sustainable development in jamaica

8/13/2019 Sustainable Development in Jamaica

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SUSTAINABLE

DEVELOPMENT INJAMAICA

Presented by

Sustainable Development and Regional Planning DivisionPlanning Institute of Jamaica

Speakers BureauNovember 9, 2005


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Squatter settlement sufferfrom floodingDeforestation to accommodate housing

Street vending

Traffic Congestion

Urban decayMore pressure on the police force due to

increased crime and violence


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SD is balancing economic , social andenvironmental objectives the three

dimensions of sustainable development integrating them where possible, .. andmaking trade offs where it is not possible..

What is Sustainable Development?


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Social

EquityParticipation Empowerment Social Mobility

Cultural Preservation

EconomicServices

Household Needs Industrial Growth

Agricultural Growth

Efficient Use of Labour

Environment Biodiversity

Natural ResourcesCarrying Capacity

Ecosystem Integrity

Clean Air and Water


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Social Issues

High crime rate and lack of social cohesionIncreasing prevalence of HIV/AIDSLarge number of persons living in poverty

Relatively high levels of illiteracy and low levels oftechnological competenceBreakdown of traditional family structures andvaluesSubstance abuse and drug traffickingJuvenile delinquencyPopulation structure and distribution


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Economic Issues

High levels of IndebtednessUnemployment and underemploymentTrade Imbalance

Heavy dependence on imported products andservicesDependent on low cost primary products

Protracted period of low economic growthInadequate economic diversification


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Environmental Issues

Surface and ground water pollutionDeforestation and watershed degradation

Degradation of coastal and marine resourcesInadequate solid waste managementInappropriate land use practices

Unplanned developmentInappropriate use of natural resources

Vulnerability to natural hazards


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Background

In 1987, the UN-sponsored BrundtlandCommission released Our Common Future , areport that captured widespread concernsabout the environment and poverty in manyparts of the world.


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Background

The Brundtland Report:economic development cannot stop but mustchange course to fit within the planet's ecologicallimits.

popularized the term sustainable development -defined as development that meets present needswithout compromising the ability of futuregenerations to meet their own needs.


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Background ???Rio Earth Summit, 1992

Adoption of Agenda 21 and the Principles contained in the RioDeclaration on Environment and DevelopmentJamaica made a commitment to adopt National Strategies ForSustainable Development (NSDS)

World Social Summit for Social Development1995Millennium Development Goals

World Summit on Sustainable Development(WSSD)


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Millennium Development Goals

1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger2. Achieve universal primary education3. Promote gender equity and empower women4. Reduce child mortality5. Improve maternal health6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases7. Ensure environmental sustainability8. Develop a global partnership for development


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Selected SD InitiativesMedium Term Social and Economic Policy

Framework 2004 - 2007The Jamaica National Environmental Action Plan(JaNEAP)

Hazard Mitigation PolicyNational Poverty Eradication Programme

(NPEP)

Sustainable Rural Development PolicyNational Population Policy, andPATH


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Selected SD Tools and Methodologies

Quantitative and qualitative analysisEnvironmental & Strategic Impact Assessments(EIA & SEA)

Poverty mappingProject Planning, Monitoring and EvaluationIndicators trackingHazard impact assessmentSpatial planning (urban and regional)Valuation of Environmental ResourcesGeographic Information System


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What a Geographic InformationSystem Does

A GIS manages:information about locations & their physical

relations to each other

information about things that move through

space e.g. humans, clouds, poisonous gases


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Simple Uses of GIS in HealthDistribution of Visits to Health Centres for Non-Communicable

Chronic Diseases


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Simple Uses of GIS in Health


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Using GIS to Assist in the Identificationof Communities Prone to Inner-City Violence

A practical source of information for unreportedcases of violence are the nations major hospitals

Most victims plan to avenge their perpetrators assoon as they leave hospital.

In response to the probable high level of homicides(GOJ) & (IDB) has established an InjurySurveillance System in major hospitals across the

island.


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ObjectivesTo determine the distribution of injuries atsentinel sites across Jamaica

To provide baseline data against whichinterventions can be monitored in the future

To provide information to guide the design andimplementation of relevant policies andprograms to reduce fatal and non-fatalintentional and un-intentional injuries



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MethodologyViolence-Related Injury Surveillance System(VRISS) was installed at the A&E department ofthe KPH

For each patient the following was recorded:type of injurygeographic location of the incident causing the injury

the date of the injury.

Injury Locations for the months of September1999 to December 1999 was captured and analyzedusing a GIS software


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500 0 500 1000 1500 2000 Meters

KMA Communities

Street

Churches

Legend

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Denham Town

Hannah Town

West Downtown

East Downtown

Allman Town

Vineyard Town

Mountain View Gardens

D e a n e r y

R d

La n g s t o n R d

W i n d w a r d R d

U p p e r E l l e t s o n R d

S o u t h C

a m p

R d

Ea st Q uee n S t

Wa te r L a

D u k e

S t

L y

n d h

u r st R d

S l i p

e R d

S p a n i s h T o w n R d

M o u n t a i n V

i e w A v e

St John's

St Annie's

Church of Christ

Wesley Methodist

Bethel Tabernacle

Regent Street SDA

Grace Temple Church

City Mission Church

St Theresa's Catholic

Mount Zion Fellowship

Christ Church Anglican

Hanover Street Baptist

Baptist Church Assembly

Church of God Holliness

New Testament Church of God

High Holborn Church of God

Denham Town Baptist

Mount Caramel Revival Mission

United Holy Church o f Jamaica

Mystic Holliness Church of Go d

New Testament Church of God

N

EW

S

Homicides"

Anti-Crime Initiative ProjectChurch Locations & Homicides 2002


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BenefitsThe MOH is now using this information to spearheadproject proposal to reduce the risk of conflict thatmay result in homicides in violence pronecommunities.

The police can now prepare more comprehensivereports on assault related cases and identifycommunities or hot spots for intervention.



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Benefits contdReduction in the amount of public fund spentto treat violence related injuries

Identification of hotspots can be analysed

with other socio-economic data e.g. poverty,education



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Transparent and participatory decision- making

processes

VISION for Sustainable Development


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Discussion

sustainable development in jamaica

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