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AD-A241 145

GRADUATE SCHOOL OF OCEANOGRAPHYUNIVERSITY OF RHODE ISLAND

NARRAGANSETT, RHODE ISLAND

SYNOP INLET EXPERIMENT

Bottom Current Meter Data Reportfor

October 1987 to August 1990 Mooring Period

40 -0 a

0

35 701

GSO05 Technical Report No. 91-1-

by

Robert S. Pickart, Xiaoshu Qian and D. Randolph Watts

August 1991

This research program has been sponsored by the Office of Naval Research undercontracts N00014-87-K-0235 and N00014-90-J- 1548.

f , **~'~ -

Abstract

An array of five deep current meter moorings, each 100 m above the ocean bottom,was maintained along a line extending southeast from Cape Hatteras, NC for 34 months,from October 1987 through August 19c0. The transect line was part of the SYNOP(Synoptic Ocean Prediction experiment) inlet Array, which also had a surroundingarray of Inverted Echo Sounders. The line extended from approximately the 2300 m tothe 3800 m isobath (roughly 100 km long), intended to measure currents in the DeepWestern Boundary Current in the region where the Gulf Stream crosses over it. Thisreport describes the array design and data processing, and presents the basic statisticsfor each record. The current and temperature records are also displayed in 40-hourlow-passed time series plots.

I-l

Contents

Abstract1

List of Tablesii

List of Figures iv

1 Introduction 1

2 The Current Meter Array 1

3 Data Processing 6

4 Data Return 9

5 Data Presentation 95.1 Means and Statistics .. .. .. .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ..... 95.2 Tlime Series. .. .. .. ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ..... 17

Acknowledgments 38

References 38

List of Tables

I Mooring locations and deployment periods ..................... 62 Instrument types and serial numbers for each deployment ........... 63 Data return by deployment ....... ......................... 104.1 Basic statistics of the 40 hr low-passed data for the 1st deployment. . . 154.2 Basic statistics of the 40 hr low-passed data for the 2nd deployment... 154.3 Basic statistics of the 40 hr low-passed data for the 3rd deployment. . . 164.4 Basic statistics of the 40 hr low-passed data for the entire record length. 16

iii I

List of Figures

1 Moored arrays of the SYNOP experiment ..................... 2

2 The SYNOP Inlet array of near bottom current meters .............. 3

3 Diagram of the moorings used in the Inlet array ................ 4

4 Time line of data coverage for each BCM site .................. 5

5 Flow-chart of the data processing steps for Aanderaa current meters . . 7

6 Flow-chart of the data processing steps for Vector Averaging current meters 8

7 Mean current vectors and temperatures for each deployment ....... .. 11

7.1 First deployment ....... ............................... 11 07.2 Second deployment ..................................... 12

7.3 Third deployment ..................................... 3

7.4 Full deployment ....................................... 14

8 40 hr low-pa.sscd time series plots at each site .................. 18

8.1 BCM1. ............................................. 18

8.2 BCM2 ......... ................................... 21 08.3 BCM3 ...... ..................................... 24

8.4 BCM4 ........ ..................................... 27

8.5 BCM5 .......... .................................... 29

9 Comparison of the 40 hr low-passed velocity stick plots from all sites . . 32

10 Comparison of the 40 hr low-passed temperature plots from all sites . . 35

iv

. . .. • ,,, , ,i I iI I I I I I l l

1 Introduction

The Synoptic Ocean Prediction (SYNOP) experiment was a multi-institutional effurt sup-ported jointly by the National Science Foundation and Office of Naval Research to study thedynamics and predictability of the Gulf Stream. The overall goal of SYNOP was to obtain abetter physical understanding of large amplitude Gulf Stream meanders by considering thecurrent as part of a larger system which includes the cyclonic and anti-cyclonic recir',"1-tions and interactions with eddies and rings. The experiment had three major components:an extensive field program from 1987-1991, regional and basin scale numerical modeling,and analytical modeling. The field program included carefully coordinated moored arrays(Figure 1), Lagrangian float deployments, shipboard surveys and remote sensing.

