliation and were asked to sign in and

update the Committee roster. In addition to those attending the meeting in person, several members participated in the meeting via the web and conference call.

3. Minutes Approval. A vote was taken and the minutes of ROC for NFPA 1123 on November 1-2, 2012 were

approved without amendment. 4. Report of NFPA Staff Liaison. Daniel Gorham gave general information on procedures to be followed during

the First Draft meeting in an opening PowerPoint presentation. The presentation included introductory material explaining the new process that would be used during future document revisions. As requested, a link to the new process is provided. http://www.nfpa.org/newprocess

5. Review of NFPA 1125 Public Inputs. Nine public inputs were received and processed by the Committee. In

addition, there were several revisions that were proposed by committee members. 6. Other/New Business for NFPA 1125. The Committee developed ten first revisions and one committee

input that were discussed and voted on. The committee input was developed in response to discussion on the topic of water-based suppression systems in composition motor manufacturing facilities. The Committee asked to form a task-group to better understand the topic.

7. Review of NFPA 1124 Public Inputs. Due to most of the public inputs referring to consumer retail sales

sections of NFPA 1124 the Committee deferred action on those inputs until after the revision of the document implementing the Standards Council Decision was completed. (See # 8 below). Once the document revision was completed, most of the public inputs were resolved by pointing to the resultant changes made to 1124. Those public inputs not related to the consumer fireworks retail sales issue were resolved. In total, twenty public inputs were received and processed by the Committee.

8. Implementation of Standards Council Decision #14-1. Nancy Pearce prepared a draft document of NFPA

1124 in accordance with the Standards Council Decision #14-1. The draft was presented to the committee and several changes to the draft document were made, including moving all consumer fireworks storage requirements for manufacturing from Chapter 6 to Chapter 5 so that all types of fireworks storage would be located in one chapter. The Committee requested that Chapters 6 and 7 be “Reserved” in order to maintain the document structure. The Committee voted on the revisions to the document one chapter at a time and then a vote was taken on the document as a whole so that NFPA 1124 can be reintroduced without consumer fireworks retail sales requirements.

9. Pyro Disposal Task Group Report and Actions. The Committee previously made a request to the

Standard’s Council to change the scope of the Committee to include disposal of pyrotechnics. The Council met on October 28, 2014 and deliberated the issue. A message was relayed to staff that the Council had additional questions and did not reach consensus on the issue and the scope of the Committee was not modified to incorporate disposal. This information was provided to the Committee on Wednesday morning. Since the Committee does not have the scope to include disposal at this time, the task group did not present its report and no revisions to NFPA 1124 related to disposal were made at the meeting.

10. Other/New Business for NFPA 1124. A motion was made and supported to request the Standards Council

reconsider the proposed change of scope to the Pyrotechnics Committee at their next meeting (scheduled for April, 2015). Staff will follow-up with Standards Administration to determine if the Council needs additional information or has questions that need to be answered.

11. Formation of Task Groups for Second Draft. The Committee Chair recognized the request from the

Committee to form a Rocketry Task Group. The objective of this Task Group is to determine the technical basis for water-based protection systems in limited quantity manufacturing operations for composite propellant rocket motors. Members of this task group include:

Arthur H. Barber, III (Chair) Mary Roberts Anthony Cesaroni Gary Rosenfield Richard Bowes Edward Kaminski

12. Other Business. Staff was reminded to request that the Standards Council reconsider adding disposal to the

Pyrotechnics Committee scope be added to the agenda for the next Standards Council meeting. 13. Scheduling Next Meeting. The Committee discussed options for the next meeting. The week of August 24-

28, 2014 was determined the best considering other commitments of committee members. Several options for meeting locations were discussed, with the Committee voting on Denver and Phoenix for the preferred locations. Staff will work to determine what location is available for the desired time frame.

14. Adjournment. The Committee Chair thanked the Committee for their perseverance and hard work. The

meeting was adjourned at 3:00 PM on Wednesday, October 29, 2014.

2016 ANNUAL REVISION CYCLE *Public Input Dates may vary according to standards and schedules for Revision Cycles may change. Please check the NFPA Website for the most up‐to‐date information on Public Input Closing Dates and schedules at

www.nfpa.org/document # (i.e. www.nfpa.org/101) and click on the Next Edition tab.

Process Stage

Process Step

Dates for TC

Dates forTC with

CC Public Input Closing Date for Paper Submittal* 6/6/2014 6/6/2014

Public Input Closing Date for Online Submittal (e‐PI)* 7/7/2014 7/7/2014

Final Date for TC First Draft Meeting 12/12/2014 9/12/2014

Public Input Posting of First Draft and TC Ballot 1/30/2015 10/24/2014

Stage Final date for Receipt of TC First Draft ballot 2/20/2015 11/14/2014

(First Draft) Final date for Receipt of TC First Draft ballot ‐ recirc 2/27/2015 11/21/2014

Posting of First Draft for CC Meeting 11/28/2014

Final date for CC First Draft Meeting 1/9/2015

Posting of First Draft and CC Ballot 1/30/2015

Final date for Receipt of CC First Draft ballot 2/20/2015

Final date for Receipt of CC First Draft ballot ‐ recirc 2/27/2015

Post First Draft Report for Public Comment 3/6/2015 3/6/2015

Public Comment Closing Date for Paper Submittal* 4/10/2015 4/10/2015

Public Comment Closing Date for Online Submittal (e‐PC)* 5/15/2015 5/15/2015

Final Date to Publish Notice of Consent Standards (Standards that received no Comments)

5/29/2015 5/29/2015

Appeal Closing Date for Consent Standards (Standards that received no Comments)

6/12/2015 6/12/2015

Final date for TC Second Draft Meeting 10/30/2015 7/24/2015

Comment Posting of Second Draft and TC Ballot 12/11/2015 9/4/2015

Stage Final date for Receipt of TC Second Draft ballot 1/4/2016 9/25/2015

(Second Final date for receipt of TC Second Draft ballot ‐ recirc 1/11/2016 10/2/2015

Draft) Posting of Second Draft for CC Meeting 10/9/2015

Final date for CC Second Draft Meeting 11/20/2015

Posting of Second Draft for CC Ballot 12/11/2015

Final date for Receipt of CC Second Draft ballot 1/4/2016

Final date for Receipt of CC Second Draft ballot ‐ recirc 1/11/2016

Post Second Draft Report for NITMAM Review 1/18/2016 1/18/2016

Tech Session Notice of Intent to Make a Motion (NITMAM) Closing Date 2/19/2016 2/19/2016

Preparation Posting of Certified Amending Motions (CAMs) and Consent Standards

4/15/2016 4/15/2016

(& Issuance) Appeal Closing Date for Consent Standards 5/3/2016 5/3/2016

SC Issuance Date for Consent Standards 5/13/2016 5/13/2016

Tech Session Association Meeting for Standards with CAMs 6/13‐16/2016 6/13‐16/2016

Appeals and Appeal Closing Date for Standards with CAMs 6/29/2016 6/29/2016

Issuance SC Issuance Date for Standards with CAMs 8/4/2016 8/4/2016

Approved:__October 30, 2012 Revised___December 4, 2013_____________________

Public Comment No. 1-NFPA 1125-2015 [ Section No. 3.3.9.1 ]

3.3.9.1 Low Explosive.

Explosive materials that can be caused to deflagrate when confined [e .g., Black Powder, safety fuses,igniters, igniter cords, fuse lighters, and display fireworks defined as low explosives by 27 CFR 555.202(b),Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, and Explosives, implementing 18 USC Chapter 40 Title XIRegulation of Explosives of the Crime Control Act of 1970].

Statement of Problem and Substantiation for Public Comment

Definitions cannot contain requirements based on other codes, standards or regulations and the requirements must be in the body of the standard, per the NFPA Manual of Style. The committee's response that this definition is not a requirement is inconsistent withe the reference to a CFR section; NFPA definitions are not enforceable, in accordance with NFPA regulations. The requirements are proposed to be moved elsewhere in the code (section 6.1).

Related Public Comments for This Document

Related Comment Relationship

Public Comment No. 2-NFPA 1125-2015 [Section No. 6.1]

Related Item

Public Input No. 5-NFPA 1125-2014 [Section No. 3.3.9.1]

Submitter Information Verification

Submitter Full Name: MARCELO HIRSCHLER

Organization: GBH INTERNATIONAL

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Mon May 04 18:49:10 EDT 2015

National Fire Protection Association Report http://submittals.nfpa.org/TerraViewWeb/ContentFetcher?commentPara...

1 of 3 5/18/2015 12:01 PM

Public Comment No. 2-NFPA 1125-2015 [ Section No. 6.1 ]

6.1 Basic Requirements.

6.1.1 Black Powder, safety fuses, igniters, igniter cords, fuse lighters, and display fireworks are definedas low explosives (see 3.3.9.1) by 27 CFR 555.202(b), Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms, andExplosives, implementing 18 USC Chapter 40Title XI Regulation of Explosives of the Crime Control Act of1970.

6.1.2

Low explosives not exempt under 27 CFR 555 shall be stored only in a Type 1, 2, 3, or 4 magazine. Theyshall be so stored at all times unless in the process of manufacture, testing, packaging, or transport.

6.1.2 3

Magazines containing low explosives shall be separated from each other and from inhabited buildings,public highways, and passenger railways, according to the distances specified by Table 6.1.2 3 .

Table 6.1.2 Table 3 Table of Storage Distances from Low Explosives at Model and High-Power RocketMotor Manufacturing Facilities

Quantity of Low Explosives Distance fromInhabited Building

Distance fromRailroad and

Highway

Distance fromAboveground MagazineOver Not Over

lb kg lb kg ft m ft m ft m

0 0 1,000 454 75 23 75 23 50 15

1,000 454 5,000 2,268 115 35 115 35 75 23

5,000 2,268 10,000 4,536 150 46 150 46 100 30

10,000 4,536 20,000 9,072 190 58 190 58 125 38

20,000 9,072 30,000 13,608 215 66 215 66 145 44

30,000 13,608 40,000 18,144 235 72 235 72 155 47

40,000 18,144 50,000 22,680 250 76 250 76 165 50

50,000 22,680 60,000 27,216 260 79 260 79 175 53

60,000 27,216 70,000 31,751 270 82 270 82 185 56

70,000 31,751 80,000 36,287 280 85 280 85 190 58

80,000 36,287 90,000 40,823 295 90 295 90 195 59

90,000 40,823 100,000 45,360 300 91 300 91 200 61

100,000 45,360 200,000 90,718 375 114 375 114 250 76

200,000 90,718 300,000 136,078 450 137 450 137 300 91

Source: 27 CFR 555 (BATF regulations for the storage of explosive materials).

Statement of Problem and Substantiation for Public Comment

This just moves the regulatory reference and the list away from the definition.

Related Public Comments for This Document

Related Comment Relationship

Public Comment No. 1-NFPA 1125-2015 [Section No. 3.3.9.1]

Related Item

Public Input No. 5-NFPA 1125-2014 [Section No. 3.3.9.1]



2 of 3 5/18/2015 12:01 PM

Submitter Full Name: MARCELO HIRSCHLER

Organization: GBH INTERNATIONAL

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Mon May 04 18:53:11 EDT 2015


3 of 3 5/18/2015 12:01 PM

2017 ANNUAL REVISION CYCLE *Public Input Dates may vary according to standards and schedules for Revision Cycles may change. Please check the NFPA Website for the most up‐to‐date information on Public Input Closing Dates and schedules at

www.nfpa.org/document # (i.e. www.nfpa.org/101) and click on the Next Edition tab.

