table of contents1.5 private remedies for misleading advertising..... 1-126 (a) complaint to the...

TABLE OF CONTENTS

VOLUME 1

Preface........................................................................................... v

Table of Cases ................................................................................ TC-1

Table of Statutes ............................................................................. TS-1

1 Misleading Advertising

1.1 Introduction — Legislative History of the Competition Act .... 1-5

1.2 The Primary Rules............................................................ 1-6(a) General Rule ........................................................... 1-7

(i) “No person” .................................................... 1-7(ii) Purpose Requirement ........................................ 1-8(iii) Representations................................................ 1-14

A. Scope...................................................... 1-14B. Statement of Fact or Promise?.................... 1-16C. Statements of Opinion............................... 1-18

D. Means of Communicating.......................... 1-18(iv) “To the Public”................................................ 1-19(v) “False or Misleading in a Material Respect”......... 1-23

A. False or Misleading — Subjective andObjective ................................................. 1-23

B. Materiality .............................................. 1-25C. Standard of Deceptiveness ......................... 1-31

I. The Credulous Man.......................... 1-31II. The Average Purchaser...................... 1-33III. The Sophisticated Purchaser............... 1-38

D. General Impression Test ............................ 1-39I. Ambiguity—Representations Capable

of Two Meanings ............................. 1-42

II. Omission of Essential Information ...... 1-43III. Technically True Representation but

Text Gives False Impression............... 1-44IV. Text Literally True but Visually False

Impression....................................... 1-45V. General Impression Defines the

Claim ............................................. 1-45

VI. Interrelationship: General Impression—Materiality—Standard ofDeception........................................ 1-46

VII. Disclaimers...................................... 1-47

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VIII. Internet Advertising .......................... 1-52(b) Performance Claims .................................................. 1-54.2

(i) Purpose Requirement ........................................ 1-54.2

(ii) Representations—Statements, Warranties orGuarantees ...................................................... 1-54.2

(iii) Performance, Efficacy, Length of Life.................. 1-54.3

A. Absolute vs. Comparative Claims................ 1-54.4(iv) Adequate and Proper Test ................................. 1-54.5

A. Recognized Testing Procedures ................... 1-54.5B. Controlled Conditions ............................... 1-54.8

C. Replication under a Variety ofConditions............................................... 1-54.8

D. Bias in User Tests..................................... 1-54.9

E. Testing Appropriate to the Claim ............... 1-54.10I. Subjective vs. Objective Claims ........... 1-54.12II. Testing under Restricted

Conditions....................................... 1-54.12III. Claims must be Capable of Testing ..... 1-54.13IV. Claims must be Appropriate to the

Test................................................ 1-55F. Case Law ................................................ 1-55

I. Colgate-Palmolive—“Ajax CleansBetter”............................................ 1-56

II. Bristol-Myers No. 1—“Fleecy HasThree Times More Softness” .............. 1-58

III. Bristol-Myers No. 2—“Fleecy Gets

rid of Static Cling” ........................... 1-58IV. UL Canada v. Proctor & Gamble—

“Olay Holds More Moisture in

Your Skin”...................................... 1-61G. Consumer Research and Surveys................. 1-64H. Completion of Testing Prior to Publishing

Claim ..................................................... 1-70I. Reverse Onus........................................... 1-71

I. Policy ............................................. 1-71II. Charter Challenges ........................... 1-71

J. Environmental Friendliness Claims ............. 1-74I. General Requirements for All

Claims ............................................ 1-75

II. Specific Requirements ....................... 1-76III. Symbols .......................................... 1-76IV. Evaluation and Verification................ 1-76

V. Comparative Claims ......................... 1-77VI. Specific Claims................................. 1-77

(c) Misleading Price Advertising ...................................... 1-78(i) Under the General Prohibition ........................... 1-78

(ii) Ordinary Selling Price Claims............................. 1-79

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A. Purpose Requirement ................................ 1-80B. False or Misleading in a Material

Respect ................................................... 1-81

C. Ordinary Price ......................................... 1-81I. Improper Comparisons...................... 1-81II. Establishing Ordinary Price—Time

Test vs. Volume Test......................... 1-82III. Like Products .................................. 1-90IV. Prices of Sellers Generally.................. 1-92V. Relevant Market .............................. 1-96

VI. Manufacturer’s Suggested RetailPrice............................................... 1-100

1.3 Supplementary Rules ........................................................ 1-102

(a) Representations as to Tests and Testimonials................ 1-102(i) Tests............................................................... 1-103(ii) Testimonials .................................................... 1-104

(iii) Application of the General Prohibition ................ 1-105(b) Warranty and Serviceability Claims............................. 1-106

(i) Warranty, Guarantee or Promise to Repair .......... 1-106

(ii) Misleading or Cannot be Performed.................... 1-107(c) Double Ticketing...................................................... 1-107(d) Bait and Switch Advertising ....................................... 1-108

(i) Bargain Price ................................................... 1-108

(i.1) “Supply” ......................................................... 1-110(ii) Reasonability ................................................... 1-111(iii) Commissioner’s Guidelines................................. 1-112

(iv) Defences ......................................................... 1-113(e) Sale above Advertised Price ....................................... 1-114

1.3.1 The Telemarketing Offence ................................................ 1-115

(a) Introduction ............................................................ 1-115(b) Telemarketing Defined .............................................. 1-115(c) The Disclosure Requirements ..................................... 1-116

(d) The Specific Prohibitions ........................................... 1-117(e) Telemarketing Contests ............................................. 1-117(f) Penalty, Liability & Enforcement ................................ 1-118(g) Related Amendments ................................................ 1-119

1.4 Remedies For Misleading Advertising.................................. 1-120(a) Criminal Penalties..................................................... 1-120(b) The Civil Remedies................................................... 1-121

(i) Prohibition Orders............................................ 1-121(ii) Publication of Correction Notices ....................... 1-122(iii) Administrative Monetary Penalties...................... 1-123

(c) Civil Review Versus Criminal Prosecution .................... 1-124(i) No Duplication of Proceedings ........................... 1-124(ii) Selection of Civil Review Versus Criminal Track —

The Commission’s Guidelines ............................. 1-125

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1.5 Private Remedies for Misleading Advertising ........................ 1-126(a) Complaint to the Competition Bureau ......................... 1-126(b) Complaint to Advertising Standards Canada ................ 1-127

(c) Civil Court Actions................................................... 1-129(i) Civil Remedy under the Competition Act............. 1-131

A. Unitel v. Bell ........................................... 1-132.1

B. Church & Dwight v. Sifto.......................... 1-133C. Beatrice v. Ault ........................................ 1-134D. Purolator v. UPS...................................... 1-137E. Mead Johnson Canada v. Ross Pediatrics .... 1-139

F. Maritime Travel v. Go Travel Direct ........... 1-143G. Telus/Bell/Rogers ..................................... 1-144.1

(ii) Claim for False or Misleading Advertising under the

Trade-marks Act .............................................. 1-144.5A. Maple Leaf v. Robin Hood........................ 1-146B. Johnson & Johnson v. Bristol-Myers Squibb. 1-147

C. BC Tel v. Rogers Cantel............................ 1-147D. Eveready Canada v. Duracell Canada.......... 1-148

(iii) Claims under Common Law — Injurious Falsehood

and Wrongful Interference with EconomicRelations......................................................... 1-149A. Injurious Falsehood .................................. 1-149B. Wrongful Interference with Economic

Relations................................................. 1-151

Appendix 1 Remedies Table — Misleading Representations —Advertising...................................................................... APP1-1

2 Distribution Practices

2.1 Introduction .................................................................... 2-2(a) Legislative History.................................................... 2-3

2.2 Reviewable Practices ......................................................... 2-9(a) Refusal to Deal ........................................................ 2-9

(i) When Will an Order Be Made?........................... 2-11

(ii) Cases .............................................................. 2-13(iii) Economic Impact ............................................. 2-17

(b) Price Maintenance .................................................... 2-19(i) Scope—“A person”........................................... 2-20

(ii) Attempts to Influence Prices — the Means Used ... 2-21A. Agreement............................................... 2-21B. Threat .................................................... 2-24

C. Promise................................................... 2-25D. Any Like Means....................................... 2-25

(iii) Suggested Retail Price ....................................... 2-26

(iv) Refusals to Supply............................................ 2-28A. Primary and Ancillary Rules ...................... 2-29B. Refusal to Supply Customers ..................... 2-30

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C. Otherwise Discriminate.............................. 2-31D. Low-Pricing Policy ................................... 2-32E. Inducing Refusals to Supply Competitors..... 2-33

(v) Defences ......................................................... 2-34A. Affiliation Exemption................................ 2-34B. Loss-Leader Defence................................. 2-35

(Continued on page xi)

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(c) Market Restrictive Practices ....................................... 2-38(d) Exclusive Dealing ..................................................... 2-39

(i) What Constitutes the Practice? ........................... 2-39

(ii) Major Supplier................................................. 2-39(iii) Exclusionary Effect ........................................... 2-41(iv) Substantial Lessening of Competition .................. 2-42

(v) Defences/Exemptions ........................................ 2-44(e) Tied Selling ............................................................. 2-45

(i) What Constitutes the Practice? ........................... 2-45(ii) Major Supplier................................................. 2-48

(iii) Substantial Lessening of Competition .................. 2-49(iv) Defences/Exemptions ........................................ 2-50

(f) Market Restriction ................................................... 2-51

(i) What Constitutes the Practice? ........................... 2-51(ii) Major Supplier................................................. 2-53(iii) Substantial Lessening of Competition .................. 2-53

(iv) Defences/Exemptions ........................................ 2-53(g) Delivered Pricing ...................................................... 2-54

(i) What Constitutes the Practice? ........................... 2-54

(ii) Defences ......................................................... 2-55(h) Abuse of Dominant Market Position........................... 2-56

(i) Overview......................................................... 2-56(ii) What Constitutes the Practice............................. 2-58

(iii) The Cases........................................................ 2-58(iv) Elements of the Practice .................................... 2-62

A. Control ................................................... 2-63

B. Class or Species of Businesses..................... 2-65C. Anti-Competitive Acts............................... 2-66D. Practice................................................... 2-69

E. Substantial Lessening or Prevention ofCompetition ............................................ 2-69

(v) Joint Dominance .............................................. 2-72

(vi) Defences/Exemptions ........................................ 2-72(vii) Summary ........................................................ 2-74

2.3 Marketing Offences........................................................... 2-75(a) Multi-Level Marketing and Pyramidic Sales ................. 2-75

(i) Disclosure Requirements ................................... 2-75(ii) Prohibited Plans ............................................... 2-76(iii) Constitutional Challenges .................................. 2-77

(iv) Summary ........................................................ 2-78

3 Promotions

3.1 Contests .......................................................................... 3-3

(a) Introduction ............................................................ 3-3(i) Contests and Sweepstakes in the New Economy.... 3-3(ii) Early English Legislation ................................... 3-4(iii) Early Canadian Legislation ................................ 3-5

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(b) The Criminal Code ................................................... 3-5(i) Application to Contests ..................................... 3-5(ii) Elements of the Offence — Analysis of Section 206 3-6

A. Consideration, Prize and Chance ................ 3-6B. Breakdown of Subsection 206(1) ................. 3-6.1

I. Paragraphs 206(1)(a) to (d) — The

“Lottery” Provisions ......................... 3-71. Consideration .......................... 3-72. Prize — Disposition of Property .. 3-14.13. Chance — The Skill-Testing

Question ................................. 3-15II. Paragraph 206(1)(f)........................... 3-17

1. Consideration .......................... 3-18

2. Chance — Mixed Chance andSkill ....................................... 3-18

3. Prize — Goods, Wares or

Merchandise ............................ 3-19III. Paragraph 206(1)(e) .......................... 3-20

1. Consideration .......................... 3-20

2. Chance ................................... 3-213. Prize....................................... 3-21

(iii) Penalty ........................................................... 3-23(c) The Competition Act ................................................ 3-23

(i) Overview of Section 74.06.................................. 3-23(ii) Adequate and Fair Disclosure ............................ 3-24

