storytelling

• Storytelling

https://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html

Word of mouth - Storytelling

1 Storytelling often involves improvisation or embellishment. Stories or narratives have been

shared in every culture as a means of entertainment, education, cultural preservation and in order to instill

moral values.



1 The earliest forms of storytelling were thought to have been primarily oral

combined with gesture storytelling for many of the ancient cultures. The

Australian Aboriginal people painted symbols from stories on cave walls as a

means of helping the storyteller remember the story. The story was then

told using a combination of oral narrative, music, rock art, and dance.



1 Traditionally, oral stories were committed to memory and then

passed from generation to generation. However, in literate societies, written and televised

media have largely replaced this method of communicating local,

family, and cultural histories. Oral storytelling remains the dominant

medium of learning in some countries with low literacy rates.


Organizational storytelling

1 'Organizational storytelling' is an emerging discipline in the study of

management, strategy and organization studies. As an emerging discipline it is contested ground, with

some academics describing it is a purposeful tool to be used by business people, and others

describing it is a way of understanding and interpreting

organizational life.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html


1 For those that believe it to be a powerful managerial tool, it is seen as the key leadership Competence (human resources)|competency for

the 21st century



1 For those who believe it is an Interpretivism|interpretativist

methodology for deciphering a deeper understanding of

organizational life, storied accounts represent a unique insight into how

individuals make sense of their world.


Interactive storytelling

1 Charles (2010) Applying planning to interactive storytelling: Narrative

control using state constraints


Interactive storytelling

1 Applying a Plan-Recognition/Plan-Generation Paradigm to Interactive Storytelling


Interactive storytelling - History

1 In the early 1980s Michael Liebowitz developed Universe, a conceptual

system for a kind of interactive storytelling



1 During the 1990s, a number of research projects began to appear,

such as the Oz Project led by Dr. Joseph Bates and Carnegie-Mellon University, the Software Agents

group at MIT, the Improv Project led by Ken Perlin at New York University,

and the Virtual Theater group at Stanford, led by Dr. Barbara Hayes-

Roth.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html


1 There were also a number of conferences touching upon these subjects, such as the Workshop on Interactive Fiction Synthetic

Realities in 1990; Interactive Story Systems: Plot Character at Stanford in 1995; the

AAAI Workshop on AI and Entertainment, 1996; Lifelike Computer Characters,

Snowbird, Utah, October 1996; the First International Conference on Autonomous

Agents at Marina del Rey, CA. February 5–8, 1997.



1 The first conference to directly address the research area was the 1st International

Conference on Technologies for Interactive Digital Storytelling and Entertainment, which

took place in March 2003 and focussed specifically on concepts and first prototypes for

automated storytelling and autonomous characters, including modelling of emotions and the user experience.Stefan Göbel, Proceedings of the 2nd Technologies for Interactive Digital

Storytelling and Entertainment



1 Second International Conference, TIDSE 2004, Darmstadt, Germany,

June 24–26, 2004, Preface The concepts were developed by Chris Crawford (game designer)|Chris

Crawford, in his 2004 book.



1 The 2000s saw a growth in work on interactive storytelling and related topics, presented at events which including the alternating bi-yearly conferences, TIDSE ICVS (International Conference on Virtual Storytelling) and hosted in German and

France, respectively. TIDSE and ICVS were superseded by ICIDS (International Conference on Interactive Digital

Storytelling), a yearly event established in 2008.



1 The first published interactive storytelling software that was widely

recognized as the real thing was Façade (interactive story)|Façade,

created by Michael Mateas and Andrew Stern


Interactive storytelling - Strategies

1 Crawford discusses three potential strategies for developing interactive

storytelling systems. Firstly, environmental approaches are those

which take an interactive system, such as a computer game, and

encourage the actions of a user in such a way as to form a coherent plot. With a sufficiently complex systems emergent behavior may

form story-like behavior regardless of the users actions.



1 Secondly, data-driven strategies have a library of story components which are sufficiently general that they can be combined smoothly in

response to a user's actions (or lack thereof). This approach has the

advantage of being more general that the directed environmental approach, at the cost of a much

larger initial investment. https://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html


1 Finally, language-based approaches require that the user and system

share some, very limited, domain-specific language so that they can react to each other and the system

can 'understand' a greater proportion of the users actions, Crawford

suggests approaches that only use, for example, pictorial languages or

restricted versions of English.,Chapters 8 to 10



1 From the background of a multimedia author, media director and designer

Eku Wand describes further strategies which are related to

structure, space, time and perspective.Eku Wand (2002). Interactive Storytelling: The

Renaissance of Narration. , Part One: Chapter 4, Pages 163-178, incl. DVD-

ROMhttps://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html

Interactive storytelling - The Oz project

1 The Oz project[http://www.cs.cmu.edu/afs/cs/

project/oz/web/oz.html Oz Project Home Page], Carnegie Mellon School of Computer Science was an attempt in the early 1990s to use intelligent

agent technology to attack the challenges in IS, the architecture

included a simulated physical world, several characters, an interactor, a theory of presentation, and a drama

manager


Interactive storytelling - Façade

1 Façade is an artificial-intelligence-based approach created by Michael Mateas and Andrew Stern. It was the winner of the Grand Jury Prize at the 2006 Slamdance Independent Games Festival and is recognised as the first true interactive storytelling software.

It is text based and uses natural language processing and other artificial intelligence routines to

direct the action.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html

Interactive storytelling - HEFTI

1 ...incomprehensible to the kind of creative talent needed for

storytelling., it continues to be discussed as a research and

approach and genetic algorithm continue to be considered a potential

tool for use in the area.