Process Stage

Process Step

Dates for TC

Dates forTC with

CC Public Input Closing Date* 7/6/15 7/6/15

Final Date for TC First Draft Meeting 12/14/15 9/14/15

Public Input Posting of First Draft and TC Ballot 2/1/16 10/26/15

Stage Final date for Receipt of TC First Draft ballot 2/22/16 11/16/15

`(First Draft) Final date for Receipt of TC First Draft ballot ‐ recirc 2/29/16 11/23/15

Posting of First Draft for CC Meeting 11/30/15

Final date for CC First Draft Meeting 1/11/16

Posting of First Draft and CC Ballot 2/1/16

Final date for Receipt of CC First Draft ballot 2/22/16

Final date for Receipt of CC First Draft ballot ‐ recirc 2/29/16

Post First Draft Report for Public Comment 3/7/16 3/7/16

Public Comment closing date 5/16/16 5/16/16

Final Date to Publish Notice of Consent Standards (Standards that received no Comments)

5/30/16 5/30/16

Appeal Closing Date for Consent Standards (Standards that received no Comments)

6/13/16 6/13/16

Final date for TC Second Draft Meeting 10/31/16 7/25/16

Comment Posting of Second Draft and TC Ballot 12/12/16 9/5/16

Stage Final date for Receipt of TC Second Draft ballot 1/2/17 9/26/16

(Second Final date for receipt of TC Second Draft ballot ‐ recirc 1/9/17 10/3/16

Draft) Posting of Second Draft for CC Meeting 10/10/16

Final date for CC Second Draft Meeting 11/21/16

Posting of Second Draft for CC Ballot 12/12/16

Final date for Receipt of CC Second Draft ballot 1/2/17

Final date for Receipt of CC Second Draft ballot ‐ recirc 1/9/17

Post Second Draft Report for NITMAM Review 1/16/17 1/16/17

Tech Session Notice of Intent to Make a Motion (NITMAM) Closing Date 2/20/17 2/20/17

Preparation Posting of Certified Amending Motions (CAMs) and Consent Standards

4/17/17 4/17/17

(& Issuance) Appeal Closing Date for Consent Standards 5/2/17 5/2/17

SC Issuance Date for Consent Standards 5/12/17 5/12/17

Tech Session Association Meeting for Standards with CAMs 6/4‐7/2017 6/4‐7/2017

Appeals and Appeal Closing Date for Standards with CAMs 6/27/17 6/27/17

Issuance SC Issuance Date for Standards with CAMs 8/10/17 8/10/17

Approved: October 30, 2012 Revised________________________

Public Input No. 19-NFPA 1122-2015 [ Section No. 4.9.3 ]

4.9.3

As an alternative to the minimum launch site dimensions of Table 4.9, the size of the launch site shall bepermitted to meet one of the following criteria:

(1) It shall be not less than one-half the maximum altitude as stated by the manufacturer or as calculatedby flight simulation for the model rocket and motor(s) combination being flown.

(2) It shall be of a size approved by the AHJ based on flight demonstration or data required tosubstantiate the anticipated altitude.

Statement of Problem and Substantiation for Public Input

Many model rockets flown by consumers are original designs or are kits flown with types of motors not used by the manufacturer in listing the expected altitude that the rocket will attain. Some manufacturers do not list that expected altitude for their kits. In both cases, certain rockets can reach low altitudes with large rocket motors and can therefore be flown safely on a field smaller than the minimum dimensions prescribed in the table. Flight simulation computer programs are widely available both commercially and as downloadable freeware, and are widely used, which permit a consumer to accurately calculate the altitude that any rocket will attain with any motor. This proposed revision allows for use of that technique for developing an estimate of flight altitude for the purpose of informing minimum launch site dimensions.


Submitter Full Name: ARTHUR BARBER

Organization: N/A

Affilliation: National Association of Rocketry

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Sat Jun 27 20:00:32 EDT 2015


1 of 5 7/9/2015 10:27 AM

Public Input No. 18-NFPA 1122-2015 [ Section No. B.2 ]


2 of 5 7/9/2015 10:27 AM

B.2

The following is excerpted from the Model Rocket Safety Code.

1. Materials. I will use only lightweight, non-metal parts for the nose, body, and fins of my rocket.

2. Motors. I will use only certified, commercially-made model rocket motors, and will not tamper with thesemotors or use them for any purposes except those recommended by the manufacturer.

3. Ignition System. I will launch my rockets with an electrical launch system and electrical motor igniters.My launch system will have a safety interlock in series with the launch switch, and will use a launch switchthat returns to the “off” position when released.

4. Misfires. If my rocket does not launch when I press the button of my electrical launch system, I willremove the launcher's safety interlock or disconnect its battery, and will wait 60 seconds after the lastlaunch attempt before allowing anyone to approach the rocket.

5. Launch Safety. I will use a countdown before launch, and will ensure that everyone is paying attentionand is a safe distance of at least 4.6 m (15 ft) away when I launch rockets with D motors or smaller, and9.1 m (30 ft) when I launch larger rockets. If I am uncertain about the safety or stability of an untestedrocket, I will check the stability before flight and will fly it only after warning spectators and clearing themaway to a safe distance.

6. Launcher. I will launch my rocket from a launch rod, tower, or rail that is pointed to within 30 degrees ofthe vertical to ensure that the rocket flies nearly straight up, and I will use a blast deflector to prevent themotor's exhaust from hitting the ground. To prevent accidental eye injury, I will place launchers so that theend of the launch rod is above eye level or will cap the end of the rod when it is not in use.

7. Size. My model rocket will not weigh more than 1500 g (53 oz) at liftoff and will not contain more than125 g (4.4 oz) of propellant or 320 N-sec (71.9 lb-sec) of total impulse. If my model rocket weighs morethan 453 g (1 lb) at lift-off or has more than 113 g (4 oz) of propellant, I will check and comply with FederalAviation Administration regulations before flying.

8. Flight Safety. I will not launch my rocket at targets, into clouds, or near airplanes, and will not put anyflammable or explosive payload in my rocket.

9. Launch Site. I will launch my rocket outdoors, in an open area at least as large as shown in Table B.2,and in safe weather conditions with wind speeds no greater than 32.22 km/h (20 mph). I will ensure thatthere is no dry grass close to the launch pad, and that the launch site does not present risk of grass fires.

10. Recovery System. I will use a recovery system such as a streamer or parachute in my rocket so that itreturns safely and undamaged and can be flown again, and I will use only flame-resistant or fireproofrecovery system wadding in my rocket.

11. Recovery Safety. I will not attempt to recover my rocket from power lines, tall trees, or otherdangerous places.

Table B.2 Launch Site Dimensions

Installed Total Impulse

(N-sec)

Equivalent

Motor Type

Minimum Site Dimensions

(ft)

0.00–1.25 1⁄4 A, 1⁄2 A 50

1.26–2.50 A 100

2.51–5.00 B 200

5.01–10.00 C 400

10.01–20.00 D 500

20.01–40.00 E 1000

40.01–80.00 F 1000

80.01–160.00 G 1000

160.01–320.00 2Gs 1500

Source: National Association of Rocketry.

Additional Proposed Changes


3 of 5 7/9/2015 10:27 AM

File Name Description Approved

NAR_Model_Rocket_Safety_Code_Aug_2012_.docLatest edition of the Model Rocket Safety Code of the National Association of Rocketry


Appendix B contains a previous edition of the Model Rocket Safety Code of the National Association of Rocketry. This edition was superseded in August 2012 by a new edition, which has been attached. This new edition should be substituted in its entirety for the edition that is currently in Appendix B of NFPA 1122.



Organization: N/A


Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:



4 of 5 7/9/2015 10:27 AM

NAR Model Rocket Safety Code

Effective August 2012

1. Materials. I will use only lightweight, non-metal parts for the nose, body, and fins of

my rocket.

2. Motors. I will use only certified, commercially made model rocket motors, and will

not tamper with these motors or use them for any purposes except those recommended by the manufacturer.

3. Ignition System. I will launch my rockets with an electrical launch system and

electrical motor igniters. My launch system will have a safety interlock in series with

the launch switch, and will use a launch switch that returns to the "off" position when

released.

4. Misfires. If my rocket does not launch when I press the button of my electrical

launch system, I will remove the launcher's safety interlock or disconnect its battery,

and will wait 60 seconds after the last launch attempt before allowing anyone to approach the rocket.

5. Launch Safety. I will use a countdown before launch, and will ensure that everyone

is paying attention and is a safe distance of at least 15 feet away when I launch

rockets with D motors or smaller, and 30 feet when I launch larger rockets. If I am

uncertain about the safety or stability of an untested rocket, I will check the stability

before flight and will fly it only after warning spectators and clearing them away to a

safe distance. When conducting a simultaneous launch of more than ten rockets I will

observe a safe distance of 1.5 times the maximum expected altitude of any launched

rocket.

6. Launcher. I will launch my rocket from a launch rod, tower, or rail that is pointed to

within 30 degrees of the vertical to ensure that the rocket flies nearly straight up,

and I will use a blast deflector to prevent the motor's exhaust from hitting the

ground. To prevent accidental eye injury, I will place launchers so that the end of the launch rod is above eye level or will cap the end of the rod when it is not in use.

7. Size. My model rocket will not weigh more than 1,500 grams (53 ounces) at liftoff

and will not contain more than 125 grams (4.4 ounces) of propellant or 320 N-sec

(71.9 pound-seconds) of total impulse.

8. Flight Safety. I will not launch my rocket at targets, into clouds, or near airplanes, and will not put any flammable or explosive payload in my rocket.

9. Launch Site. I will launch my rocket outdoors, in an open area at least as large as

shown in the accompanying table, and in safe weather conditions with wind speeds

no greater than 20 miles per hour. I will ensure that there is no dry grass close to

the launch pad, and that the launch site does not present risk of grass fires.

http://www.nar.org/#sitedimensions

10. Recovery System. I will use a recovery system such as a streamer or parachute in

my rocket so that it returns safely and undamaged and can be flown again, and I will use only flame-resistant or fireproof recovery system wadding in my rocket.

11. Recovery Safety. I will not attempt to recover my rocket from power lines, tall

trees, or other dangerous places.

LAUNCH SITE DIMENSIONS

Installed Total Impulse (N-sec) Equivalent Motor Type Minimum Site Dimensions (ft.)

0.00--1.25 1/4A, 1/2A 50

1.26--2.50 A 100

2.51--5.00 B 200

5.01--10.00 C 400

10.01--20.00 D 500

20.01--40.00 E 1,000

40.01--80.00 F 1,000

80.01--160.00 G 1,000

160.01--320.00 Two Gs 1,500

Public Input No. 2-NFPA 1122-2014 [ Section No. E.1.2.1 ]

E.1.2.1 NAR Publications.

National Association of Rocketry, P.O. Box 407, Marion, IA 52302.

Model Rocket Safety Code, 2001 2012 .


Referenced current edition.


Submitter Full Name: Aaron Adamczyk

Organization: [ Not Specified ]

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Fri Jun 27 02:58:22 EDT 2014


5 of 5 7/9/2015 10:27 AM

Public Input No. 12-NFPA 1123-2013 [ New Section after 1.3.2 ]

COMPLIANCE WITH SUBSEQUENT EDITIONS OF THIS STANDARD

1.3.3 Compliance with Subsequent Editions of this Standard. Compliance with subsequent editions ofthis standard shall be considered evidence of compliance with the jurisdiction's adopted edition of thisstandard.

A.1.3.3. Newer editions of this standard incorporate advances in knowledge, best practices and technology.Therefore, if an operator provides evidence of compliance with a newer edition of this standard than has beenadopted by the AHJ, the AHJ shall accept compliance with the newer edition as evidence of full codecompliance with their currently adopted edition of this standard.


Display operators are often confronted by numerous jurisdictions in their service area that may have adopted differing editions of NFPA 1123. Keeping staff trained on three, four or even five differing editions of NFPA 1123 and complying with differing editions is an almost an impossible expectation. These complications can also create liability exposures for display operators whey they may not utilize the specific edition of NFPA 1123 that a jurisdiction had adopted. In addition, a newer edition of a standard may provided greater levels of safety to the public and the operator along with guidance in situations that were not previously addressed in a previous edition of the standard. If a display operator chooses to comply with the most current published edition of NFPA 1123, even though it is not adopted by the AHJ, there is no reason that the most current edition of NFPA 1123 should be accepted as evidence of compliance to an adopted previous edition of NFPA 1123. This change memorializes this concept in the standard to provide liability protection to the contractor and specific guidance to the AHJ that this practice is allowed.


Submitter Full Name: Anthony Apfelbeck

Organization: Altamonte Springs Building/Fire Safety Division

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Sun Nov 24 18:20:55 EST 2013


1 of 25 7/8/2015 12:16 PM


High Winds

3.3.20 High Winds. Sustained winds that exceed 15 mph measured at the elevation of the dischage site.


The term "high winds" is utilized a number of times in the document and causes the operator and/or AHJ to take actions when such conditions exist. The term is a term that should be quantified. This is especially the case when needing to know when the minimum separation distances should be increased due to high wind conditions. The 15 mph is just a placeholder as the TC expertise should be better able to quantify what wind speed warrants increases in setbacks beyond the minimum separation distances specified in the document.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Thu Nov 21 20:32:41 EST 2013


2 of 25 7/8/2015 12:16 PM

Public Input No. 15-NFPA 1123-2014 [ Section No. 4.2.2.2 ]

4.2.2.2 *

Preparation area(s) for display fireworks shall be secured from public access by at least 100 ft (30m) by the distances in Chapter 5 .