This report summarizes results from the "SYNOP Inlet Array" of five deep currentmeters on a line near 35'30 N, 74000 W where the Gulf Stream crosses over the deepwestern boundary current (DWBC). This array of five current meters, each 100 m abovethe bottom, was maintained from October 1987 - August 1990 by the University of RhodeIsland (URI). The principal investigators were D. Randolph Watts and Robert S. Pickartand the project was funded by the Office of Naval Research. The current meter records forthe "SYNOP Central Array" were processed at The University of North Carolina and a;edocumented separately. The Inverted Echo Sounder and bottom pressure data from boththe Inlet and Central Arrays were processed at URI and have been documented in threetechnical reports (Qian et al., 1990; Fields and Watts, 1990; Fields and Watts, 1991a).

The main objectives of the Inlet experiment were to monitor the path parameters of theGulf Stream as it leaves the continental shelf (i.e. lateral displacement, angle, curvature)and measure the DWBC crossing under the Gulf Stream. The overall goal was to understandthe predictability of the downstream Gulf Stream based on these inlet parameters and tounderstand the interaction of the Gulf Stream and DWBC. The deep current meter datawere collected in three deployments of 8 months, 12 months, and 14 months. This report

describes the array design and the data processing steps, presents the mean quantities andstatistics for each deployment and for the total record length, and shows the 40 hr low-passedtime series.

2 The Current Meter Array

The five Inlet deep moorings were spaced roughly 25 km apart across the DWBC, extendingfrom 1900 m to 3800 m along the continental slope (Figure 2, Table 1). The mooring designis shown in Figure 3; in the first two deployments AANDERAA current meters (AACMs)were used, and for the third deployment Vector Averaging current meters (VACMs) wereused. Table 2 lists the serial numbers of the instruments by deployment. In all cases theinstruments were situated 100 m off the bottom. The AACMs recorded data once an hourand the VACMs once every 15 minutes. The first deployment lasted from Octobet 1987 -June 1988, the second deployment from June 1988 - June 1989, and the third deploymentfrom June i~ot - August 1990 (Figure 4; Table 1). The turnaround time for mooringswastypically 1 day (i.e. the time between the last good measurement of a deployment to thefirst good measurement of the next deployment). Thus it is straightforward to interpolatebetween deployments and obtain continuous 34-month records.

000) 00 F + 4 L 1

a+ <

~0 0 0 - ++~'

EE

0 cu I

0 00

00

500

0 CD

0) 7ECL CM 0 00

o 0 Ema5-

(0 V

0000l

z z zcI 0)0

-C _O 0Iti aplno- c

~- 0)0

LONGITUDE (W)77 75 73 71 69 67 6

0 38 -i

OCN0 M25

0

Figure 2: The SYNOP Inlet array of near bottom current meters. The dashed line is themean path of the Gulf Stream surface front (1975-1986) from Gilman and Cornillon (1990).

3

JURI SYNOP INLET SHORT MOORING 5-89 TRO 7

BO\&_INE KNOT/ 2 HALF- URI RADIO-FLASHEP

HITCHES . TIEJRAP TO END 0LINK IN POLYPRO TETHERCHAIN

.7 GLASS WEE_ON 3/8' CHAIN

5 METERS 3/8' VLS

LINE 0

ACURRENT METER

20 METERS 3/8' VLSLINE

RELEASECODE DATA.E---- ACOUSTIC RELEASE(BACS) 0

R ........