Interactive storytelling - Library of story traces

1 Figa and Tarau have used WordNetWordNet, wordnet.princeton.edu/, retrieved April 2011

to build technologies useful to interactive storytelling. This approach defines 'story

traces' as an abstract reduction (or skeleton) of a story, and 'story projection' as a

fragment of a story that can be treated as a single dramatic building block. This work

seeks to build up large repositories of narrative forms in such a way that these

forms can later be combined


Interactive storytelling - Storytron

1 Storytron is a Java (programming language)|Java based interactive story engine based around Chris Crawford's theory that creating

interactive story is similar to creating a sentence with particular emphasis

on the verb. Storytron includes a free authoring tool which is used to

script actors, stages, props, and interactions known as

verbs.[http://www.storytron.com/ Storytron.com]


Interactive storytelling - NAWLZ

1 Nawlz is an online interactive comic book series created by artist, Sutu. It combines the use of text, illustration, music, animation and interactivity to tell the story. Traditional comic panels are replaced by animated frames that

play out on a panoramic interactive digital canvas. Viewers are able to dictate the pace of

the story by clicking progress buttons. Additional animation and sound effects can be

triggered by various forms of mouse interaction. http://www.nawlz.com/hq/about/


Interactive storytelling - Developers

1 An incomplete list of people who have published important work in this field includes Phil Agre, Joseph Bates, Chad, Matt Rob (filmmakers), Marc Cavazza, Fred Charles, Chris Crawford

(game designer)|Chris Crawford, Andrew Glassner, Janet Murray, Frank Nack, Barbara

Hayes-Roth, Brenda Laurel, Pattie Maes, Brian Magerko, Michael Mateas, Mark O. Riedl, Greg Roach, Roger Schank, Ulrike Spierling, Andrew Stern, Nicolas Szilas, Eku Wand, Noah Wardrip-Fruin, Peter Weyhrauch, and R. Michael Young.


Interactive storytelling - Interactive Narrative Design

1 As defined by Stephen Dinehart, Interactive Narrative Design

combines ludology, narratology and game design to form interactive

entertainment development methodologies


Interactive storytelling - Interactive Narrative Design

1 Interactive Narrative Design focuses on creating meaningful participatory

story experiences with interactive systems. The aim is to transport the

player through play into the videogame (dataspace) using their visual and auditory senses. When

interactive narrative design is successful, the VUP

(viewer/user/player) believes that they are experiencing a story.


Thomas the Tank Engine and Friends - Storytelling

1 Before Series 13, narration and dialogue were performed by a single

storyteller. This was the choice of Allcroft, who wanted the television

stories to be an extension of the way they would be told at home in a

comforting environment. All character emotions would come from the nuances of the storyteller's voice,

in conjunction with facial expressions, music, and actions on-

screen.


Trance - Oral lore and storytelling

1 Stories of the saints in the Middle Ages, mythology|myths, parables, fairy tales, oral lore and storytelling from different cultures

are themselves potentially inducers of trance. Often rhetorical device|literary devices such as repetition (rhetorical)|

repetition are employed which is evident in many forms of trance induction. Milton

Erickson used stories to induce trance as do many Neuro-linguistic psychotherapy|NLP

practitioners.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html

Storytelling

1 'Storytelling' is the conveying of events in words, and images, often by improvisation

or embellishment. Stories or narratives have been shared in every culture as a

means of entertainment, education, cultural preservation, and instilling moral values. Crucial elements of stories and storytelling include Plot (narrative)|plot, Character (arts)|characters, and point of view (literature)|narrative point of view.


Storytelling - Historical perspective

1 Life Lessons through Storytelling: Children's Exploration of Ethics


Storytelling - Historical perspective

1 With the advent of writing and the use of stable, portable media

(communication)|media, stories were recorded, transcribed, and shared

over wide regions of the world


Storytelling - Contemporary storytelling

1 documentary|Documentaries, including interactive web

documentary|web documentaries, employ storytelling narrative techniques to communicate

information about their topic.


Storytelling - Oral traditions

1 Albert Lord|Albert Bates Lord examined oral narratives from field transcripts of

Yugoslav oral bards collected by Milman Parry in the 1930s, and the texts of epics such as the Odyssey and Beowulf.Lord, Albert Bates (2000). The singer of tales, Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Lord found that a large part of the stories consisted of text which was improvised

during the telling process.



1 Lord identified two types of story

vocabulary



1 The other type of story vocabulary is theme, a set sequence of story actions that structure a

tale



1 A need to tell and hear stories is essential to the species Homo sapiensndash; second in

necessity apparently after nourishment and before love and shelter. Millions survive without

love or home, almost none in silence; the opposite of silence leads quickly to narrative,

and the sound of story is the dominant sound of our lives, from the small accounts of our day's events to the vast incommunicable constructs

of psychopaths.Price, Reynolds (1978). A Palpable God, New York:Atheneum, p.3.


Storytelling - Märchen and Sagen

1 Folklorists sometimes divide oral tales into two main groups: Märchen

and Sagen. Storytellingday.net. “[http://www.storytellingday.net/oral-traditions-storytelling-explored.html

Oral Traditions In Storytelling ].” Retrieved November 21, 2013. These are German language|German terms for which there are no exact English

language|English equivalents, however we have approximations:



1 Märchen, loosely translated as fairy tale|fairy tale(s) (lit



1 Sagen, best translated as legends, are supposed to have actually happened, very often at a particular time and place, and they draw much of their power from this

fact. When the supernatural intrudes (as it often does), it does so in an emotionally fraught manner. Ghost and Lovers' Leap|

lovers' leap stories belong in this category, as do many UFO stories and

stories of supernatural beings and events.



1 Another important examination of orality in human life is Walter J. Ong's

Orality and Literacy: The Technologizing of the Word (1982).

Ong studies the distinguishing characteristics of oral traditions, how oral and written cultures interact and condition one another, and how they

ultimately influence human epistemology.


Storytelling - Storytelling and learning

1 Retrieved from www.ccsenet.org/elt Storytelling can be used as a method to teach ethics, values, and cultural

norms and differences



1 Storytelling as a Foundation to Literacy Development for Aboriginal

Children: Culturally and Developmentally Appropriate

Practices



1 Storytelling is used as a tool to teach children the importance of respect

through the practice of listening.Archibald, Jo-Ann



1 This allows for children to learn storytelling through their own interruptions of the given

story



1 This process of storytelling is empowering as the teller effectively conveys ideas and, with practice, is able to demonstrate the potential of

human accomplishment


Storytelling - Storytelling in Dice and paper based Role-Playing Games

1 In traditional role-playing games, storytelling is done by the person who controls the environment and the non

playing fictional characters, and moves the story elements along for the players as

they interact with the storyteller. The game is advanced by mainly verbal interactions,

with dice roll determining random events in the fictional universe, where the players

interact with each other and the storyteller.