A. General................................................... 3-24

B. Contest Rules .......................................... 3-28C. Minimum Disclosure for Advertising ........... 3-29D. Program of Advisory Opinions ................... 3-29

(iii) Undue Delay in Prize Distribution ...................... 3-30(iv) Telemarketing Contests ..................................... 3-31(v) Deceptive Prize Notices ..................................... 3-32.1

(d) Quebec Lotteries Legislation ...................................... 3-33(i) Introduction .................................................... 3-33(ii) Publicity Contests............................................. 3-33(iii) Regie alcools, des courses et des jeux................... 3-33

(iv) Notice Requirements......................................... 3-33(v) Security........................................................... 3-34(vi) Contest Launch................................................ 3-35

(vii) Requirements for Contest Rules ......................... 3-35(viii) Other Requirements for Advertising .................... 3-36(ix) Post-Contest Reporting ..................................... 3-36

(e) Sample Contest Rules ............................................... 3-37

3.2 Coupons and Trading Stamps ............................................ 3-38.2(a) Introduction ............................................................ 3-38.2(b) The Offence............................................................. 3-38.4

(i) Section 427 — Offence Section ........................... 3-38.4

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(ii) Section 379 — “Trading Stamp” Defined ............. 3-39A. The Threshold Test — Form and Intention .. 3-40

I. “Given to the Purchaser of Goods by the

Vendor Thereof” .............................. 3-40II. “A Discount on the Price of Goods” ... 3-41III. “A Premium to the Customer” ........... 3-42

B The Redemption Criteria ........................... 3-42I. Place and Method of Redemption

(paragraph 379(a)) ............................ 3-42II. Place of Delivery and Merchantable

Value (paragraph 379(b)) ................... 3-43III. Redemption Upon Demand

(paragraph 379(c)) ............................ 3-43

(c) Manufacturer’s Exemption......................................... 3-44(d) Avoiding the Application of Section 379 ...................... 3-45

(i) Avoidance Generally ......................................... 3-45

(ii) “Cross Coupon” Promotions.............................. 3-46(e) Provincial Legislation Relevant to Trading Stamps ........ 3-47

3.3 Reproductions of Currency in Advertising............................ 3-48

(a) Introduction ............................................................ 3-48(b) The Offence............................................................. 3-49(c) The Exemption — Subsection 457(4) ........................... 3-50

3.4 Use of The “Mounties” in Advertising................................. 3-50

3.5 Protected Trade-Marks...................................................... 3-51(a) Section 9 of the Federal Trade-Marks Act.................... 3-51

4 Consumer Protection

4.1 Introduction .................................................................... 4-3

4.2 Trade Practices Legislation ................................................ 4-4(a) Introduction ............................................................ 4-4

(b) Statutory Definitions................................................. 4-7(c) Approaches to Regulating Trade Practices; General

Prohibition and “Shopping List”................................. 4-8

(d) False, Deceptive or Misleading Practices — the ShoppingList ........................................................................ 4-11

(e) Unconscionable Practices........................................... 4-13(f) Remedies................................................................. 4-16

(i) Private Remedies .............................................. 4-16A. Rescission ............................................... 4-17B. Damages ................................................. 4-18

C. Injunctive or Declaratory Relief.................. 4-19D. Specific Performance and other Remedies .... 4-19

(ii) Public Remedies — Administrative Actions .......... 4-20

A. Cease and Desist Orders ............................ 4-20B. Orders for Immediate Compliance............... 4-21

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C. Assurances of Voluntary Compliance .......... 4-21D. Director’s Investigatory Powers .................. 4-22E. Orders to Refrain from Dealing with Assets . 4-23

F. Substitute Actions by the Director .............. 4-23(iii) Public Remedies — Criminal Sanctions................ 4-24

A. Proof Required and Defences ..................... 4-25

B. Penalties.................................................. 4-26C. Limitation Periods .................................... 4-26

4.3 Consumer Warranties........................................................ 4-27(a) Introduction ............................................................ 4-27

(b) Warranty Protection under General Sales Law.............. 4-28(i) Implied Warranties and Conditions on the Sales

of Goods......................................................... 4-28

A. Title ....................................................... 4-29B. Quiet Possession....................................... 4-29C. Free from Encumbrances ........................... 4-29

D. Fitness for Purpose ................................... 4-29E. Merchantability........................................ 4-29

(ii) Exclusion of Warranties and Conditions Prohibited in

Consumer Sales................................................ 4-30(iii) Limited to Sales of Goods ................................. 4-30(iv) Benefit only to Immediate Purchaser — Privity of

Contract Required ............................................ 4-31

(v) Warranties versus Conditions ............................. 4-32(vi) Non-Contractual Terms and Representations........ 4-32

(c) Modern Consumer Warranty Legislation ..................... 4-33

(i) Sales of Good and Services; Leases ..................... 4-34(ii) Implied Warranties ........................................... 4-34

A. Warranties of Quality and Fitness for

Purpose................................................... 4-35B. Warranty of Durability ............................. 4-37C. Warranty of Spare Parts and Repair

Facilities ................................................. 4-38D. Special Warranty Requirements — Quebec... 4-39

I. Automobiles and Motorcycles ............ 4-39II. Repair of Household Appliances......... 4-40

III. Other Special Requirements ............... 4-40(iii) Express Warranties ........................................... 4-41

A. Abolition of Parol Evidence Rule................ 4-41

B. Written Warranties — MinimumRequirements........................................... 4-42

(iv) Abolition of Contractual Privity Defence ............. 4-43

(d) Remedies for Breach of Consumer Warranties .............. 4-45(i) Consumer’s Rights on Alleged Breach of Warranty 4-45

A. Saskatchewan........................................... 4-45B. New Brunswick ........................................ 4-47

C. Quebec ................................................... 4-48

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(ii) Consumer’s and Seller’s Respective Obligations uponan Alleged Breach of Warranty .......................... 4-48A. Saskatchewan........................................... 4-48

B. New Brunswick ........................................ 4-49C. Quebec ................................................... 4-49

5 Broadcast Advertising

5.1 Introduction .................................................................... 5-3(a) History of Broadcast Regulation in Canada ................. 5-3(b) Basic Federal Broadcasting Policy............................... 5-5(c) The CRTC .............................................................. 5-5

(d) The CBC................................................................. 5-6(e) Constitutional Issues — Jurisdiction over Broadcasting .. 5-7

5.2 Overview of Broadcasting Regulation .................................. 5-9

(a) Radio ..................................................................... 5-9(b) Broadcast Television ................................................. 5-10(c) Regulation of Distribution Undertakings (Cable and Direct to

Home Satellite Television).......................................... 5-11(i) General Provisions............................................ 5-12(ii) Specific Provisions Governing Cable and Direct to

Home Satellite Television................................... 5-13(iii) Advertising Controversy .................................... 5-14

(d) Specialty Services...................................................... 5-15(e) Pay Television and Pay per View ................................ 5-16

(f) Limitations on Obscene or Abusive AdvertisingContent................................................................... 5-17

5.3 Self-Regulation of Advertising Content................................ 5-17

(a) Advertising Standards Canada.................................... 5-17(i) The Canadian Code of Advertising Standards....... 5-18(ii) The Clearance Process....................................... 5-18

(iii) Consumer Complaints ....................................... 5-19(iv) Trade Practice Disputes..................................... 5-20

(b) The Telecaster Committee of Canada (Television Bureau of

Canada) .................................................................. 5-20(c) CBC Advertising Standards ....................................... 5-21(d) The Canadian Association of Broadcasters ................... 5-21

5.4 Advertising Content Regulation and Preclearance.................. 5-22

(a) Alcoholic Beverages .................................................. 5-22(i) Regulations under the Broadcasting Act .............. 5-22

A. Types of Alcoholic Beverages which may be

Advertised ............................................... 5-22B. Code for Broadcast Advertising of Alcoholic

Beverages ................................................ 5-23

(ii) Advertising Standards Canada Approval.............. 5-24(iii) Provincial Approval .......................................... 5-24

(b) Food and Non-Alcoholic Beverages ............................ 5-25

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(i) Advertising Standards Canada Approval.............. 5-25(c) Drugs, Cosmetics and Natural Health Products ............ 5-26

(i) Drugs ............................................................. 5-26

(ii) Cosmetics........................................................ 5-26(iii) Natural Health Products.................................... 5-27

5.5 Advertising to Children ..................................................... 5-27

(a) Broadcast Code for Advertising to Children ................. 5-27(b) Provincial Regulation — Quebec ................................ 5-29

(i) Quebec Consumer Protection Act ....................... 5-29(ii) Relevant Court Decisions .................................. 5-31

6 Product Safety, Packaging and Labelling

6.1 Introduction .................................................................... 6-3

6.2 Canada Consumer Products Safety Act................................ 6-4

(a) Introduction ............................................................ 6-4(b) Application.............................................................. 6-5(c) Record-Keeping Requirements ................................... 6-5

(i) Retailers.......................................................... 6-5(ii) Manufacturers, Importers, Advertisers, Sellers (other

than Retailers), Testers ...................................... 6-6

(iii) Time and Manner of Keeping Records ................ 6-6(d) Reporting of Safety-Related Incidents and Undertaking

Recalls .................................................................... 6-6(i) Definition of an “Incident” ................................ 6-7

(e) Death or Serious Adverse Effect ................................. 6-8(f) Defect or Characteristic............................................. 6-8(g) Incorrect or Insufficient Information ........................... 6-8

(h) Recall or Other Measure ........................................... 6-9(i) Reporting Obligations ............................................... 6-9(j) Product Recalls and Other Measures ........................... 6-10

(k) Administration and Enforcement ................................ 6-11

6.3 Consumer Packaging and Labelling Act............................... 6-12(a) Introduction ............................................................ 6-12

(b) Labelling Requirements for Prepackaged Products......... 6-13(i) Net Quantity ................................................... 6-13(ii) Product Identity ............................................... 6-15(iii) Manufacturer’s Name and Place of Business......... 6-15

(iv) Imported Products............................................ 6-16(v) Misleading Labelling and Advertising of Prepackaged

Products.......................................................... 6-16

(c) Standardization of Containers .................................... 6-17(d) Administration and Enforcement ................................ 6-18

6.4 Bilingual Labelling Requirements........................................ 6-19

(a) Federal Legislation ................................................... 6-19(b) Quebec Legislation ................................................... 6-20

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6.5 Hazardous Products.......................................................... 6-21(a) Introduction ............................................................ 6-21(b) Consumer-Use Hazardous Products — Chemicals and

Petroleum Distillates ................................................. 6-22(i) Prescribed Labelling.......................................... 6-22(ii) Depiction and Manner of Disclosure of Labelling . 6-23

(iii) Exemptions...................................................... 6-24(iv) Child-Resistant Containers................................. 6-24

(c) Industrial/Commercial-Use Hazardous Products............ 6-24(i) Identification of Controlled Products................... 6-25

(ii) Disclosure Information...................................... 6-26(iii) Hazard Symbols ............................................... 6-27(iv) Exemptions...................................................... 6-27

A. Consumer Products................................... 6-28B. Manufactured Articles............................... 6-28C. Import/Export ......................................... 6-28

D. Bulk Shipments ........................................ 6-29E. Inner and Outer Containers ....................... 6-29F. Hazardous Materials Information Review

Act......................................................... 6-29(d) Administration and Enforcement ................................ 6-30

6.6 Weights and Measures....................................................... 6-31(a) Introduction ............................................................ 6-31

(b) Marking of Commodities........................................... 6-31(c) Administration and Enforcement ................................ 6-31

Table I.................................................................... 6-33

Table II .................................................................. 6-35Table III ................................................................. 6-36

7 Specific Product Advertising

7.1 Food, Drug and Related Products ...................................... 7-9(a) Introduction ............................................................ 7-9

(i) History ........................................................... 7-9

A. Early English Food and Drug Legislation .... 7-9B. Development of Canadian Food and Drug

Legislation............................................... 7-10(ii) Overview of the Food and Drugs Act and