70 METERS 3/8' VLSLINE .

1 METER 3/8' CHAIN

R.R. WHEEL ANCHORWT. - 750 LBS

Figure 3: Moorings used in the Inlet array 0

4 •

1988 1959 19

ONDJFNAMJJASONDJFMAMJJASONDJFIAAKJJA Sd

U

BCG VT

U

SCN2 V

T

U

BCN3 VT

U

BCMN4 VT

U

BCk15 VT

Figure 4: Time line of data coverage for each BCM site

5

Table 1: Mooring location:, and deployment periods

Mean Position Mean Depth(m) Deployment PeriodsSite Lat (N) Long (W) CM Bottom 1987- 88 1988 - 89 V 19- 90BCM1 350 41.87 740 20.49 2301 2395 Cct 13 - May 27 Jun I - Jun 0 Jun 12 - Sep 1BCM2 350 33.42 740 07.87 2736 2830 Oct 13 - May 27 Jun 1- Jun 10 Jun 12 - Sep 1BCM3 350 25.25 730 t5.99 3031 3175 Oct 13 - May 27 Jun 1- Mar 8 Jun 12 - Sep 1RCM4 350 15.96 730 46.02 3390 3484 (no data) Jun 13- Jun 10 (no data) 0BCM5 350 07.79 730 33.93 3661 3755 Oct 13 - May 27 Jun 1 - Jun 7 Jun 12 - Sep 2

Table 2: Instrument types aad s-rial numbers for each deployment •BCM1 BCM2 BCM3 BCM4 BCM5

Deployment 1 AACM/7355 AACM 17360 AACM/7361 AACM/7362 AACM/7593Deployment 2 AACM/7358 AACMi7359 AACM/7357 AACM/7363 AACM/7356Deployment 3 VACM/V0189 VACM/V0645 VACM/V0647 VACM/V0501 VACM/V0646

3 Data Processing

Figures 5 and 6 show flow-charts of the prccessing steps required to transform the raw dataobtained from the current meter tapes to the final edited, 40 hr low-passed time series.Many of these steps were accomphished during the respective recovery cruises, and in oneinstance the processing was compieted aboard ship. The AACMs measured temperature,speed and direction (in counts) which were converted to engineering units using laboratory 0calibrations for temperature and direction ard the manufactu-er calibration for speed. Thelaboratory calibrations for the AACMs used in this experimel.t were performed at theUniversity of Rhode Island and are documented in a series of reports (Kim and Orvosh,1988a; Kim, 1989; Kim and Orvosh, 1988b; Kim and Orvosh, 1989). Pre-calibrations andpost-calibrations are compared ilk reports by Shay and Bane (1989) and He and Watts •(1990). The VACMs also measured .emperature, direction and speed; however, only thethermistors require calibration. The VACMs used in this experiaent were calibrated atthe Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) by their Buoy Group, and all of tkecalibrations are archived at WHOI. The direction measured by both types of current metersis magnetic north, which was converted to true nor'h by subtracting the magnetic correctionof 9.10 for this location. East (U) and north ('V) velocity time series were then created fromthe speed and direction measurements. The 40 hr low-pass filter applied to the editedengineering data was a 2nd order Butterworth filter passed over the data forward and inreverse, to create an effective symmetric 4th order filter with -6dB cutoff at 49.9m. Thisparticular filter was chosen for the entire SYNOtP data archive in order to help standardizethe, different data sets. For a detailed description of the Ritterworth filter see Fields et. al i 1991b).

C

ANDEPAA INSTRUMEN~TDATA TAPES

KERM-IT (PC 0 rIICROVAX)

EDITED- AANDERAA INTEEDATA SETS

COESICSAISTS T~LT

FigurEN5:FlowCr ofI DThe daT rSsnstpfoAaera retmes

DI, ESIK FPTOSU =SA7O

VACM INSTRLrMENT

DATA TAPES

C SEA DATA READER

VAX DISK FILES

S BUNS (DEM'ULTIPLEX)

"W"ASCII FILES (ON DISK) •

I0

SVERIFY THE TINE BASE&8 APPLY

CALIBRATION COEFFICIENTS

RAW SCIENTIFIC UNIT DATA SETS I

I9

.i.DESPIKE, IFTP TO SUN STATIC

CONVERT TO BINARY

B7NARY DATA SET ON SUN STATIONI

CORRECT FOR CLOCK DRIFT, F INA 1 1• POEDITING & LOW-PASS FILT' EING111! J

Figure 6: Flow-chart of the data processing steps for Vector Averaging current meters

8 a

I I I i i

4 Data Return

With the exception of BCM4 (Figure 2) the overall data return was excellent (Table 3).BCM4 failed to release after the first deployment and returned no usable data for the thirddeployment, so there is only one year of data at this location. The only other data lossoccurred during the second deployment; BCM4 (U, ViT) is 12 days short at the start ofthe record, and BCM3 (U, V) is short by 94 days at the end of the record (T is missingaltogether).

