Research ArticleStudy on the Design of Cantonese Cultural and Creative Productsusing Analytic Hierarchy Process

Xi Wang1 and Yongyi Gu 2

1Academy of Art and Design Guangdong Agriculture Industry Business Polytechnic Guangzhou 510507 China2Big Data and Educational Statistics Application Laboratory Guangdong University of Finance and EconomicsGuangzhou 510320 China

Correspondence should be addressed to Yongyi Gu gdguyongyi163com

Received 5 September 2020 Accepted 20 October 2020 Published 9 November 2020

Academic Editor Chuanjun Chen

Copyright copy 2020 Xi Wang and Yongyi Gu is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense which permits unrestricted use distribution and reproduction in any medium provided the original work isproperly cited

In this paper we have studied the design of Cantonese cultural and creative products In the design process of the system we usethe Analytic Hierarchy Process to analyze the needs of users and apply the analysis results to the product design practice so as todesign Cantonese cultural and creative products more in line with the needs of tourists

1 Introduction

Cantonese Culture that is the culture of Cantonese ethnicgroup of Han nationality is an important part of ChineseHan civilization and is subordinate to Lingnan Culture [1]roughout the history the population began to movesouthward in the Qin and Han Dynasties which brought theimpact of the advanced culture of the Central Plains toLingnan area Since the Han and Tang Dynasties Guang-dong led by Guangzhou has always been an importantwindow for Chinarsquos foreign trade Cantonese have formed atypical ldquomarine cultural characterrdquo [2] erefore the maincharacteristics of Cantonese Culture are open-minded andactive daring to be the first in everything natural andpeaceful attitude focusing on daily life open and inclusivepragmatic and not exclusive

Based on the understanding of the core of CantoneseCulture our project team discussed and studied the designof Cantonese cultural and creative products Usually cul-tural and creative products are designed through emotionalexperience but lack of rational guidance In the productdesign process it is better to use appropriate mathematicalmethods such as Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) In1977 Saaty [3] firstly proposed AHP with the aim of solvingproblems which can bemodeled by a network or hierarchical

structure AHP can be used to solve the problem of com-parison of user demand factors We use it to calculate theweight of factors to carry out the product design

2 Cantonese Cultural and Creative ProductCurrent Situation Analysis

21 Less Outstanding Products and Weak Brand Awarenesse project team investigated the current market of Can-tonese cultural and creative products and found that therewere few representative products and brands in the marketIn the only products the visual identity is poor and there islack of systematic design most enterprises have weak brandawareness and have not formed an influential brand the lackof clear representative elements makes consumers confusedand aesthetic fatigue in regional identification

22e Application of Graphics Is Hard and the Resonance IsWeak At present most of Cantonese cultural and creativeproducts mainly use local representative graphics For ex-ample the cultural and creative products of Canton towerdirectly copy the shape of Canton tower giving people asense of mechanically copying e lack of modern designmeans to analyze deconstruct and restructure the

HindawiMathematical Problems in EngineeringVolume 2020 Article ID 8874787 7 pageshttpsdoiorg10115520208874787

characteristic patterns of Cantonese which cannot reflect theadded value of cultural and creative products At the aes-thetic level the expression of product surface decoration isobsolete less consideration of the aesthetic needs of todayrsquossociety and it is difficult to arouse the resonance ofconsumers

23 Single Product Type and Poor Experience e greatmajority Cantonese cultural and creative products on themarket are mainly handicraft ornaments bookmarks andtrinkets e handicraft thinking of these products is morethan the industrial design thinking and the general prac-ticability is not strong Nowadays many Cantonese culturaland creative products still use the product carrier of thetraditional handicraft era and do not develop new functionsbased on the needs of consumersrsquo life In addition in theproduct reflection level the cultural depth is not fully ex-plored and the communication is not precise enoughCultural and creative products need more in-depth con-sideration from the functional level aesthetic level andphilosophical level to arouse the psychological resonance ofconsumers

3 Cantonese Cultural and Creative ProductAudience Demands

e consumption groups of Cantonese cultural and creativeproducts are mainly local people and tourists in GuangzhouAccording to the data Guangzhou received 162383 milliontourists during the National Day golden week in 2019 ac-counting for about one third of the total number of touristsin the province Guangzhou is located in the Pearl RiverDelta adjacent to Hong Kong and Macao so the inboundtourists in Guangzhou are mainly composed of foreignersHong Kong Macao and Taiwan compatriots Among themHong Kong andMacao tourists account for about 60 of thetotal flow while Asian tourists account for 30 of the totalflow followed by European and American visitors Due tothe fact that Guangzhou has two sessions of Canton Fairevery year and the geographical advantage of being adjacentto Hong Kong and Macao the inbound tourists inGuangzhou have their unique characteristics in tourismdestination structure With the heating up of tourism in-dustry it brings huge business opportunities However thelow sales revenue of tourist souvenirs in Guangzhou is incontrast with the rapid development of tourism Cantonesecultural and creative products can be used not only be astourist souvenirs but also as the name card of the cityNowadays the business card of Guangzhou is vague and notgood enough to be used

Western psychological scholars have put forward somedifferent theories of human motivation which have certainreference value for audience analysis and marketing strat-egies Among them the most popular one is Maslowrsquosldquohierarchy of needsrdquo theory [4] According to the demandhierarchy theory and the market survey completed by theproject team in the early stage we can sort out the audiencedemand of Cantonese cultural and creative products so as to

enhance the rationality and effectiveness of the later productdesign practice

31 Appearance Requirements e lowest level of Maslowrsquosdemand level is the basis of the transition to other levelseexternal demand for products belongs to the most direct andinstinctive response of human beings It emphasizes thephysiological characteristics of usersrsquo gaze feeling and voiceIn the early stage the project team took frequent visitors toGuangzhou as the main target group sent out 117 ques-tionnaires and recovered 117 valid questionnaires In thepreliminary research among ldquofactors affecting the purchaseof Guangzhou souvenirsrdquo 3684 of the respondents choseldquoappearance commemorative significance and usabilityrdquowhich is a very good illustration that tourists considerwhether the products meet the basic demand as the mostbasic factor to influence the purchase

32 Functional Requirements Functional requirements arein the middle of Maslowrsquos hierarchy of requirements efunction demand is related to the utility of the productwhich emphasizes whether the product can solve theproblems in life smoothly for users Pragmatism is an im-portant feature of western culture Cultural and creativeproducts with practical functions have the basis of com-mercial value and they are also the first choice for tourists inGuangdong Province who combine Chinese and Westernculture In the preliminary investigate and survey amongthe question ldquowhich features of cultural and creativeproducts do you pay more attention tordquo 3846 of therespondents chose ldquopracticabilityrdquo accounting for the firstplace which proves that consumers are attached great im-portance by the functional characteristics of Cantonesecultural and creative products

33 Cultural Needs Cultural needs correspond to Maslowrsquoslevel of self-demand and in the pyramid it refers to a kind ofideological and spiritual transition after functional needs aremet e goal of product design is not only to enable users touse the product but also to meet their deep emotional needsin the multilevel interaction with products in the modernmarket environment with serious homogenization offunctions In the questionnaire 74 of the respondentschose ldquocustomrdquo and 63 chose ldquotraditional artrdquo for ldquowhichcultural elements do you prefer to buy Guangzhou souve-nirsrdquo Due to the unique composition of Guangzhoutourists Hong Kong Macao and Taiwan compatriots Asianand Western tourists account for a large proportion eiraesthetic taste is more influenced by the West and has itsuniqueness

