take home test presentation
TRANSCRIPT
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TAKE HOME TESTPRESENTATION
ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATIONPRESENTOR
AHMAD AHAD ASRI
MOHAMMAD RIZAL YAACOB NOI
NUR SYAKIRAH SHAMSULZAMAN
NURUL AMANINA OTHMAN
NUR ADIBAH AHMAD
SHAHIRAH ALIZAMAN
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What is meant by environmental
degradation?What measures should be adopted
both national and international
levels to protects the environment?
QUESTION
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Introduction
What is environmental degradation?
the deterioration of the environment
through depletion of resources such as air,
water and soil which is the destruction of
ecosystems and the extinction of wildlife
any change or disturbance to the
environment perceived to be deleterious or
undesirable
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When the
environment become
less valuable ordamaged
Environmental
degradation isoccured
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Examples of environmental
degradation
the loss of rain forests
air pollution and smog
ozone depletion
the destruction of the marineenvironment.
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Causes
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Habitat fragmentation
The development breaks up solid stretches ofland
Eg: roads development which may cut
through forestThe large patches of habitat no longer exist
It will be difficult for the wildlife to get the
resources they need to survive
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Water and air pollution
Common cause
Pollution introduces contaminants into the
environment that can maim or even kill plant
and animal species
Air pollution is the accumulation ofhazardous substances into the atmosphere that
danger human life and other living matter
The main contributors of
water pollutionare factories,refineries,waste treatment
facillities,mining and household chemicals
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Acid rains
occurs when sulfur dioxide from coal plant
emissions combines with moisture present in
the air
A chemical reaction creates this acid
precipitation
Acid rain can acidify and pollute lakes and
streams
it can acidify the water or soil to a point
where no life can be sustained
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Urban development
As the populations increased, so did the
need for land for homes and farms
Wetlands were drained
Prairies were plowed overToday, less that 50% of the nations
wetlands still exist
Only 5% of the native prairie remains
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IMPACT
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Global warming
the result of ozone depletionwhich is responsible for perhaps
300,000 additional cases of skincancer a year and 1.7 million
cases of cataracts and may lead
to increase in the risk of climaticnatural disasters
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Loss of biodiversity
the extinction of plant and animalsspecies
The extinction of plant and animal
species will heavily affect theecosystem
It will reduce ecosystem
adaptability and lead to the loss ofgenetic resources
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gives hazardous waste production
A hazardous waste is a waste that
poses substantial or potential threats
to public health or the environment
The health risks from hazardous wastesare typically more localized, but often
acute
Wastes affect productivity causingpollution of groundwater resources.
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Others impact
Poverty
Losing earth beauty
Soil degradation
Deforestation
Atmospheric changes
Loss of natural resources
Ozone depletion
Water and air pollution
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Measures that should be
adopted to protect theenvironment
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Environmental protection
a practice of protecting the
environment, on individual,
organizational or governmental level,for the benefit of the natural
environment and (or) humans
governments began placing restraintson activities that caused
environmental degradation
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National levels
Since the 1960s activism by the environmental
movement has created awareness of the variousenvironmental issues
Academic institutions now offer courses suchas environmental studies, environmentalmanagement and environmental engineering thatstudy the history and methods of environmentalprotection
Campaign to tell the society on the condition of worldnowaday : EARTH HOURS, SAVE OUR PLANET, GOGREEN, RECYCLE
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Media work together with
government to promotes awareness
among society
Advertisement about recycle
Documentary about earth, pollution
Development and Environment in
Third Msia PlanCelebrating Earth Day
Through legislation
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legislation
Environmental Quality Act
Malaysia Environmental
Policies
Environmental Quality Control
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International levels
International environmental protectionorganizations
through the United Nations special
programme- UN introduced Agenda 21(environmental
convention)
the agenda consist of Mountain agenda,National Mountain Action Programme andGlobal Mountain Charter in draft
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Do with regional countries
-neighbour countries
identifying the world land resources that hasgoing through Environmental Degradation
-dry land
-hilly and mountainous
Increase awareness of the environment and itsconservation
Tackling poverty problem in developing
countries such as the new strategies arerequired that integrate poverty alleviation andenvironmental necessary
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United Nations Environment
Programme
sponsored the development of solar loanprograms, with attractive return rates, to bufferthe initial deployment costs and entice consumersto consider and purchase solar PV systems
The most famous example is the solar loanprogram sponsored by UNEP helping 100,000people finance solar power systems in India
Success in India's solar program has led to similar
projects in other parts of developing world likeTunisia, Morocco, Indonesia and Mexico
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UNEP sponsors the Marshlands project inMiddle East that helps to protect the largest
marshland in Middle East In 2001, UNEP alerted the international
community to the destruction of theMarshlands when it released satellite images
showing that 90 percent of the Marshlandshad already been lost
The UNEP "support for EnvironmentalManagement of the Iraqi Marshland"commenced in August 2004, in order tomanage the Marshland area in anenvironmentally sound manner.
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UNEP works in an inclusive
fashion that brings on board
different societal cohorts in
order to get the full participation
of global communities
UNEP has a vibrant programme
for young people known asTunza
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Kyoto Protocol the Kyoto Protocol is an international agreement linked to the United
Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. The major feature ofthe Kyoto Protocol is that it sets binding targets for 37 industrializedcountries and the European community for reducing greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions .These amount to an average of five per cent against1990 levels over the five-year period 2008-2012.
The major distinction between the Protocol and the Convention is thatwhile the Convention encouragedindustrialised countries to stabilize GHGemissions, the Protocol commits them to do so.
