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SQL Server Interview Questions

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The Asia, India,TamilNadu Book

Of Record Holders

SQL SERVER –Booklet

12 - Gives you the interview tip SQL Server



KaaShiv InfoTech

Welcomes you to the Expert Voice Corner

Mr.J.Venkatesan Prabu

Venkatesan Prabu Jayakantham (venkat) has more than 8 years

experience in the Microsoft Technologies such as VB.Net, ASP.Net, C#.net,

SSIS, SSAS, ADO.Net, etc., He is the Managing Director of KAASHIVINFOTECH

(http://www.kaashivinfotech.com/),a software company in Chennai. Before

that, he worked in HCL Technologies (India and Australia) for six years as

Project Lead. As a service motive, Venkat contributed more than 700 articles

which is read by the developers in 170 countries (400 developers per day)

(http://venkattechnicalblog.blogspot.com/). Aligned with KaaShiv InfoTech’s

mission,he met more than 20,000 young minds and spreaded Microsoft

Technologies / Career guidance programs. Venkat won many awards in his

career, which includes Prestigious Microsoft MVP (Most Valuable Professional)

award for the years 2008,2009,2010,2011,2012,2013 and won many awards.

List of other awards in his career,

Microsoft certified Smart .Net Candidate in 2004

Most valuable member for dotnetspider site in 2007



HCL SQL Subject Matter expert (SME - SQL Server) for the year

(2008,2009)

HCL Special contribution award winner on Dotnet skills for year(2008)

HCL SQL Knowledge Champion for the year 2009

MindCracker MVP on SQLServer –2010 for the year 2010,2011

INETA champion - Gold Member – 2010 for the year 2010 HCL Service

Contribution Award for the year 2010

Leading Lights "Rising Star" award from Common Wealth Bank,

Australia for the year 2010

TECHNICAL CERTIFICATION

Cisco certified Network Associate (CCNA) – 2004

Microsoft Certified Application Developer (MCAD) – 2005

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank my family members for their support and

encouragement. Without their support it would be impossible for me to

publish this e-book. I would also like to thank my KaaShiv InfoTech team for

their support to publish this e-book.

DISCLAIMER

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be copied, adapted,

abridged or stored in any retrieval system, computer system, photographic or

other system or transmitted in any form or by any means

without the prior written permission of the copyright holders.

Any breach will entail legal action and permission without

further notice.



1.What is Cross Join?

A cross join that does not have a WHERE clause produces the Cartesian product of

the tables involved in the join. The size of a Cartesian product result set is the number of

rows in the first table multiplied by the number of rows in the second table. The common

example is when company wants to combine each product with a pricing table to analyze

each product at each price.

.

2.How do SQL server 2000 and XML linked? Can XML be used to access data?

FOR XML (ROW, AUTO, EXPLICIT)

You can execute SQL queries against existing relational databases to return results as

XML rather than standard rowsets. These queries can be executed directly or from within

stored procedures. To retrieve XML results, use the FOR XML clause of the SELECT

statement and specify an XML mode of RAW, AUTO, or EXPLICIT.

OPENXML

OPENXML is a Transact-SQL keyword that provides a relational/rowset view over

an in-memory XML document. OPENXML is a rowset provider similar to a table or a view.

OPENXML provides a way to access XML data within the Transact-SQL context by

transferring data from an XML document into the relational tables. Thus, OPENXML allows

you to manage an XML document and its interaction with the relational environment.

3.What command do we use to rename a db?

sp_renamedb ‘oldname’ , ‘newname’

If someone is using db it will not accept sp_renmaedb. In that case first bring db to

single user using sp_dboptions. Use sp_renamedb to rename database. Use sp_dboptions to

bring database to multi user mode.

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4.What are the different types of replication? Explain.

The SQL Server 2000-supported replication types are as follows:

Transactional

Snapshot

Merge

Snapshot replication distributes data exactly as it appears at a specific moment in time and

does not monitor for updates to the data. Snapshot replication is best used as a method for

replicating data those changes infrequently or where the most up-to-date values (low latency)

are not a requirement. When synchronization occurs, the entire snapshot is generated and sent

to Subscribers.

Transactional replication, an initial snapshot of data is applied at Subscribers, and then when

data modifications are made at the Publisher, the individual transactions are captured and

propagated to Subscribers.

Merge replication is the process of distributing data from Publisher to Subscribers, allowing

the Publisher and Subscribers to make updates while connected or disconnected, and then

merging the updates between sites when they are connected.

5.What are the OS services that the SQL Server installation adds?

MS SQL SERVER SERVICE, SQL AGENT SERVICE, DTC (Distribution transac co-

ordinator)

6.What are three SQL keywords used to change or set someone’s permissions?

GRANT, DENY, and REVOKE.



7.What does it mean to have quoted identifier on? What are the implications of having

it off?

When SET QUOTED_IDENTIFIER is ON, identifiers can be delimited by double

quotation marks, and literals must be delimited by single quotation marks. When SET

QUOTED_IDENTIFIER is OFF, identifiers cannot be quoted and must follow all Transact-

SQL rules for identifiers.

8.What is the STUFF function and how does it differ from the REPLACE function?

STUFF function to overwrite existing characters. Using this syntax,

STUFF(string_expression, start, length, replacement_characters), string_expression is the

string that will have characters substituted, start is the starting position, length is the number

of characters in the string that are substituted, and replacement_characters are the new

characters interjected into the string.

REPLACE function to replace existing characters of all occurance. Using this syntax

REPLACE(string_expression, search_string, replacement_string), where every incidence of

search_string found in the string_expression will be replaced with replacement_string.

9.How many rows are returned by these two select statements?

2 and 2

Each select statement actually returns 2 rows. You can use this script to check this:

create table mytable

( id int identity(1,1)

, mychar varchar(20)

)



go

insert mytable select null

insert mytable select ''

insert mytable select ' '

go

set ansi_nulls on

set ansi_null_dflt_on on

select * from mytable

where mychar is not null


where mychar <> '' and mychar is not null


where mychar <> ' ' and mychar is not null

select * from mytable where mychar = ''

select * from mytable where mychar = ' '

set ansi_null_dflt_on off

set ansi_nulls off

go

drop table mytable

10.If you run this, what does it return?

select applock_mode('public', 'SalesApp', 'Transaction')

The type of lock being held by an application that requested it.

This command returns the lock mode held by an application that was requested with the

sp_getapplock procedure.

insert mytable select ''

insert mytable select ' '

select * from mytable where mychar = ''

select * from mytable where mychar = ' '



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