Wherever possible, records were merged to create continuous 34-month time series. Toconnect two time series a simple linear interpolation was used (as mentioned above the datagap was usually about a day). BCM1, BCM2 and BCM5 have complete 34-month records;BCM3 is nearly complete in U and V (3-month gap), but has a year gap in T (Figure 4).

5 Data Presentation

5.1 Means and Statistics

The mean current vectors and temperatures for each deployment period are displayed inFigures 7.1-7.3. The dashed line represents the mean path of the Gulf Stream surfacefront from 1975-1986 (Gilman and Cornillon, 1990). The 34-month means are shown inFigure 7.4 (BCM3 is a 31-month mean). Tables 4.1-4.4 list the statistics for U,V,T byindividual deployment as well as full-length continuous records.

9

Table 3: Data return by deployment 0

First Deployment

(from October 1987 to May 1988)

SITE U V T REMARK

BCM1 100% 100% 100%BCM2 100% 100% 100%BCM3 100% 100% 100%BCM4 0% 0% 0% failed to release

BCM5 100% 100% 100%

Second Deployment

(from June 1988 to June 1989)

SITE U V T REMARK

BCM1 100% 100% 100%BCM2 100% 100% 100%BCM3 75% 75% 0%BCM4 97% 97% 97%BCM5 100% 100% 100%

Third Deployment 0

(from June 1989 to September 1990)

SITE U V T REMARK

BCMI 100% 100% 100%BCM2 100% 100% 100%BCM3 100% 100% 100%BCM4 0% 0% 0% bad data

BCM5 100% 100% 100%

10 0

LONGITUDE (W)77 75 73 71 69 67 65

IC

I I

z0

r0

38

Li

-3

36 " CC

Figure 7.1: Mean current vectors and temperatures (in parentheses) for the 1st deployment.

BCM4 returned no data in the 1st deployment.

11

LONGITUDE (W)77 7.5 7.3 7 1 6 9 6 7 665 l

40

0

0

z 38

o -So

D

36

5cm/sec/;%

Figure 7.2: Mean current vectors and temperatures (in parentheses) for the 2nd deployment.

12

LONGITUDE (W)77 75 73 71 go 67 65

40

0

0

-_8

.76 C) 5cm/sec(2.43(2

0 * C)34

Figure 7.3: Mean current vectors and temperatures (in parentheses) for the 3rd deployment.BCM4 returned no usable data in the 3rd deployment.

13

LONGITUDE (W)77 75 73 71 69 67 65

40

0

z 3

LLJ

a/_J

36

(.1C5cm/sec

34 0

Figure 7.4: Mean current vectors and temperatures (in parentheses) for the entire deploy-ment (BCM4 is excluded since there was only one year of data at that site).

14 S

Table 4.1: Basic statistics of the 40 hr low-passed data for the 1st deployment. Units are*C for temperature and cm/sec for velocity.

Site Var Min Max Mean Stdv

BCM1 U -13.790 15.714 -1.398 4.464BCM1 V - 17.378 8.280 -2.891 5.323BCM1 T 2.911 3.539 3.279 0.116

BCM2 U -18.813 26.645 -0.242 8.315BCM2 V -28.926 15.766 -3.209 8.145BCM2 T 2.488 3.058 2.766 0.107

BCM3 U -16.972 13.893 -2.151 6.600BCM3 V -21.598 14.772 -3.207 6.719BCM3 T 2.117 2.645 2.385 0.100

BCM5 U -22.034 23.246 -1.419 8.913BCM5 V -23.983 28.211 -1.530 9.695BCM5 T 2.168 2.323 2.215 0.036

Table 4.2: Basic statistics of the 40 hr low-passed data for the 2nd deployment. Units are*C for temperature and cm/sec for velocity.