Regulations ..................................................... 7-12(iii) Constitutional Issues ......................................... 7-13

(b) Food ...................................................................... 7-14.3

(i) Introduction .................................................... 7-14.3A. Consumer Packaging and Labelling Act....... 7-15B. The Competition Act ................................ 7-16

C. The Broadcasting Act................................ 7-16(ii) The Regulatory Scheme..................................... 7-17

A. “Food” Defined ....................................... 7-17B. Adulteration and Unsanitary Manufacturing 7-17

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C. Standards for Foods ................................. 7-18D. Advertising, Packaging and Labelling .......... 7-19

I. Advertising ...................................... 7-19

1. Section 3 — Health Claims:Schedule A Diseases.................. 7-20

2. Misleading Advertising —

Section 5 ................................. 7-21II. Packaging and Labelling.................... 7-21III. Guide to Food Labelling and

Advertising ...................................... 7-24

E. Nutrition Labelling ................................... 7-25I. New Mandatory Regime.................... 7-25II. Nutrition Facts Table........................ 7-26

III. Exceptions from MandatoryDisclosure ....................................... 7-27

IV. Optional Additional Information ........ 7-27

V. Serving of Stated Size........................ 7-28VI. Bilingual Requirements...................... 7-29VII. Presentation of the Nutrition Facts

Table .............................................. 7-29F. Nutrition Content Claims .......................... 7-29

I. Claims Relating to Fat, Fatty Acids andCholesterol Content .......................... 7-30

1. Fat......................................... 7-312. Saturated Fatty Acids ............... 7-313. Trans Fatty Acids..................... 7-31

4. Poly-Unsaturated Fatty Acids .... 7-315. Cholesterol .............................. 7-31

II. Energy Value ................................... 7-32

III. Claims Relating to Protein or Amino AcidContent........................................... 7-32

IV. Claims Relating to Salt, Sodium or

Potassium Content............................ 7-32G. Claims Relating to Vitamin and Mineral Nutrient

Content................................................... 7-33I. Recommended Daily Intake ............... 7-33

II. Added Vitamins and Mineral Nutrients 7-34III. Claims Concerning Action or Effect of

Vitamins or Minerals ........................ 7-35

H. Diet-Related Health Claims ....................... 7-35I. Foods for Special Dietary Use.................... 7-37

I. General Provisions............................ 7-37

J. Formulated Liquid Diets, Meal Replacements,Nutritional Supplements, Prepackaged Mealsfor Weight Reduction, Infant Formula, etc... 7-38

(c) Drugs ..................................................................... 7-44

(i) Introduction .................................................... 7-44

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A Recent Changes to the Food and DrugAct......................................................... 7-44I Protecting Canadians from Unsafe

Drugs Act (Vanessa’s Law) ................ 7-441 Broader Ministerial Powers ........ 7-452 Sharing of Confidential Business

Information ............................. 7-453 Increased Penalties for

Non-Compliance ...................... 7-46II Amended Regulations — Packaging

and Labelling................................... 7-46(ii) Interplay of the FDA with other Legislation......... 7-47

A The Criminal Code ................................... 7-47

B The Controlled Drugs and SubstancesAct......................................................... 7-47

(iii) The Regulatory Scheme — “Drug” Defined ......... 7-47

(iv) General Overview of the Drug ReviewProcess ........................................................... 7-48A Pre-Market Authorization.......................... 7-48

I New Drug Submission & ProductMonographs .................................... 7-48

II Drugs for Clinical Trials InvolvingHuman Subjects ............................... 7-50

III Completion of Drug Review andTiming............................................ 7-511 Drugs that are Not Approved ..... 7-51

2 Drugs that are Approved........... 7-523 Special Access Program

Approval................................. 7-52

B Post-Market AuthorizationQuantity ................................................. 7-52I Change in Name of Manufacturer or

Drug Name as a Result of a Merger,Buy-Out, Corporate Restructuringor Licensing Agreement..................... 7-521 Change in Manufacturer’s and/or

Product Name — GeneralRequirements........................... 7-52

2 Merger/Buy-out........................ 7-53

3 Licensing Agreement................. 7-54II Changes to a Product Monograph ...... 7-54

(v) Good Manufacturing Practices and Drug

Establishment Licenses ...................................... 7-54(vi) Import and Export Policy for Drugs ................... 7-56(vii) Prohibitions and General Restrictions on the

Sale, Marketing or Distribution of Certain

Drugs ............................................................. 7-58

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A Schedule C, D and E Drugs ....................... 7-58B Requirement to have a DIN....................... 7-58C Proprietary Medicines ............................... 7-58

D Prescribed Standards................................. 7-59(viii) Advertising, Packaging and Labelling .................. 7-59

A General Framework.................................. 7-59

B Drugs that cannot be Advertised to theGeneral Public ......................................... 7-61I Drugs Advertised as Cures for

Schedule A Diseases.......................... 7-61

II Narcotic Drugs ................................ 7-61III Controlled Drugs.............................. 7-61IV New Drugs ...................................... 7-61

C Drugs that can only be Advertised to theGeneral Public with respect to Name,Price and Quantity.................................... 7-62

I Limited Dose Drugs.......................... 7-62II The Prescription Drug List ................ 7-62

D Drugs that can be Advertised to the

General Public — The Standards forAdvertisers .............................................. 7-62.1I Guide to Consumer Drug Advertising

and Guidance Documents .................. 7-62.1

II Industry Standards for Advertising tothe General Public ............................ 7-62.1

III Guidelines for Advertising to the

General Public ................................. 7-62.11 False Advertising...................... 7-62.22 Misrepresentation ..................... 7-62.2

3 Comparison Advertising ............ 7-62.24 Negative Statements and Claims

with Respect to Toxicity ............ 7-62.4

5 Scientific or TechnicalReferences ............................... 7-62.5

6 Absence of Side Effects ............. 7-62.57 Misleading Terminology ............ 7-62.5

8 Scare Advertising...................... 7-62.69 Imagery .................................. 7-62.610 Exaggeration of Speed and

Amount of Relief ..................... 7-62.611 Proper Usage and Storage of

Drugs ..................................... 7-62.6

12 Drug Advertising andChildren.................................. 7-62.6

IV Review and Preclearance of DrugAdvertising to the General Public ....... 7-62.7

E Advertising to Health Professionals ............. 7-62.7

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I Basic Requirement............................ 7-62.7II Industry Standards ........................... 7-62.7

1 RX&D Code of Marketing

Practices.................................. 7-62.72 The PAAB Code of Advertising

Acceptance .............................. 7-62.7

(a) General Requirements ofthe Code ......................... 7-62.8

(b) Claims, Quotations andReferences ....................... 7-62.8

(c) Data Presentations............ 7-62.9(d) Comparisons.................... 7-62.9(e) Disclosure Requirements ... 7-62.9

(f) Preclearance andEnforcement .................... 7-62.10

F Packaging and Labelling............................ 7-62.11

I Definitions ...................................... 7-62.11II General Requirements ....................... 7-62.12III Drug Names and the Drug

Identification Number ....................... 7-62.13IV Look-alike, Sound-alike Drug

Product Names ................................ 7-62.13V Drug Standards................................ 7-62.14

VI Quantities of Ingredients andContents ......................................... 7-62.14

VII Manufacturer................................... 7-62.14

VIII Lot Number .................................... 7-62.15IX Directions for Use ............................ 7-62.15X Expiration Dates .............................. 7-62.15

XI Standardized and Small Containers ..... 7-62.15XII Child-Resistant Packaging and

Labelling......................................... 7-62.16

XIII Prescribed and Parenteral andother Drugs ..................................... 7-62.16

(d) Natural Health Products............................................ 7-62(i) Requirements for the Sale of Natural Health

Products.......................................................... 7-62A. An Overview............................................ 7-62B. NHPD’s New Approach............................ 7-63

(ii) Key Definitions and Distinctions ................................ 7-64A. “Natural Health Product” Defined.............. 7-64

(Continued on page xxi)

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xx.1 (Cdn. Advert.)(2016-Rel. 1)

B. “Homeopathic Medicine” and “TraditionalMedicine” Defined.................................... 7-65

(iii) General Requirements ....................................... 7-66

A. Product Licences ...................................... 7-66B. Site Licences ............................................ 7-67

(iv) Health Claims and Evidentiary Requirements ....... 7-67

A. Traditional Health Claims ......................... 7-67I. Demonstrating Traditional Use .......... 7-68II. Safety Evidence for Traditional

Medicines ........................................ 7-68

III. Efficacy Evidence for TraditionalMedicines ........................................ 7-68

IV. Qualifying Claims............................. 7-69

V. Linking Safety and Efficacy Edvidence toan NHP’s Conditions of Use.............. 7-69

B. Non-Traditional/Modern Health Claims ...... 7-70

I. Risk-based Approach to Safety andEfficacy........................................... 7-70

II. Types of Health Claims ..................... 7-70.1

III. Safety Evidence for Modern HealthClaims ............................................ 7-70.3

IV. Efficacy Evidence for Modern HealthClaims ............................................ 7-70.3

V. Linking Safety and Efficacy Evidence toan NHP’s Conditions of Use.............. 7-70.5

VI. Qualifying Claims............................. 7-70.5

C. Homeopathic Medicines ............................ 7-70.5D. Compendium of Monographs and Compendial

Applications ............................................ 7-70.6

E. Therapeutic Products Directorate (“TPD”)Labelling Standards (“LSs”) and/or CategoryIV Monographs........................................ 7-70.7

(v) Quality Requirements........................................ 7-70.8(vi) Products at the Food and Natural Health Product

Interface.......................................................... 7-70.8(vii) Advertising, Packaging and Labelling

Requirements................................................... 7-70.9A. Advertising of Natural Health Products to

the General Public .................................... 7-70.9

I. Basic Requirements........................... 7-70.9II. Guidelines for Advertising to the

General Public ................................. 7-70.10

1. Misrepresentation ..................... 7-70.102. Comparative Therapeutic

Claims .................................... 7-70.103. Government/Health Canada

Approved Claims...................... 7-70.10

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4. Natural Action/Naturally &Potency................................... 7-70.11

5. Risk/Safety Information

Communication........................ 7-70.116. Treatment, Preventative or Cure

Claims for Schedule A Diseases,

Disorders or Abnormal PhysicalStates...................................... 7-70.12

III. Requirements for Schedule APreventative Claims .......................... 7-70.13

1. General Principles..................... 7-70.132. Characterization of the Disease .. 7-70.133. Data Requirements ................... 7-70.14

4. Labelling................................. 7-70.15IV. Review and Preclearance of NHP

Advertising to the General Public ....... 7-70.15

B. Advertising of NHPs to HealthProfessionals............................................ 7-70.15I. The Pharmaceutical Advertising Advisory

Board ............................................. 7-70.15C. Labelling and Packaging Requirements ........ 7-70.16

I. Basic Requirements........................... 7-70.17II. Information on Inner and Outer

Label .............................................. 7-70.17III. Risk Information.............................. 7-70.18IV. Small Package Labelling .................... 7-70.18

V. Security Packaging............................ 7-70.18VI. Cautionary Statements and

Child-Resistant Packaging and

Labelling......................................... 7-70.18VII. Homeopathic Labelling ..................... 7-70.19

(e) Medical Devices ....................................................... 7-70.19

(i) Requirements for the Sale of Medical Devices: AnOverview......................................................... 7-70.19

(ii) Key Elements of the Medical Devices Regulations. 7-70.20A. “Device” Defined ..................................... 7-70.21

B. Medical Device and in vitro Diagnostic DeviceClassification ........................................... 7-70.21

(iii) General Requirements ....................................... 7-70.23

A. Safety and Effectiveness Requirements......... 7-70.23B. Medical Device Licence ............................. 7-70.24C. Establishment Licence ............................... 7-70.25

D. Labelling Requirements ............................. 7-70.25E. Advertising .............................................. 7-70.26F. Distribution Records................................. 7-70.28G. Complaint Handling ................................. 7-70.28

