Summary

Brief Information on Nanofibers

Electro Hydrodynamic Atomization (EHDA) Processes: Electrospinning andElectrospraying

Research Statistics

Nanofibers in Biomedical Field

Market Analysis For Nanofibers In Biomedical Field

A new Approach: Hybrid Electrospinning Technology

Electrospun Nanofibers

Fiber diameter less than 1 µm is mostly defined as nanofiber.

Human Hair

Nanofibers

Advantages Of Nanofibers

High Surface Area(1-1000 m²/g)

High Porosity(ca. 80%)

Flexibility

Small diameters(10 nm-200 nm)

Applications Of Nanofibers

Electro Hydrodynamic Atomization (EHDA)Electrohydrodynamic atomization phenomena is used for building micro- or nanometer architectures, such asfibers and encapsulated particles with a controllable microstructure.

Electrohydrodynamic atomization techniques:1. Electrospraying2. Electrospinning.

Wu, Y., & Clark, R. L. (2008).

Electrospray/Electrospraying

The liquid flowing out of a capillary nozzle, which is maintained at high electric potential, is forced by theelectric field to be dispersed into fine droplets.

Steps of micro- and nanoparticle production via electrospraying.

Schematics of setup for electrospraying(Wu Y (2014))

(Jaworek, A., & Sobczyk, A. T. (2008))

ElectrospinningElectrospinning is a fiber production method which uses electricforce to draw charged threads of polymer solutions or polymermelts up to fiber diameters in the order of some hundrednanometers.Morota, K and others (2004)

A basic electrospinning system mainly consists of three parts;

polymer feeding unit,

high voltage power supply

collector

Electrospinning vs ElectrosprayingThe difference between the electrospinning and electrospraying techniques lies in the chain entanglement density of the polymer solution.

Surface SEM images of electrospun thin films from polymer solution with various concentrations at 4.5 kV: (a) 5, (b) 10, (c) 20, (d) 30, (e) 40, (f) 50, (g) 60, and (h) 70 g/L.

Morota, K and others (2004)

(URL-1 Electrospinning Cost Action MP1206)

Research Interest in Nanofibers

Data is generated on SCOPUS databaseKeywords: electrospinning OR nanofibers OR electrospun OR nanofiberSearched In: TITLE-ABSTRACT-KEYWORDS

33 50 71 153

266

388 70

9 1067 14

93 1835 24

00 2820 31

81

3975 43

00 4913

5733 60

19 6325

7002 75

73

0

1000

2000

3000

4000

5000

6000

7000

8000

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

PAPE

RS P

UBL

ISH

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YEARSData Generation Date: 07 October 2019

Data was taken from ESPACENET Worldwide by Searching «nanofiber orelectrospinning» in «Title or Abstract» for 2001 to now.

Number Of Patents By Year

17 57 71 121

160 25

8 324 41

9

476 61

7

644 82

1 1010 1079 13

23 1472

1749

2074

0

500

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2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018

PATE

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Data Generation Date: 07 October 2019

Nanofibers in Filtration

Nanofibers applications in tissue engineering

• Bone tissue regeneration• Cartilage tissue regeneration• Muscle tissue regeneration• Tendon/ligament tissue regeneration• Nerve tissue regeneration• Heart valve tissue regeneration• Dental regeneration• Skin tissue regeneration

Drug Delivery Applications

• Controlled release, • Slow delivery, • Targeted delivery are the benchmarks for designing efficient drug delivery carriers

Factors to be considered for designing efficient drug delivery systems.

Ramakrishna, S. (2017).

Advantages of nanofibers as drug delivery systems

For drug delivery applications,electrospinning is the most activelyemployed method for fabricatingdrug-loaded nanofibers, due to;• its high loading capacity,• high encapsulation efficiency,• simultaneous delivery of diverse

therapies,• ease of operation,• cost effectiveness(Zamani et. al., 2013)

The main mechanism of the drug release from nanofibre matrices is;• desorption from the nanofibre surface,• diffusion through the channels and pores of

nanofibres or matrix degradation • a combination of them.

Nanofibers for Wound Healing Applications

Correia, I. J. (2018).

Representation of the properties that electrospun membranes must display to be used as wound dressings.

Vascular Tissue Engineering

Nanofibrous tubular vascular scaffold producedusing Inovenso NS24

The use of electrospun nanofibers for arterial tissue engineered vascular graft fabrication is common and attractive because it provides;• ease of construction, • biocompatibility, • favorable cellular interactions,• adequate mechanical properties such as high

durability and compliance.

Market Size of Nanofiber Based Biomedical Materials

The global nanofiber materials market for the biomedical industry was valued at $79.82 million in 2016 and is estimated to reach $227.45 million by 2021, growing at a CAGR of 23.3%.

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119.71

147.62

182.54

227.45

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25

30

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50

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250

2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021

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)

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ket S

ize (U

SD m

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Market Size Growth Rate

Global Market For Biomedical Industry By Application 2016 and 2021 ($ millions)

TYPE 2016 2021Filters and membranes 35,12 106,26Medical textiles and wound dressings 20,75 60,66Tissue engineering 12,77 34,2Drug delivery 6,39 15,57Others 4,79 10,76

Filters and membranes

44%

Medical textiles and wound

dressing 26%

ue engineering16%

Drug delivery8%

Others6%

2016

Filters and membranes

47%

Medical textiles and wound

dressing 26%

Tissue engineering15%

Drug delivery7%

Others5%

2021

Other applications of nanofibers in the biomedical industry include biosensors, dental fixtures, and stem cell therapy

A New Approach to the Technology: Hybrid Electrospinning

A new Approach : Hybrid Electrospinning Technology

Conventional needle-based Systems Inovenso’s Hybrid Electrospinning Systems

Needleless Electrospinning systems

Easy to set-up Easy to set-up Complex set-up procedure

All polymers can be used, but fast evaporating solvents can cause needle clogging.