1 This type of game has many genres, such as sci-fi and fantasy, as well as alternate-reality worlds based on the

current reality, but with different setting and beings such as

werewolves, aliens, daemons, or hidden societies.



1 These oral based role-playing games were very popular in the 1990s among circles of youth in many countries before computer and

console-based online MMORPG's took their place. Despite the prevalence of computer-based MMORPGs, the dice-and-paper RPG still has a dedicated

following.


Storytelling - Storytelling in indigenous cultures

1 For indigenous cultures of the Americas, storytelling is used as an

oral form of language associated with practices and values essential to

developing one’s identity


Storytelling - Storytelling in indigenous cultures

1 These values, learned through storytelling, help to guide future generations and aid in identity formation.Vannini, Phillip, and J


Storytelling - Values

1 ESC: English Studies in Canada 35.1 (2009): 137-59) Storytelling is used

as a bridge for knowledge and understanding allowing the values of self and community to connect and

be learned as a whole.Battiste, Marie


Storytelling - Values

1 Raven and the Rock: Storytelling in Chukotka


Storytelling - Aesthetics

1 The art of narrative is, by definition, an Aesthetics|aesthetic enterprise, and there are a number of artistic elements that typically interact in

well-developed stories


Storytelling - Festivals

1 Storytelling festivals feature the work of several storytellers. Elements of

the oral storytelling art form include Mental image|visualization (the

seeing of images in the mind's eye), and vocal and bodily gestures. In many ways, the art of storytelling

draws upon other art forms such as acting, oral interpretation, and

Performance Studies|performance studies.



1 The UK's Society for Storytelling was founded in 1993, bringing together tellers and listeners, and each year

since 2000 has run a National Storytelling Week the first week of

February.



1 Currently, there are dozens of storytelling festivals and hundreds of professional storytellers around the

world, and an international celebration of the art occurs on

World Storytelling Day.


Storytelling - Emancipation of the story

1 In oral traditions, stories are kept alive by being told again and again


Storytelling - Within the workplace

1 For many multi-media communication complex institutions, communicating by using storytelling techniques can be a more compelling

and effective route of delivering information than that of using only dry facts.By Jason Hensel, One+.

[http://www.mpiweb.org/Magazine/Archive/US/February2010/OnceUponATi

me.aspx Once Upon a Time]. February 2010.Cornell University.

[http://vivo.cornell.edu/display/individual22706 Jameson, Daphne A

Professor]. Retrieved Oct 19, 2012. Uses include:



1 'Using narrative to manage conflicts'



1 For managers storytelling is an important way of resolving conflicts,

addressing issues, and facing challenges.



1 Managers may use narrative discourse to deal with conflicts when

direct action is inadvisable or impossible.



1 'Using narrative to interpret the past and shape the future'



1 In a group discussion a process of collective narration can help to

influence others and unify the group by linking the past to the future.



1 In such discussions, managers transform problems, requests, and

issues into stories. Jameson calls this collective group construction

storybuilding.



1 'Using narrative in the reasoning process'



1 In meetings, the managers preferred stories to abstract arguments or

statistical measures. When situations are complex, narrative allows the

managers to involve more context.Jameson, Daphne A. (2001).

Narrative Discourse and Management Action. Journal of

Business Communication, 38 (4), p. 476-511


Storytelling - In marketing

1 Storytelling is increasingly used in advertising today in order to build customer loyalty.Lury, Giles (2004)


Storytelling - In marketing

1 Developments include the use of trans-media techniques, originating in the film industry which 'Build a

world in which your story can evolve'. Examples include Coca-

Cola's Happiness Factory;.


Citizen Kane - Storytelling techniques

1 Citizen Kane eschews the traditional linear, chronological narrative and

tells Kane's story entirely in flashback using different points of view, many of them from Kane's

aged and forgetful associates, the cinematic equivalent of the

unreliable narrator in literature



1 One of the narrative voices is the News on the March segment. Its stilted dialogue and portentous

voiceover is a parody of The March of Time newsreel series which itself

references an earlier newsreel which showed the 85-year old arms czar Sir Basil Zaharoff getting wheeled to his

train. Welles had earlier provided voiceovers for the March of Time radio show. Citizen Kane makes

extensive use of stock footage to create the newsreel.



1 One of the story-telling techniques used in Citizen Kane was the use of

montage to collapse time and space, using an episodic sequence on the

same set while the characters changed costume and make-up between cuts so that the scene

following each cut would look as if it took place in the same location, but at a time long after the previous cut


Axis mundi - Modern Storytelling

1 The axis mundi continues to appear in fiction as well as in real-world structures. Appearances of the

ancient image in the tales and myths of more recent times include these:



1 *The ash tree growing in Hunding's living room, a Norse legend that

figures prominently in Act 1 of Die Walküre (The Valkyrie), is one of

many appearances of the image in the operas of Richard Wagner.

Hunding's tree recalls the World Ash visited by Odin|Wotan, a central

character in the Der Ring des Nibelungen|Ring cycle of which this

opera forms a part (1848–74).https://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html


1 *The Emerald City in the land of Oz, depicted in the popular The

Wonderful Wizard of Oz|book by L. Frank Baum (1900) and the

subsequent The Wizard of Oz (1939 film)|MGM film (1939), stands at the

center of the four compass directions.



1 *In The Dark Tower (series)|The Dark Tower series by Stephen King, the

eponymous Dark Tower serves as the axis of all the universes.



1 * In Supernatural (U.S. TV series)|Supernatural, the Axis Mundi was a

road (or tunnel, or river — depended on the person's perspective) that lead through heaven to its center

('heaven's garden').



1 *Filmmakers have placed axis mundi symbols in Bob Kane and Bill Finger's Gotham City. In Christopher Nolan's

Batman Begins (2005) the city's symbolic centre is a skyscraper built by Bruce Wayne's father. The same role is filled by a fantastic cathedral in an Batman (1989 film)|earlier film

by Tim Burton (1989). Burton's cathedral unites the images of

steeple, skyscraper, staircase, ladder and rope.