BCM1 U -16.639 14.185 -2.527 4.906BCM1 V -16.830 12.485 -3.440 5.647BCM1 T 2.916 3.541 3.238 0.112

BCM2 U -18.202 18.784 -0.937 5.739BCM2 V -18.630 12.411 -2.620 5.508BCM2 T 2.390 3.082 2.756 0.135

BCM3 U -21.504 12.731 -3.153 6.119BCM3 V -18.182 9.784 -2.965 4.841

BCM4 U -13.638 20.312 -2.361 5.179BCM4 V -16.840 21.452 -3.720 6.261BCM4 T 2.137 2.459 2.239 0.049

BCM5 U -20.955 29.125 -2.959 8.258BCM5 V -20.581 23.399 -3.279 7.923BCM5 T 2.121 2.291 2.179 0.035

15

Table 4.3: Basic statistics of the 40 hr low-passed data for the 3rd deployment. Units are°C for temperature and cm/sec for velocity.


BCM1 U -21.535 14.097 -1.428 4.269BCM1 V -18.724 12.882 -3.227 5.668BCM1 T 2.850 3.591 3.257 0.103

BCM2 U -21.413 31.374 -0.236 6.834BCM2 V -35.765 18.226 -3.909 7.400BCM2 T 2.234 3.189 2.754 0.138

BCM3 U -21.616 21.531 -1.606 6.455BCM3 V -36.197 20.916 -4.170 7.410BCM3 T 2.153 2.914 2.428 0.117

BCM5 U -22.822 22.478 -2.920 5.940 SBCM5 V -34.725 16.651 -3.865 7.942BCM5 T 2.139 2.324 2.197 0.035

Table 4.4: Basic statistics of thc 40 hr low-passed data for the entire record length. Unitsare *C for temperature and cm/sec for velocity.


BCMI U -21.535 15.714 -1.814 4.579BCM1 V -18.724 12.882 -3.230 5.591

BCM1 T 2.850 3.591 3.255 0.110

BCM2 U -21.413 31.374 -0.488 6.840

BCM2 V -35.765 18.226 -3.296 6.991

BCM2 T 2.234 3.189 2.757 0.131

BCM3 U -21.616 21.531 -2.191 6.427

BCM3 V -36.197 20.916 -3.586 6.605

BCM3 T 2.117 2.914 2.414 0.113

BCM5 U -22.822 29.125 -2.607 7.548

BCM5 V -34.725 28.211 -3.148 8.396BCM5 T 2.121 2.324 2.194 0.038

16

5.2 Time Series

The time series at each site are displayed in Figures 8.1-8.5. In each figure the top panelshows temperature (T), the middle panel showc east velocity (U) and north velocity (V),and the bottom panel shows the vector stick plot. For presentation purposes the stickplots have been subsampled every 12 hours. The data are displayed versus yearday as wellas calendar month; the deployment number (1, 2 or 3) is labelled at the top. The gapsare either data loss (see above) or turnaround time between deployments. For comparisonpurposes the velocity and temperature scales are the same in each graph.

Figure 9 contains the vector stick plots for each site displayed in stack form; this allowsfor direct comparison of the currents across the array (the velocity scale is the same foreach site). Figure 10 stacks the temperatures at all five sites on the same time axis as inFigure 9.

17

13CM 1

4.00

Deployment I Deployment 2

F- 3.00

00

40 -20

20

20 -

E

W -20

-4

>

300 360 420 480 540 60001 -DEC-87 01-MAR-88 01-JUN-88 01-SEP-88

YEARDAY (ref year =1987)

Figure 8.1: 40 hr low-passed time series at BCM1. The entire record length is shown (thereis a short break between deployments). The top panel is temperature, the middle paneleast (U) and north (V) velocity, and the bottom panel vector stick plot.