H. Mandatory Problem Reporting................... 7-70.28

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xxii

I. Recall ..................................................... 7-70.29J. Implant Registration ................................. 7-70.29

(iv) Custom-made Devices and Medical Devices to be

Imported or Sold for Special Access .................... 7-70.30(v) Medical Devices for Investigational Testing

Involving Human Subjects ................................. 7-70.30

(vi) Export Certificates............................................ 7-70.31(vii) Cost Recovery ................................................. 7-70.31

(f) Cosmetics................................................................ 7-70.31(i) Introduction .................................................... 7-70.31

(ii) The Regulatory Regime..................................... 7-70.31A. “Cosmetic” Defined .................................. 7-70.31B. Basic Restrictions on Sale .......................... 7-70.32

C. Notification to the HPB ............................ 7-70.33D. Importation ............................................. 7-70.33E. Inspection ............................................... 7-70.33

F. Advertising .............................................. 7-70.34G. Packaging and Labelling............................ 7-70.34

(g) Administration and Enforcement of the FDA............... 7-70.35

(i) Jurisdiction for Administration of the FDA.......... 7-70.35(ii) Powers of Inspection......................................... 7-70.35(iii) Offences and Penalties....................................... 7-70.36

7.2 Automotive Advertising..................................................... 7-70.36

(a) Introduction — Legislative Overview........................... 7-70.36(b) Not False or Misleading in a Material Respect ............. 7-71

(i) General Impression........................................... 7-72

A. Ambiguity ............................................... 7-73B. Omission................................................. 7-74C. Text of Advertisement Technically Correct but

Creates False Impression ........................... 7-76D. Text of Advertisement Literally True but Visual

Impression False ...................................... 7-77

(ii) Sophistication of Typical Purchaser..................... 7-77(iii) Materiality ...................................................... 7-80(iv) Disclaimers...................................................... 7-82

A. Price Disclaimers ...................................... 7-83

I. Total Price ...................................... 7-83II. Comparative Price Claims.................. 7-83III. Limitations on Special Offers ............. 7-84

IV. Particulars of Financing Offers ........... 7-84B. Technical and Performance Disclaimers ....... 7-85C. Popularity and Preference Claims................ 7-86

(c) Price Advertising ...................................................... 7-86(i) Total Price Disclosure ....................................... 7-87

A. Disclosure of Non-Optional Elements.......... 7-87B. Regulatory Policies ................................... 7-88

C. Financing and Lease Disclosure.................. 7-88

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(ii) Savings and “Sale” Claims ................................. 7-91(iii) Special Features Offers ...................................... 7-92(iv) Bait and Switch Advertising ............................... 7-93

7.3 Advertising of Alcoholic Beverages ..................................... 7-95(a) Introduction ............................................................ 7-95(b) Jurisdiction of Regulations: Federal and Provincial........ 7-96

(c) Permitted Forms of Advertising.................................. 7-97(d) Advertising Content Restrictions................................. 7-98(e) Other Restrictions .................................................... 7-98

7.4 Tobacco Products............................................................. 7-99

(a) Introduction ............................................................ 7-99(b) RJR-MacDonald...................................................... 7-100(c) Tobacco Act ............................................................ 7-100

(d) Access to Tobacco Products ....................................... 7-101(e) Labelling................................................................. 7-102(f) Prohibition Against Promotions.................................. 7-102

(i) Testimonials and Endorsements .......................... 7-103(ii) Advertising ...................................................... 7-103(iii) Packaging........................................................ 7-104

(iv) Products Displaying Brand Elements ................... 7-104(v) Sales Promotion ............................................... 7-104(vi) Retail Sales...................................................... 7-105(vii) Media Liability ................................................ 7-105

(g) Enforcement and Offences ......................................... 7-105

7.5 Cannabis Products............................................................ 7-105(a) Introduction — Federal Legislation............................. 7-105

(b) Promotion ............................................................... 7-106(c) Packaging and Labelling............................................ 7-108(d) Provinical and Territorial Legislation .......................... 7-110

(i) British Columbia .............................................. 7-110(ii) Alberta ........................................................... 7-110(iii) Saskatchewan................................................... 7-111

(iv) Manitoba ........................................................ 7-111(v) Ontario ........................................................... 7-111(vi) Quebec ........................................................... 7-111(vii) New Brunswick ................................................ 7-112

(viii) Prince Edward Island ........................................ 7-112(ix) Nova Scotia..................................................... 7-112(x) Newfoundland and Labrador ............................. 7-112

(xi) Yukon ............................................................ 7-112(xii) Northwest Territories ........................................ 7-112(xiii) Nunavut ......................................................... 7-113

VOLUME 2Table of Contents ......................................................................... iii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

xxiv

20 Federal Statutes and Regulatory Materials

21 Advertising, Marketing and Promotions Statutes

22 Broadcasting

23 Food, Drugs, Cosmetics and Medical Devices


23 Food, Drugs, Cosmetics and Medical Devices (continued)



24 Tobacco Products

24A Tobacco Products

25 Textile Products

26 Packaging and Labelling


27 Intellectual Property

28 Privacy

28A Telemarketing

28B Anti-Spam

29 Miscellaneous Statutes and Regulations


30 Provincial Statutes and Regulatory Materials

31 Alberta

TABLE OF CONTENTS

xxv (Cdn. Advert.)(2018-Rel. 9)

32 British Columbia

37 Ontario

39 Quebec

Legal Issues in Focus..................................................................... LIF-1

Index ........................................................................................ I-1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

xxvi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

VOLUME 1Preface ....................................................................................... v

Table of Contents ......................................................................... vii

Table of Cases ............................................................................. TC-1

Table of Statutes .......................................................................... TS-1



3 Promotions



6 Product Safety Packaging and Labelling



21 Advertising, Marketing and Promotions

VOLUME 2

Table of Contents........................................................................ iii


Table of Contents........................................................................ 20-1

21 Advertising, Marketing and Promotions Statutes

Competition Act.......................................................................... 21-1Competition Tribunal Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. 19 (2nd Supp.) ..................... 21-81

Criminal Code, R.S.C. 1985, c. C-46, ss. 2 (Definitions), 206-207 (Contests,

Lotteries), 379, 406-413, 427, 457 (Trading Stamps. Trade Marks,

Currency Reproductions).......................................................... 21-89

RegulationsCompetition Tribunal Rules, SOR/87-373 .......................................... 21-105

GuidelinesMisleading Advertising Guidelines (Consumer and Corporate Affairs

Canada, 1991) ........................................................................ 21-106.1

Predatory Pricing Enforcement Guidelines (Competition Bureau, 2005)..... 21-106.24(1)

Price Discrimination Enforcement Guidelines (Consumer and Corporate

Affairs Canada, 1992) .............................................................. 21-106.24(19)

Environmental claims: A guide for industry and advertisers

(Canadian Standards Association and Competition Bureau, 2008) ..... 21-106.25

iii (Cdn. Advert.)(2018-Rel. 8)

Competition Bureau Information Bulletin — Misleading Representations

and Deceptive Marketing Practices: Choice of Criminal or Civil

Track under the Competition Act (Industry Canada, 1999) .............. 21-106.43

Multi-Level Marketing Plans and Schemes of Pyramid Selling — Sections 55

and 55.1 of the Competition Act — Enforcement Guidelines (Competition

Bureau, 2009)......................................................................... 21-106.47

Consumer Rebate Promotions — Enforcement Guidelines (Competition Bureau,

2009).................................................................................... 21-106.66(03)

Deceptive Notices of Winning a Prize — Section 53 of the Competition

Act — Enforcement Guidelines (Competition Bureau, 2009) .................. 21-106.66(015)

Telemarketing — Section 52.1 of the Competition Act — Enforcement

Guidelines (Competition Bureau, 2009) ........................................ 21-106.66(021)

Ordinary Price Claims — Enforcement Guidelines — Subsections 74.01(2)

and 74.01(3) of the Competition Act (Competition Bureau, 2009) ....... 21-106.66(029)

Promotional Contests — Article 74.06 of the Competition Act (Competition

Bureau, 2009)......................................................................... 21-106.66(037)

Principles of Consumer Protection for Electronic Commerce (Industry

Canada, 1999) ........................................................................ 21-106.66(1)

Guide for the Labelling and Advertising of Pet Foods (Industry Canada,

2001).................................................................................... 21-106.67

Competition Bureau Information Bulletin — Application of the Competition

Act to Representations on the Internet (Industry Canada, 2003) ........ 21-107

The Canadian Code of Advertising Standards (Advertising Standards

Canada, 2016) ........................................................................ 21-111

Code Interpretation Guidelines (Advertising Standards Canada, 2016) ...... 21-112.11

Guidelines for the Use of Comparative Advertising — Guidelines for the

Use of Research and Survey Data to Support Comparative

Advertising Claims (Advertising Standards Canada, 2012) ............... 21-113

Interpretation Guideline re: Food Advertising to Children (Advertising

Standards Canada, 2004) .......................................................... 21-123

Gender Portrayal Guidelines (Advertising Standards Canada, 2012) ......... 21-125

Advertising Dispute Procedure (Advertising Standards Canada, November

2012).................................................................................... 21-127

Trade Dispute Procedure for Therapeutic Comparative Claims Previously

Approved by ASC (Advertising Standards Canada, 2006) ................ 21-143

Canadian Marketing Association Code of Ethics and Standards of

Practice, 2015......................................................................... 21-147

Scanner Price Accuracy Voluntary Code (Retail Council of Canada, Canadian

Association of Chain Drug Stores, Canadian Federation of Independent

Grocers, Canadian Council of Grocery Distributors, 2002)............... 21-175

Code of Conduct for Wireless Service Providers (Canadian Telecommunications

Association, 2009) ................................................................... 21-179

.com Disclosures (Federal Trade Commission, March 2013) ................... 21-201

Price Maintenance— Enforcement Guidelines — Section 76) of the

Competition Act (Competition Bureau, 2014)................................. 21-243

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iv

Intellectual Property Enforcement— Enforcement Guidelines — Subsections

74.01(2) and 74.01(3) of the Competition Act (Competition Bureau,

2014).................................................................................... 21-269

Corporate Compliance Programs (Competition Bureau, 2015)................. 21-302.1

The Abuse of Dominance Provisions (Sections 78 and 79 of

the Competition Act) (Competition Bureau, 2012)........................... 21-302.77

The Deceptive Marketing Practices Digest (Competition Bureau, 2015)..... 21-302.95

The Deceptive Marketing Practices Digest: Volume 2 (CompetitionBureau Canada, 2016) ...................................................................... 21-302.113

Canadian Children’s Food & Beverage Advertising Initiative

(Advertising Standards Canada, 2016) ................................................ 21-303

Canadian Children’s Food & Beverage AdvertisingInitiative — Uniform Nutrition Criteria White Paper

(Advertising Standards Canada, 2016) ................................................ 21-309

ASC Online Behavioural Advertising Compliance Procedure(Advertising Standards Canada, 2013) ................................................ 21-335

Canadian Self-Regulatory Principles for Online BehaviouralAdvertising (Advertising Standards Canada, 2016)................................ 21-339

Influencer Marketing Steering Committee Disclosure Guidelines

(Ad Standards, April 19, 2018) .......................................................... 21-347

ChecklistsLabelling Checklist — Prepackaged Pet Food for Dogs and Cats ............ 21-601

22 Broadcasting

Statutes

Broadcasting Act, S.C. 1991, c. 11, ss. 1-10 ..................................... 22-1

Regulations

Radio Regulations, 1986, SOR/86-982, ss. 1-6.................................. 22-11

Television Broadcasting Regulations, 1987, SOR/87-49, ss. 1-8, 11 ...... 22-19

Specialty Services Regulations, 1990, SOR/90-106, ss. 1-6 .................. 22-25

Broadcasting Distribution Regulations, 1997, SOR/97-555, ss. 1-3,

8, 9, 17 and 30-33.3 ..................................................................... 22-29

Guidelines

ASC Alcoholic Beverage Advertising Clearance Guide — A Guide

to Reviewing Alcholic Beverage Advertising under the CRTC Codefor Broadcast Advertising of Alcoholic Beverages................................. 22-32.3