1 *The maypole and related images appear in a number of popular songs. The Wheel and the Maypole by XTC

explicitly riffs on the axis mundi idea.



1 *The Island (Lost)|The Island in the ABC drama Lost (TV series)|Lost is

revealed in its sixth season to function as a sort of axis mundi.



1 *In God of War: Chains of Olympus the axis mundi appears in a literal

way as it separates Earth from Hades. It is destroyed in Persephone|Persephone's scheme to destroy all life, and after its destruction Atlas (mythology)|Atlas is punished by

replacing the pillar.


Todd Solondz - Storytelling and Palindromes

1 In 2001, Solondz released Storytelling (film)|Storytelling, which premiered at the 2001 Cannes Film

Festival


Todd Solondz - Storytelling and Palindromes

1 Solondz's next film, Palindromes (film)|Palindromes (2004), raised the

eyebrows of many pundits and reviewers due to its themes of child

molestation, statutory rape and abortion. The film was financed

largely by the filmmaker. Like all of Solondz's previous films, Palindromes is set in suburban New Jersey. It was

released unrated in the US.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html

Storytelling festival

1 A 'storytelling festival' is often an annual event that features local,

regional and/or nationally known oral storytellers. Each storyteller will have

a scheduled amount of time(s) to share a story (or stories) with an

audience. The featured storytellers are often professional performing artists, but semi-professional or

amateur storytellers may also be included among the events.



1 Some festivals showcase the winners of storytelling contests such as the

Young Storyteller of the Year.



1 At many festivals (including the National Storytelling Festival (USA)),

paper tickets are substituted by swatches of patterned cloth that are

pinned on and worn by festival participants. These swatches of cloth have a different/unique pattern each year and various colors may be used

to distinguish the level of participation.



1 The town of Jonesborough, Tennessee self proclaims to be the storytelling capital.


Storytelling game

1 A 'storytelling game' is a game where two or more persons collaborate on storytelling|telling a spontaneous

plot (narrative)|story


Storytelling game

1 Since this person usually sets the ground and setting for the story, he

or she is often referred to as the storyteller (often contracted to ST) or

narrator. Any number of other alternate forms may be used, many of which are variations on the term

gamemaster; these variants are especially common in storytelling games derived from or similar to

role-playing games.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html

Storytelling game

1 In contrast to improvisational theater|improv theater, storytelling gamers describe the actions of their characters rather than acting them out, except during dialogue or, in

some games, monologue. That said, live action role-playing game|live

action versions exist, which are very much akin to theater except in the

crucial absence of a non-participating audience.


Storytelling game - Role-playing games

1 So while in a conventional game the announcement that one's character is going

to leap over a seven-meters-wide canyon will be greeted with the request to roll a number of dice, a player in a storytelling

game who wishes to have a character perform a similar feat will have to convince the others (especially the storyteller) why it

is both probable and keeping within the established traits of their character to

successfully do sohttps://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html


1 Not all players find the storytelling style of role-playing satisfying. Many

role-playing gamers are more comfortable in a system that gives them less freedom, but where they do not need to police themselves;

others find it easier to enjoy a system where a more concrete framework of rules is already

present. These three types of player are discussed by the GNS theory.



1 Conversely, most modern role-playing games encourage

gamemasters to ignore their gaming systems if it makes for a more

enjoyable story, even though they may not describe themselves as

storytelling games.



1 Most often referred to as Literary RPGs and place a greater emphasis

on writing skill and storytelling ability than on any sense of competition

driven outcome.



1 White Wolf, Inc.|White Wolf Game Studio's Storyteller System, which is

used in World of Darkness role-playing games such as Vampire: The Masquerade and live-action games

under the Mind's Eye Theatre imprint, is the best-known and most popular role-playing game described

as a storytelling game.


Storytelling game - Alternate form role-playing games

1 An early design of a collaborative storytelling game not based in

simulation was created by Chris Engle c



1 In 1999, game designer Ian Millington

[http://ptgptb.org/0020/coop.html Co-operative Roleplay: An Interview with Ian Millington] developed an

early work called Ergo[http://web.archive.org/web/20030827023732/http://www.collaborati

veroleplay.org/games/ian/ergo/ergo_one.txt Ergo] which established

the basis for collaborative role-playing



1 Modern rule systems (such as the coin system in

Universalis[http://www.rpg.net/news+reviews/reviews/rev_7310.html A review of Universalis at RPGnet], by J B Bell) rely less on randomness

and more in collaboration between players. This includes rules based on economic systems that

force players to negotiate the details of the story, and solve conflicts based on the

importance that they give to a given plot element and the resources they're willing to

spend to make it into the story.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html

The Residents - Storytelling projects (2006–09)

1 Summer of 2006 brought the internet download project, River of Crime (Episodes 1–

5)



1 On the May 21 the band announced on its website that its first North

America tour since Demons Dance Alone for a project titled The Bunny

Boy was set to begin on October 9 in New York—later an earlier date was

added for Santa Cruz



1 November 3, 2009, saw three new releases


Jim Bridger - Storytelling legacy

1 Jim Bridger was well known during his life and afterwards as a teller of tall tales


Jim Bridger - Storytelling legacy

1 Supposedly one of Bridger's favorite yarns to tell to greenhorns was about

being pursued by one hundred Cheyenne warriors. After being

chased for several miles, Bridger found himself at the end of a box canyon, with the Indians bearing

down on him. At this point, Bridger would go silent, prompting his

listener to ask, What happened then, Mr. Bridger? Bridger would reply,

They killed me.


Culture of the Bahamas - Storytelling

1 Storytelling and folklore played a large role in the traditional entertainment of Bahamian

communities, particularly before the advent of modern television. Many of these highly amusing tales also carry wise lessons. Bahamian storytelling has witnessed some revival, through

the works of Patricia Glinton Meicholas and other authors.



1 Storytelling is one of the customs influenced by African cultures, e.g. in the stories of ber Bookie, ber Rabbi,

etc.



1 Bush medicine has been practiced since the times of slavery in the

Bahamas. It is still used today to cure many diseases, using local plants.


