ssom2009 material processing in the industrial environment ......material processing in the...
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #1
16-19 March 2009, Hotel Regina Titlis, Engelberg, Swi tzerland
13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009
Industrial Photonics
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #2
Material Processing in the Industrial Environment
13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009
Industrial Photonics
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #3
Material Processing in the Industrial Environment
LASAG Company Presentation
LASAG Core MarketsWeldingCuttingDrilling
Laser Material ProcessingThe SystemStrategies
Laser DrillingLasers, Strategies, Productivity, QualitySingle Pulse DrillingPercussion DrillingHelical Drilling
13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009
Industrial Photonics
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #4
How everything started(1969):Drilling of watch stones (Ruby)
LASAG Company Presentation
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #5
� World largest manufacturer of finished watches as Blancpain, Glashütte, Omega, Rado, Longines
� Manufacturer of high-tech components to� electronics and telecommunications� medical device industry � automotive industry
� More than 40 companies and 50 production centerswith over 440 reporting units and >20’000 employees
LASAG – a company of
LASAG Company Presentation
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #6
LASAG is a leading manufacturer of industrial Nd:YAG lasers for material processing.
Our lasers are primarily used for cutting, welding, drilling, engraving and ablating of metals and other materials.
We are a world-wide operating company with production in Switzerland and offices in USA, Germany, Italy and Japan.
Thun and Alps
LASAG Company Presentation
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #7
Company Profile
� Committed to solutions for our customers
� 30 years of experience in laser-drilling,fine-cutting and microwelding
� strong material processing laboratory fora wide range of applications
� development of complete solutions fromlaser to laser focus on workpiece
� Efficient customer support and training
� ISO 9001:1991 / 2000 certificationHeadquarters Thun, Switzerland
Goalsuccessful global supplier of industrial solid-state laser
solutions for micro - material processing in dedicated markets
Profile
LASAG Company Presentation
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #8
Who we are
Headquarters (80) Thun, established March 04, 1974Product developmentProcess developmentAssemblySales and service
Subsidiaries (20) Arlington Heights, IL,USA since 1984
Tokyo,Japan, since 1996
Pforzheim, Germany, since 1999
Sesto Calende, Italy, since 2007
Mother Company The SWATCH Group Ltd., Biel, Switzerland100 % owned by The SWATCH Group Ltd.
ISO 9001 Certification Since 1990
LASAG Company Presentation
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #9
How everything started(1969):Drilling of watch stones (Ruby)
LASAG Core Markets
LASAG Company Presentation
LASAG Core MarketsWeldingCuttingDrilling
Laser Material ProcessingThe SystemStrategies
Laser DrillingLasers, Strategies, Productivity, QualitySingle Pulse DrillingPercussion DrillingHelical Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #10
Lasers and Systems for Material Processing
CO2 laser systems
Excimer laser systems
CO2 laser sources
Pulsed Nd:YAG laser sources
cw Nd:YAG laser sources
Excimer laser sources
Nd:YAG laser systems
LASAG business: serve the customers directly or via (exlu sive) Integrators
Systems
Sources
Dedicated Micro-Processing Systems
LASAG Core Markets
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #11
Applications and Technologies
Applications
� Fine Cutting� Drilling & Trepanning� Precision Spot & Seam Welding� Marking� Scribing & Ablating� Surface Treatment
LASAG Core Technologies
Solid State Laser sourcesBeam guiding technologiesBeam distribution technologiesBeam forming (temporal , spatial)Processing toolsControl techniquesApplication Laboratory for customer
samples
LASAG Core Markets
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #12
Applications and Markets
Applications
� Fine Cutting� Drilling & Trepanning� Precision Spot & Seam Welding� Marking� Scribing & Ablating� Surface Treatment