It is hard to have a 100 ft clearance during set up then move crowds back before the display. It is more consistent to keep the distances with chapter 5.


Submitter Full Name: John Chartier

Organization: Northeastern Regional Fire Cod

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Thu Oct 02 15:05:28 EDT 2014


3 of 25 7/8/2015 12:16 PM


4.2.3.4

At the display site, assembly or repair of fireworks shall not be performed within 50 ft (15.2 m) of fireworksstorage.

Proposed revision:

At the display site, assembly or repair of fireworks shall not be performed within 50 ft (15.2 m) of anylocation where bulk fireworks, assemblages of fireworks, or boxes of display fireworks have beentemporarily placed, during or pending the set up of the display.

Substantiation:

In several display accidents, such as Ocracoke 7/4/07 and Lake Elsinore 8/31/12, operators and/or AHJsmisattributed the intent of the current code to indicate that working on fireworks, installation of electricmatches, removal of electric matches is only prohibited within fifty feet of licensed and regulated storagesites such as magazines. This revision would clarify the intent of the code- to avoid creating increasedignition hazards in close proximity to bulk foreworks that could be accidentally thus ignited.


Substantiation:In several display accidents, such as Ocracoke 7/4/07 and Lake Elsinore 8/31/12, operators and/or AHJs misattributed the intent of the current code to indicate that working on fireworks, installation of electric matches, removal of electric matches is only prohibited within fifty feet of licensed and regulated storage sites such as magazines. This revision would clarify the intent of the code- to avoid creating increased ignition hazards in close proximity to bulk foreworks that could be accidentally thus ignited.


Submitter Full Name: JOHN STEINBERG

Organization: PYROTECHNICS GUILD INTERNATIONAL

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Wed Jun 10 08:37:00 EDT 2015


4 of 25 7/8/2015 12:16 PM


4.2.3.6

Repair of fireworks and pyrotechnic devices at the display site shall be limited to repairs that do not requiredisassembly of the device.

add the following language:

Where such repairs require cutting quick match or other fuse, only single blade cutting devices, such asanvil cutters or knives shall be used. Scissors or other double bladed cutting devices that use a shearingaction shall be prohitied from use when cutting fuse of any type. No cutting of fuse shall be allowed, witheither single or double bladed cutting devices, when electric matches are being installed, removed, or arepresent.


Substantiation:Accidental ignition of fuse and/or fireworks has occurred when quick match and other types of fuse are cut using scissors or other double bladed cutting devices. Such accidental friction induced ignition can be avoided by using single blade cutting devices to cut fuses and limiting the use of scissors to cutting inert materials only. Electric matches are susceptible to ignition when cut by any type of blade device. The submitter has been a direct observer of such instances. This hazard can be completely mitigated by forbidding cutting devices from being used to install, remove, or work with devices or fuses when electric matches are present.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:



5 of 25 7/8/2015 12:16 PM


4.5.6

Mortar racks or bundles that are not inherently stable shall be secured or braced by means of stakes, legs,A-frames, side-boards, or equivalent means.

add additional language:

Plastic strip ties ("zip ties") shall not be used to secure or stabilize individual mortars, mortar racks, romancandles, or any other equipment or device or assembly containing live pyrotechnic material.


The submitter has personally been involved in accident investigations where the use of plastic ties/zip ties to secure pyrotechnic devices or mortars has been causally related to injuries and accidents. Though zip ties/plastic ties may have high rated static test load bearing abilities, they are brittle and susceptible to failure/rupture when dynamic loading is applied. When they fail, the device is then rendered loose or unstable and may discharge in unintended directions. In one such instance, several roman candles were dislodged when a nearby flowerpot shattered/sheared the zip ties/plastic ties employed to affix these candles to a fence. Several audience members were then injured. Further, the plastic ties may be rendered soft and unable to provide the stabilization they were utilized for when exposed to heat and or flame. Therefore, in pyrotechnic displays, the use of such plastic ties should be prohibited for purposes of providing stabilization. The submitter has no objection to their use in proximate pyrotechnic displays where smaller devices are typically used and where their track record of safe use is well established.




Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:



6 of 25 7/8/2015 12:16 PM

Public Input No. 25-NFPA 1123-2015 [ Chapter 5 ]

Chapter 5 Display Site Selection

5.1 General.

The intent of this chapter shall be to provide requirements for clearances upon which the AHJ bases itsapproval of an outdoor fireworks display site.

5.1.1 AHJ Discretion.

5.1.1.1

Where added safety precautions have been taken, or particularly favorable conditions exist, the AHJ shallbe permitted to decrease the required separation distances as it deems appropriate upon demonstrationthat the hazard has been reduced or the risk has been protected.

5.1.1.2

Where unusual or safety-threatening conditions exist, the AHJ shall be permitted to increase the requiredseparation distances as it deems necessary.

5.1.2 Site Plan.

5.1.2.1

A site plan shall be submitted to the AHJ within a time period required by the AHJ prior to the display.

5.1.2.2*

The site plan shall include the dimensions of the display site and location of discharge site(s), spectatorviewing area(s), parking area(s), fallout area(s), and the associated separation distances.

5.1.2.3

After review of the site plan, the AHJ shall inspect the area depicted on the site plan. (See Annex B foradditional information.)

5.1.2.4

When trenches or holes are dug into the ground in order to place mortars, the operator shall consult withthe sponsor and the AHJ in order to locate any buried utility lines in the discharge site.

5.1.3* Minimum Site Size Requirements.

The site for the outdoor land or water display shall have a radius at least as great as specified for thoseitems in the display with the greatest required radius.


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5.1.3.1

For aerial shells, the minimum required radius of the display site shall be 70 ft/in. (22 m/25 mm) of theinternal mortar diameter of the largest aerial shell to be fired, as shown in Table 5.1.3.1.

Table 5.1.3.1 Distances for Outdoor Aerial Shell Display Sites: Minimum Separation Distances fromMortars to Spectators for Land or Water Displays

Mortar

SizeaMinimum Secured

Diameter of SitebVertical

Mortarsc

Angled

Mortarsd

1⁄3 Offset

Mortars to Special

Hazardse

in. mm ft m ft m ft m ft m

≤1 25 150 46 75 23 75 23 150 46

1.5 38 210 64 105 32 75 23 210 64

2 50 280 85 140 43 95 29 280 85

2.5 63 350 107 175 54 115 35 350 107

3 76 420 128 210 64 140 43 420 128

4 102 560 171 280 85 190 58 560 171

5 127 700 213 350 107 230 70 700 213

6 152 840 256 420 128 280 85 840 256

7 178 980 299 490 149 320 98 980 299

8 203 1120 341 560 171 370 113 1120 341

10 254 1400 427 700 213 460 140 1400 427

12 305 1680 512 840 256 560 171 1680 512

Note: >12 in. (>305 mm) requires the approval of the AHJ.

a See 4.1.1.

b See 5.1.3.

c See 5.2.1.4.

d See 5.2.1.4. Note that for angled mortars, the minimum secured diameter of the display site does notchange. Only the location of the mortars within the secured area changes when the mortars are angled.

e See 5.1.4. Note that this is only the distance to the special hazards. The minimum secured diameter ofthe display site does not change.

5.1.3.2

For non-splitting or non-bursting comets and mines containing only stars or non-splitting or non-burstingcomets, the minimum required radius of the display site shall be 35 ft/in. (11 m/25 mm) of the internalmortar diameter of the largest comet or mine to be fired, one-half that shown in Table 5.1.3.1.

5.1.3.3 Minimum Radius for Chain-Fused Aerial Shells, Comets, and Mines.

5.1.3.3.1

For chain-fused aerial shells and comets and mines to be fired from mortars, racks, or other holders thatare sufficiently strong to prevent their being repositioned in the event of an explosive malfunction of theaerial shells, comets, or mines, the minimum required radius shall be the same as that required in 5.1.3.1and 5.1.3.2. (See also Section 4.6.)

5.1.3.3.2

For chain-fused aerial shells and comets and mines to be fired from mortars, racks, or other holders thatare not sufficiently strong to prevent their being repositioned in the event of an explosive malfunction of theaerial shells, comets, or mines, the minimum required radius shall be double that required in 5.1.3.1 and5.1.3.2. (See also Section 4.6.)

5.1.3.4 Roman Candles and Cakes.

5.1.3.4.1

For Roman candles and cakes, the minimum required radius shall be that specified for chain-fused aerialshells, comets, or mines, depending on whether they produce aerial shell, comet, or mine effects.


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5.1.3.4.2

For Roman candles and cakes producing both aerial shell and comet or mine effects, the minimumrequired radius shall be that for aerial shells.

5.1.3.4.3

During the firing of the display, cakes shall be located a minimum of 100 ft (30 m) from any ready box andmortars to be reloaded.

5.1.3.5 Ground Display Pieces.

5.1.3.5.1*

For ground display pieces of low hazard potential, the minimum radius shall be 75 ft (23 m).

5.1.3.5.2*

For ground display pieces with greater hazard potential, the minimum radius shall be 125 ft (38 m).

5.1.3.6

Equipment, including mortars, used as holders to support smaller devices such as Roman candles,pre-loaded mines, and pre-loaded comets shall not be used to determine the radius or area of the displaysite or the separation distances.

5.1.4 Other Site Requirements.

5.1.4.1*

Distances from the point of discharge of any firework to a health care or detention and correctional facilityshall be at least twice the distances specified in 5.1.3.

5.1.4.2

The requirements of 5.1.4.1 shall not apply where approved by the AHJ and the health care or detentionand correctional facility.

5.1.4.3*

The distance between the discharge site and bulk storage areas of materials that have a flammability,explosive, or toxic hazard shall be twice that required by 5.1.3.

5.1.4.4

The fuel tanks on vehicles or other motorized equipment located in the display site shall not be consideredbulk storage.

5.1.4.5

No spectators or spectator parking areas shall be located within the display site.

5.1.4.6

Dwellings, buildings, and structures shall be permitted to be located within the display site with theapproval of the AHJ and the owner of the dwelling, building, or structure, provided that the dwelling,building, or structure is unoccupied during the display, or if the structure provides protection for theoccupants through noncombustible or fire-resistant construction.

5.1.4.7

The area selected for the discharge of aerial shells shall be located so that the trajectory of the shells shallnot come within 25 ft (7.6 m) of any overhead object.

5.1.5 Fallout Area.

5.1.5.1*

The fallout area shall be an open area.

5.1.5.2

Spectators, unauthorized vehicles, watercraft, or readily combustible materials shall not be located withinthe fallout area during the display.

5.1.6

Fire protection and other emergency response personnel and their vehicles shall remain at or beyond theperimeter of the display site during the actual firing of the display.

5.2 Minimum Spectator Separation Distance Requirements.

5.2.1

The minimum spectator separation distance from the point of discharge of each firework shall be at leastas great as those specified in this section.

5.2.1.1*

For aerial shells and comets and mines, Roman candles, and cakes that are discharged vertically fromfiring positions elevated 25 ft (7.6 m) or less above ground level, the minimum required spectatorseparation distance shall be the same as the minimum required radius specified in 5.1.3, including Table5.1.3.1.


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5.2.1.2*

For aerial shells and comets and mines, Roman candles, and cakes that are discharged vertically fromfiring positions elevated more than 25 ft (7.6 m) above ground level, the minimum required spectatorseparation distance required by 5.2.1.1 shall be increased by 25 ft (7.6 m) and an additional 25 ft (7.6 m)for each 100 ft (30 m) of elevation.

5.2.1.3

For ground display pieces and mines containing only stars or non-splitting or non-bursting comets firedvertically from any elevation, the minimum required spectator separation distance from the point ofdischarge shall be the same as the minimum display site radius specified in 5.1.3.

5.2.1.4 Angling of Mortars.

5.2.1.4.1*

Aerial shells, comets and mines, and Roman candles and cakes shall be permitted to be angled if either ofthe following requirements is satisfied:

(1) The dud shells or components are carried away from the main spectator area, and the offsetspecified in Table 5.1.3.1 is followed.

(2) The spectator separation distance specified in 5.2.1 is correspondingly increased in the direction ofthe angle.

5.2.1.4.2

If the offset provided in Table 5.1.3.1 is followed, the mortars or tubes shall be angled so that any dudshells or components fall at a point approximately equal to the offset of the mortars or tubes from theotherwise required discharge point but in the opposite direction.

5.3 Tents.

5.3.1

Tents shall not be located within the discharge site during the display.