Society for Storytelling

1 Founded in 1993, the 'Society for Storytelling' is a UK-based society which support the art of traditional

storytelling. Open to anyone with an interest in the form, it coordinates National Storytelling Week which

takes place in January of each year. Former Storytelling Laureate Taffy Thomas is currently Patron of the

Society.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html

National Storytelling Festival

1 The 'National Storytelling Festival' is held the first full weekend

of October in Jonesborough, Tennessee at the International

Storytelling Center. The National Storytelling Festival was founded by

Jimmy Neil Smith, a high school journalism teacher in 1973. It has grown over the years to become a major festival both in the United

States and internationally.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html

National Storytelling Festival - History

1 In 1973, Jimmy Neil Smith, a high school journalism teacher, and a

carload of students heard Grand Ole Opry regular Jerry Clower spin a tale over the radio about raccoon|coon hunting in Mississippi. Smith was inspired by that event to create a

story telling festival in East Tennessee|Northeast Tennessee.



1 In October 1973, the first National Storytelling Festival was held in

Jonesborough, Tennessee. Hay bales and wagons were the stages, and

audience and tellers together didn't number more than 60.



1 Today, NSA (now known as the International Storytelling Center)

promotes the power of storytelling and the creative applications of this

ancient tradition to enrich the human experience in the home, at the

workplace, and throughout the world.


National Storytelling Festival - The Festival

1 Produced by the International Storytelling Center, the three-day

outdoor festival features performances by internationally-

known artists and has been hailed “the leading event of its kind in

America” by USA Today. In existence for nearly 40 years, the Festival

attracts more than 10,000 audience members to Jonesborough---

Tennessee's oldest town---from across the United States and world annually, including school groups

whose students attend as an educational experience.



1 The festival builds on the Appalachian cultural tradition of

storytelling. Held under circus tents scattered throughout Jonesborough, storytellers sit on stages or at the head of the tent to perform. There are usually five or six tents in close proximity so that festival goers can

easily walk from tent to tent and from performance to performance.



1 Past storytellers include Carmen Agra Deedy, Jay O'Callahan, Donald Davis

(storyteller)|Donald Davis, Syd Lieberman, Andy Offutt Irwin, and

Kathryn Tucker Windham. The festival has expanded to include the growing ranks of Youth Storytellers, including showcasing participants and winners of the National Youth Storytelling Showcase. The festival influenced the development of a

storytelling graduate degree program



1 at the nearby East Tennessee State University. This is the only Master's

degree program of its kind.


Narratives - In cultural storytelling

1 From Native North American Oral Traditions to Western Literacy: Storytelling in Education


Narratives - In cultural storytelling

1 For example, a number of indigenous stories are used to illustrate a value or lesson


Abenaki - Storytelling

1 Storytelling is a major part of Abenaki culture. It is used not only as entertainment but also as a teaching method. The Abenaki view stories as having lives of their own and being aware of how they are used. Stories were used as a means of teaching

children behavior. Children were not to be mistreated, and so instead of punishing the child, they would be

told a story.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html

Abenaki - Storytelling

1 One of the stories is of Azban the Raccoon. This is a story about a proud raccoon that challenges a

waterfall to a shouting contest. When the waterfall does not respond,

Azban dives into the waterfall to try to outshout it; he is swept away

because of his pride. This story would be used to show a child the pitfalls of

pride.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html

World Storytelling Day

1 On World Storytelling Day, as many people as possible tell and listen to stories in as many languages and at as many places as possible, during

the same day and night


World Storytelling Day

1 The significance in the event lies in the fact that it is the first global

celebration of storytelling of its kind, and has been important in forging

links between storytellers often working far apart from each other. It has also been significant in drawing

public and media attention to storytelling as an art form.


World Storytelling Day - Event History

1 The Swedish national storytelling network passed out some time after, but the day stayed alive, celebrated

around the country by different enthusiasts



1 When the Scandinavian storytelling web-network, Ratatosk, started

around 2001, Scandinavian storytellers started talking, and in

2002, the event spread from Sweden to Norway, Denmark, Finland and

Estonia. In 2003, the idea spread to Canada and other countries, and the

event has become known internationally as World Storytelling Day. Starting around 2004, France participated with the event Jour

Mondial du Conte.



1 World Storytelling Day 2005 had a grande finale on Sunday March 20.

There were events from 25 countries on 5 continents, and 2006 saw the

program grow further. 2007 was the first time a storytelling concert was held in Newfoundland and Labrador|Newfoundland, Canada. In 2008 The

Netherlands took part in World Storytelling Day with a big event called 'Vertellers in de Aanval' on

March the 20th; three thousand kids were surprised by the sudden

appearance of storytellers in their classrooms.



1 In 2009, there were World Storytelling Day events in Europe, Asia, Africa, North America, South

America and Australia.


World Storytelling Day - Themes

1 Each year, many of the individual storytelling events that take place around the globe are linked by a common theme. Each year, the

theme is identified by and agreed upon by storytellers from around the

world using the WSD listserve


Gullah language - Gullah storytelling

1 The Gullah people have a rich storytelling tradition strongly

influenced by African oral traditions, but also informed by their historical experience in America. Their stories include animal trickster tales about

the antics of Br'er Rabbit|Brer Rabbit, Br'er Fox and Br'er Bear|Brer Fox and Brer Bear, Big Bad Wolf (Disney)|Brer

Wolf, etc.; human trickster tales about clever and self-assertive

slaves; and morality tales designed to impart moral teaching to children.



1 Several white American writers collected Gullah stories in the late 19th and early 20th

centuries



1 The linguistic accuracy of these writings has been questioned because of the authors' social

backgrounds. Nonetheless, these works provide the best available

information on the Gullah language as it was spoken in its more

conservative form during the 19th century.


Interactive fiction - Interactive storytelling

1 Interactive storytelling is a developing kind of computer

entertainment. The term was coined by Chris Crawford (game designer)|Chris Crawford, a main proponent

and developer. He defines interactive storytelling as, a form of interactive entertainment in which the player

plays the role of the protagonist in a dramatically rich

environment.Crawford, Chris (2004) Chris Crawford on Interactive

Storytelling. New Riders.


Interactive fiction - Interactive storytelling

1 Interactive storytelling and interactive fiction are distinct in that

interactive storytelling focuses on drama and dynamic circumstances,

where interactive fiction games, traditionally (but not necessarily)

focus on puzzle-solving and navigating through pre-conceived circumstances. They are similar,

however, in that well-written forms of both are nonlinear.


