sswh2.c,d. [ do not write] in 1976, archaeologists discovered the tomb of lady hao. she was a queen...
TRANSCRIPT
EARLY CHINESE CIVILIZATIONS
SSWH2.C,D
ACTIVATOR [DO NOT WRITE]In 1976, archaeologists discovered the tomb of Lady Hao. She was a queen and military leader of the Shang Dynasty. She died around 1200BCE. What can you infer (hypothesize) about the Shang Dynasty from the artifacts found in the tomb?
ACTIVATORBasin from Lady Hao’s Tomb
ACTIVATORJade Tiger from Lady Hao’s Tomb
ACTIVATORRemains from Lady Hao’s Tomb
I. GEOGRAPHY
II. SHANG DYNASTY 1700 BCE – 1027 BCE Class-based society
Large, walled cities with nobles living inside the walls and peasants living outside.
Written language Shang Dynasty was the
first in China to develop writing
Each word = different character Only the wealthiest would
have been literate
III. ZHOU DYNASTY Replaced the
Shang Dynasty in 1027 BCE.
The Zhou adopted most of Shang culture, so daily life in China didn’t change with the Dynasties.
III. A. MANDATE OF HEAVEN
Used by the Zhou as a reason for overthrowing the Shang DynastyThe Shang had been bad
leadersSo, god took away their
right to leadGod gave that right to
Zhou A just leader had god’s
approval – known as the “Mandate of Heaven”
III. B. DYNASTIC CYCLEStrong dynasty
provides peace and wealth, so it claims
to have the “Mandate of
Heaven”
Wealth declines, leaders become
corrupt then lose trust and
power
Natural disasters occur (floods,
famines, revolts)
People think the Dynasty has lost the “Mandate of
Heaven”
New Dynasty leads rebellion
and gains control
III. C. FEUDALISM
Kings had all the power and owned all the land
They gave use of the land to noble families
Peasants worked for the nobles
Everyone depended on the king for land and protection
IV. THE “WARRING STATES PERIOD”
IV. A. DECLINE OF THE ZHOU DYNASTY
Towards the end of the Zhou Dynasty, territorial leaders began to see themselves as kings.
They constantly fought with each other for power
This conflict weakened China
IV. B. CONFUCIANISM ATTEMPTS TO RESTORE ORDER IN CHINA
Who was Confucius?A scholar who started
a new ethical system (a belief of right and wrong)
The main idea of Confucianism:Achieve stability
through moral honor and well-ordered relationships
IV. B. CONFUCIANISM ATTEMPTS TO RESTORE ORDER IN CHINA
Five relationships that organized society:1. Ruler and subject2. Father and son3. Husband and wife4. Older brother and younger brother5. friend and friend
Filial Piety: Respect given to parents and ancestors given by devoting one’s life to their parents and performing memorial rituals after their death
Bureaucracy: A trained civil service / education for government leaders. Education = better men.
FILIAL PIETY
IV. C. LEGALISM OPPOSES THE IDEAS OF CONFUCIUS
Confucianism Legalism
[DO NOT WRITE]
A well-ordered society is achieved by good relationships and families
Education and ideas are good for society
[WRITE]
A well-ordered society is achieved by a powerful and efficient government
Punishments are good for order
Ideas should be controlled by the government
V. QIN DYNASTY
V. QIN DYNASTY A. Legalism
Establishes a Dynasty:
In 200 BC, Shi Huangdi used the ideas of Legalism to defeat many of the warring states and unify China under the Qin Dynasty
Burned books and had hundreds of Confucian scholars murdered
V. QIN DYNASTY B. Shi Huangdi
Builds the Great Wall of China
Peasant and slave labor was ordered to build a massive defensive wall along the Qin’s northern boarder
GREAT WALL OF CHINA
GREAT WALL OF CHINA
GREAT WALL OF CHINA
SHI HUANGDI’S CLAY ARMY
SHI HUANGDI’S CLAY ARMY