5.3.2

Where tents are permitted in the fallout area by the operator and AHJ, such tents shall not be occupiedduring the display.



Chapter_5_-_Track-Moded_with_Substantiations.doc

Replace existing Chapter 5 with the proposed text.

2008-NFPA-Ballistics.ppt


Substantiation: The proposed revisions to this chapter fall into one or more of the following areas:

• This chapter currently requires (in 5.2.1.4.1) that "The spectator separation distance specified in 5.2.1 is correspondingly increased in the direction of the angle", without providing guidance regarding what constitutes an appropriate increased spectator separation distance as a function of mortar angle. The proposed revisions address this need, as Annex A information, for both ground level and elevated firing locations.

• There are a number of requirements specified in this chapter that would be made explicit and thus easier to implement by slightly modifying the text.

• There are a few requirements specified in this chapter that would be made easier to implement by providing some information in Annex A.


Submitter Full Name: Kenneth Kosanke

Organization: PyroLabs, Incorporated


10 of 25 7/8/2015 12:16 PM

Affilliation: special expert (self)

Street Address:

City:

State:

Zip:

Submittal Date: Fri Jun 26 17:36:12 EDT 2015


11 of 25 7/8/2015 12:16 PM

Requirements for Angled Mortars and Elevated Firing Sites

K. & B. Kosanke – L. Weinman – J. Widmann

Requirements for Angled Mortars and Elevated Firing Sites

• Presentation Contents:– Review of Background Information– Summary of Field Trial Results– Verification of Computer Ballistics Models– Summary of Computer Model Results– Proposals for Committee Consideration

NFPA Ballistics Project

• Purpose - Develop basic proposals for separation distance requirements (that maintain the current level of spectator safety) for the firing of aerial shells:

1. From vertical mortars on elevated launch sites.

2. From angled (tilted) mortars on level ground.

3. From angled mortars on elevated launch sites.


• Purpose - Does not include:1. Developing the specific text to be added to

NFPA-1123 that presents the separation distance requirements for firing shells from elevated sites and/or from angled mortars.

2. Developing proposals for other firework devices (e.g., mines, comets, Roman candles, etc.).

Summary - Conclusion

• Possible courses of action:1. Decide to proceed, but only for smaller shells,

lesser tilt angles and/or lesser elevations.2. Decide to proceed, but develop simpler

methods of setting minimum distance.3. Decide this is all too complicated and do

nothing (at least for now).4. Decide to proceed with some method, and

increase the current level of spectator risk by reducing the spectator separation distances recommended by this ballistics study.


• Method:1. Produce additional (new) ballistics data to

augment existing data.2. Kosanke and Weinman to work mostly

independently, using two different ballistics computer modeling codes.

• Verify the reasonableness of the modeled results.• Model firings of various size aerial shells from

ground and elevated sites with vertical and angled mortars.

• Propose separation distance requirements that maintain the current level of spectator safety.

Review of Background Information

• The trajectory and point of fall of an aerial shell depends on many factors.

– Some factors are knowable before a shell is fired (e.g., its diameter, its mass, the tilt angle of its mortar).

– However, as a practical matter for a display of many shells, even these easily knowable factors are only approximately known within signifi-cantly wide ranges.


• The trajectory and point of fall of an aerial shell depends on many factors.

– Unfortunately, some of the factors can only be determined after a shell is fired, the most important of which are it its muzzle velocity and those factors determining the magnitude and direction of shell drift.

– Thus, as a practical matter, this information can only be approximated within quite wide ranges.


• For example: Note the distribution in the points of fall of absolutely identical6-inch shells fired from the same mortar at atilt angle of 20 degrees.

-500

-400

-300

-200

-100

0

100

200

300

400

500

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

Launch Point

Points of Fall


• A fact of life: Because of the unknown and unknowable factors determining the trajectory of aerial shells fired in a display, safety distances can only be established on a statistical basis and then only within quite wide ranges.

• The solution: Maintain current safety margins (i.e., sufficient spectator separ-ation distances).


• Risk is a combination of two factors:1. The likelihood of an adverse event occurring.2. The severity of the event when it occurs.

• The severity of an accident involving a large caliber shell is much greater than the same accident involving a small shell. Thus it is necessary to make the likelihood of a large shell accident much less than a small shell accident.

Current Field Trials

• To provide a range of shell parameters (in a cost effective manner):– Two sizes of shells

(3-inch and 6-inch) were assembled by Jim Widmann using his automated shell pasting equipment.


• To provide a range of shell parameters (in a cost effective manner):

– Each of the two shell sizes were made having shell weights that were both lighter and heavier than typical weights.


• The test shells were fired from well-supported mortars at a variety of angles down range.

– Mortar tilt angles ranged from vertical to 30 degreesdown range.


• The vertically fired test shells were fired using three different lift charge amounts.

–This produced muzzle velocities in the range from about 250 to 350 feet persecond, as measured using the pair of electric coils attached above the mortars.


• The muzzle velocity data was digitally acquired using a mobile instrument van.


• Muzzle velocity was determined by measuring the time it took for a shell (magnet) to pass between the two coils.

-0.2

1

Time

Coi

l Vol

tage


• In addition:–The time-of-flight for each shell was measured.

–The location of the mortar and the point-of-fallfor each shell was determined using GPS equipment.

• The first use of the field data was to verify the general correctness of the two computer models to be used.

Computer Ballistics Models

• One model was developed about 20 years ago and uses an average drag coefficient for the shell and average atmospheric conditions.

–This model uses a somewhat simplisticapproach, but is the same as was proposed by Roger Schneider at our last meeting.

–The modeled results in this presentation are somewhat preliminary, use this model with some adjustment based on the Weinman model and the field trials.


• Old model is reasonably good (≈ 4%).

Test Disp. Calc.∆

Disp. ToF Calc. ∆ ToF(ft.) (ft.) (ft.) (sec.) (sec.) (sec.)

3H15 396 406 10 11.8 11.7 0.13H30 693 684 -9 9.8 10.4 0.63L15 260 262 2 9.9 9.8 -0.13L30 470 465 -5 7.7 9.1 1.46H20 865 723 -142 12.8 12.7 -0.16L30 790 773 -17 10.6 10.8 0.2

Ave. -27 Ave. 0.35


• An example of computer modeled ballistics data.

0 259.8 150 0 700 0 00.1 249.8 146 0 725.5 14.8 00.2 240.2 142.3 0 750 29.2 00.3 231.1 138.7 0 773.5 43.3 00.4 222.4 135.4 0 796.2 57 00.5 214.1 132.3 0 818 70.4 00.6 206.1 129.4 0 839 83.4 00.7 198.5 126.6 0 859.3 96.2 00.8 191.2 123.9 0 878.7 108.7 00.9 184.2 121.4 0 897.5 121 0

1 177.4 119 0 915.6 133 01.1 170.8 116.8 0 933 144.8 01.2 164.5 114.6 0 949.8 156.4 0


• Most of the computer modeling was performed assuming the following as average shell parameters:

– Elevation = 1000 feet above MSL (plus the local elevation of the mortar above ground level).

– Muzzle velocity = 300 feet per second.

– Shell diameters = 2.7, 5.6 and 11.5 inches, for 3-, 6-, and 12-inch shells, respectively.

– Shell weights = 0.3, 2.5 and 18 pounds, for 3-, 6-, and 12-inch shells, respectively.


• Trajectories of 3-, 6-, and 12-inch shells fired at a 30 degree mortar tilt angle.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

3-Inch 6-Inch 12-Inch


• 3-inch shells weighing 0.2, 0.3 and 0.4 pounds fired at a 30 degree angle.

0

100

200

300

400

500

0 200 400 600 800

0.2pound

0.3pound

0.4pound


• 12-inch shells fired at a 30 degree angle with velocities of 200, 300 and 400 fps.

0

200

400

600

800

1000

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400 1600

200 fps

300 fps

400 fps


• The other model was recently devel-oped and uses a velocity dependent drag coefficient and a more detailed atmospheric model.

–This new model uses a more technically advanced approach and is still somewhat under development with additional features being included.


• The new model is quite good (≈ 1%) and is still under development. Shell# MeasTOF ComputedTOF Meas-CompuTOF Computed-Sx H6010 12.80 13.36 -0.56 938.4H6011 12.92 13.12 -0.20 907.4H6012 13.90 12.64 1.26 848.9H6013 12.99 13.79 -0.80 988.1H6015 12.64 12.43 0.21 822.6H6016 12.12 11.79 0.33 746.2H6017 12.99 12.84 0.15 868.4H6018 12.34 13.47 -1.13 945.0H6019 12.50 12.36 0.14 811.4

Off-vertical angle (computed) = 20.46°Number of Shells = 9 Average Measured TOF minus Computed TOF = -0.067, or 0.5%Average Computed Sx = 875.2Measured Average Sx = 862.8’ Difference = 12.4’, or 1.4%


• Example of shellplots showing the statistic basedexpected impactzones.

Vertical Mortars – Elevated Sites

• When firing vertical mortars from elevated sites, there are three main factors that must be considered to establish the necessary spectator separation distance.

– Aerial shell drift - (bore balloting and other).– Mortar positioning uncertainty - (angle).– Displacement due to wind.


• Aerial shell drift:– Based on the firing of more than 150 shells (16

sets of about 10 shells).– Shells ranged in size from 3- to 10-inch.– Fired from vertical and tilted mortars.

• The average extent of shell drift correlates reasonably well with the time of flight of the shells.


• Shell drift results:

0

100

200

300

400

6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20

Average Time of Flight

Ave

rage

Drif

t Dis

tanc

e


• Average shell drift from elevated sites can be approximated by calculating their times of flight by modeling.

• The additional shell drift distances can then be used to determine the needed spectator separation distances.


• Added drift distance per 100 feet of mortar elevation above ground level:

– 3-inch shells = 14 feet per 100 feet of elevation.– 6-inch shells = 11 feet per 100 feet of elevation.– 12-inch shells = 9 feet per 100 feet of elevation.


• Assumption – Mortars are unlikely to be positioned more accurately than to within a +/- 5° tilt angle.

• The displacements resulting from a 5°mortar tilt as a function of elevation can be determined by modeling.

• The added displacement distance can be used to determine the needed spectator separation distance.


• Added distance because of 5° mortar tilt uncertainty per 100 feet of elevation:



• Assumption – The wind aloft may be as much as 20 mph.

• The displacement resulting from a 20 mph wind as a function of elevation can be determined by modeling.

• The added displacement distance can be used to determine the needed spectator separation distance.


• Added distance because of 20 mphwind per 100 feet of elevation:



• The three factors (drift, tilt angle, and wind) can combine constructively, their effects must be added together.

Added Distance per 100 feet of Elevation (feet)

Shell Size (in.)

Drift Angle Wind Total 3 14 4 20 40

6 11 4 14 30

12 9 4 10 25


• Recommendation – Independent of shell size, require an additional 40 feet of separation distance for each 100 feet of elevation.

• This approximately equalizes risk for various size shells.

–Larger shells need to have a lower likelihood of reaching spectators to balance the greater consequence of that event.


Elevation(in feet)

Radial Separation Distance (feet) for Shell Sizes

3-inch 4-inch 5-inch 6-inch 8-inch 10-inch 12-inch

0 to < 25 210 280 350 420 560 700 84025 to < 125 250 320 390 460 600 740 880125 to < 225 290 360 430 500 640 780 920225 to < 325 330 400 470 540 680 820 960325 to < 425 370 440 510 580 720 860 1000

425 to < 525 410 480 550 620 760 900 1040

525 to < 625 450 520 590 660 800 940 1080625 to < 725 490 560 630 700 840 980 1120725 to < 825 530 600 670 740 880 1020 1160825 to < 925 570 640 710 780 920 1060 1200925 to 1000 610 680 750 820 960 1100 1240


• To establish the minimum spectator separation distance for vertical mortars discharged from elevated sites:

– Draw a circle, centered on the discharge site, with a radius equal to the number in the previous table that corresponds to the elevation (above ground level) for the largest shell in the display.


•Two examples of the minimum separ-ation distances for vertical firings of 3-and 6-inchshells from sites atvariouselevationsabove ground level.

1000 ft

1000 ft

500 ft

500 ft

420 ft.210’

ground100 ft

3-Inch Shells

6-Inch Shells

Vertical Mortars from Elevated Sites

Angled Mortars – Ground Level

• The down range displacement resulting from various mortar tilts can be deter-mined by modeling.

• These displacement distances can then be used to determine the average point of fall for the various mortar tilt angles being used.


•Trajectories of 3-, 6-, and 12-inch shellsfired at a 30 degree mortar tilt angle.

