Technical White Paper: Capabilities for the New Mission Critical

Published: January 2012

Applies to: SQL Server 2012

Summary:

With the continued explosion in the volume and complexity of data today, organizations require a new

mission critical, in which enterprise-class capabilities and tools are built-in and fully integrated as a part of

the database solution. In this white paper, we will discuss the new mission critical, and we will examine

the built-in capabilities that Microsoft SQL Server 2012 delivers, including enterprise-grade security,

availability, and performance, along with support for a full range of complex data types. We will also

compare the TCO impact of solutions offering mission critical functionality that is built into the core

database, and those that deliver separate “add-on” features with additional costs.

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Copyright The information contained in this document represents the current view of Microsoft Corporation on the

issues discussed as of the date of publication. Because Microsoft must respond to changing market

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© 2011-2012 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.

Microsoft, SQL Server, Windows Server, SharePoint, Excel are trademarks of the Microsoft group of

companies.

All other trademarks are property of their respective owners.

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Table of Contents The New Mission Critical ............................................................................................................................... 4

Customer Requirements ............................................................................................................................... 4

SQL Server 2012 .......................................................................................................................................... 5

Data Availability ......................................................................................................................................... 5

Mission Critical Availability with Fast Time to Solution: SQL Server AlwaysOn ................................... 5

Reduced OS Surface Area: Windows Server Core Support ................................................................. 6

Predictable & Efficient Data Backups: Database Backup Flexibility ..................................................... 6

Performance & Scale ................................................................................................................................ 6

In-memory Performance: ColumnStore Index ...................................................................................... 6

Performance Enablement for Private Cloud: Resource Governor Enhancements ............................... 7

Tier 1 Partitioning: Scale to 15,000 Partitions ....................................................................................... 7

Scalable Real-world Application Testing: Distributed Replay ............................................................... 7

Reduce Database Size, Increase Performance: Data and Backup Compression ................................ 7

Proactive Troubleshooting and Diagnostics: Performance Data Collector and Management Studio .. 8

Organizational Security & Compliance ..................................................................................................... 8

Secure by Default: SQL Server Reports the Lowest Vulnerabilities ..................................................... 8

Built-in Tools for Compliance Enablement: SQL Server 2012 Audit Enhancements ........................... 8

Control Data Access across Data in Movement: Advanced Security ................................................... 8

Control Data Access across Administrators: User-Defined Server Roles ............................................ 9

Control Data Access across BI Tools: Microsoft SharePoint and Microsoft Active Directory ............... 9

Virtually Any Data, Built-in ......................................................................................................................... 9

Embrace the Unstructured Data Explosion: Support for Complex Data Types .................................... 9

Enable High Availability for Unstructured Data: Support with AlwaysOn.............................................. 9

Seamlessly Connect to and Unlock Big Data: Hadoop Connectors ..................................................... 9

Seamlessly Connect to Varied Platforms: Greater Interoperability ..................................................... 10

Comparing Costs of Mission Critical ........................................................................................................... 10

Expecting the Fundamentals............................................................................................................... 10

Understanding Options ....................................................................................................................... 11

Conclusion................................................................................................................................................... 12

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The New Mission Critical With the data explosion happening today at every level, impacting every imaginable device, application,

and individual, we are experiencing a major evolution toward a digital and virtual world. It is no longer the

case that organizations serve customers nine a.m. to five p.m. in a single geography. Today,

organizations are “open” to customers 24x7 through a range of operational measures; from a Web

presence at the very minimum, to tracking complex operations globally for the highest efficiencies and

customer satisfaction. The concept of a maintenance window is no longer an opportunity for IT; it is now a

problem. Consumers, whether at work or at home, simply expect continuous service and access to

information and experiences on their terms. Mission critical is no longer reserved for the few who can

afford to pay astronomical costs to purchase and maintain Tier 1 systems.

Additionally, the data explosion goes far beyond traditional data types. According to Gartner, the total

worldwide volume of data is growing at 59% per year. Furthermore, Gartner estimates that 70-85% of

data is unstructured¹. The dramatic shift from structured to unstructured and complex data types will

require organizations to embrace back-end solutions that support complex data types and non-traditional

data sources—like Big Data with the same level of mission critical enablement.

