structuralism as a literary movement
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M. K .BHAVNAGAR UNIVERSITY
Department Of English
Literary Theory / CriticismRoll No : 2
PG Enrollment No : 10141420
Structuralism as a Literary Movement
Presented by: Bhumi V Joshi.
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Structuralism as a literary movement
Structuralism is 20th century intellectual movement.
Inaugurated in the 1950 by Claude Levi-Strauss - cultural anthropologist
Basically a French movement.
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The Father of structuralism
Ferdinand – De – Saussure
It is the human science profound effect on linguistics, sociology, anthropology, & other fields in addition to philosophy.
Structuralism holds that all human activates & its products even perception & thought itself are constructed and not nature. It closely related to Semiology , the study of sign , symbols and communication and how meaning is constructed and understood.
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“Language speaks us
rather than we speak
language.”
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“Structuralism is a form
of criticism which
sought to understand a
work of art in the
context of structures
which have genre,
culture and language.” Critic Pramad K. Nayar :
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Structuralism as a general movement:
1. Every system has a structure .
2. Structuralism is what determines the position of each element of whole.
3. ‘Structural laws’ deals with Co- existence rather than Changes.
4. Structures are the “ real things” that lie beneath the surface of the appearance of meaning.
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The major focuses was on the origin and development of language. The importance was given to the ‘Diachronic Mode’ of study. It indicates a study of language across the time.
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Signifier and signified
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Sign
Sign is essentially arbitrary and that there is no natural relation between a signifier .
Sign is constituted by the signifier and signified because the words has no meaning.
.
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“Language constitutes our world and our
very existence.
”
- Saussure
Meaning comes only from the context
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Signifier :Signifier is the “word” or alphabets which are arranged in particular order and through the context image popes up in our mind
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Signified :Signified is the concept that the signifier stands for.
Something is already there.
Signified is the mental concept because it is already in our mind.
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Fundamental Elements
1. Arbitrary2. Relational3. Systematic
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Example:
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Language constructs the basic nature of our perception or reality.
Structuralism allows the structuralists to investigate the manner in which literary texts are structured.
Structuralism seeks the process of meaning, & production. It even analyses how the text constructs meaning.
Characteristics of structuralism :
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Influence of structuralism
Claude Levi-Strauss – Psychoanalyst
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Michael Foucault – Philosopher
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