4 Cantonese Cultural and Creative ProductsHierarchical Analysis of User Requirements

41 Analytic Hierarchy Process One comprehensively uti-lized Multicriteria Decision-Making (MCDM) strategy isAHP [3 5 6] Analytic hierarchy process decomposes the

2 Mathematical Problems in Engineering

decision-making elements into objectives criteria schemesand other levels on which qualitative and quantitative analysisare carried out It is a simple flexible and practicalmulticriteriadecision-makingmethod for quantitative analysis of qualitativeproblems AHP is utilized to measure order rank evaluatedecision choices etc AHP estimates criteria weights by pair-wise comparisons is method is helpful to determine therelative weight which should have each criterion when we needto make a decision erefore it has been applied in variousfields such as environmental management [7] risk assessment[8] and supply chain management [9]

AHP has three advantages systematization which regardsthe object as a whole system and makes decisions according tothe thinking steps of decomposition comparison judgmentand synthesis practicability combining qualitative andquantitative methods can deal with problems that cannot besolved by traditional optimizationmethods simplicity it is easyto calculate and clear in results so that decision makers canquickly and directly understand and master

Now we give the main steps of the AHP

Step 1 define the central questions choices andjudgment criteriaStep 2 using the fundamental scale of Table 1 to createthe pairwise comparison matrix

Step 3 determine the criterion weight vector Normalizethe comparisonmatrix by equation (1) then calculate theaverage of each row of the normalized comparisonmatrixby equation (2) to obtain the weight vector

aij aij

1113936nk1 aki

i j 1 2 n (1)

Wi 1113944n

j1

aij

n i 1 2 n (2)

Step 4 using equations (3) and (4) to compute theconsistency index (CI) of the comparison matrix

CI λmax minus n

n minus 1 (3)

λmax 11139444

i1

(AW)i

nWi

(4)

Step 5 calculate the consistency ratio (CR) by equation(5) where the random consistency index (RI) value isdetermined by Table 2

CR CIRI

(5)

Step 6 compare the obtained CR with the value con-sidered acceptable for consistency

42 Application of AHP to the Design of Cantonese Culturaland Creative Products e analytic hierarchy processmodel is established First of all the questionnaire is

distributed to the tourists who often travel to and fromGuangzhou en it takes the user demand factors ofCantonese cultural and creative products as the goal leveltakes the appearance factors function factors and culturefactors corresponding to Maslowrsquos demand level as thecriterion layer and extracts nine perceptual words fromthe user demand vocabulary of typical user interviews asthe criterion layer so as to guide the design of productappearance function and culture Figure 1 shows theanalytic hierarchy process model of user demand factorsof Cantonese cultural and creative products

e test group is composed of 117 effective usersmentioned above According to the index system ques-tionnaire survey is conducted by focus group combinedwith information method in user survey and decision ismade e importance of the goal layer criteria layer andevaluation index layer are scored respectively en thescoring results are discussed and summarized internallyand the pairwise judgment matrixes (see Tables 3ndash6) areobtained and reasonable conclusions are drawn throughconsistency test e judgment matrix is constructed andrelated calculation is carried out and the relevant data arepresented as follows

e criteria layer judgment matrix is denoted by

A

1 12 13

2 1 12

3 2 1

⎛⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎝⎞⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎠ (6)

then by equation (1) we can get the following normalize thecomparison matrix

A1

01667 01428 01818

03333 02857 02727

05 05715 05455

⎛⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎝⎞⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎠ (7)

By equation (2) we get the criterion weight vector

W (01637 02972 05391)T (8)

erefore

AW

1 12 13

2 1 12

3 2 1

⎛⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎝⎞⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎠ middot

01637

02972

05391

⎛⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎝⎞⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎠

04921

08942

16248

⎛⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎝⎞⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎠ (9)

Table 1 Scale for pairwise comparison

Numerical value Description1 Equally liked23 Moderately preferred45 Strongly preferred67 Very strongly preferred89 Extremely preferred

Mathematical Problems in Engineering 3

User demand factors of cantonesecultural and creative products

Appearance factor Function factor Culture factor

Indi

vidu

ality

Beau

ty

Bran

d

Port

abili

ty

Dec

orat

ive

Dur

abili

ty

Cant

ones

e cus

tom

s

Inclu

sive a

ttitu

de

Ausic

ious

mea

ning

Adve

ntur

e spi

rit

Figure 1 User demand factors of Cantonese cultural and creative product AHP model

Table 2 Random consistency index (RI)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10RI 0 0 058 09 112 124 132 141 145 149

Table 3 Criteria layer judgment matrix

Appearance Function CultureAppearance 1 12 13Function 2 1 12Culture 3 2 1

Table 4 Appearance evaluation index judgment matrix

Individuality Beauty BrandIndividuality 1 14 13Beauty 4 1 3Brand 3 13 1

Table 5 Functional evaluation index judgment matrix

Decorative Portability DurabilityDecorative 1 12 14Portability 2 1 13Durability 4 3 1

Table 6 Culture evaluation index judgment matrix

Cantonese customs Inclusive attitude Auspicious meaning Adventure spiritCantonese customs 1 5 3 7Inclusive attitude 15 1 13 2Auspicious meaning 13 3 1 5Adventure spirit 17 12 15 1

4 Mathematical Problems in Engineering

then by equation (4) we obtain

λmax 30096 (10)

Since the order of A is 3 by equation (3) we obtain

CI 00048 (11)

Because n 3 we know that RI 058 fromTable 2 thenby equation (5) we obtain

CR 00083 (12)

Similar with the above procedure we obtain the resultsas follows and do not show computational process in detailfor simplicity

W (01199 06079 02722)T

λmax 30742

CI 00371

CR 00639

(13)

W (01372 02394 06234)T

λmax 30191

CI 00095

CR 00164

(14)

W (05628 01079 02671 00622)T

λmax 40679

CI 00226

CR 00252

(15)

rough the analytic hierarchy process the consistencyratio of each factor layer judgment matrix evaluation indexis less than 01 which indicates that the test team has passedthe consistency test on the user demand hierarchy factorse order of the importance of the decision-making level isas follows culture factors gt function factors gt appearancefactors which shows that culture factors are more im-portant for the design of Cantonese cultural and creativeproducts

In the order of the importance of functional factors inthe evaluation index layer the order of importance of culturefactors is Cantonese customs gt auspicious meaning gt in-clusive attitude gt adventure spirit which shows that Can-tonese customs are the most important in culture factorse order of importance of function factors isdurability gt portability gt decorative indicating that dura-bility is the most important factor e order of importanceof appearance factors is as follows beauty gt brand gt in-dividuality which indicates that the beauty of products ismore important in appearance factors