Today’s IT organization is faced with balancing the impact of the data explosion and the need for global

operations with conservative budgets and ever-tightening compliance policies. And they have to do this

with an uptime and level of compliance that is simply expected. These converging trends increase the

need for mission critical operations at a lower barrier to entry, balanced with faster time to solution.

Customer Requirements

The new digital age demands a level of mission critical that is no longer reserved for the few who can

afford to pay astronomical costs to purchase and maintain Tier 1 systems. Customers require mission

critical enablement across:

Data availability: Global-ready high availability solutions that enable failover in seconds, deliver

reliable backups, and that are easy to configure, maintain, and monitor—accruing to a low TCO.

Performance & scale: Leading and predictable performance across server activity, including

complex queries, data integration and analysis, backed by scalable systems to support the data

explosion.

Security: Minimal total surface area with inherently secure database software for reduced risk;

combined with built-in, easy-to-use tools and controlled data access that helps meet strict

compliance policies.

Any data, built-in: Support for exploding volumes of complex data types and non-traditional data

sources as first-class citizens; with simple support for varied platforms and heterogeneous

environments.

¹ Source: Gartner Symposium Presentation ‘Information Management Goes 'Extreme': The Biggest Challenges for 21st-Century CIOs, Mark Beyer, October 2011

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SQL Server 2012

SQL Server 2012 is setting the new standard for mission critical platforms—helping get customers the

uptime and performance they need at a low TCO, backed by built-in enterprise security and support for

virtually any data.

Data Availability Mission Critical Availability with Fast Time to Solution: SQL Server AlwaysOn

SQL Server continues to deliver on its manageability promise through an incredible user experience with

the new high availability solution, AlwaysOn. Customers have already been achieving six 9s and a great

level of availability on the SQL Server 2008 platform. With AlwaysOn, the previous HA tools, including

database mirroring, clustering, and log shipping, are now rolled into one solution that works better

together and reduces customer-required set up and tuning. New wizards help make it a breeze to set up

new Availability Groups, while dashboards ensure insight into the health of the HA solution.

The new integrated high availability and disaster recovery solution provides redundancy within a

datacenter and across datacenters to help enable fast application failover during planned and unplanned

downtime. AlwaysOn delivers a suite of new capabilities rolled into a single solution:

SQL Server AlwaysOn Availability Groups is a high-availability

and disaster-recovery solution that provides an enterprise-

level alternative to database mirroring. Availability Groups

(AG) provides an integrated set of options including automatic

and manual failover of a group of databases, support for up to

four secondaries, fast application failover, and automatic page

repair. Each availability group is a container for a discrete set

of user databases known as availability databases that fail

over together. An availability group can have multiple possible

failover targets (secondary replicas). Moreover, customers

can easily configure secondary replicas to support read-only

access to secondary databases and for performing backups

on secondary databases. The addition of availability groups

removes the requirement of shared disk storage (SAN or

NAS) for deployment of a Failover Cluster Instance.

SQL Server AlwaysOn Failover Cluster Instances enhance

SQL Server Failover Clustering and support multi-site

clustering across subnets, which helps enable cross-

datacenter failover of SQL Server instances. Fast and

predictable instance failover is another key benefit that helps

ensure fast application recovery.

SQL Server AlwaysOn Multiple, Active Secondaries enable up to four secondary instances to be utilized

for running report queries and backup operations, which helps eliminate idle hardware and improve

resource utilization. It also helps to dramatically improve performance for both primary and secondary

workloads since they are no longer competing for resources.

SQL Server AlwaysOn Availability Groups Listener enables faster client connection failover for AlwaysOn

in multi-subnet scenarios. Now client applications can failover across multiple subnets (up to 64) almost

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as fast as they can failover within a single subnet. Meanwhile, read-only intent enables customers to

control the type of workloads that run on their HA servers and efficiently manage their resources.

Reduced OS Surface Area: Windows Server Core Support

SQL Server 2012 is now supported on Windows Server Core—the Windows Server edition with the

smallest footprint. By running SQL Server on Windows Server Core the OS patching can be reduced

significantly, which greatly reduces planned downtime. The percentage reduction in patching and OS

reboots can be as much as 50-60% in certain environments, depending on the server roles that are

enabled and the type of patches that are applied.