Recognizing that developed countries are principally responsible for thecurrent high levels of GHG emissions in the atmosphere as a result ofmore than 150 years of industrial activity, the Protocol places a heavierburden on developed nations under the principle of common butdifferentiated responsibilities.
The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in Kyoto, Japan, on 11 December 1997and entered into force on 16 February 2005. The detailed rules for theimplementation of the Protocol were adopted at COP 7 in Marrakesh in2001, and are called the Marrakesh Accords.
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adaptation adaptation to the adverse effects of climate change is vital in order to reduce the impacts of
climate change that are happening now and increase resilience to future impacts. TheUNFCCC webpages on adaptation highlight the range of issues that are being addressed by
Parties under the various Convention bodies, including:
The Cancun Adaptation Framework, which resulted from negotiations on enhanced action on
adaptation as part of the Bali Action Plan under the Ad-hoc Working Group on Long-Term
Cooperative Action under the Convention (AWG-LCA)
Nairobi work programme on impacts, vulnerability and adaptation to climate
change, development and transfer of technologies, research and systematic
observation under the Subsidiary Body for Scientific and Technological Advice (SBSTA)
Issues related to implementing, including national adaptation programmes of action
(NAPAs), and supporting adaptation through finance, technology andcapacity-building under
the Subsidiary Body for Implementation (SBI)
Successful adaptation not only depends on governments but also on the active and
sustained engagement of stakeholders (Nairobi work programme), including national,
regional, multilateral and international organizations, the public and private sectors (private
sector initiative), civil society and other relevant stakeholders.
http://unfccc.int/adaptation/cancun_adaptation_framework/items/5852.phphttp://unfccc.int/meetings/ad_hoc_working_groups/lca/items/4381.phphttp://unfccc.int/adaptation/nairobi_work_programme/items/3633.phphttp://unfccc.int/cooperation_and_support/technology/items/1126.phphttp://unfccc.int/methods_and_science/research_and_systematic_observation/items/3461.phphttp://unfccc.int/methods_and_science/research_and_systematic_observation/items/3462.phphttp://unfccc.int/methods_and_science/research_and_systematic_observation/items/3462.phphttp://unfccc.int/essential_background/convention/convention_bodies/items/2629.phphttp://unfccc.int/adaptation/implementing_adaptation/items/2535.phphttp://unfccc.int/cooperation_support/least_developed_countries_portal/items/4751.phphttp://unfccc.int/cooperation_and_support/financial_mechanism/items/2807.phphttp://unfccc.int/cooperation_and_support/technology/items/1126.phphttp://unfccc.int/cooperation_and_support/capacity_building/items/1033.phphttp://unfccc.int/essential_background/convention/convention_bodies/items/2629.phphttp://unfccc.int/adaptation/nairobi_work_programme/items/3633.phphttp://unfccc.int/cooperation_and_support/cooperation_with_international_organizations/items/2533.phphttp://unfccc.int/adaptation/nairobi_work_programme/knowledge_resources_and_publications/items/4623.phphttp://unfccc.int/adaptation/nairobi_work_programme/knowledge_resources_and_publications/items/4623.phphttp://unfccc.int/adaptation/nairobi_work_programme/knowledge_resources_and_publications/items/4623.phphttp://unfccc.int/adaptation/nairobi_work_programme/knowledge_resources_and_publications/items/4623.phphttp://unfccc.int/cooperation_and_support/cooperation_with_international_organizations/items/2533.phphttp://unfccc.int/adaptation/nairobi_work_programme/items/3633.phphttp://unfccc.int/essential_background/convention/convention_bodies/items/2629.phphttp://unfccc.int/cooperation_and_support/capacity_building/items/1033.phphttp://unfccc.int/cooperation_and_support/capacity_building/items/1033.phphttp://unfccc.int/cooperation_and_support/capacity_building/items/1033.phphttp://unfccc.int/cooperation_and_support/technology/items/1126.phphttp://unfccc.int/cooperation_and_support/financial_mechanism/items/2807.phphttp://unfccc.int/cooperation_support/least_developed_countries_portal/items/4751.phphttp://unfccc.int/adaptation/implementing_adaptation/items/2535.phphttp://unfccc.int/essential_background/convention/convention_bodies/items/2629.phphttp://unfccc.int/methods_and_science/research_and_systematic_observation/items/3462.phphttp://unfccc.int/methods_and_science/research_and_systematic_observation/items/3462.phphttp://unfccc.int/methods_and_science/research_and_systematic_observation/items/3461.phphttp://unfccc.int/cooperation_and_support/technology/items/1126.phphttp://unfccc.int/adaptation/nairobi_work_programme/items/3633.phphttp://unfccc.int/meetings/ad_hoc_working_groups/lca/items/4381.phphttp://unfccc.int/meetings/ad_hoc_working_groups/lca/items/4381.phphttp://unfccc.int/meetings/ad_hoc_working_groups/lca/items/4381.phphttp://unfccc.int/adaptation/cancun_adaptation_framework/items/5852.php -
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Others international method to protects the
environment
Montreal Protocol
-An international treaty designed to protect
the ozone layer by phasing out the
production of a number of substancesbelieve to be responsible for ozone
depletion
-191 nations have become party to this treaty Earth Hours
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Conclusion
Environmental degradation brings many
negative effect to the earth that we are
living in right now. Thus, we need to
plays our own roles in order to save our
planets. Therefore, all parties must
involved in restrain the environmentaldegradation from being worsen.