5 Design Practice of Cantonese Cultural andCreative Products

51 Appearance Design Cantonese architecture mainly re-fers to the traditional architecture in Cantonese area whichrefers to the building with traditional style built by usingtraditional building technology and building materialsCantonese architecture is closely related to Cantonese cultureand style and has strong regional characteristics e culturaland creative design chooses the ldquoBahe guild hallrdquo which isvery historic and representative in Guangzhou Xiguan as themain design element ldquoBahe guild hallrdquo is the guild organi-zation of Cantonese opera artists formerly known asldquoQionghua guild hallrdquo [10] is guild hall strengthened theunity of people in the opera industry ensured the normaloperation of the troupe and resumed the troupe businessafter the lifting of the ban on Cantonese Opera in the QingDynasty ldquoBaherdquo have branches all over the world where thereare Chinese as long as there are Cantonese opera and thereare these guild halls e long history and profound culturalheritage of Guangzhoursquos ldquoBaherdquo which are respected as theirancestors all over the world are of great significanceey notonly enable the intangible cultural heritage art of Cantoneseopera to continue to be inherited but also represent theprofound Cantonese opera culture and the indomitable spiritof Cantonese people

52 Function Design In the early research we learned thattourists are more interested in some small products andstationery products so we chose the four treasures of thestudy as the design objects including a pen holder a pen shelfa paper weight and an ink slab (see Figures 2ndash5) In thefunctional design people pay more attention to the durabilityof the product so in the design of the whole set of productswe strive to achieve a stable and reasonable structure

53 Culture Design e top half of the pen holder refers tothe iconic roof of ldquoBahe guild hallrdquo while the lower part isadded with window decoration elements the shape of pen

Figure 2 Pen holder

Mathematical Problems in Engineering 5

shelf is transformed from the roof shape of ldquoBahe guild hallrdquowhich is round and beautiful as a whole the paper weight isdecorated with the exterior wall patterns of the guild hall theink slab is designed by combining the cloud patternon the ceiling of the guild hall with the architecturalelements

6 Conclusions

In the research of social science [11] and natural science[12ndash18] the selection of methods is very important In this

paper we choose to use an effective method AHP to studythe design of Cantonese cultural and creative productsBased on the AHP model of user demand we sort out theuser needs of Cantonese cultural and creative productsconduct trade-off screening on the design demand factors ofthese products so as to further quantify the needs of touristgroups determine the most suitable combination of productdesign factors for users and apply the conclusions to thedesign practice With the vision of tourists we can designproducts to meet the needs of tourists so that the culturaland creative products of Cantonese will be loved by morepeople and the culture of Cantonese will spread faster andfarther

Data Availability

e data used to support the findings of this study are in-cluded within the article

Conflicts of Interest

e authors declare that there are no conflicts of interestregarding the publication of this paper

Acknowledgments

is work was supported by the NSF of China (11901111)and Teaching quality and Teaching Reform of Higher Vo-cational Education in Guangdong Province (GDJG2019150)

References

[1] X Zhong ldquoVisual elements in cantonese culture takingcantonese architecture as an examplerdquo Art Panorama vol 10p 106 2016

[2] Z Wu Family Customs in Cantonese Guangming Daily PressShenzhen China 2017

[3] T L Saaty ldquoA scaling method for priorities in hierarchicalstructuresrdquo Journal of Mathematical Psychology vol 15 no 3pp 234ndash281 1977

[4] M Lin and Y Yang Creative Product Development ModelEconomic Management Press Beijing China 2014

[5] T L Saaty e Analytical Hierarchy Process McGraw-HillNew York NY USA 1980

[6] H Michael and B Haym ldquoUtilizing the analytical hierarchyprocess to determine the optimal lunar habitat configurationrdquoActa Astronautica vol 173 pp 145ndash154 2020

[7] X Ouyang F Guo D Shan H Yu and J Wang ldquoDevel-opment of the integrated fuzzy analytical hierarchy processwith multidimensional scaling in selection of natural waste-water treatment alternativesrdquo Ecological Engineering vol 74pp 438ndash447 2015

[8] E Topuz and C A M van Gestel ldquoAn approach for envi-ronmental risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials usinganalytical hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy inference rulesrdquoEnvironment International vol 93 pp 334ndash347 2016

[9] S K Mangla K Govindan and S Luthra ldquoPrioritizing thebarriers to achieve sustainable consumption and productiontrends in supply chains using fuzzy analytical hierarchyprocessrdquo Journal of Cleaner Production vol 151 pp 509ndash5252017

Figure 5 Ink slab

Figure 3 Pen shelf

Figure 4 Paper weight

6 Mathematical Problems in Engineering

[10] W Huang ldquoCantonese opera guild organized the recon-struction and new change of bahe guild hall after the warrdquoDrama Literature vol 10 pp 144ndash150 2016

[11] A Rochman G R Meuthia R A Andi and T LidyaldquoUniversity reform and the development of social sciences inIndonesiardquo International Journal of Educational Developmentvol 78 Article ID 102269 2020

[12] C Chen K Li Y Chen and Y Huang ldquoTwo-grid finiteelement methods combined with crank-nicolson scheme fornonlinear sobolev equationsrdquo Advances in ComputationalMathematics vol 45 no 2 pp 611ndash630 2019

[13] C Chen H Liu X Zheng and HWang ldquoA two-grid MMOCfinite element method for nonlinear variable-order time-fractional mobileimmobile advection-diffusion equationsrdquoComputers amp Mathematics with Applications vol 79 no 9pp 2771ndash2783 2020

[14] X Zhang L Liu Y Wu and Y Cui ldquoExistence of infinitelysolutions for a modified nonlinear schrodinger equation viadual approachrdquo Electron J Differential Equations vol 2147pp 1ndash15 2018

[15] X Zhang J Jiang Y Wu and Y Cui ldquoe existence andnonexistence of entire large solutions for a quasilinearSchrodinger elliptic system by dual approachrdquo AppliedMathematics Letters vol 100 Article ID 106018 2020

[16] Y Gu W Yuan N Aminakbari and J Lin ldquoMeromorphicsolutions of some algebraic differential equations relatedPainleve equation IV and its applicationsrdquo MathematicalMethods in the Applied Sciences vol 41 no 10 pp 3832ndash38402018

[17] Y Gu and Y Kong ldquoTwo different systematic techniques toseek analytical solutions of the higher-order modified bous-sinesq equationrdquo IEEE Access vol 7 pp 96818ndash96826 2019

[18] Y Gu and F Meng ldquoSearching for analytical solutions of the(2 + 1)-dimensional KP equation by two different systematicmethodsrdquo Complexity vol 2019 Article ID 9314693 2019

Mathematical Problems in Engineering 7

decision-making elements into objectives criteria schemesand other levels on which qualitative and quantitative analysisare carried out It is a simple flexible and practicalmulticriteriadecision-makingmethod for quantitative analysis of qualitativeproblems AHP is utilized to measure order rank evaluatedecision choices etc AHP estimates criteria weights by pair-wise comparisons is method is helpful to determine therelative weight which should have each criterion when we needto make a decision erefore it has been applied in variousfields such as environmental management [7] risk assessment[8] and supply chain management [9]

AHP has three advantages systematization which regardsthe object as a whole system and makes decisions according tothe thinking steps of decomposition comparison judgmentand synthesis practicability combining qualitative andquantitative methods can deal with problems that cannot besolved by traditional optimizationmethods simplicity it is easyto calculate and clear in results so that decision makers canquickly and directly understand and master

Now we give the main steps of the AHP

Step 1 define the central questions choices andjudgment criteriaStep 2 using the fundamental scale of Table 1 to createthe pairwise comparison matrix