BCY1 (continued)

4.00 I

Deployment 2 Deployment 3

20

40

20

2 0

-20 -0

W-20

30 6 2 8 4 0

01DC8 1MR8 1JN8 1SP8

YERA.(efyar=1)8

01

0

BCMI (con inued)

4.00 F I I IDeployment3

E,, 3.00

2oC F I I I J I

F F I I I I2, OC

4 0

20 2

F -40

-20f-

L' F0 I I F F I F

0

- _22 , J

30: 5C 420 480 540 600

01-DEC 89 01 -MAR-90 01-JUN-90 01-SEP-90 S

YEARDAY (ref year - 1989)

2C S

BCM?

4.00 I jIT - -

Deployment I Deployment 2 _J

3.00 2

S i i I I I I I I 1 I

40-

20

* -20

E -

- 20 -- -4

-20

C-,

-20

300 360 420 480 540 600

01-DEC-87 01-MAR-88 0,-JUN-88 01-SEP-88

YEARDAY (ref year = 1987)

Figure 8.2: 40 hr low-passed time series at BCM2.

21

BCM2 (continued)

400-~


~3.00

00

20

40

v w20 -

-20

-20

I0AT It I I

S-20

300 360 420 480 540 60d

01-DEC-88 01 -MAR-89 01-JUN-89 01-SEP-89


22

4.00 BCM2 (coni nued)

Deployment 3

1-300

20

400

20U

20

-20

-20

300 360 420 480 540 60001-DEC-89 01 -MAR-90 01-JUN-90 01-SEP-90


23

BCM3

4.00


3.00 0

2- .00

200

40 -

20 -20

-40

20

0 -00

- 20-

300 360 420 480 540 600

01-DEC-87 01-MAR-88 01-JUN-88 01-SEP-80



24

BCM3 (continued)

4 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1


E- 3.00

2 .I I I I I I I I I

_1 1 I 1 1 1 1 I I I 1

40

20 U

2 -- 20

0

, I

40U 20 -v

w-20

300 360 420 480 540 600,01-DEC-88 01-MAR-89 01-JUN-89 01-SEP-89


25

BCM3 (continued)

4.00

Deployment 3

200

400

2.00

200

-20

0 A.-40

20 0

00

> 0

300 360 420 480 540 60001-DEC-89 01 -MAR-90 01-JUN-90 01-SEP-900


260

BCM4

4.00 iI IT


E-. 5.00

S.00

40

202

+0 -

A -0-20 -

-20

0

-40)

-20

U 20v

E

0

W -20

I I I I I I I I I -

300 360 420 480 540 600

01-DEC-87 01-MAR-88 01-JUN-88 01-SEP-88



27

BCH4 (continued)

4.00I I I I I

Deployment 2 Deployment 3i

200

40 30

00

02

404

-20

202

ECQ

0-40

w -20

P.

30 6 2 8 4 0

01DC8 1MR8 1JN8 1SP8

YERA rfya 98

280

BCM5

4.00 I

I Deployme~nt 1 Deployment 2

i3.00

200

20

40

20 [_v

200

-200

-209

BCM5 (continued)

4.00


200

0.0

IV V I

2020

404

20U

U 2

300 30 420480 50 20

300

IBCM5 (continued)

4.00I II

Deployment 3

2.00

20

40

20

00

C.40

-- 20

20-40

UV-20'

300 360 420 480 540 600S01-DEC-89 01-MAR-90 01-JUN-90 01-SEP-90


* 31

COMPARATIVE STICK PLOT (sampling period: 0.5 day)

-20 -BM

00

-20

0

-20

0

-20

00

-20 -

300 360 420 480 540 60001 -DEC-87 01 -MAR-88 01-JUN-88 01 -SEP-8


Figure 9: Comparison of the 40 hr low-passed stick plots frorri all sites

32

COMPARATIVE STICK PLOT (Continued)

20 -BCM I

-20

-20

0

-20

300 360 420 480 540 b01-DEC-88 01-MAR-89 01-JUN-89 01-SEF-89


33

COMPARATIVE STICK PLOT (Continued)

20

0

20 - BCM4

(No data)

20K

L

20 BCM5

300 360 420 480 540 60001-DEC --89 0 1-MAR-90 01-JUN-90 01-SEP-90

"EARDAY (ref year = 1989)