LASAG Core Markets
� Medical Device Industry � Electronics � Automotive Industry� Aerospace� (Thermal) Solar Industry� Watch Industry
LASAG Core Markets
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #13
Flexible Laser Sources for Dedicated Applications
LASAG Core Markets
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #14
LASAG Laser for Precision Cutting
Med.: Cutting Stents , Hypotubes , Cannulas
Med.: Endoscopes
Watch: Mechanical Parts
Elec.: Stencils
LASAG Core Markets: Cutting
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #15
LASAG Lasers for Drilling/Perforating
Aero: Cooling Holes Turbines
Food: Coffee Filter
Auto: Fuel Filter
Food: Mincer Component
Textile: Spinnerets
Medical:Needle
LASAG Core Markets: Drilling
Food: Sugar Sieves Auto: Connecting Rod
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #16
Drilling in Automotive (Powertrain) Industry
Throttle Valve(Welding)Cramshaft(drilling)Cylinder Gasket(welding)Fuel Filter(Drilling)Control Valve(cutting)Injection Nozzle(Drilling)Throttle valve(Drilling)Nozzle Screw(drilling)Rocker Arm(drilling)Piston Ring(Structuring)Water Pump(welding)Conrods(scribing)Crankshaft(drilling)
LASAG Core Markets: Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #17
Spotwelding of Flat Solar Absorbers: thermal solar systems (combinationwith oil)
LASAG Core Markets: Welding
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #18
LASAG Laser in Electronic Industry
Plugs
Flat Cables
Lead Frames
LASAG Core Markets: Welding
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #19
Laser Processing of Watch Components
LASAG Core Markets: Welding
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #20
How everything started(1969):Drilling of watch stones (Ruby)
Laser Material Processing
LASAG Company Presentation
LASAG Core MarketsWeldingCuttingDrilling
Laser Material ProcessingThe SystemStrategies
Laser DrillingLasers, Strategies, Productivity, QualitySingle Pulse DrillingPercussion DrillingHelical Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #21
Workpiece
Holder/Protection(Workpiece)
Laser-pulsed/cw
-beam product/brilliance-temporal/spatial
-etc
Process support-Gases-Powder-Wires
Optics-Geometry/Profile/
Intensity-Distribution-Positioning
-Temporal Form
Positioning/movement
(Roboter/CNC)-Material Carrier
Protect.-Operator-Machine-Optics
Control-Position-Process
Laser Material Processing: The System
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #22
workpiece
Optics-Geometry/Profile/
Intensity-distribution-Positioning
-temporal form
holder/Sprotection (workpiece)
Optics
Laser Material Processing: The System
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #23
Optics: Integration of Laser Tool into 3-D Manufact uring
workpiece
deflector
mirror mirror
Opticalfiber
Proc. head
Laser Material Processing: The System
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #24
Optics: Flexible Delivery of Free Beam or Fiber Bea m
Cavity
Resonator
Pilotlaser
Fiber OpticProcessing Head
Workpiece
FiberMultiplexer
Fiber
Laser Material Processing: The System
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #25
System Strategies to Increase Productivity
Laser Material Processing: The System
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #26
workpieceControl-Position-Process
holder/protection (workpiece)
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ILT04_#041
Closed-loop Feedback Control for Cu spot welds
EPFL Lausanne, Advanced Photonics Laboratory, 2003
Process Control
Process Control
Laser Material Processing: The System
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #27
Laser Welding
Spot Weld Contour Weld
Nd:YAG (p)Nd:YAG(p) Nd:YAG(cw)
One SpotLine of spots One Pulse Series of pulses
High-Speed*SHADOW*
ScannerCNC
Rotat. axis
Beam ShapeOptics
(Axicon, Cylind.OpticsFiberoptics)
Seam Weld
time
power
milliseconds
Laser Material Processing: Strategies
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #28
Drilling Strategies with Pulsed Lasers
single shot percussion trepaning Helical drilling
precisionablation/pulse
© IFSW© IFSW
Laser Material Processing: Strategies
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #29
How everything started(1969):Drilling of watch stones (Ruby)
Laser Drilling
LASAG Company Presentation
LASAG Core MarketsWeldingCuttingDrilling