Step 3 determine the criterion weight vector Normalizethe comparisonmatrix by equation (1) then calculate theaverage of each row of the normalized comparisonmatrixby equation (2) to obtain the weight vector

aij aij

1113936nk1 aki

i j 1 2 n (1)

Wi 1113944n

j1

aij

n i 1 2 n (2)

Step 4 using equations (3) and (4) to compute theconsistency index (CI) of the comparison matrix

CI λmax minus n

n minus 1 (3)

λmax 11139444

i1

(AW)i

nWi

(4)

Step 5 calculate the consistency ratio (CR) by equation(5) where the random consistency index (RI) value isdetermined by Table 2

CR CIRI

(5)

Step 6 compare the obtained CR with the value con-sidered acceptable for consistency

42 Application of AHP to the Design of Cantonese Culturaland Creative Products e analytic hierarchy processmodel is established First of all the questionnaire is

distributed to the tourists who often travel to and fromGuangzhou en it takes the user demand factors ofCantonese cultural and creative products as the goal leveltakes the appearance factors function factors and culturefactors corresponding to Maslowrsquos demand level as thecriterion layer and extracts nine perceptual words fromthe user demand vocabulary of typical user interviews asthe criterion layer so as to guide the design of productappearance function and culture Figure 1 shows theanalytic hierarchy process model of user demand factorsof Cantonese cultural and creative products

e test group is composed of 117 effective usersmentioned above According to the index system ques-tionnaire survey is conducted by focus group combinedwith information method in user survey and decision ismade e importance of the goal layer criteria layer andevaluation index layer are scored respectively en thescoring results are discussed and summarized internallyand the pairwise judgment matrixes (see Tables 3ndash6) areobtained and reasonable conclusions are drawn throughconsistency test e judgment matrix is constructed andrelated calculation is carried out and the relevant data arepresented as follows

e criteria layer judgment matrix is denoted by

A

1 12 13

2 1 12

3 2 1

⎛⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎝⎞⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎠ (6)

then by equation (1) we can get the following normalize thecomparison matrix

A1

01667 01428 01818

03333 02857 02727

05 05715 05455

⎛⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎝⎞⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎠ (7)

By equation (2) we get the criterion weight vector

W (01637 02972 05391)T (8)

erefore

AW

1 12 13

2 1 12

3 2 1

⎛⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎝⎞⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎠ middot

01637

02972

05391

⎛⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎝⎞⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎠

04921

08942

16248

⎛⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎜⎝⎞⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎟⎠ (9)

Table 1 Scale for pairwise comparison

Numerical value Description1 Equally liked23 Moderately preferred45 Strongly preferred67 Very strongly preferred89 Extremely preferred

Mathematical Problems in Engineering 3

User demand factors of cantonesecultural and creative products

Appearance factor Function factor Culture factor

Indi

vidu

ality

Beau

ty

Bran

d

Port

abili

ty

Dec

orat

ive

Dur

abili

ty

Cant

ones

e cus

tom

s

Inclu

sive a

ttitu

de

Ausic

ious

mea

ning

Adve

ntur

e spi

rit

Figure 1 User demand factors of Cantonese cultural and creative product AHP model

Table 2 Random consistency index (RI)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10RI 0 0 058 09 112 124 132 141 145 149

Table 3 Criteria layer judgment matrix

Appearance Function CultureAppearance 1 12 13Function 2 1 12Culture 3 2 1

Table 4 Appearance evaluation index judgment matrix

Individuality Beauty BrandIndividuality 1 14 13Beauty 4 1 3Brand 3 13 1

Table 5 Functional evaluation index judgment matrix

Decorative Portability DurabilityDecorative 1 12 14Portability 2 1 13Durability 4 3 1

Table 6 Culture evaluation index judgment matrix

Cantonese customs Inclusive attitude Auspicious meaning Adventure spiritCantonese customs 1 5 3 7Inclusive attitude 15 1 13 2Auspicious meaning 13 3 1 5Adventure spirit 17 12 15 1

4 Mathematical Problems in Engineering

then by equation (4) we obtain

λmax 30096 (10)

Since the order of A is 3 by equation (3) we obtain

CI 00048 (11)

Because n 3 we know that RI 058 fromTable 2 thenby equation (5) we obtain

CR 00083 (12)

Similar with the above procedure we obtain the resultsas follows and do not show computational process in detailfor simplicity

W (01199 06079 02722)T

λmax 30742

CI 00371

CR 00639

(13)

W (01372 02394 06234)T

λmax 30191

CI 00095

CR 00164

(14)

W (05628 01079 02671 00622)T

λmax 40679

CI 00226

CR 00252

(15)

rough the analytic hierarchy process the consistencyratio of each factor layer judgment matrix evaluation indexis less than 01 which indicates that the test team has passedthe consistency test on the user demand hierarchy factorse order of the importance of the decision-making level isas follows culture factors gt function factors gt appearancefactors which shows that culture factors are more im-portant for the design of Cantonese cultural and creativeproducts

In the order of the importance of functional factors inthe evaluation index layer the order of importance of culturefactors is Cantonese customs gt auspicious meaning gt in-clusive attitude gt adventure spirit which shows that Can-tonese customs are the most important in culture factorse order of importance of function factors isdurability gt portability gt decorative indicating that dura-bility is the most important factor e order of importanceof appearance factors is as follows beauty gt brand gt in-dividuality which indicates that the beauty of products ismore important in appearance factors

5 Design Practice of Cantonese Cultural andCreative Products

51 Appearance Design Cantonese architecture mainly re-fers to the traditional architecture in Cantonese area whichrefers to the building with traditional style built by usingtraditional building technology and building materialsCantonese architecture is closely related to Cantonese cultureand style and has strong regional characteristics e culturaland creative design chooses the ldquoBahe guild hallrdquo which isvery historic and representative in Guangzhou Xiguan as themain design element ldquoBahe guild hallrdquo is the guild organi-zation of Cantonese opera artists formerly known asldquoQionghua guild hallrdquo [10] is guild hall strengthened theunity of people in the opera industry ensured the normaloperation of the troupe and resumed the troupe businessafter the lifting of the ban on Cantonese Opera in the QingDynasty ldquoBaherdquo have branches all over the world where thereare Chinese as long as there are Cantonese opera and thereare these guild halls e long history and profound culturalheritage of Guangzhoursquos ldquoBaherdquo which are respected as theirancestors all over the world are of great significanceey notonly enable the intangible cultural heritage art of Cantoneseopera to continue to be inherited but also represent theprofound Cantonese opera culture and the indomitable spiritof Cantonese people

52 Function Design In the early research we learned thattourists are more interested in some small products andstationery products so we chose the four treasures of thestudy as the design objects including a pen holder a pen shelfa paper weight and an ink slab (see Figures 2ndash5) In thefunctional design people pay more attention to the durabilityof the product so in the design of the whole set of productswe strive to achieve a stable and reasonable structure

53 Culture Design e top half of the pen holder refers tothe iconic roof of ldquoBahe guild hallrdquo while the lower part isadded with window decoration elements the shape of pen

Figure 2 Pen holder

Mathematical Problems in Engineering 5

shelf is transformed from the roof shape of ldquoBahe guild hallrdquowhich is round and beautiful as a whole the paper weight isdecorated with the exterior wall patterns of the guild hall theink slab is designed by combining the cloud patternon the ceiling of the guild hall with the architecturalelements

