strss management i
TRANSCRIPT
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Stress at work
Radhika mohan
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Occupational health psy
Health and safety work act -1995 of
UK- reasonable practice in health care
Stress is defined as a disability under teDisabilty Discrimination Act -1995
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Hugo musterberg contribution accidents
at work
Jonathan Raymond- OHP
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Occupational stress ___psychological ill health Selection &recruitment
Training
Enhance job satisfaction challenge related stress vs
hindrance related stress
Feelings ofcontrol jobs that give choice and control
Transparency in communications
Employee assistance programmes
Care for person job fit
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Employee related variables
Social support
Physical health
Ability to perform
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PERSONALITY FACTORS
1. Hardiness- attitude resistant to stress- (control,
commitment to work ,challenge )
Have few health issues
Positivity in evals & interpretation of life
1. Big 5- high extraversion ,low neuroticism- study at
Australian departmental store
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Self efficacy high---------less bothered by
stress at work- study on army soldiers at
US
locus ofcontrol nurses studied in
Germany
Self Esteemorganizational based selfesteem lead to Personal adequacy, see
self as important ,adequate, worthwhile.
They are prone to high supervisorysupport, less role conflict
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Self control IMPULSE CONTROL &RESISTING DISTRACTIONS
marshmallow study
In the late 1960s, psychologist Walter Mischelperformed a series of tests on preschoolersreferred to as The Marshmallow Tests. Mischel
would give a child a single marshmallow, thenleave him or her alone in the room with it. Beforehe departed, hed make each kid an offer: if theywanted to, they could eat it immediately but if
they waited for him to return, theyd get twomarshmallows. The tests were designed toexamine willpower and the mental processesbehind delayed gratification
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Employee fact
Negative affectivityJS Cultural orientation
Type of occupation
TheN
ational Institute for Occ
upational Safetyand Health (orNIOSH) is the United States
federal agency responsible forconducting
research and making recommendations for the
prevention of work-related injury and illness.clerical ,blue collar jobs more stressful
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Gender Differences- WOMEN MORE STRESSSFULAnxiety, depression, sleep and eating disorders, headache, addictions.
Stressful job &spontaneous abortion
But research in US & Spain women take social support in times of
stress
Homemaker- mother- wife -------------overwork
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US based study long working hours,more stress
Subjective perception of workload affects
stress
Still working women are healthier , lower
risk forcardiovascular diseases
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How org help in work life balance
Day care facilities
Less working hours
Flexible time Opp for telecommuting
Supportive supervision
Maternity /paternity leave
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Stressors in the work envt
workload /under load
qualitative & quantitative ( studies in Britain ,
canada )High job demands and less exercise
coronary heart disease
Optimal work load is beneficial
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Organizational change-changes inpolicy, working environment
Requires adjustment to new roles,responsibilities, new culture ,technologicalchanges
Attitude to change change as exciting
,challenging Moving from comfort zone to courage
zone
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Role ambiguity
Unstr uctured job- new job / characteristic
of the job
3 kinds of ambiguity-
performance related
Work method related
Scheduling related
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role conflict
disparity between job demands andemployees values and expectations
Selling harmful drugs
Bad boss -Bad leadersLack of encouragement -promotion
,pay
Performance appraisalTechnology- mobile, computer,always
at work
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Burnout
Psychosomatic
Anxiety, depression
Abuse at home, violence at work
Less interested , lethargy , emotional
exhaustion
Leave the job or
Stop thinking , become rigid on rules
Low efficacy, esteem
De motivate others
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Emotional exhaustion
De personalization
inefficiancy
Burn out
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Age
Gender
Singles
Dedicated
,committed
Over do work
Time pressure
Lack of social support
Role conflict /ambiguity
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Work life balace
Family conflicts
Lack ofcareer
opportunities
Pay
Unfair tmt
perceived
Big 5 factor
neuroticism
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workaholics
Addiction to work
Performance can be colored by anxiety
/insecurity- burnout ( lack social support) Performance colored by enrichment &
stimulation- content
Job engagement-energy ,involvement,efficiency. Work source ofchallenge,
satisfaction.
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Symptoms of stress
Behavioraladdictions ,withdrawal,excessive activity , inappropriate behaviours
Physical
Emotional anxiety, depression, anger
Cognitive poor con, memory, low attn
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Seyle -1946 General Adaptation
Syndrome
Alarm reaction fight, flight ,freeze
Adrenaline rush increased BP, heart rate
Maintenance -body habituates to it
Breakdown withdraw from stress if notlead to serious illness to sudden stress
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Homes &rahe life events scale used to
measure stress
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Stress management programmes
Efforts from organization
1. Adapting to change
2. Fewerconstraints at work providescontrol
3. Clear org role
4. Social support5. Work load management
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6.Pets at work
7.Stress mangmt programmes
8. Yoga/fitness
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Work schedules and working
hours
Americans fair labour standard act 1938-
40 hrs /week 5 day
no optimal working hrs -24/7, norminal vsactual working hrs
Americans work 2 weeks longer every
year
Importance of vacation
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Permanent vs part time workers -Beneficial for org and workers
Four day work week- 10hrs a day-
welcomed
Flexible work schedules avoid trafficcongestion, attend personal matters ,
personal freedom. Rest breaks avoid fatique, boredom,unauthorised abs
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Shift work permanent ,rotating shifts
night shift more error- issues with diurnal
rhythm
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Annual health care cost increases every
year
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Psychosomatic disorders related to stress
Reduced immunity due to chronic stress
level Study on air trafficcontrollers- high stress-
3 times chance of hypertension