Predictable & Efficient Data Backups: Database Backup Flexibility

Recovery Advisor introduces significant user experience enhancements to the ways DBAs can restore

databases using SQL Server Management Studio. SQL Server provides a variety of backup types, so

creating the right recovery sequence for any point in time can get tricky. To help streamline this process

SQL Server 2012 introduces a new Recovery Advisor that helps customers create a more predictable and

optimal restore sequence.

Capabilities include a visual timeline that presents the backup history of the database and the available

points in time to which the user can restore the database; algorithms that help streamline identifying the

right sets of backup media to get the database back to a specific point in time; and a page restore dialog

in SSMS to do page-level restores of the database.

Snapshot Backups to Windows Azure Platform is delivered with Management Studio in SQL Server 2012,

which allows customers to easily move a copy of their SQL Server databases to Windows Azure Storage

or directly to a SQL Azure Database. This provides customers with an inherently efficient cloud-based

storage solution for their on premises SQL Server databases. Additionally, customers can view SQL

Azure databases directly from within Management Studio.

Performance & Scale xVelocity In-memory technologies for DW

Experience next-generation performance across SQL Server

with xVelocity in-memory technologies for both Data

Warehousing and Business Intelligence.

xVelocity introduces in-memory column store technology to

the database engine, making SQL Server the first of the

major general-purpose database systems to have a true

column store. xVelocity combines the in-memory column

store index with in-memory compression algorithms and a

new, vector-oriented SQL query execution paradigm to

provide truly astonishing speed ups for common data

warehouse queries. In test scenarios customers have

experienced up to 100x improvements in star join and similar

queries.

The new in-memory column store index is built on top of an

existing row-level table and provides a view of the data that

puts the index on specific columns. It translates the data

based on only those required columns and then stores this

view, which creates dramatic performance gains. The level

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of performance gains is dependent on the data and the nature of the query. In the best test cases, some

customers have seen 100x performance gains.

Performance Enablement for Private Cloud: Resource Governor Enhancements

Resource Governor enables customers to further ensure consistent performance for concurrent and

mixed workloads across different SQL Server applications and within private clouds. Customers can

define which workloads can take what percent of performance on any given CPU resource.

Resource Governor in SQL Server 2012 brings more performance assurance and scale by increasing the

maximum number of resource pools to 64 (from 20), adding a new maximum capacity setting on CPU

utilization, and allowing affinity of resource pools to CPU schedulers and NUMA nodes. These

enhancements become increasingly valuable in private cloud or consolidation scenarios.

Tier 1 Partitioning: Scale to 15,000 Partitions

SQL Server 2012 expands partition support from 1k to 15k. This increased support enables large sliding

windows scenarios. This means applications like SAP that take tens of thousands of snapshots of data in

daily or hourly partitions, can significantly extend the length of time data is held before it’s pushed out to

allow for new data to enter—generally making it easier to manage these large amounts of data. This also

helps streamline maintenance of large sets within filegroups that need data switched in and out per the

needs of the data warehouse.

Scalable Real-world Application Testing: Distributed Replay

Customers need a way to apply real-world application loads to

their applications within their test environments. Previously,

customers could use SQL Server Profiler, which only allowed

simulating a workload from a single computer. This made it

difficult for customers to test large-scale workload simulation in

the test environment.

Distributed Replay helps customers to simplify application testing

and minimize errors with application changes, configuration

changes, and upgrades. This multi-threaded replay utility enables

the simulation of production workload scenarios testing after

upgrade or configuration changes—ultimately leading to protected

performance during changes. Additionally, integration with SQL

Server Upgrade Assistant can help customers assess the impact

of future SQL Server upgrades.

Reduce Database Size, Increase Performance: Data and Backup Compression

Many organizations want to increase speed and reliability by putting more data onto specialized disk

arrays or a SAN, but they are often prohibited by the cost of these high-end disk resources. Backup and

Data compression in SQL Server 2012 can free up space by dramatically reducing the size of databases.