TABLE OF CONTENTS

v (Cdn. Advert.)(2018-Rel. 8)

“No claim” Food and Beverage Advertising — Clearance ExemptionPolicy Document (Advertising Standards Canada)............................ 22-33

Television Bureau of Canada Guidelines (2007)................................ 22-39

Gender Portrayal Guidelines (Advertising Standards Canada) ............ 22-55

CAB Sex-Role Portrayal Code for Television and RadioProgramming (Canadian Association of Broadcasters, 1990) .............. 22-58.1

CAB Code of Ethics (Canadian Association of Broadcasters, 2002) .... 22-59

Broadcast Code for Advertising to Children (Canadian Association ofBroadcasters and Advertising Standards Canada, 2007)..................... 22-67

CBC/Radio Canada Advertising Standards (Canadian Broadcasting

Corporation, June 20, 2006) .......................................................... 22-75

Alcohol Clearance Bulletin (Advertising Standards Canada, 2003) ...... 22-76.7

Authority for Reviewing and Clearing Consumer-Directed Natural

Health Product Advertising(Health Canada, 2004) ................................................................. 22-76.9

CRTC Public Notice 1991-119: Amendments to the Radio Regulations,

1986; Television Regulations, 1987; Pay Television Regulations, 1990; andSpecialty Service Regulations, 1990 ................................................ 22-77

CBC Advertising Standards — Advocacy Advertising (Canadian Broadcasting

Corporation 1994) ....................................................................... 22-79

CRTC Public Notice 1994-139: Amendment to the Television BroadcastingRegulations, 1987 to Permit, by Condition of Licence, the Airing of“Infomercials” during the Broadcast Day........................................ 22-81

CRTC Public Notice 1995-14: Exemption Order Respecting TeleshoppingProgramming Service Undertakings................................................ 22-85

CRTC Public Notice 1995-93: Clarification of Certain Matters Relating

to the Airing of “Infomericals” during the Broadcast Day ................. 22-91

CRTC Public Notice 1996-108: New Regulatory Framework GoverningThe Broadcast Of Alcoholic Beverage Advertising ............................ 22-93

CRTC Public Notice 1997-12: Amendments to the Radio, Television andSpecialty Services Regulations Respecting the Broadcast of AlcoholicBeverage Advertising.................................................................... 22-107

CRTC Public Notice 1997-23: Proposed Amendments to the RadioRegulations, 1986; Television Broadcasting Regulations, 1987; andSpecialty Services Regulations, 1990 — Pre-Clearance of Drug Commercialsand Treatment Recommendations .................................................. 22-111

CRTC Public Notice 1997-99: Regulations amending provisions ofcertain regulations regarding the pre-clearance of commercial messages bythe Minister of Health.................................................................. 22-113

TABLE OF CONTENTS

vi

CRTC Public Notice 1999-132: Amendment to broadcasters’ reporting oftheir alcohol educational initiatives ................................................ 22-117


Statutes

Food and Drugs Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. F 27 ...................................... 23-1

Regulations

Food and Drug Regulations, C.R.C. 1978, c. 870 (prior to SOR/2016-305 updates)Amendments ........................................................................... 23-29Part A—Administration ............................................................ 23-33

Part B—Foods......................................................................... 23-42Division 1: General................................................................... 23-42Division 24: Foods for Special Dietary Use .................................. 23-118.48

Division 25: Interpretation......................................................... 23-118.64Division 26: Food Irradiation..................................................... 23-118.75Division 27: Low-Acid Foods packaged in Hermetically SealedContainers............................................................................... 23-118.79

Division 28: Novel Foods .......................................................... 23-118.81Part C—Drugs......................................................................... 23-118.83Division 1: General................................................................... 23-118.83

Division 1A: Establishment Licences ........................................... 23-118.147Division 2: Good Manufacturing Practices ................................... 23-118.161Division 8: New Drugs.............................................................. 23-118.166(7)

Part D—Vitamins, Minerals and Amino Acids ............................. 23-118.166(29)Division 1: Vitamins in Foods .................................................... 23-118.166(30)Division 2: Mineral Nutrients in Foods ....................................... 23-118.166(37)

Division 3: Addition of Vitamins, Mineral Nutrients or Amino Acidsto Foods ................................................................................. 23-118.166(44)Division 4: Vitamins in Drugs .................................................... 23-118.166(45)Division 5: Minerals in Drugs .................................................... 23-118.166(46)

Part E—Cyclamate Sweetners..................................................... 23-118.166(46)Part G—Controlled Drugs......................................................... 23-118.166(47)Division 1: General................................................................... 23-118.166(47)

Division 2: Licences and Licensed Dealers.................................... 23-118.169Division 3: Pharmacists ............................................................. 23-118.185Division 4: Practitioners ............................................................ 23-118.189

Division 5: Hospitals ................................................................ 23-118.193

VOLUME 3



TABLE OF CONTENTS


VOLUME 4



24 Tobacco Products

24A Cannabis Products

25 Textile Products


VOLUME 5



28 Privacy

28A Telemarketing

28B Anti-Spam

29 Miscellaneous Statutes, Regulations, Guidelines

VOLUME 6



31 Alberta

32 British Columbia

37 Ontario

39 Quebec

Legal Issues in Focus..................................................................... LIF-1

Index ........................................................................................ I-1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

viii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

VOLUME 1

Preface ...................................................................................... v

Table of Contents........................................................................ vii

Table of Cases ............................................................................ TC-1

Table of Statutes ......................................................................... TS-1



3 Promotions



6 Product Safety, Packaging and Labelling





22 Broadcasting


VOLUME 3Table of Contents........................................................................ iii


Regulations (continued)

Food and Drug Regulations, C.R.C. 1978, c. 870 (including SOR/2016-305 updates)Amendments ........................................................................... 23-119

Part A—Administration ............................................................ 23-120.3Part B—Foods......................................................................... 23-120.11


Division 1: General................................................................... 23-120.11Division 24: Foods for Special Dietary Use .................................. 23-120.197Division 25: Interpretation......................................................... 23-120.214

Division 26: Food Irradiation..................................................... 23-120.225Division 27: Low-Acid Foods packaged in Hermetically SealedContainers............................................................................... 23-120.229

Division 28: Novel Foods .......................................................... 23-120.231Part C—Drugs......................................................................... 23-120.233Division 1: General................................................................... 23-120.233Division 1A: Establishment Licences ........................................... 23-120.301

Division 2: Good Manufacturing Practices ................................... 23-120.315Division 8: New Drugs.............................................................. 23-120.326Division 9: Non-prescription Drugs............................................. 23-120.348

Division 10.............................................................................. 23-120.352Part D—Vitamins, Minerals and Amino Acids ............................. 23-120.355Division 1: Vitamins in Foods .................................................... 23-120.356

Division 2: Mineral Nutrients in Foods ....................................... 23-120.362Division 3: Addition of Vitamins, Mineral Nutrients or Amino Acidsto Foods ................................................................................. 23-120.366

Division 4 ............................................................................... 23-120.368(3)Division 5 ............................................................................... 23-120.368(4)Part E—Cyclamate Sweetners..................................................... 23-120.368(4)Part G—Controlled Drugs......................................................... 23-120.368(5)

Division 1: General................................................................... 23-120.368(5)Division 2: Licences and Licensed Dealers.................................... 23-120.369Division 3: Pharmacists ............................................................. 23-120.385

Division 4: Practitioners ............................................................ 23-120.391Division 5: Hospitals ................................................................ 23-120.395

Cosmetics Regulations, C.R.C. 1978, c. 869..................................... 23-120.399

Medical Devices Regulations, SOR/98-282 ...................................... 23-131Natural Health Products Regulations, SOR/2003-196........................ 23-166.1Natural Health Products (Unprocessed Product Licence Applications)

Regulations, SOR/2010-171........................................................... 23-166.38(1)Organic Products Regulations, SOR/2006-338.................................. 23-166.39Cannabis Exemption (Food and Drugs Act) Regulations,SOR/2016-231............................................................................. 23-166.45

Guidelines

Industry Labelling Tool (Canadian Food InspectionAgency) ..................................................................................... 23-167Meat Hygiene Manual of Procedures — Chapter 7 — Packaging and

Labelling (Canadian Food Inspection Agency) ................................. 23-302.83Policy for Labelling and Advertising of Dietary Fibre-Containing FoodProducts (Health Canada, February 2012)....................................... 23-303Guidance Document — Consumer Advertising Guidelines for Marketed

Health Products (for Nonprescription Drugs including Natural HealthProducts) (Health Canada, 2006) ................................................... 23-304.15

TABLE OF CONTENTS

iv

Notice: Section 2.21 (Risk Information) of the Consumer AdvertisingGudelines for Marketed Health Products (Health Canada, March2007) ...................................................................................... 23-334(.1)

Notice: Product Package Representations in Branded PrescriptionDrug Reminder Ads Directed to Consumers (Health Canada,December 2007) .......................................................................... 23-334(.3)

Guidance Document — Health Canada and Advertising PreclearanceAgencies’ Roles Related to Health Product Advertising (Health Canada,November, 2010) ......................................................................... 23-334(1)Policy: Health Products and Food Branch — The Distinction Between

Advertising and Other Activities (Health Canada, 2005) .................... 23-334.01



24 Tobacco Products


25 Textile Products




28 Privacy

28A Telemarketing

28B Anti-Spam




31 Alberta

32 British Columbia

37 Ontario

39 Quebec

TABLE OF CONTENTS


Legal Issues in Focus ................................................................... LIF-1

Index ...................................................................................... I-1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

vi

TABLE OF CONTENTS

VOLUME 1

Preface ...................................................................................... v


Table of Cases ............................................................................ TC-1




3 Promotions








22 Broadcasting




VOLUME 4


Guidelines (continued)


Principles for Claims Relating to Comparison of Non-TherapeuticAspects of Non-Prescription Drug Products (Health Canada, 1998) .... 23-334.013Therapeutic Comparative Advertising Directive and Guidance Document

(Health Canada, 2001) ................................................................. 23-334.019Interim Guidance — Fair Balance in Direct-to-Consumer Advertising ofVaccines (Health Canada, December, 2009) ..................................... 23-334.040(1)

Health Products Advertising on Physician Web Sites — Questions andAnswers (Health Canada, July 2011) .............................................. 23-334.040(3)Guidance Document: Determining Prescription Status for Humanand Veterinary Drugs (Health Canada, 2013)................................... 23-334.040(6.1)

Guidance Document: Schedule A and Section 3 to the Food andDrugs Act (Health Canada, 2013)................................................... 23-334.040(6.17)Guidance Document for Industry – Review of Drug Brand Names

(Health Canada, 2014) ................................................................. 23-334.040(6.43)

Frequently Asked Questions — Guidance Document for Industry— Review of Drug Brand Names (Health Canada, 2015) .................. 23-334.040(6.81)

Guidance Document: Labelling of Pharmaceutical Drugs for HumanUse (Health Canada, 2015) ........................................................... 23-334.040(7)Changes in Manufacturer’s Name And/Or Product Name

(Health Canada, 2015) ................................................................. 23-334.040(91)How Drugs are Reviewed in Canada (Health Canada, 2015).............. 23-334.040(97)Guidance Document: Questions and Answers: Plain LanguageLabelling Regulations (Health Canada, 2015) .................................. 23-334.040(103)

Claims about Non-Therapeutic Aspects of Non Prescription Drugs inConsumer-Directed Advertising (Advertising Standards Canada) ........ 23-334.041Trade Dispute Procedure for Therapeutic Comparative Claims Previously

Sponsored by ASC (Advertising Standards Canada) ......................... 23-334.057Consumer Drug Appeal Procedure (Advertising Standards Canada).... 23-334.061ASC Clearance Services Drug Complaint Procedure re: Therapeutic

Claims (Advertising Standards Canada, 2008).................................. 23-334.065Drugs Directorate Guidelines — Guide for the Labelling of Drugs forVeterinary Use (Health and Welfare Canada, 1992) .......................... 23-334.1