6 Conclusions

In the research of social science [11] and natural science[12ndash18] the selection of methods is very important In this

paper we choose to use an effective method AHP to studythe design of Cantonese cultural and creative productsBased on the AHP model of user demand we sort out theuser needs of Cantonese cultural and creative productsconduct trade-off screening on the design demand factors ofthese products so as to further quantify the needs of touristgroups determine the most suitable combination of productdesign factors for users and apply the conclusions to thedesign practice With the vision of tourists we can designproducts to meet the needs of tourists so that the culturaland creative products of Cantonese will be loved by morepeople and the culture of Cantonese will spread faster andfarther

Data Availability

e data used to support the findings of this study are in-cluded within the article

Conflicts of Interest

e authors declare that there are no conflicts of interestregarding the publication of this paper

Acknowledgments

is work was supported by the NSF of China (11901111)and Teaching quality and Teaching Reform of Higher Vo-cational Education in Guangdong Province (GDJG2019150)

References

[1] X Zhong ldquoVisual elements in cantonese culture takingcantonese architecture as an examplerdquo Art Panorama vol 10p 106 2016

[2] Z Wu Family Customs in Cantonese Guangming Daily PressShenzhen China 2017

[3] T L Saaty ldquoA scaling method for priorities in hierarchicalstructuresrdquo Journal of Mathematical Psychology vol 15 no 3pp 234ndash281 1977

[4] M Lin and Y Yang Creative Product Development ModelEconomic Management Press Beijing China 2014

[5] T L Saaty e Analytical Hierarchy Process McGraw-HillNew York NY USA 1980

[6] H Michael and B Haym ldquoUtilizing the analytical hierarchyprocess to determine the optimal lunar habitat configurationrdquoActa Astronautica vol 173 pp 145ndash154 2020

[7] X Ouyang F Guo D Shan H Yu and J Wang ldquoDevel-opment of the integrated fuzzy analytical hierarchy processwith multidimensional scaling in selection of natural waste-water treatment alternativesrdquo Ecological Engineering vol 74pp 438ndash447 2015

[8] E Topuz and C A M van Gestel ldquoAn approach for envi-ronmental risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials usinganalytical hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy inference rulesrdquoEnvironment International vol 93 pp 334ndash347 2016

[9] S K Mangla K Govindan and S Luthra ldquoPrioritizing thebarriers to achieve sustainable consumption and productiontrends in supply chains using fuzzy analytical hierarchyprocessrdquo Journal of Cleaner Production vol 151 pp 509ndash5252017

Figure 5 Ink slab

Figure 3 Pen shelf

Figure 4 Paper weight

6 Mathematical Problems in Engineering

[10] W Huang ldquoCantonese opera guild organized the recon-struction and new change of bahe guild hall after the warrdquoDrama Literature vol 10 pp 144ndash150 2016

[11] A Rochman G R Meuthia R A Andi and T LidyaldquoUniversity reform and the development of social sciences inIndonesiardquo International Journal of Educational Developmentvol 78 Article ID 102269 2020

[12] C Chen K Li Y Chen and Y Huang ldquoTwo-grid finiteelement methods combined with crank-nicolson scheme fornonlinear sobolev equationsrdquo Advances in ComputationalMathematics vol 45 no 2 pp 611ndash630 2019

[13] C Chen H Liu X Zheng and HWang ldquoA two-grid MMOCfinite element method for nonlinear variable-order time-fractional mobileimmobile advection-diffusion equationsrdquoComputers amp Mathematics with Applications vol 79 no 9pp 2771ndash2783 2020

[14] X Zhang L Liu Y Wu and Y Cui ldquoExistence of infinitelysolutions for a modified nonlinear schrodinger equation viadual approachrdquo Electron J Differential Equations vol 2147pp 1ndash15 2018

[15] X Zhang J Jiang Y Wu and Y Cui ldquoe existence andnonexistence of entire large solutions for a quasilinearSchrodinger elliptic system by dual approachrdquo AppliedMathematics Letters vol 100 Article ID 106018 2020

[16] Y Gu W Yuan N Aminakbari and J Lin ldquoMeromorphicsolutions of some algebraic differential equations relatedPainleve equation IV and its applicationsrdquo MathematicalMethods in the Applied Sciences vol 41 no 10 pp 3832ndash38402018

[17] Y Gu and Y Kong ldquoTwo different systematic techniques toseek analytical solutions of the higher-order modified bous-sinesq equationrdquo IEEE Access vol 7 pp 96818ndash96826 2019

[18] Y Gu and F Meng ldquoSearching for analytical solutions of the(2 + 1)-dimensional KP equation by two different systematicmethodsrdquo Complexity vol 2019 Article ID 9314693 2019

Mathematical Problems in Engineering 7

User demand factors of cantonesecultural and creative products

Appearance factor Function factor Culture factor

Indi

vidu

ality

Beau

ty

Bran

d

Port

abili

ty

Dec

orat

ive

Dur

abili

ty

Cant

ones

e cus

tom

s

Inclu

sive a

ttitu

de

Ausic

ious

mea

ning

Adve

ntur

e spi

rit

Figure 1 User demand factors of Cantonese cultural and creative product AHP model

Table 2 Random consistency index (RI)

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10RI 0 0 058 09 112 124 132 141 145 149

Table 3 Criteria layer judgment matrix

Appearance Function CultureAppearance 1 12 13Function 2 1 12Culture 3 2 1

Table 4 Appearance evaluation index judgment matrix

Individuality Beauty BrandIndividuality 1 14 13Beauty 4 1 3Brand 3 13 1

Table 5 Functional evaluation index judgment matrix

Decorative Portability DurabilityDecorative 1 12 14Portability 2 1 13Durability 4 3 1

Table 6 Culture evaluation index judgment matrix

Cantonese customs Inclusive attitude Auspicious meaning Adventure spiritCantonese customs 1 5 3 7Inclusive attitude 15 1 13 2Auspicious meaning 13 3 1 5Adventure spirit 17 12 15 1

4 Mathematical Problems in Engineering

then by equation (4) we obtain

λmax 30096 (10)

Since the order of A is 3 by equation (3) we obtain

CI 00048 (11)

Because n 3 we know that RI 058 fromTable 2 thenby equation (5) we obtain

CR 00083 (12)

Similar with the above procedure we obtain the resultsas follows and do not show computational process in detailfor simplicity

W (01199 06079 02722)T

λmax 30742

CI 00371

CR 00639

(13)

W (01372 02394 06234)T

λmax 30191

CI 00095

CR 00164

(14)

W (05628 01079 02671 00622)T

λmax 40679

CI 00226

CR 00252

(15)

rough the analytic hierarchy process the consistencyratio of each factor layer judgment matrix evaluation indexis less than 01 which indicates that the test team has passedthe consistency test on the user demand hierarchy factorse order of the importance of the decision-making level isas follows culture factors gt function factors gt appearancefactors which shows that culture factors are more im-portant for the design of Cantonese cultural and creativeproducts

In the order of the importance of functional factors inthe evaluation index layer the order of importance of culturefactors is Cantonese customs gt auspicious meaning gt in-clusive attitude gt adventure spirit which shows that Can-tonese customs are the most important in culture factorse order of importance of function factors isdurability gt portability gt decorative indicating that dura-bility is the most important factor e order of importanceof appearance factors is as follows beauty gt brand gt in-dividuality which indicates that the beauty of products ismore important in appearance factors