Australian storytelling

1 Since the beginning of time (the Dreaming (spirituality)|Dreaming) storytelling played a vital role in Australian Australian Aborigines|

Aboriginal culture, one of the world’s oldest cultures


Australian storytelling - Aboriginal Australian storytelling

1 The Songlines, also called Dreaming tracks, were a form of Indigenous storytelling that

brought about understanding of the landscape. They told stories about the path

of a creator-spirit during the Dreaming (spirituality). There is a large collection of

stories from the Dreamtime|Aboriginal Dreamtime that form a large part of Australian storytelling history. These

include stories about the Bunyip.


Australian storytelling - New stories

1 These European Australian|Europeans who came to the

continent in the form of convicts, soldiers and settlers brought their

own stories which were passed around United Kingdom|Britain’s new

penal colony orally



1 An anti-authoritarian attitude emerged in their new culture which was often reflected in their stories. Some of the pain of abandonment was eased through the sharing of

stories about bushrangers who dared to rob the rich and flout authority.

One such bushranger was Ned Kelly who became a hero of the people

and a legend in life and death. His is still one of the best known Australian

stories.



1 Later, the prospectors who flooded Australian gold mining|goldfields

during the 1800s brought with them the stories they heard on the

American goldfields


Australian storytelling - 20th-century stories

1 The Great Depression|Depression years of the 1930s brought the

wikt:itinerant|itinerant storyteller;the swagmen who carried the stories across the vast continent as they

walked from town to town looking for work



1 One of the itinerant storytellers from the depression years was Henry Lawson, who was born on the

goldfields—the son of a Norwegian people|Norwegian seaman. He

roamed the bush with the swagmen. Fame, though not fortune, came to him through his poems and short

stories and when he died in 1922 he was honoured with a state funeral.



1 Many Australian stories, such as Lawson’s The Drover’s Wife,

developed in the distant and harsh conditions of the Australian bush

where men and women would wonder and fear. Sharing stories

helped ease loneliness and homesickness, brought back

memories of comfortable times and places and generated a feeling of

togetherness against the wild unknown. The stories were told

around the fire while the billy boiled; the fire and the stories combining to

offer a feeling of security.



1 The war years (1914–18 and 1939–45) added another dimension to Australian Folklore|folktales. New

heroes began to emerge. From the First World War emerged the Anzacs

and the story of Simpson and his donkey, and Sister Vivian Bullwinkel

to name just a few.



1 After World War II the Jewish refugees from Eastern Europe and many other

different ethnic groups have each added rich dimensions to Australian

storytelling. Post-war affluence brought new mediums of

entertainment and new ways of telling stories and the oral tradition

was overlooked for many years.


Australian storytelling - Storytelling Guilds

1 These guilds have close ties with storytelling guilds in New Zealand

and the biennial international storytelling conference in Masterton

(Glistening Waters) is a popular event.


Australian storytelling - Storytellers

1 With the importance of oral literacy now being acknowledged by many

Australian educators, oral storytellers have become a valuable resource for

teachers. Many Australian storytellers, such as JB Rowley, Gael Cresp, Jackie Kerin and others, are also successful authors. Another

Australian storyteller, Louisa John-Krol, uses stories as a basis for her

music.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html

Australian storytelling - Storytellers

1 Larry Brandy is an Aboriginal storyteller who specialises in involving his audience, using

artefacts.


Oral storytelling

1 The intimacy and connection is deepened by the flexibility of oral

storytelling which allows the tale to be moulded according to the needs of the audience and/or the location

or environment of the telling


Oral storytelling

1 The flexibility of oral storytelling extends to

the teller


Oral storytelling - Human need

1 Community storytelling offered the security of explanation; how life and

its many forms began and why things happen, as well as entertainment

and enchantment


Oral storytelling - Human need

1 Telling stories is a nurturing act for the listener, who is connected to the storyteller through the story, as well

as for the storyteller who is connected to the listeners through

the story.


Oral storytelling - History

1 Early storytelling probably originates in simple chants . People sang chants

as they worked at grinding corn or sharpening tools. Our early ancestors

created myths to explain natural occurrences. They assigned

superhuman qualities to ordinary people, thus originating the hero

tale.



1 Early storytelling combined stories, poetry, music, and dance. Those who

excelled at storytelling became entertainers, educators, cultural advisors, and historians for the

community. Through storytellers, the history of a culture was handed down

from generation to generation.



1 The importance of stories and storytellers throughout human

history can be seen in the respect afforded to storytellers like the

African griot and the Irish seanchaí.



1 The 9th century fictional storyteller Scheherazade of One Thousand and One Nights, who saves herself from

execution by telling tales, is one example illustrating the value placed

on storytelling in days of old. Centuries before Scheherazade, the power of storytelling is reflected by Vyasa at the beginning of the Indian epic Mahabharata. Vyasa says, If you listen carefully, at the end you'll be

someone else.



1 In the Middle Ages storytellers, also called a troubadour or a minstrel,

could be seen in the market places and were honored as members of

royal courts



1 Journeying from land to land, storytellers would learn various

regions's stories while also gathering news to bring back with them.

Through exchanging stories with other storytellers, stories changed,

making it difficult to trace the origins of many stories.



1 In the 1800s Jakob and Wilhelm Brothers Grimm|Grimm collected and published stories that had been told

orally in Germany



1 In the 1900s the importance of oral storytelling was recognised by

storytellers such as Marie Shedlock, a retired English schoolteacher. She

made several tours to the United States to lecture on the art of storytelling emphasising the

importance of storytelling as a natural way to introduce literature to

children.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html

Oral storytelling - Oral storytelling festivals

1 In the 20th century oral storytelling has undergone a revival of interest

and focus. Including the establishment of a number of

storytelling festivals beginning with the National Storytelling Festival

(USA) in Jonesborough, TN. Wolf, Eric Interview with Connie Regan-Blake

on the Art of Storytelling with Brother Wolf Show A history of the National

Storytelling Festival. 2008https://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html

Oral storytelling - Films

1 *How People Got Fire - Animated film about oral storytelling in Native culture


Transmedia storytelling

1 'Transmedia storytelling' (also known as 'transmedia narrative' or

'multiplatform storytelling') is the technique of storytelling|telling a single story or story experience across multiple platforms and formats using current digital

technologies. It is not to be confused with traditional cross-platform media franchises, sequels or adaptations.