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200 1400

3-Inch 6-Inch 12-Inch


• Average down range displacement distances (ground level and angled):

Average Down Range Displacement (feet) for Various Mortar Angles

Shell Size (in.)

0° 5° 10° 20° 30° 3 0 120 230 430 580

6 0 180 360 660 890 12 0 310 610 1130 1480


• To allow for aerial shells with muzzle velocities greater than 300 ft/s or weights greater than average, and attempting to mitigate the added riskassociated with large caliber shells:

1. Use multiples of the 5° displacement for each added 5° of mortar tilt.

2. Use progressively increased displacements for large caliber shells.


Down Range Displacement Distance (feet) for Shell Sizes Mortar Tilt (°) 3-inch 4-inch 5-inch 6-inch 8-inch 10-inch 12-inch0 to < 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 to < 7 120 150 180 210 260 300 340 7 to < 12 240 300 360 420 520 600 680

12 to < 17 360 450 540 630 780 900 1020 17 to < 22 480 600 720 840 1040 1200 1360 22 to < 27 600 750 900 1050 1300 1500 1700 27 to < 32 720 900 1080 1260 1560 1800 2040


• In a typical display, all but the largest shells are fired using a separation distance substantially greater than 70 feet per shell inch assuming the mortars are in the same general area.

– For example, if only 3- and 5-inch shells are fired, with display site of 350 foot radius, the effective separation distance for the 3-inch shells is actually more than 115 feet per shell inch.


• To equalize the risk between a typical display with vertical mortars from ground level and one with angled mortars, the separation distance for the angled mortars needs to be increased.

– It is recommended that the increase be from 70 feet per shell inch, up to 100 feet per shell inch for the shells fired from angled mortars.


• To establish the minimum separation distance for angled mortars at ground level:

1. Draw a circle, centered on the discharge site, with a radius of 70 feet per shell inch of the largest shell in the display.

2. Draw circles, at each point of fall for angled mortars (from the previous table), with a radius of 100 feet per shell inch for that size shell.

3. Draw tangent lines between the circles drawn.


•The minimum separation distance for a display firing 6-inch shells vertically and 3-inch shells fired at an angle of 20° toeach side.

300 f

t

420 f

t

480 ft

6-Inch Vertical

3-Inch at 20° Tilt

Some Tilted Mortars on Level Ground


• The minimum separation distance for a display firing 3-inch shells vertically and at an angle of 20 degrees to each side.

300 f

t

210 f

t

480 ft

3-Inch Vertical

3-Inch at 20° Tilt

Some Tilted Mortars on Level Ground

Angled & Elevated Mortars

•The down range displacement resulting from various mortar tilts can be deter-mined by modeling.

•The displacement distance can be used to determine the average point of fall for the various tilt angles considered.


•Trajectories - 6-inch shells - 30 degree -angle at 0, 500 and 1000 foot elevations.

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

0 200 400 600 800 1000 1200

Ground level

500 feet

1000 feet


• Average down range displacements for elevated and angled mortars:

Average Displacement (feet) for 30° Tilt and Various Elevations Shell

Size 0 Feet 100 feet 200 feet 1000 feet

3-inch 580 600 610 680 6-inch 890 920 940 1160

12-inch 1480 1520 1550 1730


• Minimum separation distance for angled mortars from elevated sites:

1. Determine the separation distance that would be required for the display if it were fired from ground level (see earlier table for angled mortars and instructions).

2. In all directions, increase the separation distance by the amount required for that display were it fired with vertical mortars from elevated sites (see earlier table for elevated mortars and instructions).


•The minimum separation distance for a 300 foot eleva-ted display firing 6-inch shells verti-cally and 3-inch shells at an angle of 20° to each side.

420

ft

540 ft

Ground Level

At 300 Feet Elevation

6-Inch Vertical Mortars and3-Inch Mortars at 20° Tilt

300 f

t

480 ft420 ft


• Purpose - Develop basic proposals for separation distance requirements (that maintain the current level of spectator safety) for the firing of aerial shells:

1. From vertical mortars from elevated launch sites. (Done.)

2. From angled mortars on level ground. (Done.)

3. From angled mortars from elevated launch sites.(Done.)


• Purpose - Does not include:1. Developing the specific text to be added to

NFPA-1123 presenting the separation distance requirements for firing shells from elevated sites and/or from angled mortars.

2. Developing proposals for other firework devices (e.g., mines, comets, Roman candles, etc.).


• Possible courses of action:1. Decide to proceed, but only for smaller shells,

lesser tilt angles and/or lesser elevations.2. Decide to proceed, but develop simpler

methods of setting minimum distance.3. Decide this is all too complicated and do

nothing (at least for now).4. Decide to proceed with some method, and

increase the current level of spectator risk by reducing the spectator separation distances recommended by this ballistics study.

Revised Chapter 5: Substantiation: The proposed revisions to this chapter fall into one or more of the following areas:

This chapter currently requires (in 5.2.1.4.1) that "The spectator separation distance specified in

5.2.1 is correspondingly increased in the direction of the angle", without providing guidance

regarding what constitutes an appropriate increased spectator separation distance as a function of

mortar angle. The proposed revisions address this need, as Annex A information, for both ground

level and elevated firing locations.

There are a number of requirements specified in this chapter that would be made explicit and thus

easier to implement by slightly modifying the text.

There are a few requirements specified in this chapter that would be made easier to implement by

providing some information in Annex A.

Chapter 5 Display Site Selection

5.1 General. The intent of this chapter shall be to provide requirements for clearances upon which the

AHJ bases its approval of an outdoor fireworks display site.

5.1.1 AHJ Discretion.

5.1.1.1 Where added safety precautions have been taken, or particularly favorable conditions exist, the

AHJ shall be permitted to decrease the required separation distances as it deems appropriate upon

demonstration that the hazard has been reduced or the risk has been protected.

5.1.1.2 Where unusual or safety-threatening conditions exist, The AHJ shall be permitted to increase the

required separation distances as it deems necessary.

5.1.2 Site Plan.

5.1.2.1 A site plan shall be submitted to the AHJ within a time period required by the AHJ prior to the

display.

5.1.2.2* The site plan shall include the dimensions of the display site and location of discharge site(s),

spectator viewing area(s), parking area(s), fallout area(s), and the associated separation distances.

A.5.1.2.2 By definition, the “display site” includes the discharge site, the fallout area, and the

required separation distances. Therefore, the dimensions of the display site, at a minimum, include a

fallout area that allows for the separation distances required for the fireworks planned in the display.

Generally, the display site and the fallout area can be considered the same thing; however, where the

fallout area is to be limited within a larger display site, the location and dimensions of the fallout

area should be included. Allowing the fallout area to be located anywhere in the display site offers

the greatest flexibility for on-site adjustments while maintaining required separation distances.

5.1.2.2.1 For display sites where fireworks are to be discharged from an elevation greater than 25 feet (7.5

m) above ground level (see 5.2.1.2), the elevation of the firing site(s) shall be included in the site plan.

Substantiation for 5.1.2.2.1 - Information in the site plan regarding the use of elevated firing locations is

needed for the AHJ to properly evaluate and approve the proposed spectator separation distances.

5.1.2.2.2 For display sites where fireworks are to be discharged at angles other than (a) to accommodate

for the effects of wind as provided for in paragraph 5.2.1.4.1, or (b) away from the main spectator area as

provided for in Table 5.1.3.1 and paragraphs 5.2.1.4.2 and 5.2.1.4.3, the location of the points of

discharge, the directions of firing and the firing tilt angles shall be included in the site plan.

Substantiation for 5.1.2.2.2 - Information in the site plan regarding the use of firing locations using

mortars angled for aesthetic reasons is needed for the AHJ to properly evaluate and approve the proposed

spectator separations distances.

5.1.2.3 After review of the site plan, the AHJ shall inspect the area depicted on the site plan. (See Annex B

for additional information.)

5.1.2.4 When trenches or holes are dug into the ground in order to place mortars, the operator shall

consult with the sponsor and the AHJ in order to locate any buried utility lines in the discharge site.

5.1.3* Minimum Site Size Requirements. The site for the outdoor land or water display shall have a

radius at least as great as specified for those items in the display with the greatest required radius.

A.5.1.3 Where more than one shooter is to manually ignite the aerial shells for an outdoor fireworks

display, the line of mortars should be separated in some manner, and only one shooter should be

igniting shells in each area.

Substantiation for A.5.1.3 - The text is modified only to make the intent more clear.

5.1.3.1 For aerial shells, the minimum required radius of the display site shall be 70 ft/in. (22 m/25 mm)

of the internal mortar diameter of the largest aerial shell to be fired, as shown in Table 5.1.3.1.

Deleted: lighting

a See 4.1.1. Note: The discharge of fireworks using mortars 12 in. (305 mm) in size requires the

approval of the AHJ.

b See 5.1.3.

c See 5.2.1.4.

d See 5.2.1.4. Note that for mortars angled away from the main spectator area, the minimum secured

diameter of the display site does not change. Only the location of the mortars within the secured area

changes when the mortars are angled away from the main spectator area.

e See 5.1.4. Note that this is only the distance to the special hazards. The minimum secured diameter

of the display site does not change.

Substantiation for Table 5.1.3.1 - The table note text is modified only to make the intent more

clear.

5.1.3.2 For non-splitting or non-bursting comets and mines containing only stars or non-splitting or non-

bursting comets, the minimum required radius of the display site shall be 35 ft/in. (11 m/25 mm) of the

internal mortar diameter of the largest comet or mine to be fired, one-half that shown in Table 5.1.3.1.

5.1.3.3 Minimum Radius for Chain-Fused Aerial Shells, Comets, and Mines.

5.1.3.3.1 For chain-fused aerial shells and comets and mines to be fired from mortars, racks, or other

holders that are sufficiently strong to prevent their being repositioned in the event of an explosive

malfunction of the aerial shells, comets, or mines, the minimum required radius of the display site shall be

the same as that required in 5.1.3.1 and 5.1.3.2. (See also Section 4.6.)

Substantiation for 5.1.3.3.1 - The text is modified only to make the intent more clear.

5.1.3.3.2 For chain-fused aerial shells and comets and mines to be fired from mortars, racks, or other

holders that are not sufficiently strong to prevent their being repositioned in the event of an explosive

malfunction of the aerial shells, comets, or mines, the minimum required radius of the display site shall be

double that required in 5.1.3.1 and 5.1.3.2. (See also Section 4.6.)


5.1.3.4 Roman Candles and Cakes.

5.1.3.4.1 For Roman candles and cakes, the minimum required radius of the display site shall be that

specified for chain-fused aerial shells, comets, or mines, depending on whether they produce aerial shell,

comet, or mine effects.


5.1.3.4.2 For Roman candles and cakes producing both aerial shell and comet or mine effects, the

minimum required radius of the display site shall be that for aerial shells.


5.1.3.4.3 During the firing of the display, cakes shall be located a minimum of 100 ft (30 m) from any

ready box and mortars to be reloaded.

5.1.3.5 Ground Display Pieces.

Deleted: mortars

5.1.3.5.1* For ground display pieces of low hazard potential, the minimum radius of the display site shall

be 75 ft (23 m).


A.5.1.3.5.1 Examples of ground display pieces of low hazard potential are items such as lancework,

gerbs or fountains, and illuminations.

5.1.3.5.2* For ground display pieces with greater hazard potential, the minimum radius of the display site

shall be 125 ft (38 m).


A.5.1.3.5.2 Examples of ground display pieces with greater hazard potential are items such as large

wheels with powerful drivers and items employing large salutes.

5.1.3.6 Equipment, including mortars, used as holders to support smaller devices such as Roman candles,

pre-loaded mines, and pre-loaded comets shall not be used to determine the radius or area of the display

site or the separation distances.

5.1.4 Other Site Requirements.

5.1.4.1* Distances from the point of discharge of any firework to a health care or detention and

correctional facility shall be at least twice the distances specified in 5.1.3.

A.5.1.4.1 See NFPA 101, Life Safety Code, for definitions of health care and detention and

correctional facilities.

5.1.4.2 The requirements of 5.1.4.1 shall not apply where approved by the AHJ and the health care or

detention and correctional facility.

5.1.4.3* The distance between the discharge site and bulk storage areas of materials that have a

flammability, explosive, or toxic hazard shall be twice that required by 5.1.3.

A.5.1.4.3 To determine whether materials are considered to possess these hazards, see NFPA’s Fire

Protection Guide to Hazardous Materials.