5 Design Practice of Cantonese Cultural andCreative Products

51 Appearance Design Cantonese architecture mainly re-fers to the traditional architecture in Cantonese area whichrefers to the building with traditional style built by usingtraditional building technology and building materialsCantonese architecture is closely related to Cantonese cultureand style and has strong regional characteristics e culturaland creative design chooses the ldquoBahe guild hallrdquo which isvery historic and representative in Guangzhou Xiguan as themain design element ldquoBahe guild hallrdquo is the guild organi-zation of Cantonese opera artists formerly known asldquoQionghua guild hallrdquo [10] is guild hall strengthened theunity of people in the opera industry ensured the normaloperation of the troupe and resumed the troupe businessafter the lifting of the ban on Cantonese Opera in the QingDynasty ldquoBaherdquo have branches all over the world where thereare Chinese as long as there are Cantonese opera and thereare these guild halls e long history and profound culturalheritage of Guangzhoursquos ldquoBaherdquo which are respected as theirancestors all over the world are of great significanceey notonly enable the intangible cultural heritage art of Cantoneseopera to continue to be inherited but also represent theprofound Cantonese opera culture and the indomitable spiritof Cantonese people

52 Function Design In the early research we learned thattourists are more interested in some small products andstationery products so we chose the four treasures of thestudy as the design objects including a pen holder a pen shelfa paper weight and an ink slab (see Figures 2ndash5) In thefunctional design people pay more attention to the durabilityof the product so in the design of the whole set of productswe strive to achieve a stable and reasonable structure

53 Culture Design e top half of the pen holder refers tothe iconic roof of ldquoBahe guild hallrdquo while the lower part isadded with window decoration elements the shape of pen

Figure 2 Pen holder

Mathematical Problems in Engineering 5

shelf is transformed from the roof shape of ldquoBahe guild hallrdquowhich is round and beautiful as a whole the paper weight isdecorated with the exterior wall patterns of the guild hall theink slab is designed by combining the cloud patternon the ceiling of the guild hall with the architecturalelements

6 Conclusions

In the research of social science [11] and natural science[12ndash18] the selection of methods is very important In this

paper we choose to use an effective method AHP to studythe design of Cantonese cultural and creative productsBased on the AHP model of user demand we sort out theuser needs of Cantonese cultural and creative productsconduct trade-off screening on the design demand factors ofthese products so as to further quantify the needs of touristgroups determine the most suitable combination of productdesign factors for users and apply the conclusions to thedesign practice With the vision of tourists we can designproducts to meet the needs of tourists so that the culturaland creative products of Cantonese will be loved by morepeople and the culture of Cantonese will spread faster andfarther

Data Availability

e data used to support the findings of this study are in-cluded within the article

Conflicts of Interest

e authors declare that there are no conflicts of interestregarding the publication of this paper

Acknowledgments

is work was supported by the NSF of China (11901111)and Teaching quality and Teaching Reform of Higher Vo-cational Education in Guangdong Province (GDJG2019150)

References

[1] X Zhong ldquoVisual elements in cantonese culture takingcantonese architecture as an examplerdquo Art Panorama vol 10p 106 2016

[2] Z Wu Family Customs in Cantonese Guangming Daily PressShenzhen China 2017

[3] T L Saaty ldquoA scaling method for priorities in hierarchicalstructuresrdquo Journal of Mathematical Psychology vol 15 no 3pp 234ndash281 1977

[4] M Lin and Y Yang Creative Product Development ModelEconomic Management Press Beijing China 2014

[5] T L Saaty e Analytical Hierarchy Process McGraw-HillNew York NY USA 1980

[6] H Michael and B Haym ldquoUtilizing the analytical hierarchyprocess to determine the optimal lunar habitat configurationrdquoActa Astronautica vol 173 pp 145ndash154 2020

[7] X Ouyang F Guo D Shan H Yu and J Wang ldquoDevel-opment of the integrated fuzzy analytical hierarchy processwith multidimensional scaling in selection of natural waste-water treatment alternativesrdquo Ecological Engineering vol 74pp 438ndash447 2015

[8] E Topuz and C A M van Gestel ldquoAn approach for envi-ronmental risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials usinganalytical hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy inference rulesrdquoEnvironment International vol 93 pp 334ndash347 2016

[9] S K Mangla K Govindan and S Luthra ldquoPrioritizing thebarriers to achieve sustainable consumption and productiontrends in supply chains using fuzzy analytical hierarchyprocessrdquo Journal of Cleaner Production vol 151 pp 509ndash5252017

Figure 5 Ink slab

Figure 3 Pen shelf

Figure 4 Paper weight

6 Mathematical Problems in Engineering

[10] W Huang ldquoCantonese opera guild organized the recon-struction and new change of bahe guild hall after the warrdquoDrama Literature vol 10 pp 144ndash150 2016

[11] A Rochman G R Meuthia R A Andi and T LidyaldquoUniversity reform and the development of social sciences inIndonesiardquo International Journal of Educational Developmentvol 78 Article ID 102269 2020

[12] C Chen K Li Y Chen and Y Huang ldquoTwo-grid finiteelement methods combined with crank-nicolson scheme fornonlinear sobolev equationsrdquo Advances in ComputationalMathematics vol 45 no 2 pp 611ndash630 2019

[13] C Chen H Liu X Zheng and HWang ldquoA two-grid MMOCfinite element method for nonlinear variable-order time-fractional mobileimmobile advection-diffusion equationsrdquoComputers amp Mathematics with Applications vol 79 no 9pp 2771ndash2783 2020

[14] X Zhang L Liu Y Wu and Y Cui ldquoExistence of infinitelysolutions for a modified nonlinear schrodinger equation viadual approachrdquo Electron J Differential Equations vol 2147pp 1ndash15 2018

[15] X Zhang J Jiang Y Wu and Y Cui ldquoe existence andnonexistence of entire large solutions for a quasilinearSchrodinger elliptic system by dual approachrdquo AppliedMathematics Letters vol 100 Article ID 106018 2020

[16] Y Gu W Yuan N Aminakbari and J Lin ldquoMeromorphicsolutions of some algebraic differential equations relatedPainleve equation IV and its applicationsrdquo MathematicalMethods in the Applied Sciences vol 41 no 10 pp 3832ndash38402018

[17] Y Gu and Y Kong ldquoTwo different systematic techniques toseek analytical solutions of the higher-order modified bous-sinesq equationrdquo IEEE Access vol 7 pp 96818ndash96826 2019

[18] Y Gu and F Meng ldquoSearching for analytical solutions of the(2 + 1)-dimensional KP equation by two different systematicmethodsrdquo Complexity vol 2019 Article ID 9314693 2019

Mathematical Problems in Engineering 7

then by equation (4) we obtain

λmax 30096 (10)

Since the order of A is 3 by equation (3) we obtain

CI 00048 (11)

Because n 3 we know that RI 058 fromTable 2 thenby equation (5) we obtain

CR 00083 (12)

Similar with the above procedure we obtain the resultsas follows and do not show computational process in detailfor simplicity

W (01199 06079 02722)T

λmax 30742

CI 00371

CR 00639

(13)

W (01372 02394 06234)T

λmax 30191

CI 00095

CR 00164

(14)