340

COMPARATIVE TEMPERATURE PLOT (sampling period 1 hour)


BCM I

32

4 I 1

BCM2

4 I II

BCM3

2 'IF I I I I I ]BCM4

2I II I

BCM5

2 L I I I I - I

300 360 420 480 540 6%001-DEC-87 01-MAR-88 01-JUN-88 01-SEP-88


Figure 10: Comparison of the 40 hrlow-passed t(r -erature plots from all sites

35

COMPARATIVE TEMPERATURE PLOT (continued)

I I I I I BCMZ I

3'

o BCM3

4CM

BCM5

300 360 420 480 540 60001-DEC-88 01-MAR-89 01-jUN-89 01-SEP-89

YEARDAY (ref year: 1988)

36

COMPARATIVE TEMPERATURE PLOT (continued)

Deployment 3

BCM2

3

I2

2 I II I I "1 I I

BCM2

BCM3

3

2]

BCM5

3

I2

i 4 I I I I

300 360 420 480 540 60001-DEC-89 01-MAR-90 01-JUN-90 01-SEP-90

YEARDAY (ref year: 1989)

37

Acknowledgments

The SYNOP Inlet Array was funded by the Office of Naval Research under contractsN00014-87-K-0235 and N00014-90-J-1548. Many persons contri'lted to the suczess of theexperiment. The shipwork was carried out during cruises OC200 and OC207 of the R/VOCEANUS and cruises EN169 and EN216 of the R/V ENDEAVOR. Mooring operationswere handled at different stages of the experiment by the Woods Hole Oceanography Insti-tution (WHOI) Buoy Group, the Oregon State University (OSU) Mooring Group, and theUniversity of Rhode Island (URI) Technical Services Group. Ship-board data processingand trouble shooting were aided by John Bane of the University of North Carolina (UNC)and Jay Simpkins of OSU. Some of the post-cruise processing was carried out by Sara Hainesand Tom Shay of UNC, and Karen Tracey and Erik Fields of URI.

REFERENCES

Fields, E. and D. R. Watts. 1990. The SYNOP Experiment: Inverted echo sounder datareport for May 1988 to Aug 1989. University of Rhode Island. GSO Technical ReportNo. 90-2, 232pp.

Fields, E. and D. R. Watts. 1991a. The SYNOP Experiment: Inverted echo sounder datareport for June 1989 to Sept 1990. University of Rhode Island. GSO Technical ReportNo. 91-2, 255pp.

Fields, E., K.L. Tracey, and D. R. Watts. 1991b. Inverted echo sounder processing Report.University of Rhode Island. GSO Technical Report No. 91-3, 150pp.

Gilman, C. and P. Cornillon 1990. Gulf Stream Position Time Series. J. Geophys. Res.(Submitted).

He, Y and D.R. Watts. 1990. Comparison of 1988/89 and 1990 SYNOP AACM Temper-ature and Pressure Calibrations. Unpublished document, 8pps, 31 Dec 1990.

Kim, H and T.S. Orvosh. 1988a. Aanderaa Current Meter Calibration Report I (Deployedon OC200 for recovery on OC207 and OC210, URI moorings). Unpublished document,May 1988.

Kim, H. 1989. Aanderaa Current Meter Calibration Report II (Deployed on OC200 forrecovery on OC207 and OC210, Miami moorings). Unpublished document, May 1989.

Kim, H and T.S. Orvosh. 1988b. Aanderaa Current Meter Calibration Report 89-1 (De-ployed on 0C207 for recovery on EN216). Unpublished document, May 1988.

Kim, H and T.S. Orvosh. 1989. Aanderaa Current Meter Calibration Report 89-2 (De-ployed on OC210 for recovery on EN216). Unpublished document, July 1989.

Qian, X, K.L. Tracey, E. Fields and D. R. Watts. 1990. The SYNOP Experiment: Invertedecho sounder data report for October 1987 to May 1988. University of Rhode Island.GSO Technical Report No. 90-3, 156pp.