Transmedia storytelling

1 From a production standpoint, it involves creating content that engages an audience using various techniques to permeate their

daily lives. In order to achieve this engagement, a transmedia production will develop stories across multiple forms of

media in order to deliver unique pieces of content in each channel. Importantly, these

pieces of content are not only linked together (overtly or subtly), but are in narrative

synchronization with each other.


Storytelling (disambiguation)

1 'Storytelling' is the art of portraying real or fictitious events in words, images, and

sounds.



1 *Storytelling (film)|Storytelling (film), a 2001 film directed by Todd Solondz

featuring original music by Belle Sebastian



1 *Storytelling (Belle Sebastian album)|Storytelling (Belle Sebastian

album), an album by Belle Sebastian, soundtrack to the film



1 *Storytelling (Jean-Luc Ponty album)|Storytelling (Jean-Luc Ponty album), an album by jazz-fusion artist Jean-

Luc Ponty


Self-portrait - Other meanings, storytelling

1 The self-portraits of many Contemporary artists and Modernists often are characterized by a strong

sense of narrative, often but not strictly limited to vignettes from the

artists life-story


Carlton Cuse - The Storytelling

1 It captured your imagination by promising a journey with global

vision, packed with endless adventure and electrifying discovery

—and by making you wonder how long this land-locked, no-escape

ironic odyssey could last as the kind of perpetual storytelling machine

American television requires.


Carlton Cuse - The Storytelling

1 These are shows for a culture that frets bold, demanding storytelling as much as it craves and celebrates it.

[http://insidetv.ew.com/2014/09/22/lost-10th-anniversary-doc-jensen/] For the 10th anniversary of 'Lost,' Doc

Jensen looks back..


Korean arts - Storytelling and comedy

1 Narrative storytelling, either in poetic dramatic song by yangban scholars,

or in rough-housing by physical comedians, is generally a male

performance. There is as yet virtually no stand-up comedy in Korea

because of cultural restrictions on insult-humour, personal comments,

and respect for seniors, despite globally successful Korean comic films which depend on comedy of

error, and situations with no apparent easy resolution under tight

social restraints.


Korean arts - Storytelling and comedy

1 Korean oral history includes narrative myths, legends, folk tales; songs,

folksongs, shaman songs and p'ansori; proverbs that expand into short historical tales, riddles, and suspicious words which have their

own stories. They have been studied by Cho Dong-Il; Choi In-hak, and

Zong In-sop, and published often in editions in English for foreigners, or

for primary school teachers.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html

Street Fighter: The Storytelling Game

1 'Street Fighter: The Storytelling Game' is a role-playing game based on the Street Fighter video game series. It uses most of

the basic game mechanics from White Wolf Publishing|White Wolf's World of Darkness

games. It was released in 1994 and contains most of the characters from Super Street Fighter II. The Storytelling Game is

currently out of print, as are all games using the original Storytelling System.


Street Fighter: The Storytelling Game - Character generation

1 Character generation was similar to White Wolf's other games (Vampire, Werewolf,

Mage, etc.)


Street Fighter: The Storytelling Game - Game mechanics

1 Gameplay was based on previous White Wolf games


Street Fighter: The Storytelling Game - Products

1 A total of one basic module and five supplements books were released for this game. (In White Wolf Code order)


Adriana Cavarero - Relating Narratives: Storytelling and Selfhood (2000)

1 Kottman, Introduction to Relating Narratives: Storytelling and Selfhood (Routledge, 2000).


Adriana Cavarero - Relating Narratives: Storytelling and Selfhood (2000)

1 Cavarero claims that we perceive ourselves as narratable, as protagonists of a story that we long to hear from others. This desire for a story, for our story to be told, becomes the

guiding element in the new approach to identity. Our identity is not possessed in

advance, as an innate quality or inner self that we are able to master and express. It is rather the outcome of a relational practice, something given to us from another, in the

form of a life-story, a biography.


Nantucket Film Festival - Late Night Storytelling

1 In this event Festival attendees tell a five minute story, based on a chosen theme.

Writers, actors, filmmakers or Nantucketers, tell their tales without the benefit of notes or scripts. Past storytellers include; Jim Carrey, Jerry Stiller, Tina Fey, Laird Hamilton, Jesse L Martin, Brian Williams, Joe Pantoliano, Alan Cumming, Mos Def, Olympia Dukakis, Ted Hope, Paul Rudd, Celia Weston, John Shea,

Kristen Johnston, Peter Farrelly, Bobby Farrelly, Anne Meara, Rosie Perez, and Ben Stiller.


Florida cracker - Cracker Storytelling Festival

1 The majority of visitors who attend this event are students, because storytelling is part of the Florida

curriculum


One Moment in Time (comics) - Storytelling

1 In The Amazing Spider-Man #638, the story is told as a mixture of

Flashback (narrative)|flashbacks and current events. The flashbacks are from the end of Spider-Man: One More Day|One More Day or The

Wedding! (comics)|Amazing Spider-Man Annual #21. The flashbacks use

actual pages from the original comics, and are mixed in with new

pages that illustrate how events were changed by Mephisto (comics)|

Mephisto.



1 In Amazing Spider-Man #639, the story is told as a mixture of

flashbacks and current events. The flashbacks are from Civil War

(comics)|Civil War and Spider-Man: Back in Black|Amazing Spider-Man

#539-543. These flashbacks are only panels from the original comics and

not full pages.



1 In Amazing Spider-Man #640, the story is told as the altered events of Spider-Man: Back in Black|Back in

Black and One More Day, as well as other events contemporaneous with

those storylines.