5.1.4.4 The fuel tanks on vehicles or other motorized equipment located in the display site shall not be

considered bulk storage.

5.1.4.5 No spectators or spectator parking areas shall be located within the display site.

5.1.4.6 Dwellings, buildings, and structures shall be permitted to be located within the display site with

the approval of the AHJ and the owner of the dwelling, building, or structure, provided that the dwelling,

building, or structure is unoccupied during the display, or if the structure provides protection for the

occupants through noncombustible or fire-resistant construction.

5.1.4.7 The area selected for the discharge of aerial shells shall be located so that the trajectory of the

shells shall not come within 25 ft (7.6 m) of any overhead object.

5.1.5 Fallout Area.

5.1.5.1* The fallout area shall be an open area.

A.5.1.5.1 The presence of a modest number of trees and shrubs should not be considered a safety

problem, provided that they are not so numerous as to make it significantly more difficult to locate

unexploded aerial shells or to pose a serious fire safety threat.

5.1.5.2 Spectators, unauthorized vehicles, watercraft, or readily combustible materials shall not be located

within the fallout area during the display.

5.1.6 Fire protection and other emergency response personnel and their vehicles shall remain at or beyond

the perimeter of the display site during the actual firing of the display.

5.2 Minimum Spectator Separation Distance Requirements.

5.2.1 The minimum spectator separation distance from the point of discharge of each firework shall be at

least as great as those specified in this section. Whenever the minimum required spectator separation

distances specified in this section cannot be met within the display site size requirements specified in

5.1.3, the size of the display site shall be enlarged sufficiently to meet the separation distance

requirements specified in this section.

Substantiation for 5.2.1 - The chapter as currently written separates the requirements for display site size

(in 5.1.3) and spectator separation distance (in 5.2) without acknowledging that in some situations the

display site will need to be enlarged to meet the required spectator separation distance. The new text

identifies this need.

5.2.1.1* For aerial shells and comets and mines, Roman candles, and cakes that are discharged vertically

from firing positions elevated 25 ft (7.6 m) or less above ground level, the minimum required spectator

separation distance shall be the same as the minimum required radius specified in 5.1.3, including Table

5.1.3.1.

A.5.2.1.1 Figure A.5.2.1.1 illustrates some of the requirements for a permitted display site where

mortars are placed vertically, such as might be the case for an electrically ignited display.

FIGURE A.5.2.1.1 Typical Layout for a Display Site with Vertically Positioned Mortars.

5.2.1.2* For aerial shells and comets and mines, Roman candles, and cakes that are discharged vertically

from firing positions elevated more than 25 ft (7.6 m) above ground level, the minimum required

spectator separation distance required by 5.2.1.1 shall be increased by 25 ft (7.6 m) and an additional 25 ft

(7.6 m) for each 100 ft (30 m) of elevation.

A.5.2.1.2 The increased spectator separation distance for elevated mortars allows for a wind speed

aloft of up to approximately 10 mph (16 km/hr).

Substantiation for A.5.2.1.2 - The text is modified only to make the intent more clear.

5.2.1.3 For ground display pieces and mines containing only stars or non-splitting or non-bursting comets

fired vertically from any elevation, the minimum required spectator separation distance from the point of

discharge shall be the same as the minimum display site radius specified in 5.1.3.

5.2.1.4 Angling of Mortars.

5.2.1.4.1* Aerial shells, comets and mines, and Roman candles and cakes shall be permitted to be angled

as needed to adjust for the effects of wind on the fallout of dud aerial shells.

Substantiation for 5.2.1.4.1* - (The text of the original 5.2.1.4.1 is separated into multiple paragraphs to

better address the different requirements for angled mortars under various situations.) Minor angling of

mortars to compensate for the effects of minor wind on the fallout of dud shells has always been allowed.

The new text specifically acknowledges this fact.

A.5.2.1.4.1 For typical aerial shells, a mortar tilt angle of approximately 1.5 degrees for each 5 mph

of wind speed aloft is sufficient to correct for the fallout of dud shells. However, this mortar angling

has little effect on the fallout of other hazardous debris from the firing of aerial shells, comets and

mines, and Roman candles and cakes.

Substantiation for A.5.2.1.4.1 - Mortar tilt angle information is supplied because display operators

with limited experience often seriously over compensate for minor wind effects on the fallout of dud

shells. Often this is done in a misguided attempt to also compensate for the effects of wind on the

fallout of other debris from functioning aerial shells. The tilt angle information being provided is

derived from a combination of actual field testing and computer modeling based on current aerial

shell parameters (shell mass, lift charge amount, air density, etc.).


if the dud shells or components are projected away from the main spectator area, and the location of the

mortars are offset as specified in Table 5.1.3.1.

Substantiation for 5.2.1.4.2 - The text of the original 5.2.1.4.1 is separated into multiple paragraphs to

better address the different requirements for angled mortars under various situations.

A.5.2.1.4.2 The purpose of this type of mortar angling is to project the fireworks and dangerous fallout

away from the firing crew during a manually ignited display, and away from the storage area(s) for the

fireworks during a display when mortars are being reloaded. Figure A.5.2.1.4.2 illustrates some of the

requirements for a permitted display site where mortars are to be angled away from the main spectator

Deleted: component

Deleted: 1

Deleted: either of the following requirements is satisfied:¶

(1) T

Deleted: carried

Deleted: is followed

Deleted: 1

Deleted: and

area and the mortars are offset (shown as d in the figure) up to one-third the separation distance toward

the spectators as specified in Table 5.1.3.1.

FIGURE A.5.2.1.4.2 Typical Layout for a Display Site Using Mortars Angled Away form the

Main Spectator Area. The distance, d, should be at least one-sixth but not more than one-third

the radius of the circle, indicating the minimum distance to the secured boundary.

Substantiation for A.5.2.1.4.2 - It is useful to make it clear why this type of mortar angling was

provided for (originally in the 1986 ) and to make it clear that this mortar angling is only for tilt

angles away from the main spectator area.

5.2.1.4.3* If the offset provided in Table 5.1.3.1 is followed, the mortars or tubes shall be angled so that

any dud shells or components fall at a point approximately equal to the offset of the mortars or tubes from

the otherwise required discharge point but in the opposite direction.


better address the different requirements for angled mortars under various situations.

A5.2.1.4.3 For typical aerial shells, a mortar tilt angle of approximately 8 degrees is required to

achieve the full one-third displacements of mortar location and the center of the fallout area from the

center of the display site.

Substantiation for A.5.2.1.4.3 - Mortar tilt angle information is supplied because display operators

with limited experience often have no idea what mortar tilt angle is needed to cause dud shells to

fallout at the required location. The tilt angle information being provided is derived from a

combination of actual field testing and computer modeling based on current aerial shell parameters

(shell mass, lift charge amount, air density, etc.).


for esthetic effect if the spectator separation distance specified in 5.2.1 is correspondingly increased in the

direction of the mortar tilt angle.

Deleted: 1

Deleted: Angled

Deleted: 2

Deleted: 1

Deleted: if either of the following requirements is satisfied:

Deleted: (2) T


better address the different requirements for angled mortars under various situations. The text is modified

only to make the intent more clear.

A5.2.1.4.4 One procedure for determining the minimum separation distance for displays using

mortars angled for aesthetic effect is described herein. Following this description, three examples are

provided to help clarify the procedure.

(1) Using Table 5.1.3.1, determine the minimum secured diameter of the site in proximity of the

mortars, for the largest mortar size to be used in the display. (This is the same minimum

secured diameter of a site using only vertically placed mortars fired from ground level.)

(2) Using Table A.5.2.1.4.4, determine the greatest down-range displacement of dud shells fired

from the mortars angled for aesthetic effect, considering both the mortar sizes and their tilt

angles being used. Do this in each direction toward which those mortars are tilted.

(3) At each point of down-range displacement of dud shells fired from the mortars angled for

aesthetic effect, provide a spectator separation distance of 100 ft/in (30m/25mm) of the

internal mortar diameter of the aerial shell(s) to be fired down-range in this direction.

(4) Connect the minimum secured diameter circles with tangent lines.

(5) If any of the mortars are elevated more than 25 ft (7.5 m) above ground level, increase the

minimum spectator separation distance for the shells fired from those mortars as required in

5.2.1.2.

Table A5.2.1.4.4 Down-Range Displacement of Dud Shells Fired from Mortars Angled for

Aesthetic Effect.

Mortar Size a Dud Shell Displacements for Mortar Tilt Angles as Specified b

3º to 7º 8º to 12º 13º to 17º 18º to 22º 23º to 27º 28º to 32º

in. mm ft m ft m ft m ft m ft m ft m

≤ 1 ≤ 25 30 60 90 120 150 180

1.5 38 45 90 135 180 225 270

2 50 60 120 180 240 300 360

2.5 63 75 150 225 300 375 450

3 76 90 180 270 360 450 540

4 102 115 225 340 450 565 675

5 127 135 270 405 540 675 810

6 152 160 315 475 630 790 950

a See 4.1.1. Note: The discharge of fireworks using angled mortars in. ( mm) in size

requires the approval of the AHJ.

b Angles are specified to the nearest one degree. Mortar tilt angles ≤ 2 degrees do not require

added spectator separation distances. The use of mortar tilt angles greater than 32 degrees require

the approval of the AHJ.

Example 1: For a display consisting of up to 3 in (76 mm) aerial shells, but with some of the 3 in

(76 mm) mortars angled 20 degrees to both the right and left, the minimum spectator separation

distance is as shown in Figure A5.2.1.4.4(a).

Figure A5.2.1.4.4(a) The Minimum Spectator Separation Distance for a Display Consisting of

up to 3 in (75 mm) Aerial Shells, with Some 3 in (75 mm) Mortars Angled 20 Degrees to Both

the Right and Left.

Example 2: For a display consisting of up to 6 in. (152 mm) shells fired from vertical mortars, but

with some of the mortars firing 3 in. (76 mm) shells angled 20 degrees to both the right and left, the

minimum spectator separation distance is as shown in Figure A5.2.1.4.4(b).

Figure A5.2.1.4.4(b) The Minimum Spectator Separation Distance for a Display Consisting of

up to 6 in. (152 mm) Aerial Shells Fired from Vertical Mortars, and with Some 3 in. (76 mm)

Shells Fired from Mortars Angled 20 Degrees to Both the Right and Left.

Example 3: For a display fired from a site 300 ft (91 m) above ground level, consisting of up to 6 in.

(152 mm) shells fired from vertical mortars, but with some of the mortars firing 3 in. (76 mm) shells

angled 20 degrees to the both right and left, the minimum spectator separation distance is as shown

in Figure A5.2.1.4.4(c).

Figure A5.2.1.4.4(c) The Minimum Spectator Separation Distance for a Display Fired from a

Site 300 ft (91 m) Above Ground Level, Consisting of up to 6 in. (152 mm) Aerial Shells Fired

from Vertical Mortars, and with Some 3 in. (76 mm) Shells Fired from Mortars Angled 20

Degrees to Both the Right and Left.

Substantiation for A.5.2.1.4.4 - This rather long Annex Note is included to suggest one possible

method of achieving spectator separation distances that are "correspondingly increased in the

direction of the (mortar) angle". Also included in this Annex Note are three examples of how this

method might be implemented. (The distance information being provided is derived from a

combination of actual field testing and computer modeling. This was done using parameters (shell

mass, lift charge amount, air density, bore balloting, etc.) representing approximately those values

resulting in the 50th percentile down range dud shell fallout distances.)

5.3 Tents.

5.3.1 Tents shall not be located within the discharge site during the display.

5.3.2 Where tents are permitted in the fallout area by the operator and AHJ, such tents shall not be

occupied during the display.


7.2.3

Other dwellings, buildings, and structures shall be permitted to be located within the display site, providedall the following requirements are met:

(1) Approval of the AHJ

(2) Approval of the owner of the dwelling, building, or structure

(3) Assurance that the dwelling, building, or structure is unoccupied during the display, or the occupantsare protected by the dwelling, building, or structure or other means

(4) Notification to the responding local fire department if other than the AHJ.


In some instances the authority having jurisdiction is a separate agency than the local responding fire department. In those cases the fire department should be notified and aware of the fact that dwellings, buildings, or structures may be allowed in the display site and be prepared to respond to any emergency; especially since we are dealing with fireworks displays on rooftops or other limited egress locations with the potential fire hazard and life safety issues involved.


Submitter Full Name: Bill Galloway

Organization: Southern Regional Fire Code De

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12 of 25 7/8/2015 12:16 PM


8.1.1 *

The sponsor shall consult with the AHJ, the local responding fire department if different than the AHJ, andthe operator to determine the level of fire protection required.