Laser Material ProcessingThe SystemStrategies
Laser DrillingLasers, Strategies, Productivity, QualitySingle Pulse DrillingPercussion DrillingHelical Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #30
Laser drilling in industrial use: strategies and applications
Laser is a well established Tool forDrilling holes with diametersBetween 0.01 and 1.2 mm and
Aspect up to 30:1(Laboratory: up to 200:1)
Quality, geometry and productivitydefine the
Drilling strategy and laser type:“low quality“: thermal drilling
„high quality“: shortpulse helicaldrilling
Laser Drilling: Lasers ,
Strategies, Productivity,
Quality
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #31
„Process chart“ laser drilling
10-11 10-10 10-9 10-8 10-7 10-6 10-5 10-4 10-3 10-2
W/cm 2
109
108
107
106
105
Interaction time or pulse duration (s)
Thermal (melt) Drilling
AblativeDrilling
1J/cm 2
106 J/cm 2
Ionisation Vaporization Melting
Short pulse - Laser therm. Laser pulses (N d:YAG) cw-Nd:YAG,CO 2
Laser Drilling: Lasers , Strategies, Productivity, Quality
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #32
Microdrilling : Industrial Laser Types
0 1 10 100lateral dimension (µm)
depth/pulse (µm)
100
10
1
0.1
0.01
ms−µs-PNd:YAG
DiskFiber
ns-fs-PSolidS.Fiber
CVL2/3/4f
SolidS.Excimer
Hint:smaller lateral structuresare possible by using opticalphenomena and processthreshold
Laser Drilling: Lasers , Strategies, Productivity, Quality
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #33
Drilling Strategies with Pulsed Laserssingle shot percussion trepaning Helical drilling
precisionablation/pulse
© IFSW© IFSW
Laser Drilling: Lasers, Strategies , Productivity, Quality
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #34
Typical Drilling performance of pulsed Nd:YAG Laser s
Strategy: Single Pulse Percussion Trepan Helical Depth(mm) mm few cm cm mmAspect(D/T) < 15:1 >50:1 <20:1 <30:1Diameter(D) 0.02/1 0.015 /1.5 0.08 /open 0.05-0.4 (mm)
Tolerances(%) 10-15 10 5-10 <2Holes/s <1000 <5 <0.1 <<0.1
© IFSW© IFSW
Laser Drilling: Lasers, Strategies , Productivity, Quality
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #35
LASAG Lasers for Drilling/Perforating
Aero: Cooling Holes TurbinesPercussion
Auto: Connecting RodSingle Pulse
Auto: Fuel FilterSingle Pulse
Food: Mincer Component
Textile: SpinneretsPercussion
Medical:Needle
Single Pulse
Laser Drilling: Lasers, Strategies, Productivity, Q uality
Food: Sugar SievesSingle Pulse
Food: Coffee FilterSingle Pulse
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #36
Drilling with pulsed Lasers
Geometry Quality
Shape-axial -lateral
Tolerances-roundness-conicity -roughness
„Side effects“-Metallurgy/HAZ
-Recast
Influence
Laser parameterMaterial Quality
GasStrategy, Handling
Laser parameterOptics / Nozzle
Material
Laser ParametersMaterial Properties
DesignGas
Laser Drilling: Lasers, Strategies, Productivity, Q uality
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #37
Number of holes per workpiece
Aspect (depth/diameter)
100
10
1
Quality /geometric tolerance (%)1
5
10
<100 >100 >1000
Cooling holesLubrication holes
Venting holes
nozzles
nozzles
Cooling holesLubrication holes
Ventingholes
Surg.needle
Surg.needle
<100 >100 >1000
Filter/Sieves
FilterSieves
Selected Drilling Markets : Requirements for qualit y/productivity
Laser Drilling: Lasers, Strategies, Productivity, Q uality
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #38
Productivity (No. of holes per second )
Aspect (Depth/Diameter)
Selected Drilling Markets : Requirements for qualit y/productivity
100
10
1
Quality(geometric Tolerances(%))1
5
10
0.1 10 1000 0.1 10 1000
FilterSieves
Separatores
Cool.holesLubication
holes
Nozzlesthrottles
Filter/Sieves/Separat
Nozzles
Throttles
Cool.holesLubrication-
holesventingholes
Surg.needle
Surg.needle
Scribing
Scribing
Guid.holes
Flow
Flow
Guidholes
Vias
Vias
IncJet
IncJet
Laser Drilling: Lasers, Strategies, Productivity, Q uality
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #39
Strategies with pulsed Lasers: Improvement of Produ ctivity
Strategy: Single Pulse Percussion Trepaning Helical Drilling
© IFSW© IFSW
Machining Strategy: „on the fly“ „stop and go“
Laser Drilling: Lasers, Strategies, Productivity, Q uality
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #40
Strategies with Pulsed Lasers: Improvement of Produ ctivity
Strategy: Single Pulse Percussion