Health Canada Guidelines — Labelling of Cosmetics (Health Canada,2000) ...................................................................................... 23-335Cosmetics Regulations — Regulatory Amendment Frequently AskedQuestions — Health Care Professionals (Health Canada, 2005) .......... 23-362.5

Guide for Completing Cosmetic Notification Forms (Health Canada,1995) ...................................................................................... 23-363Guidelines for Cosmetic Advertising and Labelling Claims (Health

Canada; Advertising Standards Canada, 2006) ................................. 23-370.7Guidelines for Cosmetics Manufacturers, Importers and Distributors(Health Canada, 2005) ................................................................. 23-370.19

Guidance Document — Classification of Products at the CosmeticDrug Interface (Health Canada, 2008) ............................................ 23-370.41Guide to Cosmetic Ingredient Labelling (Health Canada, 2009) .......... 23-370.49

TABLE OF CONTENTS

iv

Therapeutic Products Programme Guidance Document — Guidance forthe Interpretation of the Medical Devices Regulations as they apply toMedical Device Establishment Licencing (Health Canada, 1998) ......... 23-371

Therapeutic Products Programme Guidance Document — Guidance on Howto Complete the Application for a New Medical Device Licence (HealthCanada, 1998)............................................................................. 23-379

Frequently Asked Questions and Answers Concerning the New MedicalDevices Regulations (Health Canada, 1998)..................................... 23-392.3Labelling Guidance Document — Natural Health Products Directorate(Health Canada, August 2006)....................................................... 23-392.17

Classification of Products at the Food – Natural Health ProductInterface: Products in Food Formats (Health Canada, June 2010)....... 23-392.47Health Canada’s Position Statement on the Preclearance and Complaint

Adjudication of Exempted Natural Health Product Advertising Materials(Health Canada, September 2010) .................................................. 23-393Labelling Requirements Checklist (Natural Health Products) (Health

Canada, April 2011)..................................................................... 23-395Pathway for Licensing Natural Health Products Making Modern HealthClaims (Health Canada, December 2012) ........................................ 23-401

Pathway for Licensing Natural Health Products Used as TraditionalMedicines (Health Canada, December 2012) .................................... 23-403The Approach to Natural Health Products (Health Canada,December 2013) .......................................................................... 23-404.29

PAAB Code of Advertising Acceptance (Pharmaceutical AdvertisingBoard) (Revised July 2013) ........................................................... 23-405Code of Ethical Practices (Innovative Medicines Canada, 2016).......... 23-467

24 Tobacco Products

Statutes

Tobacco Act, S.C. 1997, c. 13........................................................ 24-1

Regulations

Tobacco (Access) Regulations, SOR/99-93 ...................................... 24-13Tobacco Products Information Regulations, SOR/2000-272 ............... 24-15

Promotion of Tobacco Products and Accessories Regulations(Prohibited Terms), SOR/2011-178 ................................................. 24-27Tobacco Products Labelling Regulations (Cigarettes and LittleCigars), SOR/2011-177 ................................................................. 24-31


Statutes

Cannabis Act, S.C. 2018, c. 16, ss. 1 -161, 226, Schedules 1 - 6........... 24A-1

Regulations

Cannabis Regulations, SOR 2018-144............................................. 24A-201

TABLE OF CONTENTS


Interpretation .......................................................................... 24A-201Non-application ....................................................................... 24A-204Part 1: General Authorizations ................................................... 24A-204

Part 2: Licensing ...................................................................... 24A-2015Part 3: Security Clearances ........................................................ 24A-227Part 4: Physical Security Measures .............................................. 24A-233

Division 1: Licenses Requiring Increased Security Measures ........ 24A-233Division 2: Other Licences ...................................................... 24A-237Division 3: Exemptions .......................................................... 24A-238

Part 5: Good Production Practices .............................................. 24A-239

Part 6: Cannabis Products ......................................................... 24A-242Part 7: Packaging and Labeling .................................................. 24A-244Part 8: Drugs Containing Cannabis............................................. 24A-256

Division 1: License ................................................................ 24A-257Division 2: Possession, Pharmacists, Practitioners and Hospitals .. 24A-267

Part 9: Combination Products and Devices .................................. 24A-282

Part 10: Importation and Exportation for Medical orScientific Purposes ....................................................................... 24A-283Part 11: Retention of Documents and Information ........................ 24A-288

Part 12: Reporting and Disclosure .............................................. 24A-300Note: the following Parts not includedPart 13: Test KitsPart 14: Access to Cannabis for Medical Purposes

Part 15: Transitional ProvisionsPart 16: Consequential Amendments and Coming into Force

Incorporation by Reference Documents

Incorporation-by-reference documents, Cannabis Regulations(Health Canada, June 2018) .......................................................... 24A-401

Guidelines

Summary of the regulations (Health Canada, June 2018) ................... 24A-407

25 Textile Products

Statutes

Textile Labelling Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. T-10...................................... 25-1

Regulations

Textile Labelling and Advertising Regulations, C.R.C. 1978, c. 1551 ... 25-9


Statutes

Consumer Packaging and Labelling Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. C-38............ 26-1Customs Tariff, S.C. 1997, c. 36, s. 19 ............................................ 26-13

Hazardous Products Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. H-3 .................................. 26-15

TABLE OF CONTENTS

vi

Weights and Measures Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. W-6 .............................. 26-41Canada Consumer Product Safety Act, S.C. 2010, c. 21 .................... 26-64.2(13)

Regulations

Consumer Packaging and Labelling Regulations, C.R.C. 1978, c. 417.. 26-65Icewine Regulations — Regulatory Impact Analysis Statement,SOR/2014-8 ................................................................................ 26-98.1

Icewine Regulations, SOR/2014-10 ................................................. 26-98.15Consumer Chemicals and Containers Regulations, 2001, SOR/2001-269........ ..................................................................................... 26-99Controlled Products Regulations, SOR/88-66................................... 26-157

Other Product-Specific Regulations under the Canada Consumer ProductSafety Act (list) ........................................................................... 26-197Marking of Imported Goods Regulations, SOR/85-837 ..................... 26-199

Determination of Country of Origin for the Purpose of Marking Goods(Non-NAFTA Countries) Regulations, SOR/94-16 ........................... 26-200.3Determination of Country of Origin for the Purposes of Marking Goods

(NAFTA Countries) Regulations SOR/94-23 ................................... 26-200.9Marking of Imported Goods Order, C.A.C. 1978, c. 535 ................... 26-201Consumer Products Containing Lead (Contact with Mouth) Regulations,

SOR/2010-273............................................................................. 26-204.1Hazardous Products Regulations, SOR/2015-17 ............................... 26-204.3Administrative Monetary Penalties (Consumer Products) Regulations,SOR/2013-101............................................................................. 26-204.107

Exemption Regulations (Consumer Products), SOR/2015-97 .............. 26-204.113

Guidelines

Guide to the Consumer Packaging and Labelling Act and Regulations

(Consumer and Corporate Affairs Canada, 1988) ............................. 26-205Quick Reference Guide to the Hazardous Products Act for Manufacturers,Importers, Distributors and Retailers (Health Canada, 2003) ............. 26-218.5

“Product of Canada” and “Made In Canada” Claims (Competition Bureau2009) ...................................................................................... 26-219Guide for the Retail Industry on the Labelling Requirements of the

Consumer Packaging and Labeling Act and Regulations (Consumer andCorporate Affairs Canada, 1988) ................................................... 26-221The Average System of Net Quantity Determination (ConsumerPackaging and Labelling Regulations and Weights and Measures

Regulations — Industry Canada, 1995)........................................... 26-225Quality Assurance Guide Application: Average System of Net QuantityDetermination (Consumer Preducts Directorate — Industry Canada,

1996) ...................................................................................... 26-230.1Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System, InformationBulletin No. 2 (1988).................................................................... 26-231

Industry Guide to Canadian Safety Requirements for Toys and RelatedProducts (Health Canada, 2003) .................................................... 26-238.1

TABLE OF CONTENTS


Guidelines and General Information on the Marking of Imported Goods(Revenue Canada, 1988) ............................................................... 26-239Guidance on Preparing and Maintaining Documents under the

Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (CCPSA) — Section 13 ............ 26-245Guidance on Mandatory Incident Reporting under the Canada ConsumerProduct Safety Act — Section 14 Duties in the Event of an Incident ... 26-253

Guide to Notices of Violation and Administrative MonetaryPenalties under the Canada Consumer Product Safety Act (HealthCanada, 2013)............................................................................. 26-264.3Canada Consumer Product Safety Act Quick Reference Guide

(Health Canada, 2014) ................................................................. 26-264.13Recalling Consumer Products — A Guide For Industry(Health Canada, 2015) ................................................................. 26-264.31

Risk Assessment Framework Summary (Health Canada, 2015)........... 26-264.35Guide to Notices of Violation and Administrative MonetaryOverview of Health Canada’s Consumer Product Safety Program Risk

Characterization Method (Health Canada, 2016) .............................. 26-264.39Labelling Checklist — Wine .......................................................... 26-267Competition Bureau Labelling Assessment Tool — General Worksheet

(Competition Bureau Canada, 2015)............................................... 26-297Competition Bureau Labelling Assessment Tool — Down andFeather Labelling (Competition Bureau Canada, 2015) ..................... 26-311Competition Bureau Labelling Assessment Tool — Precious Metals

Marking (Competition Bureau Canada, 2015).................................. 26-317Competition Bureau Labelling Assessment Tool — Textile Labelling(Competition Bureau Canada, 2015)............................................... 26-323



Statutes

Copyright Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. C-24............................................... 27-1

Trade-marks Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. T-13 ........................................... 27-43National Trade-mark and True Labelling Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. N-18.... 27-175

Regulations

Regulations under the National Trade-Mark and True Labelling Act(list) ...................................................................................... 27-177

TABLE OF CONTENTS

viii

Guidelines

Enforcement Guidelines — Intellectual Property (Competition BureauCanada, 2016)............................................................................. 27-201

Memorandum D-19-4-3 — Copyright and Trade-marks (Canada BorderServices Agency, 2015) ................................................................. 27-261

28 Privacy

Statutes

Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act, S.C.2000, c. 5 ................................................................................... 28-1

Regulations

Regulations Specifying Investigative Bodies, SOR/2001-6................... 28-27Regulations Specifying Publicly Available Information, SOR/2001-7 ... 28-29Order Binding Certain Agents of Her Majesty for the Purposes of Part 1

of the Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act,SOR/2001-8 ................................................................................ 28-31

Guidelines

PIPEDA Interpretation Bulletin: Accountability (Office of the PrivacyCommissioner of Canada, April 2012) ............................................ 28-71PIPEDA Interpretation Bulletin: Access to Personal Information

(Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada, May 2013) .............. 28-77PIPEDA Interpretation Bulletin: Accuracy (Office of the PrivacyCommissioner of Canada, May 2013) ............................................. 28-89PIPEDA Interpretation Bulletin: Personal Information (Office of the

Privacy Commissioner of Canada, October 2013) ............................. 28-93PIPEDA Interpretation Bulletin: Form of Consent (Office of the PrivacyCommissioner of Canada, March 2014) .......................................... 28-99

PIPEDA Interpretation Bulletin: Publicly Available Information (Officeof the Privacy Commissioner of Canada, March 2014) ...................... 28-105PIPEDA Interpretation Bulletin: Safeguards (Office of the Privacy

Commissioner of Canada, June 2015) ............................................. 28-111PIPEDA Interpretation Bulletin: Commercial Activity (Office of thePrivacy Commissioner of Canada, January 2017) ............................. 28-121Guidelines on Privacy and Online Behavioural Advertising (Office of the

Privacy Commissioner of Canada, December 2015) .......................... 28-127

28A Telemarketing

Statutes

Telecommunications Act, S.C. 1993, c. 38, ss. 41-41.7, 72.01-72.15...... 28A-1Competition Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. C-34, s. 52.1 ................................. 28A-11

TABLE OF CONTENTS


Guidelines

Fact Sheet — Telemarketing (CRTC, 2006)..................................... 28A-121Telecom Public Notice — Proceeding to Establish a National

