final draft bio pesticides (1)

7/29/2019 Final Draft Bio Pesticides (1)

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PRESENTATION ON

BIOPESTICIDES

By:

Amrita

Bhumika

Aditi Jha


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BIO PESTICIDES

What are bio pesticides?

All the living organisms, which are cultivated in

the laboratory on large scale and are used andexploited experimentally for the control of harmful

organisms are, called biopesticides.

The examples include insects, virus bacteria,

fungi, protozoan and nematodes.


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MAJOR CATEGORIES

Biopesticides fall into following major classes:1. Microbial pesticides may consist of the organisms

themselves and/or the metabolites they produce.

2. Microbial biopesticides are generally divided into3 different subcategories of products: bacteria, fungi

or viruses.

3. Plant-incorporated protectants, (PIPs)have

genetic material from other species incorporated intotheir genetic material (i.e. GM crops).

4.Biochemical pesticides are naturally occurring

substances that control pests by nontoxic

mechanisms.


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BIOPESTICIDES

Plant predators are themselves subject to attackby predators, parasites, and microbes, all of

which can indirectly help protect a plant and

therefore are also considered biopesticides.

An oak tree may have about 100 species of

insect herbivores feeding on it.

In turn, there can be up to 1,000 species of

predators, parasites, and microbes feeding on the

herbivores.


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MODIFIED ORGANISMS AS

BIOPESTICIDE

In 1980s, many crops have been geneticallymodified to produce biopesticides that will help

protect them from insects and pathogens

(including viruses).

In 1998, 40 million hectares of engineered crops

were planted throughout the world (though 74%

of the modified cropland is in the United States).


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How many biopesticideproducts?

Wide variation in countries Over a 1000 products in USA

Significantly fewer in EU

Microbial products 200 in USA

60 comparable products available in EU


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Benefits of Biopesticides

Host specificity

Ability to multiply in the target cells

No problem of toxic residue

No evidence or absence of resistance

No problem of cross resistance

Conventional technique or methods of application

May aid chemical pesticide performance when usedtogether


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Case study on benefits of Bio

pesticides (Tsunami case study)


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Bio pesticides - Concerns

High selectivity and host specificity

Higher unit prices as compared to chemical pesticides

In general, bio pesticides are not as effective aschemicals

Bio pesticides may not work immediately- delayed effector mortality

Technical knowledge

Difficulty of culturing in large quantities


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Techno Market Survey On

Biopesticides

Annual loss due to biopesticides in the agriculture sector isaround Rs. 15,000 crore

Agricultural crops are susceptible to attacks by variouskinds of pests

After 20 years it was found that the level of syntheticpesticides were building and were non biodegradable

Pesticide management has become a major issue

Some of the organisms can be used as pesticides

Chemicals extracted from neem seeds are effectivepesticides


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final draft bio pesticides (1)

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