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START SAVING MONEYONWATER ANDELECTRICITY TODAY! www.indiagoessolar.com

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START SAVING MONEYON WATER ANDELECTRICITY TODAY!SOLAR SOLUTIONS THAT YOU CAN APPLY IMMEDIATELY

www.indiagoessolar.com


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WHAT DOES THIS

E-BOOK CONTAIN?On behalf of the entire India Goes

SolarTeam we thank you for having

downloaded the E-Book START

SAVING MONEY ON WATER AND

ELECTRICITY TODAY!We hope that

the book gives you a good first idea of

what solar can do for you.

Here, we explain how renewable and

solar energy work and how they can

help you save on your monthly electricity

bills. Get to know about different types

of solar panels and solar solutions for

your home. Understand the economics

of solar energy andstart saving

today!

This book is designed to give you the

initial orientation you need to think

aboutsolar solutions. We showcase

different solar technologies and

applications. Solar could soon be in

every home and on every roof. You can

be a pioneer.

If you have suggestions for improving

this E-Books or for future E-Books of

India Goes Solar please send us your

ideas. We will read them with great

pleasure. You can do this using the

email following address:

[email protected]


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a.WHAT IS

RENEWABLEENERGY?Renewable energy is energy that is generated from sources which can be

restored or replenished very quickly. Energy from the sun, wind, rivers, tides

and biomass all make up sources of renewable energy. Sources such as

fossil fuels, natural gas and coal which are predominantly used in todays

energy mix, cannot be replenished, at least not in the next million years.

Fossil fuels are also unevenly distributed around the globe, requiring

large transportation infrastructure and creating energy dependencies and

insecurities for importers, such as India. Renewable energy sources,on

the other hand, are abundantly available all around us. We just have to tap

them!.

Moreover, conventional sources of energy such as coal also severely

impact the environment as coal power plants release massive amounts of

carbon dioxide into the atmosphere in addition to the local pollution of

air and water they cause. Global energy requirementshave increasedexponentially since the Asia started to develop rapidly. This has led to the

the largest building boom of coal power plants in history. The impacts of

emitting too much CO2into the atmosphere are disastrous especially for

a densely populated developing country like India.

We are now in an age of global warming and rising temperatures. According

to climate scientists, the most devastating effects of climate change will

likely take place, if global temperatures rise above 2 C. Coal is the major

contributor to climate change and currently our global emissions are rising

rather than falling. We might soon reach a point of no return. A recent report

by the International Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) estimated that we might

reach it in 16 years from now. Renewable energy is the perfect alternative to

counter this challenge.

In fact, renewable energy(solar, wind, biomass and hydro power) already

accounts for 22% of worlds total energy production. Solar energy is one of

the fastest growing renewables technologies as it is extremely portable, easy

to install and maintain an increasingly cheap. India is rapidly moving towards

adopting solar energy and already has around 3 GW of solar energy power

plants installed.


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b. WHAT IS SOLAR

ENERGY?Solar energy is simply the light and heat energy we get from the sun. We

can use this energy in many ways. We may want to use the suns heat

directly for heating up a room or water or we can convert it into electricity

for lighting, cooling or even driving a car.

The amount of solar energy that hits the earths surface every day

is easily enough to meet our annual global energy demand many

times over.

We just have to harness it. There are a variety of technologies that can help

us harness solar energy. These are discussed in the following section in

detail.


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c. HOW CAN YOU

GENERATE ENERGYFROM THE SUN?Solar energy can be used for either heating purposes or to generate

electric energy. The technologies employed for using the suns heat are

clubbed together as solar thermal technologies and the technologies that

convert solar energy to electric energy are calledsolar photovoltaic (PV)

technologies. PV is an electro-chemical process of where the sunlight

moves electrons in a silicon panel to create a current. Thermal applications

are typically concentrating the heat energy in solar light. One can also create

electricity electricity from the thermal solar energy through traditional steam

turbines. We will discuss each of these in the following subsections.

c.1.SOLAR PHOTOVOLTAIC (PV)

SYSTEMS

Solar photovoltaic systems convert the suns heat into electric energy. Thesystem typically consists of solar panels, solar inverters and other supporting

equipment like electric wires and panel mounting structures. Sometimes a battery

is also used with the system, if there is a need to store the electricity. When

sunlight falls on the solar panels, it gets converted into direct current (DC) and

travels through the wires to the inverter. The inverter converts this direct current to

alternating current (AC), which can run electric equipment and appliances. When

a battery is used, it is connected between the solar panels and the inverter.


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c.2.SOLAR THERMAL SYSTEMS

Solar thermal consists of various technologies that use the heat energy

in sunlight to generate energy either using the thermal energy to heat other

substances (for example water) or converting it into electricity through a steam

turbine. Although there are many different designs and technologies, the most

commonly used for residential applications are solar water heaters. For large scale

electricity plants, concentrated solar power (CSP) is used.

For asolar water heater , a collector is used. It consists of tubes, which are filled

with water. The water inside these tubes gets heated by sunlight. The hot water

then replaces cold water in a tank above the collector in constant circulation. This

happens, because according to a law of physics called thermosiphonic flow, hotwater rises and cold water settles down.