Machining Strategy: „on the fly“
time
Comparison production time betweenStationary-“on the fly“ percussion drillingFor holes with small aspect (few pulsesPer hole)
Laser Drilling: Lasers, Strategies, Productivity, Q uality
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #41
Percussion Drilling: Comparison of Machine Strategi es
„stop and go“ „on the fly“
8 Pulses
7 Pulses
6 Pulses
5 Pulses
Thermal relaxation time : several ms
10Hz / 6.3J / 7.8kW 10Hz(laser)0.2Hz(drill) / 6.3J / 7.8kW
Laser Drilling: Lasers, Strategies, Productivity, Q uality
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #42
Laser- Drilling: Typical Side Effects
Gas
Material
Plasma
LaserBeam
Laser Drilling: Lasers, Strategies, Productivity, Q uality
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #43
Basic Researchwith Fraunhofer :
Reduction of thermal Side effectsduringThermal drilling
(see ICALEO 06)
Laser Drilling: Lasers, Strategies, Productivity, Q uality
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #44
Trepan-Drilling versus Percussion Drilling
Laser Drilling: Lasers, Strategies, Productivity, Q uality
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #45
Influence of Pulse Length in the ns - fs Evaporisati on Regime
Ablation rateµµµµm3/mJ
Micro-machining with ultrashort laser pulses: From basic understanding to technical applicationsFriedrich Dausinger, Helmut Hügel, Vitali Konov, SPIE Proceedings ALT'02
250
750
Laser Drilling: Lasers, Strategies, Productivity, Q uality
(Brikas,Nolamp 07)
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #46
Influence of pulse length in the ns - fs regime
HAZ/Pulse(heat conductivity)
Example steel:HAZ(cm)=( 6t p)1/2
HAZ/hole(heat accumulation)
Gedvilas NOLAMP 07
same wavelength and average power
Laser Drilling: Lasers, Strategies, Productivity, Q uality
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #47
Strategy: Single Pulse Percussion Trepan Helical D.Depth(mm) mm few cm cm mm
Aspect(D/T) < 15:1 >50:1 <20:1 <30:1
Diameter(D) 0.02/1 0.015 /1.5 0.08 /open 0.05-0.4 (mm)
Tolerances(%) 10-15 10 5-10 <2
Holes/s <1000 <5 <0.1 <<0.1
© IFSW© IFSW
Typical Drilling performance of pulsed Nd:YAG Laser s
Laser Drilling: Single Pulse Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #48
1000
100
10
11 10 100 1000 10000
Holes per Second
Hole Diameter(µm)
Aspect <10
Steel
Laser Drilling: Single Pulse Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #49
Single Pulse Drilling: Examples for Through Holes
Flat Filter(coffee machine)FLS0.25-0.4mm
Stainless Steel0.3mm
30 holes/s
Round Filters(fuel filter)KLS0.06mm
Stainless Steel0.5mm
700 Holes/s
Lubrication Holes(engine cylinder ring)FLS0.4-0.8mm
Stainless Steel0.7mm
30 Holes/s
Laser Drilling: Single Pulse Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #50
Single pulse drilling: blind holes/scribing
Conrod/Bearings
KLS0.05-0.1mm
At. St. C600.5-1mm
>100 holes/s
Surgical needle
NA0.05-0.6mm
Biocompatible St. St.0.5-1mm
6 holes/s
Scribing ceramics/substrates
FLS0.1-0.3mm
AlN1-2 mm
>300 holes/s
Laser Drilling: Single Pulse Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #51
Single shot drilling: surgical needles
Material: Stainless Steel
Function: Crimping thread
Requirements:Entrance: 0.05-0.7 mmshape: circularAspect: 4:1 –8:1Tolerance: 95% within 5%
Productivity: > 6 needles/s
Laser Drilling: Single Pulse Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #52
Typical Drilling performance of pulsed Nd:YAG Laser s
Strategy: Single P. Percussion Trepan Helical D.Depth(mm): mm few cm cm mm
Aspect:(D/T) < 15:1 >50:1 <20:1 <30:1
Diameter(D) 0.02/1 0.015 /1.5 0.08 /open 0.05-0.4 (mm)
Tolerances(%): 10-15 10 5-10 <2
Holes/s <1000 <5 <0.1 <<0.1
© IFSW© IFSW
Laser Drilling: Percussion Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #53
1000
100
10
1
0.01 0.1 1 10Holes per Second
Hole Diameter(µm)
Aspect <30Aspect <3
Cr/Ni-steel
< 200 holes
10 000 - 40 000 holes
1 hole
Laser Drilling: Percussion Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #54
Percussion : Efficiency and Thermal Load
Depth (mm)10 20 30 40 50
500
400
300
200
100
Time(s)TotalEnergy (kJ)
Theory: 16J/mm3
Experiment: 7Hz/72J/1ms
100
10
1
Laser Drilling: Percussion Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #55
Percussion Drilling: Side Effects
12
Depending on Alloy , Manufacturingprocess (e.g. single crystal, strengthening)