Possible to work with all kinds of polymer solutions. No clogging problem.

Not possible to work with fast evaporating solvents.

Low electrical power. 10 – 30 KV Relatively higher power Up to 50KV Very high electrical power. 80 – 120 KV

Uniform jet distribution Uniform and stable jet distribution Non-controllable jet during the operation

Low production rate High production rate High production rate

Full control of the process Precise and full control of the process

Hard to control the process parameters

Defectless Nanofibers Defectless Nanofibers Beaded and defected structures

Uniform fiber morphology Uniform morphology Non-uniform morphology

A new Approach : Hybrid Electrospinning Technology Hybrid Electrospinning Head / Standard Syringe Nanofiber comparison

14G 14G 14G

Hybrid Nozzle Hybrid Nozzle Hybrid Nozzle

Single Hybrid Nozzle

Multi Hybrid Nozzle

Inovenso researches, develops, designs and produces high qualityelectrospinning machines and offer services related to Nanofibers-Based products development and contract manufacturing.

Inovenso’s Founders started their researches under structure ofNanofiber Membrane Group of Istanbul Technical University (ITU)in 2005 and commercialized their activities under Inovenso in ITUTechnology Development Center in Istanbul, Turkey in 2010.

Inovenso US Company is established in Boston/Massachusetts in2017 both for the US based and Canadian Customers, also for thepotential collaborations and projects with academia.

Strengths• More than 10 years experience on electrospinning technology.

• Worldwide operation from 2 official offices in Istanbul, Boston and 5 distributors.

• Patent owning for the most effective method of electrospinning, Hybrid Technology.

• Over 10 succesfuly completed national and international projects.

References

ReferencesWu, Y., & Clark, R. L. (2008). Electrohydrodynamicatomization: a versatile process for preparingmaterials for biomedical applications. Journal ofBiomaterials Science, Polymer Edition, 19(5), 573–601

Jaworek, A., & Sobczyk, A. T. (2008).Electrospraying route to nanotechnology: Anoverview. Journal of Electrostatics, 66(3-4), 197–219.

Wu Y (2014) Electrohydrodynamic AtomizationProcessing Biologically Nanostructured MaterialsBioceram Dev Appl 4:e105. doi:10.4172/2090-5025.1000e105

Morota, K., Matsumoto, H., Mizukoshi, T., Konosu, Y.,Minagawa, M., Tanioka, A., … Inoue, K. (2004).Poly(ethylene oxide) thin films produced byelectrospray deposition: morphology control andadditive effects of alcohols on nanostructure.Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, 279(2),484–492

Langer, R. & Vacanti, J. Tissue engineering. Science(80-. ). 260, 920–926 (1993).

Kenry, C.T. Lim / Progress in Polymer Science 70(2017) 1–17

Vasita, Rajesh; Graduate Student Dept. of BSBE, IITKanpur, Synthesis of artificial tissue: A nanofiber-based biomimetic approach.

Kenry, & Lim, C. T. (2017). Nanofiber technology:current status and emerging developments. Progressin Polymer Science, 70, 1–17.

Miguel, S. P., Figueira, D. R., Simões, D., Ribeiro, M.P., Coutinho, P., Ferreira, P., & Correia, I. J. (2018).Electrospun polymeric nanofibres as wound dressings:A review. Colloids and Surfaces B: Biointerfaces,169, 60–71.

Dhand, C., Dwivedi, N., Sriram, H., Bairagi, S., Rana,D., Lakshminarayanan, R., … Ramakrishna, S. (2017).Nanofiber composites in drug delivery. NanofiberComposites for Biomedical Applications, 199–223.

Zamani M, Prabhakaran MP, Ramakrishna SAdvances in drug delivery via electrospun andelectrosprayed nanomaterials Int J Nanomed, 8(2013), pp. 2997-3017

J. Han, R.W. Cao, B. Chen, L. Ye, A.Y. Zhang, J.Zhang, et al., Electrospinning and biocompatibilityevaluation of biodegradable polyurethanes basedon L-lysine diisocyanate and L-lysine chain extender,J. Biomed. Mater. Res. A 96A (2011) 705–714.

De Valence S, Tille JC, Mugnai D, Mrowczynski W,Gurny R, Moller M, et al. Long term performance ofpolycaprolactone vascular grafts in a rat abdominalaorta replacement model. Biomaterials 2012;33:38–47

Ye, K.; Liu, D.; Kuang, H.; Cai, J.; Chen,W.; Sun, B.;Xia, L.; Fang, B.; Morsi, Y.; Mo, X. Three-dimensionaelectrospun nanofibrous scaffolds displaying bonemorphogenetic protein-2-derived peptides forpromotion of osteogenic differentiation of stem cellsand bone regeneration. J. Colloid Interface Sci.2019, 534, 625–636.

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