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Status of development, registration and use of bio-pesticides in Tanzania

Patrick Ngwediagi

Regional Experts Workshop on Development, Regulation and Use of Bio-pesticides in East Africa, Nairobi, Kenya, 22–23 May 2014

OUTLINE INTRODUCTION – TANZANIA, SUPPORTIVE

POLICIES & STRATEGIES

CURRENT STATUS Legal & Institutional Frameworks Procedure & Types of registered products

RECOMMENDATIONS

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TANZANIA: Geographical facts Tanzania is located just south of

the Equator and covers 937,060 Km2

It is a United Republic.. estimated population of over 44

m people, making the largest nation in the Eastern African region both in land area and population

It is the only country in the region bordering 8 countries in total

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INTRODUCTIONAgriculture is a leading economic sector

in Tanzania.It provides a livelihood to about 80% of

the population. It is the primary source of food and raw

materialsAccounts for about 24.7 % of GDPIt is the second export sector after mining

in terms of foreign earnings Current policies and strategies aims at

6% annual growth and 10% in the long run

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In collaboration with other stakeholders (private sector and DPs) the Government is committed to transform agriculture through:

Strategies: ASDS Initiatives: KILIMO KWANZA Resolve Synergies: SAGCOT, FEED THE FUTURE Programmes: ASDP, CAADP (through

TAFSIP)

Aim: Boosting agricultural production and productivity

Availability and accessibility of agricultural productive inputs (seeds, fertilizers and agro-pesticides) is crucial 04/13/236

DEFINITIONS/TYPES

Bio-pesticides and Biological Control Agents

In some literature and also during discussions with the stakeholders, bio-pesticides and biological control agents are grouped together

Sometimes the terms are used interchangeably??

However, they are different04/13/237

What is Bio-pesticides Biopesticides, a contraction of 'biological

pesticides’, include several types of pest management intervention.

The term has been associated historically with biological control - and by implication - the manipulation of living organisms

Regulatory positions can be influenced by public perceptions

Types of Bio-pesticidesMicrobial pesticidesPlant pesticidesBiochemical pesticides

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DEFINITIONS/TYPES Cont.

What is Biological Control Agents Biological control agents are parasites and

predators of pests and their eggs (eg.Trichogramma)

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CURRENT STATUS

DEVELOPMENT OF BIOPESTICIDES

No formal development /production in TZ Most of the available products are imported/being

tested in Tanzania Local bio-pesticides (esp. biochemical pesticides

are available at research centres Collaboration with CGIAR

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CURRENT STATUS…

REGISTRATION OF BIOPESTICIDES & BIOLOGICAL AGENTS

Legal & Institutional Frameworks

Two legislation system (Union and Zanzibar for non Union matters)-Constitutional requirement

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TANZANIA MAINLAND

There are a number of regulatory frameworks for pesticides management

Plant Protection Act, No. 13 of 1997 (Cap. 133 R.E 2002) & its Regulations of 1998

The Tropical Pesticides Research Institute Act, No. 18 of 1979 (Cap.161 R.E 2002) & Regulations 1984

The legislations are aimed at managing & control i.e registration, quality and potency verification and surveillance

There are other related legislations (EMA, Biosafety Regulations etc)

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Registration Cont. The PPA of 1997 establishes the National Plant

Protection Advisory Committee (NPPAC)NPPAC is a scientific advisory agent to the Minister on

matters concerning registration and use of plant protection substances

The Regulations, 1998 establishes 4 Sub-committees

Two of them are more relevant :Pesticides Approval and Registration Technical Sub

Committee (PARTS)Biological Control Agents Subcommittee (BCAS)

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Registration Cont. PARTS is responsible for approval of technical

test results for registration and importation of pesticides (Advise to NPPAC)

BCAS is responsible for approval of technical test results for registration of any biological agent and importation (Advise to NPPAC)

According to the PPA, 1997, the division responsible for plant protection services of the Ministry acts as the Secretariat of the NPPAC

The NPPAC Secretariat is responsible for implementation of the decisions of NPPAC

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Registration cont. Section 32 of PPA empowers the Minister

responsible for agriculture to appoint any competent research institute and delegate to it such powers or duties

Through a Ministerial order the Minister has delegated such powers to The Tropical Pesticides Research Institute (TPRI)

Registrar of Pesticides and Biological Control Agents is appointed by the Minister but based at TPRI

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REGISTRATION PROCEDURE(Based on Regulations of 1998) Fill in appropriate forms and submit to the

Registrar with Dossiers and label draft The label draft must be in two versions –

Kiswahili and English Pay the experimental registration fees (1000-

1500 USD) Submit 3 samples of the candidate product (2 for

field trial and 1 for lab. analysis – quality verification)

Submit Analytical Standards – for qualitative and quantitative analysis.

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Reg. Procedures cont. The Registrar submits the test report to the

applicable Subcommittee (PARTS /BCAS) for scrutiny

PARTS/BACAS report must be submitted to NPPAC for approval

Upon approval the candidate product is upgraded from experimental registration category to either provisional or restricted registration category

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Registration categories

1. Experimental category: Candidate product is not allowed into the market for any use

2. Provisional category: Product is allowed in the market for intended use only for two years

3. Restricted category: Product should be handled and applied by technical/professional personnel

4. Full registration category: Product shall be in this not more than 5 years. Thereafter its registration must be renewed

The upgraded products from time to time are

gazetted by order of the Minister 04/13/2318

Biopesticides Registration status Bio-pesticides registered or in the process of

registration at different stages/categories is as follows:

(List: Next slide)

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List of BiopesticidesBactivec (Bt): For Mosquito control [EXP]Griselesf (Bs): Against mosquito [EXP]Vectobac WDG (Bt): Mosquito larva control

[FULL]Vectolex (Bt): [FULL]Pyegar 35EC (Natural pyrethrum + Garlic

extract):- Various insect pests [FULL]Nimbecidine 0.03% (Azadirachtin):- Insecticides

for ornamental and turf [FULL]Neemraj Super (Azadirachtin):- Control of

bollworm on cotton [FULL]04/13/2320

Bio-Agents Registration status Currently there is no single biological control

agent registered in Tanzania Department of Crop Development is currently

testing a biological control agent Beauveria bassiana formulation (Bb) in controlling storage pest, the Larger Grain Borer (LGB).

TAHA has identified 32 bio control agents and has proposed to the Ministry its registration fast-tracking

TAHA also has requested the government to review the registration system of biolgical control agents

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ZANZIBAR Zanzibar PPA of 1997 is almost similar to the

Mainland PPA of 1997 However, in Zanzibar pesticides registration is

currently handled by the Zanzibar Food and Drugs Board (ZFDB) in accordance with its law

The Zanzibar government have agreed to amend the two laws and move the registration provisions to PPA

Currently biopesticide/biological agent is registered in Zanzibar

Test Results and pesticides registered by TPRI are accepted in zanzibar

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RECOMMENDATIONS

Build capacity of the enforcement institutions i.e. PHS, TPRI and other regulatory authorities and laboratories in order to effectively enforce the existing legislation.

Finalize review and updating existing legislations (Plant Protection Act; Tropical Pesticides Institutes Act), if possible put them under one roof

Have specific provisions on registration of bio-pesticides

Harmonize within the region

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