Sports and venues of the London 2012 Olympic GamesGiving a home to inspiration

In 2012, athletes from all over the world will come to the UK to take part in the Olympic Games. The Games take place in a different city every four years. In 2012, it’s London’s turn!

London 2012 International

Education Programme

Archery

Venue: Lord’s Cricket Ground, LondonDates: Friday 27 July – Friday 3 AugustMedal events: 4Athletes: 128 (64 men, 64 women)

Archery dates back to around 10,000 years ago. It is now practiced in more than 140 countries around the world.

Athletics

Venue: Olympic Stadium – Olympic Park (track, field and combined events), London; The Mall (road events), LondonDates: Friday 3 August – Sunday 12 AugustMedal events: 47Athletes: 2,000

The Marathon was increased from around 25 miles to 26.2 miles at the London 1908 Olympic Games, so the race could finish in front of the British Royal Family’s seats. This distance is still used today.

Badminton

Venue: Wembley Arena, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 5 AugustMedal events: 5Athletes: 172

Olympic shuttlecocks contain 16 feathers, each of them taken from the left wing of a goose. They can travel at speeds faster than 400km/h.

At the London 2012 Olympic Games the world’s best athletes will take part in 26 Olympic sports including Athletics, Handball, Wrestling and Diving.

There was a lot to do to prepare for the London 2012 Games. The London Organising Committee of the Olympic and Paralympic Games (LOCOG) and the Olympic Delivery Authority (ODA) were set up to share the work.

The ODA planned and built the Olympic Park. It also had to look after all of the other venues and the transport system.

LOCOG is in charge of organising the Games. This is a big challenge!

The sports of the London 2012 Olympic GamesThe 26 Olympic sports, split into the following 39 disciplines:

GlossaryOLYMPIC DELIVERY AUTHORITY (ODA) – the organisation building the venues for the London 2012 Games

LONDON ORGANISING COMMITTEE OF THE OLYMPIC AND PARALYMPIC GAMES (LOCOG) – the organisation preparing and staging the Games

SHUTTLECOCK – a piece of equipment in Badminton. A shuttlecock is hit like a ball.

Basketball

Venues: Basketball Arena – Olympic Park, London (preliminaries, women’s quarter-finals); North Greenwich Arena, London (men’s quarter-finals and women’s semi-finals onwards)Dates: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 12 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 288 (144 men, 144 women, 12 teams in each event).

Basketball was originally played using a football. The first basketballs were made at the end of the 19th century.

Beach Volleyball

Venue: Horse Guards Parade, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Thursday 9 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 96 (48 men, 48 women; 24 teams in each event)

Beach Volleyball was first played at the Atlanta 1996 Olympic Games. Since then, seven of the eight gold medals have been won by the US and Brazil.

Boxing

Venue: ExCeL, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 12 AugustMedal events: 13 Athletes: 286 (250 men, 36 women)

Boxing was first played in the ancient Olympic Games in the 7th century BC. Opponents fought with strips of leather around their fists.

Canoe Slalom

Venue: Lee Valley White Water Centre, HertfordshireDates: Sunday 29 July – Thursday 2 August Medal events: 4Athletes: 82

Canoe Slalom takes place on a white water course. Each course has up to 25 gates. If a participant touches a gate, they receive a two-second time penalty. If they miss a gate they receive a 50-second penalty.

Canoe Sprint

Venue: Eton Dorney, BuckinghamshireDates: Monday 6 – Saturday 11 AugustMedal events: 12Athletes: 248

In canoes, athletes kneel and they use a paddle with one blade. In kayaks, the competitors sit in the boat and use a paddle with two blades.

Cycling – BMX

Venue: BMX Track – Olympic Park, LondonDates: Wednesday 8 – Friday 10 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 48

BMX bikes have only one gear and one brake.

Cycling – Mountain Bike

Venue: Hadleigh Farm, EssexDates: Saturday 11 – Sunday 12 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 80 (50 men, 30 women)

The races will be held over rough, hilly countryside.

