Chapter 30 and 31- Forming Perfect and Pluperfect Subjunctives

Chapter 30 and 31- Forming Perfect and Pluperfect Subjunctives

The perfect active subjunctiveThe perfect subjunctive uses the PERFECT stem (the 3rd principal part)StepsTake the perfect stemAdd eriAdd endingsAmo, amare, amavi, amatumStem= amavStem + eri= amaveriStem + eri + endings= amaverim

The perfect active subjunctiveWhat does this form look identical to?The future perfect indicative!Except!:The future perfect 1st singular is amaveroThe perfect active subjunctive 1st sg. Is- amaverim

The pluperfect active subjunctiveAlso formed from the 3rd principal partSteps:Take the 3rd principal partAdd isseAdd personal endingsAmo, amare, amavi, amatumStem= amavStem + isse = amavisseStem + isse + endings= amavissemWhat does this form look very similar to?The perfect active infinitive= amavisse

Perfect and Pluperfect PASSIVEThese are formed through the 4th principal part (just like the perfect/pluperfect indicative passive)

Perfect Passive Subjunctive4th principal part + the present subjunctive of sumSo for amoAmatus, a, um simAmatus, a, um sisEtc.

Pluperfect Passive Subjunctive4th principal part + the imperfect subjunctive of sumSo for amoAmatus, a, um essemAmatus, a, um essesEtc.

Subjunctives Vs. IndicativesPerfect Active Indicative

Amavi amavistiAmavitamavimus amavistisamaveruntPerfect Active Subjunctive

AmaverimAmaverisAmaveritAmaverimusAmaveritisAmaverintPerfect Passive Indicative

Amatus sumAmatus esAmatus estAmati sumusAmati estisAmati suntPerfect Passive Subjunctive

Amatus simAmatus sisAmatus sitAmati simusAmati sitisAmati sint

Pluperfect Active Indicative

Amaveram amaverasAmaverat amaveramusAmaveratis amaverant

Pluperfect Active Subjunctive

AmavissemAmavissesAmavissetAmavissemusAmavissetisAmavissent

Pluperfect Passive Indicative

Amatus eramAmatus erasAmatus eratAmati eramusAmati eratisAmati erant

Pluperfect Passive Subjunctive

Amatus essemAmatus essesAmatus essetAmati essemusAmati essetisAmati essent

Subjunctive ReviewPresent Subjunctive

we fear a liarPerfect Subjunctive

Pluperfect Subjunctive

Imperfect Subjunctive

2nd pp + pers. endingsActive3rd pp + eri + endingsPassive4th pp + sim, sis, sitActive3rd pp + isse + endingsPassive4th pp + essem, esses, esset

9Practice!3rd sing., perfect, active, subj. of mane, manre, mans, mansusmanserit2nd plural, plup., active, subj. of lber, lberre, liberv, libertuslbervissetis1st plural, perfect, active, subj. of duc, ducere, dux, ductusduxerimus1st singular, plup., active, subj. of fugi, fugere, fug, fugitrusfugissem3rd plural, perfect, active, subj. of audi, audre, audv, audtusaudverint

Passive practice!3rd sing., perfect, pass., subj. of mane, manre, mans, mansusmansus, a, um sit2nd plural, plup., pass., subj. of lber, lberre, liberv, libertuslbert,ae, a essetis1st plural, perfect, pass., subj. of duc, ducere, dux, ductusduct, ae, a simus1st singular, plup., pass., subj. of fugi, fugere, fug, fugitrusfugitrus, a, um essem3rd plural, perfect, pass., subj. of audi, audre, audv, audtusaudt, ae, a sint