However, there are many different designs and some of them may rely on pumps to

move water from the collector to the tanks.

Large scale, concentrated solar power (CSP) is quite different. This is used for

power plants of sizes of 50 MW of above. CSP plantsalso have a collector area

that collets the sunlight (called the solar field). However, here, a system of mirrors or

lenses concentrates sunlight onto a small area (for example, a tube inside parabolic

trough mirrors or a the tip of a tower). In this small area, the heat can reach hundreds

of degrees celcius. Water will no longer do as a fluid transporting the heat as it would

evaporate at such temperatures. Instead, oil or molten salt is used. The heat fluid

then runs a traditional steam turbine block to generate electricity.

Parabolic trough design for CSP (Above)

Concentrated solar power (Right)


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d. HOW CAN YOU

SAVE MONEY WITHSOLAR ENERGY?

That is easy. Lets assume you consume about 10 units (kWh) of electricity

daily on average a TV, a fridge, some fans, 2 ACs. Now lets assume you

install a 1 kW solar PV system (to generate power) on your roof. The cost

of a 1 kW system would be approximately INR 1 lakh. The lifetime of such

system is 25 years. So (keeping it simple), the system would cost you INR

4,000 per year. It can provide you with roughly 5 units of electricity per day

(i.e. it will generate power for 5 hours on average every day). That would

mean a saving of 5 units of electricity daily. If you currently pay around INR

3 per unit for your grid power, you would save INR 5,475 a year. So, with

solar, you wouldsave more than INR 1,000 per year.

You can complement your PV system with asolar water heating system

of say 15 liters, which will cost you about INR 25,000 and will last at least

15 years. So (again, keeping it simple), its annual cost is INR 1,700 a year. A

similar sized water Geyser will cost around INR 6,000 and will consume about

3 units of electricity a day. Assuming you use it for 4 winter months, we get an

annual cost of about INR 2,500 for ten years. Thats a saving of INR 800 a year.

And think about the other benefits: you generate you own power and heat,

so you are less reliant on the grid. And it is clean power, so you do something

for the environment. And the cost of solar is locked-in for the lifetime of the

plant. It wont rise. Grid power, on the other hand might well go up.


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A solar water heater consists of a collector plate and a storage tank,

usually placed above the collector plate. The collector consists of tubes

filled with water. The tubes are exposed to direct sunlight, which heats

up the water in them. Due to a law of physics called thermosiphon, this

heated water rises up to the tank and the cold water from the tank circulates

into the tubes, where it is in turn heated up. Although there are various

other designs, this is the most commonly used. Some water heatersmay

place the tank elsewhere and use a pump to transfer water to and from

the collector plate. We have listed some of the bestselling solar waterheaters in India below.

LOBEL LSPS-EWH SOLAR ETC WATER HEATER

http://bit.ly/1396vFS

SUNTEK SWH-150E SOLAR WATER HEATERS

http://bit.ly/1swPQmz

ECOTECH ETC SOLAR WATER HEATERhttp://bit.ly/1GLZ6d4

HONEYWELL CA47-1515-100L SOLAR WATER HEATER

http://bit.ly/1GqKcL1

e. HOW DO SOLAR WATER

HEATERS WORK?


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Solar water pumps are just like any other water pump, however, their

power source is solar from PV panels instead of electricity from the grid

or from a diesel genset. Especially, where grid power is erratic and diesel

powered pumps are used, solar pumps are more economical. Solar power

is far cheaper than diesel power and there are also fewer hassles and costs

associated with operation and maintenance. All you need is a bit of space

where to place the panels. We have listed down some of the bestselling

solar water pumps.

TATA POWER SOLAR WATER PUMP

http://bit.ly/1wdwIz9

JAIN JYOT SOLAR WATER PUMPING SYSTEM - SUBMERSIBLE

http://bit.ly/1swQpNd

f. HOW DO SOLAR

WATER PUMPS WORK?


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With asolar charger, you can charge your mobile phone or a light or a radio or any

other electric equipment wherever you are, as long as the sun shines. Solar chargers

contain a surface of solar PV cells, which is connected to a battery to charge it.

This panel and battery system can be made to any size and most solar chargers are

relatively small and portable. They can be used in multiple applications like portable

torches, carry bags with solar chargers or generic chargers. Solar chargers

are extremely handy tools for off-gr id households, for outdoor trips, and as emergency

energy sources. The batteries charge holding capacity as well as the quality of thesolar cells determines how quickly the batteries charge and discharge and how much

charge they will store up. Below, we list down some of these devices.

4 MODE CHARGEABLE 36 LED SOLAR LANTERN LAMP

MOBILE CHARGER

http://bit.ly/1vVV3oc

VOX PORTABLE CHARGER 7000 MAH SOLAR / USB POWER BANK

http://bit.ly/1yZ5sGP

SCOSCHE SOLBAT II - SOLAR POWERED BACKUP BATTERY

AND CHARGER

http://bit.ly/1zsx8lc

RAVIN SC-06001 SOLAR MOBILE CHARGER

http://bit.ly/1sAeJ6p

g. HOW DOES A SOLAR

CHARGER WORK?