Reduced data size can also increase performance. With additional space, more data can be stored on the

SAN. And because storing data on the SAN is more reliable, it also increases availability.

According to Microsoft TechNet documentation, customers can expect to experience database

compression rates of 20 to 60 percent. Additionally, SQL Server 2012 enables data compression for

customers who use Unicode UCS-2. This enables customers with global language sets in their data

storage to take advantage of data compression and experience the benefits of compression.

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Proactive Troubleshooting and Diagnostics: Performance Data Collector and Management Studio

Customers want to proactively manage the health of their systems and quality of queries across their

environments to ensure the best possible performance. SQL Server 2012 delivers a suite of diagnostics

and tuning tools built-in and at no extra cost. Performance Data Collector allows administrators to view

SQL Server diagnostics information from performance counters, dynamic management views, SQL

Trace, and other sources for baseline and historical comparisons. They can view performance data with

built-in reports, such as server activity, disk usage, and query activity reports. Additionally, SQL Server

Profiler can capture server events for real-time diagnosis, and it can correlate traces with performance

counters to analyze events and diagnose issues. Dynamic Management Views (DMV) and functions that

relay server state information enable IT to monitor the health of server instances, diagnose problems, and

tune performance. The Database Engine Tuning Advisor (DTA) helps IT select and create an optimal set

of indexes, indexed views, and partitions without requiring an expert understanding of the structure of the

database or the internal workings of SQL Server. Simply select the databases to tune, and DTA

generates indexing and partitioning recommendations.

Organizational Security & Compliance Secure by Default: SQL Server Reports the Lowest Vulnerabilities

Microsoft and SQL Server take security seriously. The Trustworthy Computing Initiative was implemented

over 10 years ago across Microsoft. The Initiative requires SQL Server engineers to take continuous

security training and carry that responsibility across their job duties, regardless of which group they

reside. This organization-wide discipline around security was developed to create software that is secure

by design—and by default to reduce the overall risks related to security. To that end, SQL Server has

reported the lowest number of security vulnerabilities across the major database vendors to NIST, public

security board, and has been deemed by ITIC² as “the most secure database.”

Built-in Tools for Compliance Enablement: SQL Server 2012 Audit Enhancements

SQL Server 2012 delivers built-in database auditing to help ensure that auditing is always available and

that all database activities, including database reads, can be audited with minimal impact to performance.

Enhancements to SQL Server auditing capabilities bring added flexibility and usability for auditing across

the SQL Server environment, with built-in tools that help to make it even easier for organizations to meet

tightening compliance policies.

SQL Audit for all editions enables organizations to extend the benefits of SQL Server Audit from Enterprise edition to all SQL Server editions. This allows for more thorough auditing practices across SQL Server databases, enabling audit standardization, better performance and richer features.

User-Defined Audit allows the application to write custom events into the audit log, which enables more flexibility to store audit information.

Audit Filtering provides greater flexibility to filter unwanted events into an audit log.

Audit Resilience delivers the ability to recover auditing data from temporary file and network issues to help ensure audit logs are not lost during failover.

Control Data Access across Data in Movement: Advanced Security

SQL Server 2012 allows organizations to encrypt data when it is stored on a disk and decrypt it when it is

read into memory. Therefore, applications do not have to change for organizations to secure their data.

Because encryption is built into the database engine, it is transparent to applications and users—and it is

included in SQL Server Enterprise edition. Encryption also protects database backups by automatically

encrypting the backups.

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Additionally, extensible key management works with transparent data encryption to store encryption keys

outside of the database. With extensible key management, organizations can use a hardware device or a

third-party encryption tool to create encryption keys. Storing the keys separately from the encrypted data

makes it even harder for unauthorized users to gain access to encrypted data.

Control Data Access across Administrators: User-Defined Server Roles

User-Defined Server Roles increase flexibility, manageability, and facilitate compliance towards better

separation of duties. It allows creation of new server roles to suit different organizations that separate

multiple administrators according to roles. Roles can also be nested to allow more flexibility in mapping to

hierarchical structures in organizations. It also helps prevent organizations from using sysadmin for

database administration.