W (05628 01079 02671 00622)T

λmax 40679

CI 00226

CR 00252

(15)

rough the analytic hierarchy process the consistencyratio of each factor layer judgment matrix evaluation indexis less than 01 which indicates that the test team has passedthe consistency test on the user demand hierarchy factorse order of the importance of the decision-making level isas follows culture factors gt function factors gt appearancefactors which shows that culture factors are more im-portant for the design of Cantonese cultural and creativeproducts

In the order of the importance of functional factors inthe evaluation index layer the order of importance of culturefactors is Cantonese customs gt auspicious meaning gt in-clusive attitude gt adventure spirit which shows that Can-tonese customs are the most important in culture factorse order of importance of function factors isdurability gt portability gt decorative indicating that dura-bility is the most important factor e order of importanceof appearance factors is as follows beauty gt brand gt in-dividuality which indicates that the beauty of products ismore important in appearance factors

5 Design Practice of Cantonese Cultural andCreative Products

51 Appearance Design Cantonese architecture mainly re-fers to the traditional architecture in Cantonese area whichrefers to the building with traditional style built by usingtraditional building technology and building materialsCantonese architecture is closely related to Cantonese cultureand style and has strong regional characteristics e culturaland creative design chooses the ldquoBahe guild hallrdquo which isvery historic and representative in Guangzhou Xiguan as themain design element ldquoBahe guild hallrdquo is the guild organi-zation of Cantonese opera artists formerly known asldquoQionghua guild hallrdquo [10] is guild hall strengthened theunity of people in the opera industry ensured the normaloperation of the troupe and resumed the troupe businessafter the lifting of the ban on Cantonese Opera in the QingDynasty ldquoBaherdquo have branches all over the world where thereare Chinese as long as there are Cantonese opera and thereare these guild halls e long history and profound culturalheritage of Guangzhoursquos ldquoBaherdquo which are respected as theirancestors all over the world are of great significanceey notonly enable the intangible cultural heritage art of Cantoneseopera to continue to be inherited but also represent theprofound Cantonese opera culture and the indomitable spiritof Cantonese people

52 Function Design In the early research we learned thattourists are more interested in some small products andstationery products so we chose the four treasures of thestudy as the design objects including a pen holder a pen shelfa paper weight and an ink slab (see Figures 2ndash5) In thefunctional design people pay more attention to the durabilityof the product so in the design of the whole set of productswe strive to achieve a stable and reasonable structure

53 Culture Design e top half of the pen holder refers tothe iconic roof of ldquoBahe guild hallrdquo while the lower part isadded with window decoration elements the shape of pen

Figure 2 Pen holder

Mathematical Problems in Engineering 5

shelf is transformed from the roof shape of ldquoBahe guild hallrdquowhich is round and beautiful as a whole the paper weight isdecorated with the exterior wall patterns of the guild hall theink slab is designed by combining the cloud patternon the ceiling of the guild hall with the architecturalelements

6 Conclusions

In the research of social science [11] and natural science[12ndash18] the selection of methods is very important In this

paper we choose to use an effective method AHP to studythe design of Cantonese cultural and creative productsBased on the AHP model of user demand we sort out theuser needs of Cantonese cultural and creative productsconduct trade-off screening on the design demand factors ofthese products so as to further quantify the needs of touristgroups determine the most suitable combination of productdesign factors for users and apply the conclusions to thedesign practice With the vision of tourists we can designproducts to meet the needs of tourists so that the culturaland creative products of Cantonese will be loved by morepeople and the culture of Cantonese will spread faster andfarther

Data Availability

e data used to support the findings of this study are in-cluded within the article

Conflicts of Interest

e authors declare that there are no conflicts of interestregarding the publication of this paper

Acknowledgments

is work was supported by the NSF of China (11901111)and Teaching quality and Teaching Reform of Higher Vo-cational Education in Guangdong Province (GDJG2019150)

References

[1] X Zhong ldquoVisual elements in cantonese culture takingcantonese architecture as an examplerdquo Art Panorama vol 10p 106 2016

[2] Z Wu Family Customs in Cantonese Guangming Daily PressShenzhen China 2017

[3] T L Saaty ldquoA scaling method for priorities in hierarchicalstructuresrdquo Journal of Mathematical Psychology vol 15 no 3pp 234ndash281 1977

[4] M Lin and Y Yang Creative Product Development ModelEconomic Management Press Beijing China 2014

[5] T L Saaty e Analytical Hierarchy Process McGraw-HillNew York NY USA 1980

[6] H Michael and B Haym ldquoUtilizing the analytical hierarchyprocess to determine the optimal lunar habitat configurationrdquoActa Astronautica vol 173 pp 145ndash154 2020

[7] X Ouyang F Guo D Shan H Yu and J Wang ldquoDevel-opment of the integrated fuzzy analytical hierarchy processwith multidimensional scaling in selection of natural waste-water treatment alternativesrdquo Ecological Engineering vol 74pp 438ndash447 2015

[8] E Topuz and C A M van Gestel ldquoAn approach for envi-ronmental risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials usinganalytical hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy inference rulesrdquoEnvironment International vol 93 pp 334ndash347 2016

[9] S K Mangla K Govindan and S Luthra ldquoPrioritizing thebarriers to achieve sustainable consumption and productiontrends in supply chains using fuzzy analytical hierarchyprocessrdquo Journal of Cleaner Production vol 151 pp 509ndash5252017

Figure 5 Ink slab

Figure 3 Pen shelf

Figure 4 Paper weight

6 Mathematical Problems in Engineering

[10] W Huang ldquoCantonese opera guild organized the recon-struction and new change of bahe guild hall after the warrdquoDrama Literature vol 10 pp 144ndash150 2016

[11] A Rochman G R Meuthia R A Andi and T LidyaldquoUniversity reform and the development of social sciences inIndonesiardquo International Journal of Educational Developmentvol 78 Article ID 102269 2020

[12] C Chen K Li Y Chen and Y Huang ldquoTwo-grid finiteelement methods combined with crank-nicolson scheme fornonlinear sobolev equationsrdquo Advances in ComputationalMathematics vol 45 no 2 pp 611ndash630 2019

[13] C Chen H Liu X Zheng and HWang ldquoA two-grid MMOCfinite element method for nonlinear variable-order time-fractional mobileimmobile advection-diffusion equationsrdquoComputers amp Mathematics with Applications vol 79 no 9pp 2771ndash2783 2020

[14] X Zhang L Liu Y Wu and Y Cui ldquoExistence of infinitelysolutions for a modified nonlinear schrodinger equation viadual approachrdquo Electron J Differential Equations vol 2147pp 1ndash15 2018

[15] X Zhang J Jiang Y Wu and Y Cui ldquoe existence andnonexistence of entire large solutions for a quasilinearSchrodinger elliptic system by dual approachrdquo AppliedMathematics Letters vol 100 Article ID 106018 2020

[16] Y Gu W Yuan N Aminakbari and J Lin ldquoMeromorphicsolutions of some algebraic differential equations relatedPainleve equation IV and its applicationsrdquo MathematicalMethods in the Applied Sciences vol 41 no 10 pp 3832ndash38402018

[17] Y Gu and Y Kong ldquoTwo different systematic techniques toseek analytical solutions of the higher-order modified bous-sinesq equationrdquo IEEE Access vol 7 pp 96818ndash96826 2019