Do-Not-Call List Framework and to Review the Telemarketing Rules(CRTC, 2006-4) .......................................................................... 28A-125Competition Bureau Information Bulletin — Telemarketing — Section

52.1 of the Competition Act (Industry Canada, 1999) ........................ 28A-141Guidelines regarding the general administrative monetary penalties regimeunder the Telecommunications Act, Compliance and Enforcement andTelecom Information Bulletin (the Canadian Radio-television and

Telecommunications Commission, March 2015) ............................... 28A-147

Remedies Table

Violations of Unsolicited Telecommunications Rules......................... APP28A-1

28B Anti-Spam

Statutes

An Act to promote the efficiency and adaptability of the Canadianeconomy by regulating certain activities that discourage reliance

on electronic means of carrying out commercial activities (FightingAnti-Spam Act), S.C. 2010 c. 23 .................................................... 28B-1

Regulations

Electronic Commerce Protection Regulations, SOR/2013-221 ............. 28B-53

Electronic Commerce Protection Regulations (CRTC) —SOR/2012-36 .............................................................................. 28B-59Regulatory Impact Analysis Statement (Electronic Commerce Protection

Regulations, Industry Canada) ...................................................... 28B-63

Memorandum of Understanding

Memorandum of Understanding for Cooperation, Coordination

and Information Sharing between the Commissioner ofCompetition, the Canadian Radio-television and TelecommunicationsCommission and the Privacy Commissioner of Canada regardingthe Implementation of their Mandates under Canada’s Anti-Spam

Legislation (October 22, 2013) ....................................................... 28B-79

Guidelines

Compliance and Enforcement Information Bulletin CRTC 2014-326

June 19, 2014 - Guidelines to help businesses develop corporatecompliance programs ................................................................... 28B-85Compliance and Enforcement Information Bulletin CRTC 2012-549

October 10, 2012 - Guidelines on the use of toggling as a means ofobtaining express consent under Canada’s anti-spam legislation.......... 28B-91

TABLE OF CONTENTS

x

Compliance and Enforcement Information Bulletin CRTC 2012-548October 10, 2012 - Guidelines on the interpretation of theElectronic Commerce Protection Regulations................................... 28B-97

Frequently Asked Questions about Canada’s Anti-Spam Legislation(Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission,August 8, 2014) ........................................................................... 28B-107

Frequently Asked Questions for Businesses and Organizations, Canada’sAnti-Spam Legislation (Canadian Radio-television and TelecommunicationsCommission, (January 15, 2015) .................................................... 28B-121Canada’s Anti-Spam Legislation Requirements for Installing Computer

Programs (Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission,January 15, 2015) ........................................................................ 28B-125Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada: Anti-spam law’s

changes to Canadian federal privacy law: A guide for businessesdoing e-marketing........................................................................ 28B-135Enforcement Advisory — Notice for businesses and individuals on how to

keep records of consent (Canadian Radio-television andTelecommunications Commission, July 27, 2016).............................. 28B-143

Sentencing Table

Act to Promote the Efficiency and Adaptability of the Canadian Economyby Regulating Certain Activities that Discourage Reliance on Electronic

Means of Carrying Out Commercial Activities (CASL) ..................... APP28B-1


Cost of Borrowing Disclosure

Bank Act, S.C. 1991, c. 46, ss. 449-456 ........................................... 29-1Cost of Borrowing (Banks) Regulations, SOR/2001-101 .................... 29-7Credit Business Practices (Banks, Authorized Foreign Banks, Trust

and Loan Companies, Retail Associations, Canadian InsuranceCompanies and Foreign Insurance Companies) Regulations,Can. Reg. 2009-257...................................................................... 29-21



31 Alberta

32 British Columbia

37 Ontario

39 Quebec

TABLE OF CONTENTS



Index ...................................................................................... I-1

TABLE OF CONTENTS

xii

TABLE OF CONTENTS

VOLUME 1

Preface ...................................................................................... v


Table of Cases ............................................................................ TC-1




3 Promotions








22 Broadcasting




VOLUME 4


Guidelines (continued)


24 Tobacco Products


25 Textile Products




Statutes

Copyright Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. C-24............................................... 27-1Trade-marks Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. T-13 ........................................... 27-43National Trade-mark and True Labelling Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. N-18.... 27-175

Regulations

Regulations under the National Trade-Mark and True Labelling Act(list) ...................................................................................... 27-177

Guidelines

Enforcement Guidelines — Intellectual Property (Competition Bureau

Canada, 2016)............................................................................. 27-201

Memorandum D-19-4-3 — Copyright and Trade-marks (Canada BorderServices Agency, 2017) ................................................................. 27-261

28 Privacy

Statutes

Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act, S.C.

2000, c. 5 ................................................................................... 28-1

Regulations

Regulations Specifying Investigative Bodies, SOR/2001-6................... 28-35

Regulations Specifying Publicly Available Information, SOR/2001-7 ... 28-39Order Binding Certain Agents of Her Majesty for the Purposes of Part 1 ofthe Personal Information Protection and Electronic Documents Act,SOR/2001-8 ................................................................................ 28-41

General Data Protection Regulation of the European Parliament andof the Council of the European Union............................................ 28-43

Guidelines

TABLE OF CONTENTS

iv

PIPEDA Interpretation Bulletin: Accountability (Office of the PrivacyCommissioner of Canada, April 2012) ............................................ 28-71PIPEDA Interpretation Bulletin: Access to Personal Information

(Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada, May 2013) .............. 28-77PIPEDA Interpretation Bulletin: Accuracy (Office of the PrivacyCommissioner of Canada, May 2013) ............................................. 28-89

PIPEDA Interpretation Bulletin: Personal Information (Office of thePrivacy Commissioner of Canada, October 2013) ............................. 28-93PIPEDA Interpretation Bulletin: Form of Consent (Office of the PrivacyCommissioner of Canada, March 2014) .......................................... 28-99

PIPEDA Interpretation Bulletin: Publicly Available Information (Officeof the Privacy Commissioner of Canada, March 2014) ...................... 28-105PIPEDA Interpretation Bulletin: Safeguards (Office of the Privacy

Commissioner of Canada, June 2015) ............................................. 28-111PIPEDA Interpretation Bulletin: Commercial Activity (Office of thePrivacy Commissioner of Canada, January 2017) ............................. 28-121

Guidelines on Privacy and Online Behavioural Advertising (Office of thePrivacy Commissioner of Canada, December 2015) .......................... 28-127

28A Telemarketing

Statutes

Telecommunications Act, S.C. 1993, c. 38, ss. 41-41.7, 72.01-72.2 ....... 28A-1

Competition Act, R.S.C. 1985, c. C-34, s. 52.1 ................................. 28A-13

Regulations

Unsolicited Telecommunications Fees Regulations, SOR-2013-7 ......... 28A-17

Guidelines

Fact Sheet — Telemarketing (CRTC, 2006)..................................... 28A-121Telecom Public Notice — Proceeding to Establish a NationalDo-Not-Call List Framework and to Review the Telemarketing Rules(CRTC, 2006-4) .......................................................................... 28A-125

Competition Bureau Information Bulletin — Telemarketing — Section52.1 of the Competition Act (Industry Canada, 2009) ........................ 28A-141Guidelines regarding the general administrative monetary penalties regime

under the Telecommunications Act, Compliance and Enforcement andTelecom Information Bulletin (the Canadian Radio-television andTelecommunications Commission, March 2015) ............................... 28A-147

Measures to Reduce Caller Identification Spoofing and to Determinethe Origins of Nuisance Calls (Compliance and Enforcement andTelecom Decision CRTC 2018-32, Canadian Radio-television andTelecommunications Commission, 25 January 2018) ......................... 28A-157

Remedies Table

Violations of Unsolicited Telecommunications Rules......................... APP28A-1

TABLE OF CONTENTS


28B Anti-Spam

Statutes

An Act to promote the efficiency and adaptability of the Canadian

economy by regulating certain activities that discourage relianceon electronic means of carrying out commercial activities (FightingAnti-Spam Act), S.C. 2010 c. 23 .................................................... 28B-1

Regulations

Electronic Commerce Protection Regulations, SOR/2013-221 ............. 28B-53Electronic Commerce Protection Regulations (CRTC) —SOR/2012-36 .............................................................................. 28B-59

Regulatory Impact Analysis Statement (Electronic Commerce ProtectionRegulations, Industry Canada) ...................................................... 28B-63

Memorandum of Understanding

Memorandum of Understanding for Cooperation, Coordinationand Information Sharing between the Commissioner ofCompetition, the Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications

Commission and the Privacy Commissioner of Canada regardingthe Implementation of their Mandates under Canada’s Anti-SpamLegislation (October 22, 2013) ....................................................... 28B-79

Guidelines

Compliance and Enforcement Information Bulletin CRTC 2014-326June 19, 2014 - Guidelines to help businesses develop corporatecompliance programs ................................................................... 28B-85

Compliance and Enforcement Information Bulletin CRTC 2012-549October 10, 2012 - Guidelines on the use of toggling as a means ofobtaining express consent under Canada’s anti-spam legislation.......... 28B-91

Compliance and Enforcement Information Bulletin CRTC 2012-548October 10, 2012 - Guidelines on the interpretation of theElectronic Commerce Protection Regulations................................... 28B-97

Frequently Asked Questions about Canada’s Anti-Spam Legislation(Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission,August 8, 2014) ........................................................................... 28B-107

Frequently Asked Questions for Businesses and Organizations, Canada’sAnti-Spam Legislation (Canadian Radio-television and TelecommunicationsCommission, (January 15, 2015) .................................................... 28B-121Canada’s Anti-Spam Legislation Requirements for Installing Computer

Programs (Canadian Radio-television and Telecommunications Commission,January 15, 2015) ........................................................................ 28B-125Office of the Privacy Commissioner of Canada: Anti-spam law’s

changes to Canadian federal privacy law: A guide for businessesdoing e-marketing........................................................................ 28B-135

TABLE OF CONTENTS

vi

Enforcement Advisory — Notice for businesses and individuals on how tokeep records of consent (Canadian Radio-television andTelecommunications Commission, July 27, 2016).............................. 28B-143

Sentencing Table

Act to Promote the Efficiency and Adaptability of the Canadian Economyby Regulating Certain Activities that Discourage Reliance on ElectronicMeans of Carrying Out Commercial Activities (CASL) ..................... APP28B-1


Cost of Borrowing Disclosure

Bank Act, S.C. 1991, c. 46, ss. 449-456 ........................................... 29-1Cost of Borrowing (Banks) Regulations, SOR/2001-101 .................... 29-7Credit Business Practices (Banks, Authorized Foreign Banks, Trust

and Loan Companies, Retail Associations, Canadian InsuranceCompanies and Foreign Insurance Companies) Regulations,Can. Reg. 2009-257...................................................................... 29-21



31 Alberta

32 British Columbia

37 Ontario

39 Quebec


Index ...................................................................................... I-1

TABLE OF CONTENTS


TABLE OF CONTENTS

VOLUME 1

Preface ...................................................................................... v


Table of Cases ............................................................................ TC-1




3 Promotions








22 Broadcasting




VOLUME 4




24 Tobacco Products


25 Textile Products


VOLUME 5


28 Privacy

28A Telemarketing

28B Anti-Spam

29 Miscellaneous Statutes and Regulations



31 Alberta

ADVERTISING OF ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES

Statutes

Gaming and Liquor Act, R.S.A. 2000, c. G-1, s. 67 .......................... 31-1

Guidelines

Liquor Licensee Handbook — Sections 7 (Advertising) and 8(Product Promotions) (Gaming and Liquor Commission) .................. 31-3Retail Liquor Stores Handbook (Gaming and Liquor

Commission)............................................................................... 31-5General Merchandise Liquor Store Handbook (Gaming and LiquorCommission)............................................................................... 31-20.95

Liquor Agency Handbook (Gaming and Liquor Commission)............ 31-20.187

TABLE OF CONTENTS

iv

CONSUMER PROTECTION/CONSUMER CREDIT/DIRECT MARKETING

Statutes

Fair Trading Act, S.A. 1998, c. F-1.05 (Parts 10-13 not included) ....... 31-21

Regulations

Direct Sales Cancellation and Exemption Regulation, Alta Reg. 191/99 31-58.23Time Share and Points-Based Contracts and Business Regulation Alta.Reg. 105/2010 ............................................................................. 31-58.27

Credit and Personal Reports Regulation, Alta. Reg. 193/99 ............... 31-58.31Cost of Credit Disclosure Regulation, Alta. Reg. 198/99 ................... 31-58.33Internet Sales Contract Regulation, Alta. Reg. 81/2001 ..................... 31-58.55

Automotive Business Regulation.................................................... 31-58.63Collection and Debt Repayment Practices Regulation ....................... 31-58.77Appeal Board Regulation ............................................................. 31-58.95

Designation of Trades and Business Regulation ............................... 31-58.99Gift Card Regulation, Alta. Reg. 146/08 ......................................... 31-58.107Travel Clubs Regulation, Alta. Reg. 56/02 ...................................... 31-58.111

Consumer Transaction Cancellation and Recovery Notice Regulation,Alta. Reg. 287/2006 ..................................................................... 31-58.117Payday Loans Regulation, Alta. Reg. 157/2009 ................................ 58.119Energy Marketing and Residential Heat Sub-Metering Regulation, Alta.