-Local Recast
-Oxidation
-Risk of cracks / fissures into base material (e.g Ni alloys) or long parallel cracks/Delamination
-HAZ < 0.05mm
Nonregular Shape/ bottle shape
Trumpet entranceDross/Burr without backing
Laser Drilling: Percussion Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #56
Optimizing„Sideeffects“
Geometry Influence byEntrance Energy , Pulse duration
Focus positionRamping
Exit short PulsesFocus Positionlow Gas PressureBacking
Quality Influence byRoundness Pulse Modulation
Fiber, eliminating Polarisation Effects
Conicity Focus PositionPulse Modulation
Burr BackingRecast Pulse Modulation , short PulsesHAZ short Pulses: HAZ~(Duration x T-Diffusion)1/2
Steel~ (Duration x 6 cm2/s)1/2
Laser Drilling: Percussion Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #57
Percussion Drilling: St.St(1.4301)
Pulse : 2.8ms/ 8.5kW/ 20 pulses/ 0.4mm fiber Thickness of Stainless steel: 6mm
Laser Drilling: Percussion Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #58
Typical Drilling performance of pulsed Nd:YAG Laser s
Strategy: Single P. Percussion Trepan HelicalDepth(mm): mm few cm cm mmAspect:(D/T) < 15:1 >50:1 <20:1 <30:1Diameter(D) 0.02/1 0.015 /1.5 0.08 /open 0.05-0.4(mm)
Tolerances(%): 10-15 10 5-10 <2Holes/s <1000 <5 <0.1 <<0.1
© IFSW© IFSW
Laser Drilling: Helical Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #59
Drilling Strategies with Pulsed Lasers
Strategy: Single Pulse Percussion Trepanning Helical Drilling
© IFSW© IFSW
Drilling by Melting Drilling by Ablating
Process Energy Fe: 7J/mm 3 55J/mm 3
Laser Drilling: Helical Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #60
„Process Chart“ FM Short Pulse Metal Processing
10-12 10-11 10-10 10-9 10-8 10-7 10-6 10-5 10-4 10-3
W/cm 2
1013
1012
1011
1010
109
(local) interaction time or pulse length (s)
103 J/cm 2
Ionisation evapor isation
Short Pulse ns Laser Pulse (Nd:YAG/FL) cw -Nd:YAG,CO 2
0.1J/cm2ns
ps-fs
Laser Drilling: Helical Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #61
Helical Microdrilling System
50-400µm
ILT
Laser Drilling: Helical Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #62
Helical drilling with microsecond pulses
Laser Drilling: Helical Drilling
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13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #63
50 µµµµm
971 µµµµm
Exit
Quality of nsAblating-drilled holes(St.St.,depth 1mm)
Laser Drilling:Helical Drilling
A COMPANY OF THE
I N D U S T R I A L - L A S E R S
13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #64
Entrance
LaserDrilling:HelicalDrilling
Quality ofns Ablating
-drilledholes(St.St.,
depth 1mm)
A COMPANY OF THE
I N D U S T R I A L - L A S E R S
13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #65
How everything started(1969):Drilling of watch stones (Ruby)
LASAG Company Presentation
LASAG Core MarketsWeldingCuttingDrilling
Laser Material ProcessingThe SystemStrategies
Laser DrillingLasers, Strategies, Productivity, QualitySingle Pulse DrillingPercussion DrillingHelical Drilling
Material Processing in the Industrial Environment
A COMPANY OF THE
I N D U S T R I A L - L A S E R S
13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #66
Material Processing in the Industrial Environment
LASAG Company Presentation:Company of Swatch Group, Nd:YAG Laser for Cutting, Drilling, Welding
LASAG Core MarketsWelding: Solar , Electronic, Medical, WatchCutting: Medical, Electronic, WatchDrilling: Power, Medical, Auto, Food
Laser Material ProcessingThe System: Laser, Beam Guiding, Optics, Process Su pport, Protection, Process ControlStrategies: One Pulse, Several Pulses, „on the fly“, Time – and Energy Sharing
Laser DrillingLasers, Strategies, Productivity, Quality:
Solid State (Fiber) Laser, Single/Perc./Helicl,Productivity Aspects, Influence Geometry and Qualit y, Side Effects
Single Pulse: High Productivity, Large Tolerances, H igh Pulse Energy, Through/Blind HolePercussion: High Aspect, Medium Precision, Various H ole Shapes, Reducing Side EffectsHelical: Efficiency, Optics, Quality with Different Pulse Durations, Highest Quality
Summary
A COMPANY OF THE
I N D U S T R I A L - L A S E R S
13th SSOM Engelberg Lectures on Optics 2009 #67
Lake of Thun
I thank You for your attentionand Dr. Ulrich Dürr for a lot of interesting inputs
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