Cycling – Road

Venue: The Mall, London (Road Race); Hampton Court, London (Time Trial)Dates: Saturday 28 July – Wednesday 1 AugustMedal events: 4Athletes: 212 (145 men, 67 women)

During the time trial cyclists start 90 seconds apart. The winner is the cyclist with the fastest time over the course.

Cycling – Track

Venue: Velodrome, LondonDates: Thursday 2 – Tuesday 7 AugustMedal events: 10Athletes: 188 (104 men, 84 women)

The track in the Velodrome has been laid with lengths of pine. The track is at an angle of 42 degrees at its steepest point.

Diving

Venue: Aquatics Centre – Olympic Park, London Dates: Sunday 29 July – Saturday 11 August 2012Medal events: 8Athletes: 136 (68 men, 68 women)

Olympic springboards must be at least 4.8m long and 50cm wide. Platform boards should be at least 6m long and 3m wide.

Equestrian – Dressage

Venue: Greenwich Park, LondonDates: Thursday 2 – Thursday 9 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 50

In Dressage, riders and their horses perform a series of movements known as a dressage test. They are awarded scores by judges.

Equestrian – Eventing

Venue: Greenwich Park, LondonDates: Saturday 28 – Tuesday 31 JulyMedal events: 2Athletes: 75

This competition combines dressage, cross-country riding and jumping.

Equestrian – Jumping

Venue: Greenwich Park, LondonDates: Saturday 4 – Wednesday 8 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 75

These events are held in a venue around a short course of 12-14 fences. The event tests an athlete’s speed, skill and power.

Fencing

Venue: ExCeL, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 5 AugustMedal events: 10Athletes: 212

Fencing was the first Olympic sport to feature professional athletes.

Football

Venues: City of Coventry Stadium (Coventry); Hampden Park (Glasgow); Millennium Stadium (Cardiff); Old Trafford (Manchester); St James’ Park (Newcastle); Wembley Stadium (London)Dates: Wednesday 25 July – Saturday 11 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 504 (288 men, 216 women; 16 men’s teams and 12 women’s teams).

Football was first introduced as a medal sport in 1908. Football has featured at every Olympic Games except one – the Los Angeles 1932 Olympic Games.

Gymnastics – Artistic

Venue: North Greenwich Arena, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Tuesday 7 AugustMedal events: 14Athletes: 196 (98 men, 98 women)

Artistic Gymnastics is a test of mind and body. It has been popular since the Olympic Games in Ancient Greece.

Gymnastics – Rhythmic

Venue: Wembley Arena, LondonDates: Thursday 9 – Sunday 12 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 96 (all women)

Competitors perform short routines to music using a ball, clubs, a hoop or a ribbon.

Gymnastics – Trampoline

Venue: North Greenwich Arena, LondonDates: Friday 3 – Saturday 4 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 32

The first modern trampoline was used in the 1930s. It was used to help astronauts and athletes train.

Handball

Venue: Handball Arena – Olympic Park, London (preliminaries, women’s quarter-finals); Basketball Arena – Olympic Park, London (men’s quarter-finals, plus all semi-finals and finals)Dates: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 12 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 336 (168 men, 168 women; 12 teams in each event)

Handball uses an indoor court measuring 40m x 20m. A Handball Court is the largest court of any indoor ball sport at the Games.

Hockey

Venue: Hockey Centre, LondonDates: Sunday 29 July – Saturday 11 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 384 (192 men, 192 women; 12 teams in each event)

Men’s Hockey was first played at the London Olympic Games in 1908. The first women’s Olympic Hockey competition was held at the Moscow 1980 Games.

Judo

Venue: ExCeL, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Friday 3 AugustMedal events: 14Athletes: 386

Judo made its first appearance at the Olympic Games at Tokyo in 1964. Competitors use a mix of attack and defence in one-on-one contests, which can be tough, tense and explosive.