Persian literature - Persian storytelling

1 One Thousand and One Nights () is a medieval Folklore|folk tale collection which tells the story of Scheherazade

( Šahrzād), a Sassanid Empire|Sassanid queen who must relate a series of stories to her malevolent

husband, King List of One Thousand and One Nights

characters#Shahryār|Shahryar ( Šahryār), to delay her execution



1 The nucleus of the collection is formed by a Zoroastrian Middle Persian|Pahlavi Sassanid Persian

language|Persian book called Hazār AfsānahAbdol Hossein Saeedian, Land and People of Iran p. 447 (, Thousand Myths), a collection of

ancient Indian and Persian folk tales.



1 During the reign of the Abbasid Caliph Harun al-Rashid in the 8th century, Baghdad had become an

important cosmopolitan city


Storytelling (film)

1 'Storytelling' is a 2001 American Comedy-drama|comedy-drama film

written and directed by Todd Solondz. It features original music by Belle Sebastian, later compiled on an

Storytelling (Belle Sebastian album)|album of the same name. It was

screened in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2001 Cannes Film

Festival.https://store.theartofservice.com/the-storytelling-toolkit.html

Storytelling (film) - Plot

1 The film consists of two stories that are unrelated and have different

actors, titled Fiction and Non-Fiction.



1 Fiction, starring Selma Blair, is about a group of college students in a

creative writing class taught by a professor who has affairs with his

students.



1 Non-Fiction, starring Paul Giamatti and John Goodman, is about the

filming of a high school student and his family through the college

application process.


Storytelling (film) - Autobiography

1 The original version of the film featured a third story entitled

Autobiography, concerning, among other things, a The closet|closeted

football player played by actor James van der Beek. The main character

has an explicit sex scene with a male partner (Steve Rosen|Steven Rosen);

the entire story was cut from the final version.


Storytelling (film) - Cast

1 * Leo Fitzpatrick as Marcus



1 * Tina Holmes as Sue



1 * Julie Hagerty as Fern Livingston



1 * Lupe Ontiveros as Consuela


Storytelling (film) - Red box controversy

1 During the sex scene in the Fiction part of the film, a red box was added for the

American version of the film, blocking the audience's view of a rough sex scene

between Selma Blair and Robert Wisdom. This was used to bend the rules of the

MPAA's rating system, allowing the film to obtain the R rating instead of NC-17. The box is not present in the international version of

the film, although in the American DVD release, both options are available.


Austin Film Festival - Digital Storytelling

1 Digital Storytelling (DS), an arts education program improving students’ reading, writing and

communication skills using film, was launched in fall 2005 and integrated into high school English Language

Arts (ELA) classes.


Austin Film Festival - Digital Storytelling

1 DS provides the curriculum, reading materials, state-of-the-art film equipment, and professional

filmmaker instructors to participating schools


Nonlinear storytelling

1 'Nonlinear narrative', 'disjointed narrative' or 'disrupted narrative' is a narratology|narrative technique, sometimes used in

literature, film, hypertext websites and other narratives, where events are portrayed, for

example out of chronological order, or in other ways where the narrative does not follow the

direct causality pattern of the events featured, such as parallel distinctive plot lines, dream immersions or narrating another story inside

the main plot-line


Nonlinear storytelling - Literature

1 Beginning a narrative in medias res (Latin: into the middle of things) began in ancient times as an and

was established as a convention of epic poetry with Homer's Iliad in the

8th century BC



1 From the late 19th century and early 20th century, modernist literature|modernist novelists Joseph Conrad,

Virginia Woolf, Ford Madox Ford, Marcel Proust, and William Faulkner

experimented with narrative chronology and abandoning linear

order.Heise, Ursula K. (1997). Chronoschisms: Time, Narrative, and

Postmodernism. Cambridge University Press. p. 77 ISBN 0-521-

55544-2



1 Examples of nonlinear novels are: Luís Vaz de Camões's The Lusiads,

Laurence Sterne's The Life and Opinions of Tristram Shandy,

Gentleman (1759–67), Thomas Carlyle's Sartor Resartus (ca



1 Scott McCloud argues in Understanding Comics that the narration of comics is nonlinear because it relies on the reader's

choices and interactions.


Nonlinear storytelling - Film

1 Defining nonlinear structure in film is, at

times, difficult


Nonlinear storytelling - Silent and early era

1 Experimentation with nonlinear structure in film dates back to the silent film era,

including D


Nonlinear storytelling - Post-World War II

1 Jean-Luc Godard's work since 1959 was also important in the evolution of nonlinear film


Nonlinear storytelling - Post-World War II

1 In the United States, Robert Altman carried the nonlinear motif in his films, including

McCabe Mrs


Nonlinear storytelling - 1990s and 2000s

1 In the 1990s, Quentin Tarantino influenced a tremendous growth in nonlinear films with Reservoir Dogs (1992) and Pulp Fiction (film)|Pulp

Fiction (1994)


Nonlinear storytelling - 1990s and 2000s

1 Takashi Shimizu's Japanese horror series, Ju-on, brought to America as The Grudge, is also nonlinear in its

storytelling.


Nonlinear storytelling - Television

1 Japanese anime series sometimes present their plot in nonlinear order



1 The American Broadcasting Company|ABC television series Lost (TV series)|Lost made extensive use of nonlinear story telling, with each

episode typically featuring a primary storyline on the island as well as a secondary storyline from another

point in a character's life, either past or future.



1 FX (TV channel)|FX's Emmy Award winning legal drama Damages (TV

series)|Damages starring Glenn Close, begins each season with an

intensely melodramatic event taking place and then traveling back six months earlier. Throughout the

season, each episode shows events both in the past, present, and future that lead up to and follow said event.



1 The British sitcom Coupling (UK TV series)|Coupling would often utilize

non-linear narratives in which groups of men and women would

independently discuss an event, after which (or during) the event would be

portrayed.


Nonlinear storytelling - Video games

1 In video games, the term nonlinear refers to a game that has more than one possible story line and/or ending



1 Some video games mimic film non-linearity by presenting a single plot in a chronologically distorted way

instead of letting the player determine the story flow themselves.

The first-person shooter Tribes: Vengeance is an example of this;

another is Sega's Sonic Adventure.



1 Nonlinear Storytelling in Games: Deconstructing the Varieties of Nonlinear

Experiences


Nonlinear storytelling - HTML narratives

1 In contemporary society webpages or to be more correct, hypertexts, have become affluent forms of narratives


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