In some instances the authority having jurisdiction is a separate agency than the local responding fire department. In those instances the local responding fire department will understand their response capabilities and should be involved in the planning and decision process along with the AHJ and the operator.


Submitter Full Name: Bill Galloway

Organization: Southern Regional Fire Code De

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13 of 25 7/8/2015 12:16 PM


8.1.3.4 *

During the During HAND firing of the display, all personnel in the discharge site shall wear the following:

(1) Head protection

(2) Eye protection

(3) Hearing protection

(4) Foot protection

(5) Cotton, wool, or similarly flame-resistant, long-sleeved, long-legged clothing

8.1.3.5 *

During ELECTRONIC firing of the display, all personnel in the discharge site shall wear the following aslong as the firing controller is located no closer than 150 feet from the nearest display item:

(1) Eye protection

(2) Hearing protection

(3) Cotton, wool, or similarly flame-resistant, long-sleeved, long-legged clothing


During electronically fired displays, the extra PPA is not required as long as there is a 150 foot or greater cable distance.


Submitter Full Name: JASON GARBUS


Street Address:

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Submittal Date: Wed Feb 12 15:07:54 EST 2014


14 of 25 7/8/2015 12:16 PM


8.1.3.5

Personal protective equipment (PPE), as necessary based on the task being performed , shall be worn bythe operator and assistants during the setup and cleanup of the display.


Uses terminology from OSHA to place the PPE requirements on the company not the AHJ.


Submitter Full Name: John Chartier

Organization: Northeastern Regional Fire Cod

Street Address:

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Submittal Date: Thu Oct 02 15:08:14 EDT 2014


15 of 25 7/8/2015 12:16 PM


10.3.1*

Prior to performing the fireworks display, the operator, supplier, or sponsor shall obtain a display permit fromthe AHJ.

10.3.1.1

If the display permit is denied by the AHJ, the AHJ shall notify the permit applicant and specify in writingthe reasons for the denial of the display permit.

10.3.1.1.1

The permit applicant shall be entitled to resubmit the display permit application to address the reasonsspecified by the AHJ in the denial of the display permit.


The two new sections under 10.3.1 ensure that the permit applicant is communicated with by the AHJ and that the applicant has the opportunity to address any concerns raised by the AHJ. These are reasonable constraints on the AHJ and are an appropriate level of customer service that the permit applicant should expect.




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10.3.1*

Prior to performing the fireworks display, the operator , supplier, or sponsor shall obtain a display permitfrom the AHJ.


Responsibility for permitting needs to rest with the operator of the show. The operator is the one that is responsible for showing compliance with NFPA 1123 and documenting such compliance in the permit application. The sponsor or supplier is not a license holder or the individual that the AHJ is determining to be competent in establishing the parameters of the show for compliance with NFPA 1123.




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10.3.4

The AHJ shall meet all the requirements of Section Chapter 10 .3 if the AHJ acts as the operator of thedisplay.


If the AHJ acts as the operator, the AHJ should be responsible for compliance with all of Chapter 10 including licensing and other qualifications. The way the language currently reads, it infers that the AHJ only had to qualify with 10.3 and 10.1 along with 10.2 is not applicable. There is no valid reason to exempt an AHJ from 10.1 an 10.2 so it should be clear that those provisions also apply.




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18 of 25 7/8/2015 12:16 PM

Public Input No. 3-NFPA 1123-2013 [ Section No. A.3.3.11 ]

A.3.3.11 Fallout Area.

The shells burst over the area, and unsafe debris and malfunctioning aerial shells fall into this area. Thefallout area is the location where a typical aerial shell dud falls to the ground, depending on the wind andthe angle of mortar placement. The term does not include areas where cardboard and nonhazardousremnants of detonated pyrotechnic devices may fall to the ground.


The added language in the PI clarifies that the fallout area is not intended to be the only area were debris will potentially fall. The intent of "fallout area" is to only address the area where unsafe and undetonated devices may fall to the ground. Floating cardboard and other burned powder is not intended to be limited to the fallout area. This type of debris may fall to the ground outside the fallout area.




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19 of 25 7/8/2015 12:16 PM

Public Input No. 8-NFPA 1123-2013 [ New Section after A.9.5.2.1 ]

A,10.1.2 Applications for license based on experience as an assistant should demonstrate that theassistant actively participated with the operator in the operation and safety of fireworks displays. Thisexperience should represent to the AHJ that the operator mentored the assistant in developing their skillsas a future operator.


Experience as a assistant is insufficient to demonstrate competency. Assistance could just mean that the member participated as part of crew setup. Appropriate experience in qualifying as an operator should mean that the assistant was, in effect, mentored and utilized a co-operator in the shows that are being used to qualify the prospective operator.



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B.1 Permit Application.

The following are recommended elements to be included in the permit application for outdoor display offireworks:

(1) Application for permit to operate a display of outdoor fireworks in conformance with the terms of_______ of the General Laws of _______ should be made in writing on forms provided by the AHJ.

(2) Such application should provide the following information:

(a) The name, address, email address, and phone number of the individual, group, or organizationsponsoring the outdoor fireworks display.

(b) The name, address, email address, and phone number of the supplier of the fireworks, if differentfrom that of the operator.

(c) Evidence of financial responsibility by the sponsor of the event or festival and by the operator ofthe fireworks display. This could take the form of an insurance certificate or other documentattesting to coverage or responsibility.

(d) The date and time of day at which the outdoor fireworks display is to be held, with a proposedrain/wind date and time in the event the display is postponed.

(e) The exact location planned for the outdoor fireworks display.

(f) Confirmation of the license of the operator and the number of assistants who are to be present.

(g) The approximate number and kinds of fireworks to be discharged.

(h) The manner and place of storage of such fireworks prior to delivery to the outdoor fireworksdisplay site.

(i) A diagram of the grounds on which the outdoor fireworks display is to be held, showing the pointat which the fireworks are to be discharged; the location of all buildings, highways, and otherlines of communication; the lines behind which the audience is to be restrained; and the locationof other possible overhead obstructions.

(3) Upon receipt of such application _______ days in advance of the date set for this outdoor fireworksdisplay, the AHJ should make or initiate an investigation of the site of the proposed display for thepurpose of determining compliance with these regulations in the case of the particular display.

(4) The AHJ shall approve or deny the permit application with comments provided to the permit applicant.If the application is denied, the denial shall specify the specific reasons for the denial so that thepermit applicant can attempt to address the reasons for a denial with a resubmitted permitapplication.


The AHJ should be responsible for communicating with the permit applicant on the status of the permit application. if a permit is denied, the applicant should be entitled to the know the reasons for denial and have an opportunity to respond to the denial.




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22 of 25 7/8/2015 12:16 PM


B.1 Permit Application.

The following are recommended elements to be included in the permit application for outdoor display offireworks:

(1) Application for permit to operate a display of outdoor fireworks in conformance with the terms of_______ of the General Laws of _______ should be made in writing on forms provided by the AHJ.

(2) Such application should provide the following information:

(a) The name, address, email address, and phone number of the individual, group, or organizationsponsoring the outdoor fireworks display.

(b) The name, address, email address, and phone number of the supplier of the fireworks, if differentfrom that of the operator.

(c) Evidence of financial responsibility by the sponsor of the event or festival and by the operator ofthe fireworks display. This could take the form of an insurance certificate or other documentattesting to coverage or responsibility.

(d) The date and time of day at which the outdoor fireworks display is to be held, with a proposedrain/wind date and time in the event the display is postponed.

(e) The exact location planned for the outdoor fireworks display.

(f) Confirmation of the license of the operator and the number of assistants who are to be present.

(g) The approximate number and kinds of fireworks to be discharged.

(h) The manner and place of storage of such fireworks prior to delivery to the outdoor fireworksdisplay site.

(i) A diagram of the grounds on which the outdoor fireworks display is to be held, showing the pointat which the fireworks are to be discharged; the location of display site; the approximatedistances from mortars to spectator viewing areas; the location and approximate distances of allbuildings, highways, and other lines of communication; the lines behind which the audience is tobe restrained; and the how the audience is to be restrained; and the location of other possibleoverhead obstructions.

(3) Upon receipt of such application _______ days in advance of the date set for this outdoor fireworksdisplay, the AHJ should make or initiate an investigation of the site of the proposed display for thepurpose of determining compliance with these regulations in the case of the particular display.


The added information in the PI is necessary for the AHJ to determine if the permit application is in compliance with the provisions of NFPA 1123.




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23 of 25 7/8/2015 12:16 PM

Public Input No. 5-NFPA 1123-2013 [ Section No. C.1.3 ]

C.1.3

A requirement of licensing is that the applicant has provided evidence of actively participating in theperformance of at least five outdoor fireworks displays as a co-lead shooter . At the option of the issuingoffice, an alternate requirement can be substituted.


Participating as part of crew setup does not qualify an individual with field experience enough to achieve a license. In order to qualify as license training, the prospective licensee needs to have direct experience as the co-lead as the display operator. This direct mentoring is key in order to establish competency.




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24 of 25 7/8/2015 12:16 PM

Public Input No. 4-NFPA 1123-2013 [ Section No. C.2.2 ]

C.2.2

Renewal of the license should be automatic upon provision of proof of actively participating in at least threeoutdoor fireworks displays and eight (8) hours of continuing education during the prior 4 years.


Continuing education is a key component to ensuring that an operator is aware of new technologies, safety advances and code changes. Eight hours is specified in the existing PGI certification renewal program.




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25 of 25 7/8/2015 12:16 PM

Public Input No. 1-NFPA 1127-2014 [ Chapter 2 ]

Chapter 2 Referenced Publications

2.1 General.

The documents or portions thereof listed in this chapter are referenced within this code and shall beconsidered part of the requirements of this document.

2.2 NFPA Publications.

National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471.

NFPA 1122, Code for Model Rocketry, 2013 edition .

NFPA 1123, Code for Fireworks Display,2010 edition 2014 .

NFPA 1125, Code for the Manufacture of Model Rocket and High Power Rocket Motors,2012 edition2017 .

NFPA 1126, Standard for the Use of Pyrotechnics Before a Proximate Audience,2011 edition 2016 .

2.3 Other Publications.

2.3.1 U.S. Government Publications.

U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

Title 14, Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter 1, Subchapter F, Part 101, Subparts A and C, “FederalAviation Administration Regulations,” or revisions or amendments thereto.

Title 27, Code of Federal Regulations, Chapter II, Subchapter C, Part 555, Paragraphs 555.1–555.224,“Commerce in Explosives.”

Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 178, “Specifications for Packagings.”

Title 49, United States Code, Section 1348, 72 Statute 749, Section 307, “Airspace Control and Facilities.”

2.3.2 Other Publications.

Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition, Merriam-Webster, Inc., Springfield, MA, 2003.

2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections.

NFPA 495, Explosive Materials Code,2010 edition 2013 .

NFPA 1122, Code for Model Rocketry, 2013 edition .

NFPA 1125, Code for the Manufacture of Model Rocket and High Power Rocket Motors,2012 edition2017 .


Referenced current editions.

Related Public Inputs for This Document

Related Input Relationship

Public Input No. 2-NFPA 1127-2014 [Chapter D]




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1 of 10 7/7/2015 1:42 PM

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Submittal Date: Thu Jul 10 01:15:10 EDT 2014


2 of 10 7/7/2015 1:42 PM


4.5.3

A reloadable high power rocket motor shall not be altered except as allowed by the manufacturer and shallbe certified by a recognized testing organization acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction to meet thecertification requirements set forth in NFPA 1125, Code for the Manufacture of Model Rocket and HighPower Rocket Motors .


References to certification of high power rocket motors in this paragraph are unnecessary and redundant to the requirements already stated in 4.5.1 that only certified high power motors may be used, and to the requirements for recognition of the certification organization that are already stated in NFPA 1125 and that belong in that code, not in a consumer user code like NFPA 1127.



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3 of 10 7/7/2015 1:42 PM


TITLE OF NEW CONTENT

Type your content here ...4.13.5.1 An ignition device may be installed into a vented hybrid rocket motor atany time.


Some types of hybrid rocket motor require installation of the ignition device during assembly and there is no way to postpone that installation. Motors of this type have been certified for some time (Rattworks K240 for example) and are in use.

Vented hybrid rocket motors are not filled with oxidizer until they are at the pad. 4.5.6 requires that the same minimum safe distance be used during filling as during launching. Because the rocket motor is non-propulsive until filled with oxidizer, this creates no safety hazard.


