t he b rain 1. p arts of the b rain brainstem cerebellum diencephalon cerebrum 2
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THE BRAIN
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PARTS OF THE BRAIN
brainstem cerebellum diencephalon cerebrum
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PARTS OF THE BRAINSTEM
pons: connects the medulla oblongata, the cerebellum, and cerebrum
midbrain: contains auditory (hearing), visual (sight), and muscle control centers.
medulla oblongata: lowest and most posterior(at the back of the brain)
The hindbrain includes the pons and the
medulla.3
THE BRAINSTEM
4www.daviddarling.info/images/brainstem.jpg
THE PONS (THE BRIDGE)
Connects the medulla oblongata, cerebellum, and cerebrumAssociates with sensory nerves: taste, hearing, and balance.
Controls muscles of the face.
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THE MEDULLA OBLONGATA
controls alertness heart action respiration (breathing) blood pressure
connects the CEREBRUM with the SPINAL CORD the RIGHT side of the brain controls the LEFT side of the body. the LEFT side of the brain controls the RIGHT side of the body.
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THE MIDBRAIN
controls
visionhearingmuscles
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THE CEREBELLUM
coordinates muscle activity.has three parts:the vermisthe right cerebellar hemispherethe left cerebellar hemisphere
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THE DIENCEPHALON P
is located between the midbrain and the cerebrumhas three parts:the thalamus: receives sensory information and sends it to the cerebral cortex.the epithalamus: contains the pineal body and olfactory centers.the hypothalamus: connects the endocrine and nervous systems.
9http://www.daviddarling.info/encyclopedia/A/anatomy_and_physiology.html
THE HYPOTHALAMUS
connects the endocrine and nervous systems.controlsthe autonomic nervous systembody temperaturecarbohydrate and fat metabolismappetiteemotions
www.brainexplorer.org 10
THE CEREBRUM
is divided into two cerebral hemisphereshas an outer surface,
or CORTEX,
made of “gray matter”
www.laskerfoundation.org 11
THE CEREBRAL CORTEX
is divided into parts called lobes:1. the frontal lobe2. the parietal lobe3. the temporal lobe4. the occipital lobe
12www.colorado.edu
THE FRONTAL LOBE
is the center for voluntary movementis called the “motor area” (movement)includes the prefrontal area,
for intelligence, creativity, memory, and ideas.
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THE PARIETAL LOBE
Collects, recognizes, and organizes sensations:feelings of
paintemperaturetouchpositionmovement
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THE TEMPORAL LOBE
processes auditory (hearing) information stores auditory (hearing) and visual (seeing)
memories includes Broca’s speech area
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THE OCCIPITAL LOBE
is at the back of the cerebral hemisphereinvolves
visionvisual memoryeye movements
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SIDE TO SIDE?
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-The righthemisphere
controls the leftside of the body!
The left hemisphere
controls the right side of the body!