Modern Pentathlon

Venue: Handball Arena - Olympic Park, London (fencing); Aquatics Centre - Olympic Park, London (swimming); and Greenwich Park, London (riding, combined event) Dates: Saturday 11 – Sunday 12 AugustEvents: Fencing, Swimming, Riding, Combined Run/Shoot EventMedal events: 2Athletes: 72 (36 men, 36 women)

The Modern Pentathlon was first held at the Olympic Games in 1912.

Rowing

Venue: Eton Dorney, BuckinghamshireDates: Saturday 28 July – Saturday 4 AugustMedal events: 14Athletes: 550 (353 men, 197 women)

The youngest Olympic champion is thought to be a French boy, aged no more than 12, who was the cox of a Dutch boat at the Paris 1900 Games.

Sailing

Venue: Weymouth and Portland, DorsetDates: Sunday 29 July – Saturday 11 AugustMedal events: 10Athletes: 380 (237 men, 143 women)

The 10 different Olympic Sailing events (six for men, four for women) feature a variety of boats - from dinghies and keelboats to windsurfing boards.

Shooting

Venue: The Royal Artillery Barracks, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Monday 6 AugustMedal events: 15 Athletes: 390

In Pistol and Rifle events, competitors shoot at a target from a set distance. In Shotgun events, competitors shoot at moving targets. These targets launch above and in front of them.

Swimming

Venue: Aquatics Centre – Olympic Park, London (pool events); Hyde Park, London (Marathon Swimming 10km)Dates: Saturday 28 July – Saturday 4 August (Aquatics Centre); Thursday 9 – Friday 10 August (Hyde Park) Medal events: 34Athletes: 950

At the London 1908 Olympic Games, the pool was built in the middle of the athletics track at White City Stadium, and the competition was held outdoors.

Synchronised Swimming

Venue: Aquatics Centre – Olympic Park, LondonDates: Sunday 5 – Friday 10 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 104 (all women)

Synchronised Swimming is one of only two events on the Olympic programme where only women compete. The other is Rhythmic Gymnastics.

Table Tennis

Venue: ExCeL, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Wednesday 8 AugustMedal events: 4Athletes: 172 (86 men, 86 women)

Table Tennis is the biggest participation sport in the world. Other names for the sport include ‘Ping Pong’, ‘Whiff Waff’ and ‘Flim Flam’ reflecting the sound of the ball being hit and bouncing off the table.

Taekwondo

Venue: ExCeL, LondonDates: Wednesday 8 – Saturday 11 AugustMedal events: 8Athletes: 128 (64 men, 64 women)

Participants wear a white uniform, known as a ‘dobok’. They also wear coloured protective equipment. The competitor wearing blue is referred to as ‘chung’, while the competitor in red is ‘hong’.

Tennis

Venue: Wimbledon, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 5 AugustEvents: Men’s and women’s Singles and Doubles; Mixed DoublesMedal events: 5Athletes: 172 (86 men, 86 women)

Tennis took place at the first modern Olympic Games in 1896. It was then remove from the programme after the Paris 1924 Games. It returned for the 1988 Games.

Triathlon

Venue: Hyde Park, LondonDates: Saturday 4 and Tuesday 7 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 110 (55 men, 55 women)

More than half a million spectators watched the first ever Olympic Triathlon in the streets of Sydney during the 2000 Olympic Games.

Volleyball

Venue: Earls Court, LondonDate: Saturday 28 July – Sunday 12 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 288 (144 men, 144 women: 12 teams in each event)

The key attacking move is the set and spike. Here, a player hits the ball (the set) to a teammate who hits it into the opposition’s court (the spike).

Water Polo

Venue: Olympic Park – Water Polo Arena, LondonDates: Sunday 29 July – Sunday 12 AugustMedal events: 2Athletes: 260 (156 men, 104 women)

Water polo developed during the 19th century. It was designed as a version of rugby, in water, in lakes and rivers.