Submitter Full Name: DAVID SCHULTZ

Organization: N/A

Affilliation: none

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Submittal Date: Fri Jan 30 13:50:26 EST 2015


4 of 10 7/7/2015 1:42 PM


4.17.3

No person shall operate a high power rocket in a manner that is hazardous to aircraft.\4.17.3.1 Any high power rocket that can exceed the height of 300 feet shall not launch or operate suchdevice within a 2 mile radius of any airport.

4.17.3.2 Any high power rocket launch site located within 4 miles of any airport boundary to the outsideedge of such launch site shall first obtain FAA approval. Such site shall be approved by both the FAA andAHJ prior to operations.


Existing language in 4.17.3 allows the operator to use their own judgment of what “hazardous” means. Adding the distance and approval language will allow that determination to be made by the AHJ and FAA.


Submitter Full Name: Kelly Nicolello

Organization: Western Regional Fire Code Dev

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Submittal Date: Tue Oct 21 16:18:05 EDT 2014


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6 of 10 7/7/2015 1:42 PM

B.2


7 of 10 7/7/2015 1:42 PM

The following is excerpted from the Model Rocket Safety Code.

1. Certification. I will only fly high power rockets or possess high power rocket motors that are within thescope of my user certification and required licensing.

2. Materials. I will use only lightweight materials such as paper, wood, rubber, plastic, fiberglass, or whennecessary ductile metal, for the construction of my rocket.

3. Motors. I will use only certified, commercially made rocket motors, and will not tamper with thesemotors or use them for any purposes except those recommended by the manufacturer. I will not allowsmoking, open flames, nor heat sources within 25 ft of these motors.

4. Ignition System. I will launch my rockets with an electrical launch system, and with electrical motorigniters that are installed in the motor only after my rocket is at the launch pad or in a designated preppingarea. My launch system will have a safety interlock that is in series with the launch switch that is notinstalled until my rocket is ready for launch, and will use a launch switch that returns to the “off” positionwhen released. If my rocket has onboard ignition systems for motors or recovery devices, these will havesafety interlocks that interrupt the current path until the rocket is at the launch pad.

5. Misfires. If my rocket does not launch when I press the button of my electrical launch system, I willremove the launcher's safety interlock or disconnect its battery, and will wait 60 seconds after the lastlaunch attempt before allowing anyone to approach the rocket.

6. Launch Safety. I will use a 5-second countdown before launch. I will ensure that no person is closer tothe launch pad than allowed by the accompanying Minimum Distance Table, and that a means is availableto warn participants and spectators in the event of a problem. I will check the stability of my rocket beforeflight and will not fly it if it cannot be determined to be stable.

7. Launcher. I will launch my rocket from a stable device that provides rigid guidance until the rocket hasattained a speed that ensures a stable flight, and that is pointed to within 20 degrees of vertical. If the windspeed exceeds 5 mph I will use a launcher length that permits the rocket to attain a safe velocity beforeseparation from the launcher. I will use a blast deflector to prevent the motor's exhaust from hitting theground. I will ensure that dry grass is cleared around each launch pad in accordance with theaccompanying Minimum Distance table, and will increase this distance by a factor of 1.5 if the rocket motorbeing launched uses titanium sponge in the propellant.

8. Size. My rocket will not contain any combination of motors that total more than 40,960 N-sec (9208lb-sec) of total impulse. My rocket will not weigh more at liftoff than one-third of the certified average thrustof the high power rocket motor(s) intended to be ignited at launch.

9. Flight Safety. I will not launch my rocket at targets, into clouds, near airplanes, nor on trajectories thattake it directly over the heads of spectators or beyond the boundaries of the launch site, and will not putany flammable or explosive payload in my rocket. I will not launch my rockets if wind speeds exceed 20mph. I will comply with Federal Aviation Administration airspace regulations when flying, and will ensurethat my rocket will not exceed any applicable altitude limit in effect at that launch site.

10. Launch Site. I will launch my rocket outdoors, in an open area where trees, power lines, buildings, andpersons not involved in the launch do not present a hazard, and that is at least as large on its smallestdimension as one-half of the maximum altitude to which rockets are allowed to be flown at that site or 1500ft, whichever is greater.

11. Launcher Location. My launcher will be 1500 ft from any inhabited building, or from any publichighway on which traffic flow exceeds 10 vehicles per hour, not including traffic flow related to the launch.It will also be no closer than the appropriate Minimum Personnel Distance from the accompanying tablefrom any boundary of the launch site.

12. Recovery System. I will use a recovery system such as a parachute in my rocket so that all parts ofmy rocket return safely and undamaged and can be flown again, and I will use only flame-resistant orfireproof recovery system wadding in my rocket.

13. Recovery Safety. I will not attempt to recover my rocket from power lines, tall trees, or otherdangerous places, fly it under conditions where it is likely to recover in spectator areas or outside thelaunch site, nor attempt to catch it as it approaches the ground. (See Table B.2.)

Table B.2 Minimum Distance Table

Installed TotalImpulse

Equivalent HighPower Motor

Type

MinimumDiameter of

Cleared Area (ft)

MinimumPersonnel

Distance (ft)

Minimum PersonnelDistance (Complex

Rocket) (ft)


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(N-sec)

0–320.00 H or smaller 50 100 200

320.01–640.00 I 50 100 200

640.01–1,280.00 J 50 100 200

1,280.01–2,560.00 K 75 200 300

2,560.01–5,120.00 L 100 300 500

5,120.01–10,240.00 M 125 500 1000

10,240.01–20,480.00 N 125 1000 1500

20,480.01–40,960.00 O 125 1500 2000

Note: A complex rocket is one that is multi-staged or that is propelled by two or more rocket motors.

Source: National Association of Rocketry.



NAR_High_Power_Safety_Code_Aug_2012_.docLatest edition of the High Power Rocketry Safety Code of the National Association of Rocketry


Appendix B of NFPA 1127 contains a version of the High Power Rocket Safety Code of the National Association of Rocketry that has been superseded by a new revised edition. This revised edition has been provided as an attachment and should replace the edition currently listed in NFPA 1127 Appendix B in its entirety.



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9 of 10 7/7/2015 1:42 PM

NAR High Power Rocket Safety Code

Effective August 2012

1. Certification. I will only fly high power rockets or possess high power rocket

motors that are within the scope of my user certification and required licensing.

2. Materials. I will use only lightweight materials such as paper, wood, rubber, plastic,

fiberglass, or when necessary ductile metal, for the construction of my rocket.

3. Motors. I will use only certified, commercially made rocket motors, and will not

tamper with these motors or use them for any purposes except those recommended

by the manufacturer. I will keep smoking, open flames, and heat sources at least 25 feet away from these motors.

4. Ignition System. I will launch my rockets with an electrical launch system, and with

electrical motor igniters that are installed in the motor only after my rocket is at the

launching or prepping area. My launch system will have a safety interlock that is in

series with the launch switch that is not installed until my rocket is ready for launch,

and will use a launch switch that returns to the "off" position when released. The

function of onboard energetics and firing circuits will be inhibited except when my

rocket is in the launching position.

5. Misfires. If my rocket does not launch when I press the button of my electrical

launch system, I will remove the launcher's safety interlock or disconnect its battery,

and will wait 60 seconds after the last launch attempt before allowing anyone to approach the rocket.

6. Launch Safety. I will use a 5-second countdown before launch. I will ensure that a

means is available to warn participants and spectators in the event of a problem. I

will ensure that no person is closer to the launch pad than allowed by the

accompanying Minimum Distance Table. When arming onboard energetics and firing

circuits I will ensure that no person is at the pad except safety personnel and those

required for arming and disarming operations. I will check the stability of my rocket

before flight and will not fly it if it cannot be determined to be stable. When

conducting a simultaneous launch of more than one high power rocket I will observe the additional requirements of NFPA 1127.

7. Launcher. I will launch my rocket from a stable device that provides rigid guidance

until the rocket has attained a speed that ensures a stable flight, and that is pointed

to within 20 degrees of the vertical. If the wind speed exceeds 5 miles per hour I

will use a launcher length that permits the rocket to attain a safe velocity before

separation from the launcher. I will use a blast deflector to prevent the motor's

exhaust from hitting the ground. I will ensure that there is no dry grass within a

clear distance of each launch pad determined by the accompanying Minimum

Distance table, and will increase this distance by a factor of 1.5 and clear that area

of all combustible material if the rocket motor being launched uses titanium sponge in the propellant.

8. Size. My rocket will not contain any combination of motors that total more than

40,960 N-sec (9208 pound-seconds) of total impulse. My rocket will not weigh more

at liftoff than one-third of the certified average thrust of the high power rocket motor(s) intended to be ignited at launch.

9. Flight Safety. I will not launch my rocket at targets, into clouds, near airplanes, or

on trajectories that take it directly over the heads of spectators or beyond the

boundaries of the launch site, and will not put any flammable or explosive payload in

my rocket. I will not launch my rockets if wind speeds exceed 20 miles per hour. I

will comply with Federal Aviation Administration airspace regulations when flying,

and will ensure that my rocket will not exceed any applicable altitude limit in effect at that launch site.

10. Launch Site. I will launch my rocket outdoors, in an open area where trees, power

lines, occupied buildings, and persons not involved in the launch do not present a

hazard, and that is at least as large on its smallest dimension as one-half of the

maximum altitude to which rockets are allowed to be flown at that site or 1500 feet,

whichever is greater, or 1000 feet for rockets with a combined total impulse of less

than 160 N-sec, a total liftoff weight of less than 1500 grams, and a maximum expected altitude of less than 610 meters (2000 feet).

11. Launcher Location. My launcher will be at least one half the minimum launch site

dimension, or 1500 feet (whichever is greater) from any occupied building, or from

any public highway on which traffic flow exceeds 10 vehicles per hour, not including

traffic flow related to the launch. It will also be no closer than the appropriate

Minimum Personnel Distance from the accompanying table from any boundary of the launch site.

12. Recovery System. I will use a recovery system such as a parachute in my rocket so

that all parts of my rocket return safely and undamaged and can be flown again, and

I will use only flame-resistant or fireproof recovery system wadding in my rocket.

13. Recovery Safety. I will not attempt to recover my rocket from power lines, tall

trees, or other dangerous places, fly it under conditions where it may recover in

spectator areas or outside the launch site, or attempt to catch it as it approaches the ground.

MINIMUM DISTANCE TABLE

Installed Total

Impulse (N-sec)

Equivalent

Motor Type

Minimum

Clear

Distance (ft.)

Minimum

Personnel

Distance (ft.)

Minimum Personnel

Distance

(Complex Rocket) (ft.)

0 - 320.00 H or smaller 50 100 200

320.01 - 640.00 I 50 100 200

640.01 - 1280.00 J 50 100 200

1280.01 - 2560.00 K 75 200 300

2560.01 - 5120.00 L 100 300 500

5120.01 - 10,240.00 M 125 500 1000

10,240.01 - 20,480.00 N 125 1000 1500

20,480.01 - 40,960.00 O 125 1500 2000

Note: A complex rocket is one that is multi-staged or that is propelled by two or

more rocket motors

Public Input No. 2-NFPA 1127-2014 [ Chapter D ]

Annex D Informational References

D.1 Referenced Publications.

The documents or portions thereof listed in this annex are referenced within the informational sections ofthis code and are not part of the requirements of this document unless also listed in Chapter 2 for otherreasons.

D.1.1 NFPA Publications. (Reserved)

D.1.2 Other Publications.

D.1.2.1 NAR Publications.


High Power Rocket Safety Code, 2008 2012 .

Model Rocket Safety Code, 2001 2012 .

D.1.2.2 U.S. Government Publications.

U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402.

ATF Rul. 2005–3 U.S. Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, & Firearms (ATF), November 25, 2005.

Title 49, Code of Federal Regulations, Part 173.50, U.S. Department of Transportation.

D.2 Informational References.

D.2.1 NAR Publications.


Comprehensive CAR/NAR/TRA Rocket Motor Certification List.

D.2.2 TRA Publications.

Tripoli Rocketry Association, Inc., P.O. Box 970010, Orem, UT 84097.

Comprehensive CAR/NAR/TRA Rocket Motor Certification List.

D.3 References for Extracts in Informational Sections.

NFPA 495, Explosive Materials Code, 2010 edition 2013 .


Referenced current editions.

Related Public Inputs for This Document

Related Input Relationship

Public Input No. 1-NFPA 1127-2014 [Chapter 2] Referenced current editions.




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Submittal Date: Thu Jul 10 02:08:36 EDT 2014


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