[18] Y Gu and F Meng ldquoSearching for analytical solutions of the(2 + 1)-dimensional KP equation by two different systematicmethodsrdquo Complexity vol 2019 Article ID 9314693 2019

Mathematical Problems in Engineering 7

shelf is transformed from the roof shape of ldquoBahe guild hallrdquowhich is round and beautiful as a whole the paper weight isdecorated with the exterior wall patterns of the guild hall theink slab is designed by combining the cloud patternon the ceiling of the guild hall with the architecturalelements

6 Conclusions

In the research of social science [11] and natural science[12ndash18] the selection of methods is very important In this

paper we choose to use an effective method AHP to studythe design of Cantonese cultural and creative productsBased on the AHP model of user demand we sort out theuser needs of Cantonese cultural and creative productsconduct trade-off screening on the design demand factors ofthese products so as to further quantify the needs of touristgroups determine the most suitable combination of productdesign factors for users and apply the conclusions to thedesign practice With the vision of tourists we can designproducts to meet the needs of tourists so that the culturaland creative products of Cantonese will be loved by morepeople and the culture of Cantonese will spread faster andfarther

Data Availability

e data used to support the findings of this study are in-cluded within the article

Conflicts of Interest

e authors declare that there are no conflicts of interestregarding the publication of this paper

Acknowledgments

is work was supported by the NSF of China (11901111)and Teaching quality and Teaching Reform of Higher Vo-cational Education in Guangdong Province (GDJG2019150)

References

[1] X Zhong ldquoVisual elements in cantonese culture takingcantonese architecture as an examplerdquo Art Panorama vol 10p 106 2016

[2] Z Wu Family Customs in Cantonese Guangming Daily PressShenzhen China 2017

[3] T L Saaty ldquoA scaling method for priorities in hierarchicalstructuresrdquo Journal of Mathematical Psychology vol 15 no 3pp 234ndash281 1977

[4] M Lin and Y Yang Creative Product Development ModelEconomic Management Press Beijing China 2014

[5] T L Saaty e Analytical Hierarchy Process McGraw-HillNew York NY USA 1980

[6] H Michael and B Haym ldquoUtilizing the analytical hierarchyprocess to determine the optimal lunar habitat configurationrdquoActa Astronautica vol 173 pp 145ndash154 2020

[7] X Ouyang F Guo D Shan H Yu and J Wang ldquoDevel-opment of the integrated fuzzy analytical hierarchy processwith multidimensional scaling in selection of natural waste-water treatment alternativesrdquo Ecological Engineering vol 74pp 438ndash447 2015

[8] E Topuz and C A M van Gestel ldquoAn approach for envi-ronmental risk assessment of engineered nanomaterials usinganalytical hierarchy process (AHP) and fuzzy inference rulesrdquoEnvironment International vol 93 pp 334ndash347 2016

[9] S K Mangla K Govindan and S Luthra ldquoPrioritizing thebarriers to achieve sustainable consumption and productiontrends in supply chains using fuzzy analytical hierarchyprocessrdquo Journal of Cleaner Production vol 151 pp 509ndash5252017

Figure 5 Ink slab

Figure 3 Pen shelf

Figure 4 Paper weight

6 Mathematical Problems in Engineering

[10] W Huang ldquoCantonese opera guild organized the recon-struction and new change of bahe guild hall after the warrdquoDrama Literature vol 10 pp 144ndash150 2016

[11] A Rochman G R Meuthia R A Andi and T LidyaldquoUniversity reform and the development of social sciences inIndonesiardquo International Journal of Educational Developmentvol 78 Article ID 102269 2020

[12] C Chen K Li Y Chen and Y Huang ldquoTwo-grid finiteelement methods combined with crank-nicolson scheme fornonlinear sobolev equationsrdquo Advances in ComputationalMathematics vol 45 no 2 pp 611ndash630 2019

[13] C Chen H Liu X Zheng and HWang ldquoA two-grid MMOCfinite element method for nonlinear variable-order time-fractional mobileimmobile advection-diffusion equationsrdquoComputers amp Mathematics with Applications vol 79 no 9pp 2771ndash2783 2020

[14] X Zhang L Liu Y Wu and Y Cui ldquoExistence of infinitelysolutions for a modified nonlinear schrodinger equation viadual approachrdquo Electron J Differential Equations vol 2147pp 1ndash15 2018

[15] X Zhang J Jiang Y Wu and Y Cui ldquoe existence andnonexistence of entire large solutions for a quasilinearSchrodinger elliptic system by dual approachrdquo AppliedMathematics Letters vol 100 Article ID 106018 2020

[16] Y Gu W Yuan N Aminakbari and J Lin ldquoMeromorphicsolutions of some algebraic differential equations relatedPainleve equation IV and its applicationsrdquo MathematicalMethods in the Applied Sciences vol 41 no 10 pp 3832ndash38402018

[17] Y Gu and Y Kong ldquoTwo different systematic techniques toseek analytical solutions of the higher-order modified bous-sinesq equationrdquo IEEE Access vol 7 pp 96818ndash96826 2019

[18] Y Gu and F Meng ldquoSearching for analytical solutions of the(2 + 1)-dimensional KP equation by two different systematicmethodsrdquo Complexity vol 2019 Article ID 9314693 2019

Mathematical Problems in Engineering 7

[10] W Huang ldquoCantonese opera guild organized the recon-struction and new change of bahe guild hall after the warrdquoDrama Literature vol 10 pp 144ndash150 2016

[11] A Rochman G R Meuthia R A Andi and T LidyaldquoUniversity reform and the development of social sciences inIndonesiardquo International Journal of Educational Developmentvol 78 Article ID 102269 2020

[12] C Chen K Li Y Chen and Y Huang ldquoTwo-grid finiteelement methods combined with crank-nicolson scheme fornonlinear sobolev equationsrdquo Advances in ComputationalMathematics vol 45 no 2 pp 611ndash630 2019

[13] C Chen H Liu X Zheng and HWang ldquoA two-grid MMOCfinite element method for nonlinear variable-order time-fractional mobileimmobile advection-diffusion equationsrdquoComputers amp Mathematics with Applications vol 79 no 9pp 2771ndash2783 2020

[14] X Zhang L Liu Y Wu and Y Cui ldquoExistence of infinitelysolutions for a modified nonlinear schrodinger equation viadual approachrdquo Electron J Differential Equations vol 2147pp 1ndash15 2018

[15] X Zhang J Jiang Y Wu and Y Cui ldquoe existence andnonexistence of entire large solutions for a quasilinearSchrodinger elliptic system by dual approachrdquo AppliedMathematics Letters vol 100 Article ID 106018 2020

[16] Y Gu W Yuan N Aminakbari and J Lin ldquoMeromorphicsolutions of some algebraic differential equations relatedPainleve equation IV and its applicationsrdquo MathematicalMethods in the Applied Sciences vol 41 no 10 pp 3832ndash38402018

[17] Y Gu and Y Kong ldquoTwo different systematic techniques toseek analytical solutions of the higher-order modified bous-sinesq equationrdquo IEEE Access vol 7 pp 96818ndash96826 2019

[18] Y Gu and F Meng ldquoSearching for analytical solutions of the(2 + 1)-dimensional KP equation by two different systematicmethodsrdquo Complexity vol 2019 Article ID 9314693 2019

Mathematical Problems in Engineering 7