Stage 16Pluperfect

TenseLatin II Week 10 Day 1

Spring 2009

The pluperfect tense is a past

tense. It is a verb that

takes place in the past BEFORE

another past action:two past actions, one takes place before the other

For Example:Quintus had escaped

from Pompeii before Mt. Vesuvius was able to

destroy him.

had escaped = pluperfect

was able = imperfect

For Example:The Cantiaci ship sank

beneath the waves because Belimicus had

ignored the rocks hidden under the sea.

had ignored = pluperfect

sank= perfect

Both actions took place in the past.

However, one action took place before the other

action.

The pluperfect tense is always the earlier of the

two actions.

To form the pluperfect

tense in Latin, you

must:

Look at the 4 principle parts of a

particular verb:ago, agere, egi, actussum, esse, fui, futurus

1. Take the 3rd principle part of the verb:

ie. egiie. fui

2. Remove the –i at the end of the word

Now add the Pluperfect Endings:

-eram-eras-erat

-eramus-eratis-erant

For example:eg + erameg + eraseg + erat

eg + eramuseg + eratiseg + erant

Translation:egeram - I had done

egeras - you had doneegerat - he had done

egeramus - we had doneegeratis - you all had done

egerant - they had done

For example:fu + eramfu + erasfu + erat

fu + eramusfu + eratisfu + erant

Translation:fueram - I had been

fueras - you had beenfuerat - he had been

fueramus - we had beenfueratis - you all had been

fuerant - they had been

Conjugate into the pluperfect tense:

pono, ponere, posuitollo, tollere, sustuli

derideo, deridere, derisi

navigo, navigare, navigavi

posueramposuerasposuerat

posueramusposueratisposuerant

posueram – I had placedposueras – you had

placedposuerat – he had

placedposueramus – we had

placedposueratis – you all had

placedposuerant – they had

placed

sustuleramsustulerassustulerat

sustuleramussustuleratissustulerant

sustuleram – I had raised

sustuleras – you had raised

sustulerat – he had raised

sustuleramus – we had raised

sustuleratis – you all had raised

sustulerant – they had raised

deriseramderiserasderiserat

deriseramusderiseratisderiserant

deriseram – I had mocked

deriseras – you had mocked

deriserat – he had mocked

deriseramus – we had mocked

deriseratis – you all had mocked

deriserant – they had mocked

navigaveramnavigaverasnavigaverat

navigaveramusnavigaveratisnavigaverant

navigaveram – I had sailed

navigaveras – you had sailed

navigaverat – he had sailed

navigaveramus – we had sailed

navigaveratis – you all had sailed

navigaverant – they had sailed

Now conjugate the following:

pereo, perire, periipunio, punire, puniviverto, vertere, vertiaedifico, aedificare,

aedificaviconsentio, consentire,

consensidelecto, delectare, delectavi

dimitto, dimittere, dimisieffugio, effugere, effugi

FINIS