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h. HOW DOES ROOFTOP

SOLAR WORK?If your house or business or school or factory has an unused, open rooftop

which receives sunlight without considerable shading, you can easily install

a solar PV power system and save on your electricity bills. A solar PV

rooftop system consists of three primary components, the solar panels,

solar inverters and often also solar batteries. The sizing of the system

and the use of batteries depends on your particular energy needs, on the

availability of net-metering (ability to feed you solar power back into the

grid, if you dont need it) in your area and on the frequency and duration ofpower outages in your area.

Solar panelsconvert the sunlight falling on them into direct current (DC).

This current is used to charge the batteries (if they are used) and then goes

to the solar inverter. The inverter converts the direct current into alternating

current (AC) as our homes and offices run on AC and not DC power. This

converted AC can then be used by your electric appliances or fed back into

the grid (if net metering is available).

The exact number of panels to be used, their alignment and placement, the

type of inverter and batteries to be used requires an assessment of your

specific needs and your rooftop.

Rooftop solar diagram


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i. HOW DO SOLAR

PANELS WORK?Asolar panel is really a bunch of solar cells fixed together and connected

by wires. These cells are held in an aluminum frame and fixed at the back side

with a back sheet. Glass covers the top to protect the cells. and this makes

up a solar panel. So the question really is: how do solar cells work?Solar

cells are made of semiconductors, the same stuff electronic chips in your

laptop and cellphones are made of. However, these semiconductors have

the property to absorb light and convert it into electricity, something called

the photovoltaic effect (hence the name photovoltaics for this technology).But how exactly does this happen?As we know, everything is made

up of atoms. An atom is made up of particles called electrons orbiting a

central nucleus, much like the planets orbiting the sun. If enough energy is

given to these electrons, they can escape the atom altogether and become

free. This is exactly what happens in a solar cell. Sunlight, carries enough

energy to eject and free up electrons from the many atoms that make up

the semiconductor solar cell. Once free, these electrons can move about

freely and electric current is nothing but moving electrons! Voila, we have

electricity! We have listed some of thebestselling solar panels below:

GD 3 W SOLAR PANEL WITH FREE 5 PIN WIRELESS

MOBILE CHARGER

http://bit.ly/1yVMawT

URJA UGL-ASPLV-40 SOLAR PANELS

http://bit.ly/1vmHkqu


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j. HOW DO SOLAR

COOKERS WORK?Solar cookers are a solar thermal technology. They work on the

simple principle of focusing the sunlight onto a container holding the

food to be cooked. There are many designs that are used but the

most common are parabolic and spherical designs. In such a design,

reflectors are arranged in a parabolic or spherical shape and the food

container is kept at the focus of the parabola or the sphere.

The containers inside is made up of low reflectivity materials so that

heat can be trapped more efficiently. The container is further enclosed

in a plastic bag or a tightly sealed glass cover to prevent heat loss due

to convection.

Paraboloid solar cooker (Above)

Spherical solar cooker (Right)


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ABOUT

INDIA GOES SOLARIt all started at about 4.6 billion years ago, when the solar system and

the sun were formed from the gravitational collapse of a large molecular

cloud. On earth, throughout the ages, all great civilizations worshipped

the sun, considering it the most vital source of life and energy. In India,

the sun god Surya plays a central role in Hinduism.

But the sun can do even more for usin the future!

The suns energy is intensely felt across India, due to the countrys proximity to the

equator. Every year, India receives nearly 3,000 hours of sunshine, which is equivalent

to 5,000 trillion kWh of energy. At the same time, energy prices in India are climbing,

and power supply, while growing, is not keeping pace with the steep rise in demand.

At the same time, the global climate is heating up at a worrysome rate and India is

one of the countries most vulnerable to the effects. Solar power is a great solution to

these enormous challenges and because solar power can be deployed in a simple,

rapid, module and flexible manner it is available directly to the consumers of power.

It is, perhaps, the most democratic energy source.

The Indian government has understood this appeal and wants solar to grow by an

incredible 55% per year to 100 GW in 2022. This would make India the largest

solar market globally. A large share of this solar power is to come from rooftops and

distributed solutions. End users are encouraged to build their own solar solutions

through incentives, such as subsidies, and easy processes, such as net-metering.

Over the last years, solar power has fallen in cost by over 50% and become a very

competitive source of energy. Together with the almost limitless potential and the

high irradiation in India, this makes solar an attractive choice for the country as a

whole and for the smart energy consumer.

We are here to help you to find the best solar solution for your house, company or

farm. We have studied the solar market in India and have found that while solar makes

intuitive sense to many in India, the solar industry has done far too little to inform and

educate consumers about its potential and versatility. It has to start somewhere. It

has to start sometime. Our goal is to provide you with all you need to know about

solar solutions in India to be able to make an independent decision.

On our advice, we are on your the consumers side. We will show you another

companys products or services and we let you chose freely amongst them.

IndiaGoesSolar.com is powered by BRIDGE TO INDIA

www.bridgetoindia.com


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