Weightlifting

Venue: ExCeL, LondonDates: Saturday 28 July – Tuesday 7 AugustMedal events: 15Athletes: 260 (156 men, 104 women)

The aim of weightlifting is simple: to lift more weight than anyone else. Competitors in Olympic Weightlifting are divided into 15 weight categories, eight for men and seven for women.

Wrestling

Venue: ExCeL, LondonDates: Sunday 5 – Sunday 12 August 2012Medal events: 18Athletes: 344

Greco-Roman and Freestyle are different types of wrestling, and the idea is to force the back of the opponent’s shoulders onto the ground.

Activity idea

Get creative.Look at the pictures by the event names above. These are called pictograms and these are the official pictograms for the London 2012 Olympic Games. What do you think a pictogram is for? Where might you see one during the London 2012 Olympic Games? Can you make your own pictogram for your favourite sport?

Activity idea

Follow the Olympic eventsWhich are your favourite Olympic events? Talk with your classmates. Make a timetable for all the Olympic events that you and your class are going to watch or follow.

Activity idea

Think and discussThink about your country. Which of the sports in the list above do you play in your country? Why are they so popular? Do you play any of these sports at your school? Which of these sports would you like to try most and why? Imagine you are organising the next Olympic Games. Which new event would you bring into the Games? Think about why you want this particular sport. Work in groups and share your ideas with the rest of your class.

GlossaryPRELIMINARIES – the early stages of a competition

PENALTY – time added to your overall result because you break the rules

KAYAK – a type of canoe/boat. It is designed for rough river waters, in particular.

VELODROME – the venue for the Track Cycling competition

PINE – a type of wood

SPRINGBOARD – a type of diving board

PLATFORM – a type of diving board

ONE-ON-ONE – a competition where one individual competes against another

COX – the person who steers and directs the boat

Hockeywarm-up

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Indicative map of the Olympic Park at Games time

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Water Polo Arena

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Main Press Centre

Velodrome

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Eton Manor

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Reproduced by permission of Ordnance Surveyon behalf of HMSO. © Crown copyright and database right 2010. All rights reserved. Ordnance Survey Licence number 100046062.

Non-competition venuesCompetition venues

London Underground station

Docklands Light Railway station

London Overground stationNational Rail station

Back of houseSpectator services

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As Host City of the Olympic Games, London will be at the centre of celebrations in 2012. The heart of the London 2012 Games is the spectacular new Olympic Park in East London.

Venues in the Olympic Park

Basketball ArenaBasketball, Handball

The Basketball Arena contains 12,000 seats which are the colours of a basketball – black and orange.

Aquatics Centre Diving, Modern Pentathlon, Swimming, Synchronised Swimming

The Aquatics Centre has a fantastic wave-like roof.

Olympic StadiumAthletics, Opening and Closing Ceremonies

The Olympic Stadium has been built on an island and it is surrounded by water on three sides. Spectators will reach the Stadium across five bridges which connect it to other areas of the Olympic Park.

Handball Arena Handball, Modern Pentathlon

Handball, Modern PentathlonThis building is eco-friendly. It collects water from the roof and uses it to flush the toilets.

Velodrome Track Cycling

The bottom part of the Velodrome will have 3,500 seats located around the track, with 2,500 more seats under the roof.

BMX TrackBMX Cycling

The 400-metre BMX Track has jumps, bumps and tight corners. The riders will start on an eight-metre slope.

Hockey Centre Hockey

For the first time ever at an Olympic Games, the Hockey competition will be played on blue pitches.

Water Polo ArenaWater Polo

The Water Polo Arena will be next to the Aquatics Centre in one of the busiest areas of the Olympic Park.

Venues across LondonA large number of events during the 2012 Games will take place inside the Olympic Park. But there are also venues in other parts of London.

Activity idea

Getting to and from the GamesThere are 10 railway lines going into the Olympic Park. It will take as little as seven minutes to travel to the Park from central London. What is the public transport like in your country? Could it be better? Think about what changes you would like to make and then draw or paint your ideas on paper. Share your ideas with your class.

