statistik

PPE6044

STATISTIK GUNAAN(ASSIGMENT 2)

STATISTIK GUNAAN

TUTORIAL 2

(Crosstab & Correlation)

1. Using the TT02 data, create a crosstab examining the relationship between HAPPY (general happiness) and MARITAL (marital status). Answer the following questions: Percentage of married individuals are “very happy” Percentage of divorced individuals who are “very happy” Percentage of never married individuals who are “very happy” Pearson’s Chi square value Pearson’s Chi squaresignificance level Is the relationship statistically significant? How would you interpret this result

2. Is there a relationship between a person’s age (AGE) and the number of hours spent per day watching TV (TVHOURS)? Use TT02 data to test this relationship.Answer the following questions: Correlation Significance level Is the relationship statistically significant? Do people tend to watch more or less tv as they age?

ANSWER QUESTION 1:

Percentage of married individuals are “very happy”

Percentage of divorced individuals who are “very happy”

Percentage of never married individuals who are “very happy”

Case Processing SummaryCases

Valid Missing TotalN Percent N Percent N Percent

MARITAL STATUS * GENERAL HAPPINESS

1337 47.5% 1475 52.5% 2812 100.0%

MARITAL STATUS * GENERAL HAPPINESS CROSSTABULATIONGENERAL HAPPINESS Total

VERY HAPPY

PRETTY HAPPY

NOT TOO

HAPPYMARITAL STATUS

MARRIED

Count 287 342 50 679% within MARITAL STATUS

42.3% 50.4% 7.4% 100.0%

% within GENERAL HAPPINESS

68.5% 46.3% 27.8% 50.8%

% of Total 21.5% 25.6% 3.7% 50.8%

WIDOWED


20.4% 52.4% 27.2% 100.0%


5.0% 7.3% 15.6% 7.7%

% of Total 1.6% 4.0% 2.1% 7.7%DIVORCE Count 35 128 39 202

D

% within MARITAL STATUS

17.3% 63.4% 19.3% 100.0%


8.4% 17.3% 21.7% 15.1%

% of Total 2.6% 9.6% 2.9% 15.1%

SEPARATED


10.6% 53.2% 36.2% 100.0%


1.2% 3.4% 9.4% 3.5%

% of Total 0.4% 1.9% 1.3% 3.5%

NEVER MARRIED


23.2% 61.8% 15.0% 100.0%


16.9% 25.6% 25.6% 22.9%

% of Total 5.3% 14.1% 3.4% 22.9%

Total


31.3% 55.2% 13.5% 100.0%


100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0%

% of Total 31.3% 55.2% 13.5% 100.0%

Pearson’s Chi square value

Pearson’s Chi square significance level

Chi-Square TestsValue df Asymp. Sig.

(2-sided)Pearson Chi-Square 120.097a 8 .000Likelihood Ratio 117.350 8 .000Linear-by-Linear Association

54.295 1 .000

N of Valid Cases 1337a. 0 cells (0.0%) have expected count less than 5. The minimum expected count is 6.33.

Symmetric MeasuresValue Approx.

Sig.Nominal by Nominal

Phi .300 .000Cramer's V .212 .000

N of Valid Cases 1337

Is the relationship statistically significant?

Yes significant.

How would you interpret this result?

The p-value, denoted by “Asymp.Sig. (2-tailed)”, is .000. This means that there's a 0%=- chance

to find the observed (or a larger) degree of association between the variables if they're perfectly

independent in the population. So, df (= 8) and p-value as in “we observed a strong relationship

between the general happiness and marital status , χ2(8) =120.097a, p = .000.”

ANSWER : QUESTION 2

Correlation

Significance level

Descriptive StatisticsMean Std.

DeviationN

HOURS PER DAY WATCHING TV

2.87 2.617 899

AGE OF RESPONDENT

45.96 16.804 2803

CorrelationsHOURS PER

DAY WATCHING

TV

AGE OF RESPONDENT

HOURS PER DAY WATCHING TV

Pearson Correlation 1 .157**

Sig. (2-tailed) .000N 899 895

AGE OF RESPONDENTPearson Correlation

.157** 1

Sig. (2-tailed) .000N 895 2803

**. Correlation is significant at the 0.01 level (2-tailed).

Is the relationship statistically significant?

The Sig. (2-Tailed) value in our example is 0.00. This value is less than .05. Because of this, we

can conclude that there is a statistically significant correlation between a person’s age (AGE) and

the number of hours spent per day watching TV (TVHOURS)

Do people tend to watch more or less as they age?

Yes. People tend to watch less TV as they age.

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