Reg. 246/2005 ............................................................................. 31-58.129Home Inspection Business Regulation, Alta. Reg. 75/2011................. 31-59

PRIVACY

Statutes

Personal Information Protection Act, S.A. 2003, c. P-6.5................... 31-65

Regulations

Personal Information Protection Act Regulation, Alta. Reg. 366/2003 . 31-97

TRADE PRACTICES

Guidelines

Department of Consumer and Corporate Affairs Guidelines:

Appraised Values and Price Comparisons Guideline (1983) ................ 31-77Form of Undertaking (1983) ......................................................... 31-79Disclosure of Total Price (Automobiles) Guideline (1984) .................. 31-83

Misleading Estimates Guideline (1982)............................................ 31-85Promotional Terminology (Retail Merchants) Guideline .................... 31-87Motor Dealers’ Association of Alberta Advertising Code of Ethics ..... 31-89

Alberta Motor Vehicle Industry Council — Advertising Checklist....... 31-91Alberta Motor Vehicle Industry Council — General Codes of Conduct 31-97

TABLE OF CONTENTS


32 British Columbia


Statutes

Liquor Control and Licensing Act, R.S.B.C. 1996, c. 267, ss. 51-51.1 .. 32-1

Regulations

Liquor Control and Licensing Regulations, B.C. Reg. 244/2002,

ss. 56-57, 60................................................................................ 32-3

Guidelines

What Advertising Departments Need to Know: Advertising Rules forLiquor Licensees ......................................................................... 32-7

Ministry of Justice Liquor Control and Licensing Branch LiquorAdvertising ................................................................................. 32-9

AUTOMOTIVE ADVERTISING

Statutes

Motor Dealer Act, R.S.B.C. 1996, c. 316, s. 13 ................................ 32-35

Regulations

Motor Dealer Act Regulation, B.C. Reg. 447/78, ss. 23-27................. 32-37

Guidelines

Motor Dealer Guidelines (2003)..................................................... 32-39

Motor Vehicle Sales Authority Advertising Guidelines ...................... 32-56.1

CONSUMER PROTECTION/CONSUMER CREDIT/DIRECT MARKETING/TRADE PRACTICES

Statutes

Business Practices and Consumer Protection Act, S.B.C. 2008, c.15, ss. 1-4 ................................................................................... 32-57Public Safety and Solicitor General (Gift Card Certainty) Statutes

Amendment Act, 2008.................................................................. 32-94.89

Regulations

Business Practices and Consumer Protection Regulation, B.C. Reg.

294/2004 .................................................................................... 32-95Consumer Contracts Regulation, B.C. Reg. 272/2004........................ 32-101Disclosure of the Cost of Consumer Credit Regulation, B.C. Reg.

273/2004 .................................................................................... 32-104.3Telemarketer Licensing Regulation, B.C. Reg. 83/2005...................... 32-104.11Prepaid Purchase Cards Regulation, B.C. Reg. 292/2008 ................... 32-104.15

TABLE OF CONTENTS

vi

Payday Loans Regulation, B.C. Reg. 57/2009 .................................. 32-104.17Home Inspector Licensing Regulation B.C. 12/2009.......................... 32-104.25

Guidelines

Guidelines on Marketing Practices (Registered Insurance Brokers ofOntatio, 2011)............................................................................. 37-56.125

COUPONS AND TRADING STAMPS

Statutes

Trading Stamp Act, R.S.B.C. 1979, c. 407 [Repealed] ....................... 32-105

PACKAGING AND LABELLING

Regulations

Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System Regulation underthe Workplace Act [Repealed B.C. Reg. 296/97] ............................... 32-107

PRIVACY

Statutes

Personal Information Protection Act, S.B.C. 2003, c. 63.................... 32-113

Regulations

Personal Information Protection Act Regulations, B.C. Reg. 473/2003 32-122.20

Statutes

Privacy Act, R.S.B.C. 1996, c. 373 ................................................. 32-122.23

PYRAMIDIC SALES

Statutes

Multilevel Marketing Regulation Act, R.S.B.C. 1996, c. 322 [Repealed] 32-122.26

37 Ontario


Statutes

Liquor License Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. L.19, s. 38 ................................ 37-1

Regulations

Regulation under the Liquor License Act, R.R.O. 1990, Reg. 719, s. 8737-3

R.R.O. 1990, Reg. 720, s. 5........................................................... 37-4

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Guidelines

Liquor Advertising Guidelines: Liquor Sales Licensees and Manufacturers(Alcohol and Gaming Commission of Ontario, 2011)........................

37-5Advertising Guidelines: Ferment on Premise and Liquor Delivery LicenceHolders And Special Occasion Permit Holders (Alcohol and Gaming

Commission of Ontario, 2012) ....................................................... 37-13

Beer Sales in Grocery Stores FAQs (Alcohol andGaming Commission of Ontario, 2016)........................................... 37-20.1

Advertising Guidelines: Sale of Beer in Grocery Stores (Alcohol and

Gaming Commission of Ontario, 2015)........................................... 37-20.5

Sampling Guidelines (Alcohol and Gaming Commission of Ontario,2016)...... .................................................................................... 37-20.11

Selling Beer in Grocery Stores (Alcohol and Gaming Commission ofOntario, 2015)............................................................................. 37-20.17

AUTOMOTIVE ADVERTISING

Statutes

Motor Vehicle Dealers Act, S.O. 2002 c. 30, Schedule B, ss. 1, 26-33... 37-21

Regulations

Regulation under the Motor Vehicle Dealers Act, 2002, O. Reg. 332/08,ss. 1-9 ...................................................................................... 37-22.3Regulation under the Motor Vehicle Dealers Act, 2002, O. Reg. 333/08,ss. 1, 2, 36-50.............................................................................. 37-22.7

Guidelines

Ontario Motor Vehicle Industry Council: Standards of BusinessPractice...................................................................................... 37-23

CONSUMER PROTECTION/CONSUMER CREDIT/DIRECT MARKETING/TRADE PRACTICES

Statutes

Consumer Protection Act, 2002, S.O. 2002, c. 30, sched. A ................ 37-27Consumers Reporting Act, R.S.O. 1990, c. 33.................................. 37-56.32(1)payday Loans Act, 2008, S.O. 2008 ................................................ 37-56.32(19)

Regulations

Regulation under the Consumer Protection Act, 2002, O. Reg. 17/05 .. 37-56.33Regulation under the Consumer Protection Act, 2002, — Requirementsfor Direct Agreements Subject to Section 43.1 of Act, O. Reg. 8/18 .... 37-56.102(1)

Regulation under the Consumer Reporting Act, 1990, Reg. 177 ......... 37-56.102(7)

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Regulation under the Payday Loans Act, 2008—General, O. Reg. 98/09 .. 37-56.103

Regulation under the Payday Loans Act, 2008—AdministrativePenalties, O. Reg. 209/09 .................................................................. 37-56.32

(19)

Guidelines

Guidelines on Marketing Practices (Registered Insurance Brokers of

Ontatio, 2011)............................................................................. 37-56.125

Advertising Guidelines for Ontario Travel Retailers and TravelWholesalers, (Travel Industry Council of Ontario, 2017) ....................... 37-56.131


Regulations

Workplace Hazardous Materials Information System (WHMIS) Regulationunder the Occupational Health and Safety Act, O. Reg. 860/90, ss.

1-5, 8-16......................................................................................... 37-57

PRODUCT SAFETY

Regulations

Product Safety Regulation under the Electricity Act, 1998, O.Reg. 438/07 ................................................................................ 37-65

39 Quebec

Statutes

An Act Respecting Liquor Permits, R.S.Q., c. P-9.1, s. 114(12) .......... 39-1

Regulations

Regulation respecting promotion, advertising and educational programs

relating to alcoholic beverages ....................................................... 39-3Regulation respecting wine and other alcoholic beverages made or bottledby holders of a wine maker’s permit, O.C. 2166-83, ss. 5-8, 12-15 ....... 39-9

CONSUMER PROTECTION / CONSUMER CREDIT / CONSUMER PRO-DUCT WARRANTIES / DIRECT MARKETING

Statutes

Consumer Protection Act, R.S.Q., c. P-40.1..................................... 39-13

Regulations

Regulation Respecting the Consumer Protection Act, R.R.Q. 1981, c.P-40.1, r. 1 ................................................................................. 39-114

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Guidelines

Application Guide for Sections 248 and 249 (Advertising Intendedfor Children under 13 Years of Age) (Office de la protection du

consommateur, 1980) ................................................................... 39-169

CONTESTS

Statutes

An Act Respecting Lotteries, Publicity Contests and Amusement Machines,R.S.Q., c. L-6, ss. 1(b), (f), (h)-(j), 2, 19-20, 23(c), 32, 58-63, 67-71 ...... 39-177An Act Respecting the Regie des alcools, des courses et des jeux andamending various legislative provisions, S.Q. 1993, c. 39, ss. 1, 2, 23

and 39 ...................................................................................... 39-183

Regulations

Rules Respecting Publicity Contests, R.R.Q. 1981, c. L-6, s. 20 .......... 39-185

Notice of Holding of a Publicity Contest, R.S.Q., c. L-6, s. 59 ........... 39-188Guide for Person Holding a Publicity Contest ................................. 39-190

LANGUAGE OF ADVERTISING

Statutes

The Charter of the French Language, R.S.Q., c. C-11, Preamble andss. 1, 2, 5, 51-71, 89-93 ................................................................. 39-194

Regulations

Regulations Respecting the Language of Commerce and Business, O.C.1756-93, ss. 1-29 .......................................................................... 39-199Regulation Defining the Scope of the Expression “Markedly

Predominant” for the Purposes of the Charter of the FrenchLanguage ................................................................................... 39-204.1Regulation Facilitating the Implementation of the Second Paragraph

of Section 58.1 of the Charter of the French Language ..................... 39-205

Regulation of the Office quebecois de la langue francaise respectingthe definition of the term “head office” and the recognition of head

offices eligible for special agreements with the Office ........................ 39-206.1


Statutes

Food Products Act, C.Q.L.R. c. P-29 ............................................. 39-207

Regulations

Regulation Respecting Food, R.R.Q. 1981, c. P-29, r. 1, Divisions 1.5, 3.1,3.2 and 3.3 ................................................................................. 39-213

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Regulation Respecting Information on Controlled Products Underan Act Respecting Occupational Health and Safety, R.R.Q. 1981,c. S-2.1, r. 10.1, ss. 1-26................................................................ 39-215

PRIVACY

Statutes

An Act Respecting the Protection of Personal Information in the Private

Sector, R.S.Q., c. P-39.1 ............................................................... 39-221Legal Issues in Focus ................................................................... LIF-1

Index ...................................................................................... I-1

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