Activity idea

Dramatise the ParkThe Olympic Park will be the centre of the Olympic Games. What do you think life inside the Olympic Park will be like? Work in groups and act out scenes or create collages to show your ideas. Be creative and use your imagination!

Horse Guards Parade Beach Volleyball

This is in the centre of London. Trooping of the Colour (a parade of guardsmen on horseback) takes place here every year to celebrate the Queen’s birthday.

The Mall Marathon, Race Walk, Road Cycling

This is also in the centre of London. The Mall runs from Buckingham Palace, home of the Queen, to Trafalgar Square.

North Greenwich Arena Basketball, Artistic Gymnastics, Trampoline

This was built to celebrate the Millennium (the year 2000) and is now a sports and entertainment venue.

Wembley Stadium Football

The Olympic Football competition will take place in six stadia. Wembley is the biggest stadium. It has a famous arch that rises over 130m into the sky.

Wembley ArenaBadminton, Rhythmic Gymnastics

Wembley Arena is already a world-class music and sports venue, and will need very little extra work.

Wimbledon Tennis

Wimbledon is the only major grass-court tennis centre in the world. There is now a roof they can close on the Centre Court when it rains.

Earls Court Volleyball

Earls Courts is already a major exhibition centre. It already hosts hundreds of events and welcomes thousands of visitors every year.

Lord’s Cricket Ground Archery

Lord’s Cricket Ground has been ‘the home of cricket’ for almost 200 years. The Archery competition will take place here.

Hyde Park Marathon Swimming, Triathlon

This is London’s largest Royal Park and has been open to the public since 1637.

Greenwich ParkEquestrian, Modern Pentathlon

Greenwich Park is London’s oldest Royal Park. It dates back to 1433 and has been a World Heritage Site since 1997.

ExCel Boxing, Fencing, Judo, Table Tennis, Taekwondo, Weightlifting, Wrestling

This centre will hold the largest number of sports outside the Olympic Park.

Hampton Court Palace Road Cycling Time Trial

Hampton Court Palace is one of London’s royal palaces and has housed some of Britain’s most famous kings and queens, the most well known being Henry VIII.

The Royal Artillery BarracksShooting

The London port of Woolwich has a long military history and The Royal Artillery Barracks were built in 1776.

Activity idea

Planning new eventsThink about the sports facilities in your country. Are there any sporting events that you would like to see in your country? Where could they be held? Why not plan a new festival for your country or community? Think about the sports that you like but don’t see very often. What will you need to think about when you plan this new event?

Lee Valley White Water Centre, Hertfordshire Canoe Slalom

A new 10,000 square metre lake has been built especially for the Olympic Games. There is also a new 300m slalom course.

Eton Dorney, BuckinghamshireCanoe Sprint, Rowing

The eight lane rowing course is set in a 400-acre park with a conservation area.

Hampden Park, Glasgow Football

This is Scotland’s national football stadium. It is also used for music concerts and other sporting events.

Millennium Stadium, Cardiff Football

The Millennium Stadium is in Cardiff, the capital of Wales. It has a roof that can be open or closed. The stadium can hold 74,600 people. The first Olympic sporting event to take place, the women’s Football, will be held here.

Venues across the UKAlthough the 2012 Olympic Games are centred in London, many sports will take place outside London in other parts of the UK.

Hadleigh Farm, Essex Mountain Bike

The cycling course winds up and down hill through woods and parkland.

Old Trafford, Manchester Football

Home to Manchester United Football Club, Old Trafford is the second largest football ground in the UK.

St James’ Park, Newcastle Football

St James’ Park is the oldest and largest football ground in the north-east of England.

Weymouth and Portland, Dorset Sailing

These are the best natural sailing waters in the UK.

The City of Coventry Stadium Football

The stadium was built in 2005 and is home to Coventry City Football Club.

Activity idea

Local VenueWhat sports venues do you have near you? What makes them good? How could they be better? How does your school and local community benefit from them?

