st. paul’s cathedral london, england architecture 071 architecture history ii spring 2005...
TRANSCRIPT
St. Paul’s CathedralLondon, EnglandArchitecture 071
Architecture History IISpring 2005
Instructor: Rolando L. Gonzalez, M.Arch., Architect, A.I.A.
Student: Kevin Bohnstedt
History
Short Timeline 314 – Seat (Cathedra) of Bishop of London Established
604 – First Cathedral Built
675 – First Cathedral Burned
972 – Second Cathedral Rebuilt after Viking Ransacking
1087 – Old St Paul’s Built in Norman Style
1310 – Old St Paul’s Finished
1666 – Old St Paul’s Destroyed in Great Fire
1675 – Third Plan for St Paul’s Accepted
1710 – St Paul’s Completed
1901 – Queen Victoria’s Funeral Here
1940 – Targeted in WWII
1944 – Bells Announce end of WWII
1945 – Services with 35000 attending mark end of war
Design: The Plan
• The Fire– After the Great Fire of 1666, the Cathedral
needed to be rebuilt– Sir Christopher Wren included it in his plan for
London
• Sir Christopher Wren (1632 – 1723)– Trained in Science and Medicine– Took up Architecture at 30– 3rd Plan for St Paul’s was approved (Warrant
Design)• Fortunate Coda
– Only Architect to design a Cathedral and see it through to completion in his lifetime
– Knighted by Charles II in 1673
Design: The Plan
•A Baroque Masterpiece
–Wren derived his inspiration from Renaissance greats
›Two Tier design all around
›Paired Corinthian Columns on façade like Louvre
›Twin towers frame entrance reflect Borromini
›The Dome reinterprets Bramante’s Tempietto
›Curved Transept Porches mirror the Pietro da Cortona’s
Design: The Dome
•First Dome in England
•World’s 3rd largest
•Triple layer design
•Inside design–Whispering Gallery
–Stone Gallery
–Golden Gallery
Whispering Gallery
Stone Gallery
Golden Gallery
Recent History
1964 – Martin Luther King Preached here enroute to Oslo for his Nobel Peace Prize
1965 – Sir Winston Churchill Funeral
1977 – Queen Elizabeth II Silver Jubilee
1981 – The wedding of the century
1996 – Fragments of Inigo Jones Portico found by archaeologists
1997 – 300th Anniversary
2000 – HM Queen Mother 100th Birthday
2001 – Service of Remembrance for the victims of 9/11
Renovations
•A major renovation began in 1997
–Marks the 300th anniversary of the cathedral
–Prepares for the next 300 years
–Will cost 40 million pounds
–Repairs, cleans, and improves accessibility
–Also provides additional educational facilities
•Scheduled for completion in 2008
–Celebrates 300th anniversary of opening
The Crypt
•A favorite burial place for English heroes
•The people interred here are a pantheon of English history
•Sir Christopher Wren
•Lord Admiral Nelson
•The Duke of Wellington
•John Donne
Visit St. Paul’s
• Centrally located in London
• Open for visitation daily– Chapels, Galleries open with
tours
• Visit their website for more information– http:/www.stpauls.co.uk
Questions?