Control Data Access across BI Tools: Microsoft SharePoint and Microsoft Active Directory

As Microsoft continues to deliver broadly accessible BI tools, the security around data accessed within

these tools is critical. SQL Server 2012 helps secure end user data analytics with built-in IT controls,

including new SharePoint and Active Directory security models for end user reports published and shared

in SharePoint. Enhanced security models provide control at row and column levels.

Virtually Any Data, Built-in Embrace the Unstructured Data Explosion: Support for Complex Data Types

With the dramatic shift from structured to complex data types, the new mission critical requires support for

complex data types built-in, not added on at extra cost and effort. SQL Server 2012 supports growing

types and volumes of complex data with FILESTREAM, Remote Blob Storage, and Spatial support—with

added enhancements on top of the already robust and built-in beyond relational foundation. This allows

customers to build rich and innovative applications without paying extra premiums.

New to SQL Server 2012, FileTable builds on FILESTREAM to bring Win32 namespace support and

application compatibility to the file data stored in SQL Server. Countless applications maintain their data

in two worlds: documents, media files and other unstructured data in file servers; and related Structured

Metadata in relational systems. FileTable lowers the barrier to entry for customers who have files on

servers that currently run Win32 applications, while reducing the effort caused by maintaining two

disparate systems and keeping them in sync.

Enable High Availability for Unstructured Data: Support with AlwaysOn

With SQL Server 2012, new complex data types are treated as a first-class citizen. The benefits of

FILESTREAM allow customers to store and manage complex data in a variety of ways, as if it were part

of the database. Additionally, with SQL Server 2012 customers can enjoy the high availability benefits of

AlwaysOn for complex data managed via FILESTREAM. This includes customers taking advantage of

Remote Blog Storage and FileTable.

Seamlessly Connect to and Unlock Big Data: Hadoop Connectors

Hadoop connectors for SQL Server 2012 and SQL Server Parallel Data Warehouse are available for

download to licensed SQL Server & PDW customers. These connectors enable bi-directional data

movement across SQL Server and Hadoop, enabling customers to work effectively with both structured

and unstructured data. Additionally, customers will be able to use Microsoft’s leading Business

Intelligence Platform to perform analysis on Hadoop datasets. Users will be able to access and mashup

Hadoop datasets using familiar productivity tools, like Microsoft Excel and award-winning BI clients, such

as PowerPivot and Power View to perform analysis in an immersive and interactive way.

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Seamlessly Connect to Varied Platforms: Greater Interoperability

The reality today is that customers own and manage heterogeneous infrastructures, period. Customers

need interoperable tools and systems to best maximize existing investments and evolve on their terms.

SQL Server 2012 helps customers extend heterogeneous environments by connecting to SQL Server

and SQL Azure applications, with support for additional industry standard APIs across varied platforms.

With SQL Server, customers can better maximize existing investments while modernizing legacy mission

critical workloads on the SQL Server data platform. New interoperability with SQL Server 2012 includes:

Microsoft Driver for PHP for SQL Server is designed to enable reliable, scalable integration with SQL Server for PHP applications deployed on the Windows platform.

Connectivity for Java provides secure and highly available connectivity from java applications to SQL Server for enterprise customers.

Microsoft JDBC Driver for Linux/Unix provides connectivity to Unix/Linux, which allows customers running applications and workloads on legacy platforms to more easily migrate to SQL Server with minimal effort.

Comparing Costs of Mission Critical In today’s world, where mission critical enablement is simply expected, customers should demand enterprise-class tools and abilities that are built into their database, without having to purchase costly add-ons. SQL Server delivers the key mission critical capabilities required by customers to compete in today’s exploding digital world. The features discussed in this paper are all included in SQL Server 2012 Enterprise edition³ and don’t require costly options to deliver a complete and modern database solution.

Expecting the Fundamentals

Many legacy vendors deliver limited functionality in their premium editions and only enable key mission critical requirements through options or feature packs. Examples of options are security features, high availability, performance and spatial capabilities. The world has evolved. It’s no longer optional for customers to ensure enterprise-grade security features, availability, performance or support for complex data types, to name a few. A family expects to purchase a house with a roof, windows and doors. An organization should expect an enterprise-class database with availability, performance and security features built in. The figure below illustrates the difference between two similar database solutions, SQL Server 2012 and Oracle Database 11g, with the budget impact of options to meet a similar end state.