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Lee Valley White Water Centre – Canoe Slalom

Eton Dorney – Rowing, Canoe Sprint

Hampden Park – Football

Millennium Stadium – Football

Hadleigh Farm – Cycling (Mountain Bike)

Old Trafford – Football

St James’ Park – Football

Weymouth & Portland – Sailing

City of Coventry Stadium – Football

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The Athletes’ VillageThe ODA is currently building the competing athletes’ home-away-from-home: the Athletes’ Village.

Before the Games begin, athletes will stay and prepare in training camps across the UK. When the Games start, the athletes will move to the Athletes’ Village.

More than 17,000 athletes and officials will use the Village during the 2012 Games. They will eat, drink, relax, sleep and stay in touch with their families while they prepare for the greatest competition of their lives. The Village will become their home for a few weeks.

ComfortComfort in the Village is very important. If athletes are not comfortable, they will not perform well. So some rooms have extra-long beds. This is necessary for taller athletes like rowers and Handball players.

Activity idea

PreparationWe all want to see the athletes perform at their best. For the athletes themselves, the 2012 Games will be one of the biggest events of their lives. Imagine you are an athlete in the London 2012 Games – what would you like in the Athletes’ Village to help you prepare and feel at home? Think about food, drink, sleep, relaxation and training facilities.

Eating wellThere will be a dining room with 5,000 seats. It will serve all kinds of food and drink for the athletes and officials. Everyone will be able to find something they like to eat!

There will also be other places to eat, including cafés.

Activity idea

Eating well!What will the London 2012 chefs have to think about when they cook for the athletes? What would you want to eat if you were getting ready for a big event? What would athletes from other countries want to eat? Would it be the same as you?

GlossaryOLYMPIC DELIVERY AUTHORITY (ODA) – the organisation which builds the venues for the London 2012 Games.

EntertainmentWhen athletes are not competing, they will be able to watch events on big TV screens around the Village.

In the Village there will be a Village Plaza where athletes will be able to meet with their friends and family. Athletes from all teams will share this space. Here they will be able to make friends with people from different countries in true Olympic spirit.

Stay connectedIt will be easy for athletes to find out what’s happening in the world. They can read the news from their own country in the international newspapers that will be available in the Athletes’ Village.

The Village will also have Wi-Fi and Internet access so athletes can contact their family and friends at home.

Activity idea

Making new friendsWhy not pretend that you are an athlete arriving in the Athletes’ Village? How would you meet and make friends with the other athletes? What would you talk to them about? You might speak different languages – how would you communicate? You could act out your ideas with your friends. If you speak or are learning a different language, why not use different languages in your role-play too?

GlossaryPLAZA – a shopping mall

After the Games have finished many of the sporting arenas will still be used.

The Velodrome and BMX Circuit will be turned into a VeloPark for the public to use.

The Aquatics Centre will become a public swimming centre. It will include a crèche, family changing rooms, café and a new public square at the front of the building.

The Basketball Arena will be removed after the Games. However, parts of the Arena will be reused in other parts of the UK.

The Handball Arena will be changed into a public sports centre. It will allow people to practise many indoor sports, such as handball, badminton, martial arts, boxing and netball.

The Athletes’ Village will be converted into new homes, some for groups of people such as teachers and nurses. There will also be a new school for 1,800 pupils aged 3-19.

The Olympic Stadium will become home to UK football club West Ham United, and will alsohost athletics events.

Activity idea

Teacher’s ideaWhat would you use the Olympic stadium for after the Olympic Games? How would your idea help the people who live in that area? You could tell each other your ideas and have a vote. Vote for the most original design or the most practical. Find out more information about the Olympic venues on the London 2012 website www.london2012.com

An idea from Jo Daniels, Davenant Foundation School

After the London 2012 GamesTo stage the Olympic and Paralympic Games, London 2012 is going to use many venues and locations around the UK. Large areas will be taken up, especially in east London, where the Olympic Park is situated. However, once the Games are over, LOCOG and the ODA have many plans to make good use of the space.

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GlossaryVENUE – a building or location where an event (the sporting competition) will take place