Shay, T.J. and J.M. Bane. 1989. Comparison of 1988 and 1989 SYNOP AACM Temper-ature and Pressure Calibrations. Unpublished document, 4pps, 11 Sept 1989.

38

SECURITY CLASSIFICATION OF THIS PAGE

REPORT DOCUMENTATION PAGEa. ;REPORT SECURITY CLASSiFICATION 1b. RESTRICTIVE MARKINGSUnclassified

2a. SECURITY CLASSIFICATION AUTHORITY 3 DISTRIBUTION/ AVAILABILITY OF REPORT

Zb. DECL.ASSiFICATIONi DOWNGRADING SCHIEDULE Distribution for Public release;Distribution is unlimited.

t P!~vF RISSI1 RGAZh0NfPjSTP8MRS) S. MONITORING ORGANIZATION REPORT NUMBER(S)Graduate chool of oceanographyGSO Technical Report 91-1

6.. NAME OF PERFORMING ORGANIZATION 'I6b. OFFICE SYMBOL 'a. NlAME OF MONITORING ORGANIZATIONUniv. of Rhode Island (if apolicabie)Grad.School of Oceanograph 1122 PO

6C. ADDRESS 'Gty, State. anld ZIP Code) 7b. ADDRESS (City, State, and ZIP Cood.)South Ferry RoadNarragansett, RI. 02882

8a. NAME OF FUNDING iSPONSORING Sb. OFFICE SYMBOL 9. PROCUREMENT INSTRUMENT IDENTIFICATION NUMBER

Of~TiGetTFNaval Research (ff applikable)National Science FoundatioISt. ADDRESS (City, Start, and ZIP Code) 10. SOURCE OF FUNDING NUMBERS800 N. Quincy St.,Arlington, VA 22217 PROGRAM PROJECT TASK _WORK UNIT1800 G.St., N.W., Washington, DC 20550 ELEMENT NO. NO. NO. CICESSION NO.

11. TITLE (Include Security Ciauafication)I .I1

SYNOP INLET EXPERIMENT: Bottom Current Meter Data Reprot for October 1987 toAugust 1990 Mooring Period

12. PERSONAL AUTHOR(S)Robert S. Pickart, Xiaoshu Qian and D. Randolph Watts

13a. TYPE OF REPORT 13b. TIME COVERED 1 4. DATE OF REPORT1 ar 5t,3 SsumaryFROM 10/87 TO 8/90 August 1 9 ' . COUN

16. SUPPLEMENTARY NOTATION

17. COSATI CODES 16. SUBJECT TERMS (Conitinue on reverse if necftlary and idenribiy by block nuombe)FIELD I GROUP ISUB-.GROUP I Gulf Stream - Cape Hatteras, Deep Current Meters,

SY NO P

19. ABSTRACT (Continue on reverse if neceuary and idlentity by block number)An array of five deep current meter moorings, each 100 m above the

ocean bottom, was maintained along a line extending southeast from CapeHatteras, NC for 34 months, from October 1987 through August 1990. Thetransect line was part of the SY170P (Synoptic Ocean Prediction experiment)Inlet Array, which also had a surrounding array of Inverted Echo Sounders.The line extended from approximately the 2300 m to.the 3800 m isobath(roughly 100 km long) , intended to measure currents in the Deep WesternBoundary Current in the region where the Gulf Stream crosses over it. Thisreport describes the array design and data processing, and presents thebasic statistics for each record. The current and temperature recordsare also displayed in 40-hour low-passed time series plots.

20. :)ISTRIiuON 'AVAILABILITy OF ABSTRAC7T 21. ABSTRACT SECURITY CLASSIFICATIONl:UNCLASSiFIED/UNLIMITED :1 SAME AS RPT Z3 DT'C USERS

22a. NAME OF IESPONSIBLE NOIVIDUAL 22b. rELEPH.ONE (InedU.e Area CO(e) 22c. OFFICE SYMBOL

00 FORM 1473,84 MAR a3 APR oditiom may oe used until oxnausteo. SECURITY CLAssIFCATION OF -His 2AGEAll other editions are obsolete.

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