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Understanding Options The following table highlights the options required across the major DBMS vendors to meet today’s

mission critical needs. What used to be optional for mission critical enablement should now be required

by customers for the new standard in mission critical operations. It’s easy to see how achieving mission

critical with options or feature packs can dramatically change the total cost of a database solution.

SQL Server Oracle Database 11g (not all options showcased)

IBM DB2

Enterprise Edition Base License (includes 1-year support)

$27,496 $96,000 $162,000

Data availability Included $10,000 (Active Data Guard)

$5,800 (Total Recall)

$31,600 Total

$11,100 (Homogeneous Replication Feature)

$44,400 Total

Performance and scale

Included $11,500 (Advanced Compression)

$23,000 (TimesTen)

$11,500 (Partitioning)

$11,500 (Real Application Testing)

$5,000 (Diagnostics Pack)

$5,000 (Tuning Pack)

$135,000 Total

$15,300 (Storage Optimization Feature)

$15,300 (Performance Optimization Feature)

$145,600 Total

Enterprise security Included $11,500 (Advanced Security)

$23,000 Total

$11,100 (Advanced Access Control Feature)

$44,400 Total

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Note * Microsoft prices are based on estimated retail price. All Microsoft and Oracle prices are per processor (based

on a quad core Intel Xeon E7 Family processor) database pricing for purchases within the United States and are in

United States dollars. Pricing is based on information available on vendor Web sites. Oracle prices are based on

Oracle Technology Global Price List, October 20, 2011. IBM prices are based on single socket server configurations

with Intel® Xeon® Processor E3 Family (4 core processor on x86 architecture, IBM Processor Value Unit (PVU)

value of 100) and IBM DB2 Enterprise Server Edition Processor Value Unit (PVU) based price list. As of 11/30/2011

date. Reseller prices may vary.

In addition to its mission critical database functionality, SQL Server 2012 Enterprise includes a range of

capabilities for data integration, data management, data cleansing, and end to end business intelligence.

Positioned as a leader in the Gartner Magic Quadrant for Business Intelligence Platforms³, Microsoft

helps customers enable broad end user insight and productivity—balanced with IT oversight through

managed self-service BI tools that work both standalone and within Microsoft SharePoint. SQL Server

2012 delivers customers access to these industry-leading business intelligence capabilities without

requiring costly add-ons. With SQL Server 2012, the business intelligence tools are built into the base

Enterprise license and are also available in the new Business Intelligence edition. Customers can also

increase cost-savings through built-in data integration, management, and cleansing tools. These enable

data quality managers to easily cleanse and manage via SQL Server Integration Services, Master Data

Management, and Data Quality Services. Similar business intelligence and data management tools with

other vendors can add up to hundreds of thousands of dollars in additional costs.

Conclusion SQL Server 2012 delivers a new standard in mission critical—with true enterprise-class availability,

performance, and security features built into the solution. Integrated high availability solutions enable

faster failover and more reliable backups—and they are easier to configure, maintain, and monitor,

helping to reduce TCO. SQL Server 2012 also delivers mission critical performance and scale, with

predictable performance across server activity, including complex queries, data integration and analysis.

Designed for security from the ground up, SQL Server 2012 has minimal total surface area with more

inherently secure database software. This is combined with built-in, easy-to-use tools and controlled data

access that help meet strict compliance policies. SQL Server 2012 not only supports complex data types

and non-traditional data sources; it treats them as first-class citizens, offering simple support for varied

platforms and heterogeneous environments. Finally, SQL Server 2012 delivers mission critical at low

TCO, with full enterprise capabilities that are built into the solution, not provided as costly “add-ons”.

Ultimately, this means organizations can rely on a comprehensive, integrated solution that helps to

contain costs and manage compliance needs, while meeting the demands of the new digital world.

For more information:

http://www.microsoft.com/sqlserver/: SQL Server Web site

Any Data, Built-in Included $17,500 (Spatial Option)

$35,000 Total

$11,100 (Geodetic Data Management Feature)

$44,400 Total

Total Cost $27,496 $320,600 $440,800