spoken english prathibha 2005

8/12/2019 Spoken English Prathibha 2005

1/90

Kavita : How did you do in yesterday's

exam?

(Eo K ?)

Suji : Well, I think. How did you do ?

( o. y?)

Kavita: Not bad. I could have done better.

(y ]. h [a)

Suji: What group are going to study in

Inter?

( v B o?)

Kavita : MPC.What about you ?

(. y...!)Suji : Not sure yet, though dad wants me

to do MPC.

( N ]. o o)

Kavita : Which college? ( @?)

Suji : No idea as yet. What's going to be

your college?

(N ]... y!)

Kavita : Same here.Not decided yet.

( . ].)

Supriya : Hi, Suneetha, What a relief! The

final degree exams are over. But

What next for you?

(tu! Kj F.y h)

Suneetha : Not yet decided. What are your

plans?

( ]. F ?)

Supriya : Well, You know I've taken the

CAT for joining in IIM. Waiting for

the results. If I make it, I'll join

one of the IIMs. Hope I shall be

fortunate.

( E u ! L ho. h ] o)

Suneetha : I wish I had appeared for CAT

too. It's too late now. I think I'll

do MCA. I am preparing for the

entrance tests of all MCA

courses. I may also take PG

entrance tests and do MSc

Computers or Electronics.

( C. p[ E ?

h. > v K E C. tqu q Z Eq Fh)

Fo E ...!

Spoken English Grammar [ . Grammar Lv English x[[ h ] [ . i F grammar L. ]...

VOCABULARY

Vocabulary Fo.Spoken English i

u j C @N E, F , o , , C #j. C Tx ]l]l h. F #o#oN Tx , [ L ]. Listening. x Englishn [. DE daily life , Pronunciation L. u J Q L .

1. Vijayawada is on the banks of the Krishna

(N [ 'g [f C)2. They do not speak English

(x Tx x[)3. Where is Ramesh?

( \[?)4. How beautiful the Taj is!

( ] C)

j Sentences vAD NEo J# C. ]Sentence

'Vijayawada', C'They', C'Ramesh', C

'Taj' J# o. Sentencep N Eo E'Subject' . d ] SentenceSubject Vijayawada, u Subject

They, u Subject Ramesh, u Subject The Taj.

vA Sentence 'Subject'J# p ]E E

. j1st sentence

'.... is on the

banks of the Krishna' Sentence subjectN [ J# C.

'She sings well'

Sentence 'She' Subject. 'Sings well'C Subject She J# p . 'singswell' 'sings' sentence ]. (Shewell - n ]. Sentence ]). 'She sings well' - sentence Subject'She' y 'Sings' Sentence u. 'VERB' .Subject, Verb [ u.d] #a Sentences Verbs l.

Sentence-1 verb is, Senteverb 'do speak', Sentence-3, 4

Spoken English SentenceVerb Jh[

Jhh NFo .a) Andhra Pradesh is the bigges

South India

b) The Eenadu was published

Vizag.

[ Sentences N Statements o.

c) Is AP the biggest state in South

d) Was the Eenadu first publis

Vizag?

(c), (d) Questions . (a), (b(d) l.

English (a), (b) Sta(c), (d) Questions v u Et (sentence structure)(sentence structure y J.)

Statement : AP is

(DE Structure ) Subject + Verbbiggest state in so

Question : Is AP the big

Verb + Subject

state in South India!

Statement Subject ], VhC.Question DE uA ] subject y ho. v i .

Statement : The Eenadu was pub

structure : Subject + Verb

from Vizag.

Question : Was the Eenadu publi

structure : Verb + Subject ( Ve

from Vizag?

C Statements quesitonspractice .

Statements Que

a) (Yes), They are students --

b) (Yes), Rani is the leader -

c) (No), I am not happy -

d) (Yes), He was here last night -

e) (No), She is not hungry ? -

I

xxxxxxx

M. SURESAN

O CNO LO ju oO n jO vA JhoO uh N j N Nx ...O O p L!

v L!vd pL!\ xJ c !] p Txj ]!

O u ] O [p ] [ vA V N# V

jL p Txu ChC.

[ C 1

#o #oN L #\!#o #oN L #\!#o #oN L #\!#o #oN L #\!

II

Spoken English Conversational English E .# Career Nu n ]J i

Communications Skills u i Spoken English.# ux, qx vE Ey Interviews, group

discussions, presentations, self sketches

N C Spoken English O] d .

1


2/90

[ 1

PRONUNCIATION GUIDE

English pronunciation confusion [ y l [[.: Car c-, centre c-

lE [ y [[.

: centre - c \[, sentry - s \[).

L?

English x \ . # x l \. Pen - ;Book- , Watch - ; Phone - ; Take- . x #J x x L C. o, \, [, j]82

# a.email: pratibha@ eenadu.netemail: pratibha@ eenadu.netemail: pratibha@ eenadu.netemail: pratibha@ eenadu.netemail: pratibha@ eenadu.netemail: pratibha@ eenadu.net

W x x j E#, hp [. No, j]E N xTh. d E ## x[. F xxp[ ]ui # . L

d E d d.

R x! R x! R x!

2


3/90

WAS, WERE

Ram: Were you there yesterday?

(Eo y \[ o?)Raghav: I was there, of course.

( \[ o)Ram: When were you there?

(p[o?)Raghav: I was there exactly at 6 when the

function began.

(J_ { ] j 6 \ o)

Ram: Who else was there yesterday?

(Eo o?)Raghav: Anil, and Sunil were also there.

(E, F \[ o ) E . Ram, Raghav Eo

[Eo was, were po. English jd Verb forms . p[, p[, [Eo am, is, are . oE p[ was, were .

was- singular

were- plural

1. p[ E\[ o.I am here

2. Eo \[ o.I was here yesterday

3.O Eo \[ o? C

Question.

d verb ] LWere you here yesterday?

4. Eo \ [ o[? (Question)Where was he yesterday?

5. vG C.India was under British rule.

6. 1947 (rulers) ?Who were our rulers till 1947?

Tx j L D, q, , j p[ sentence #

L.7. Eo y \[ ]o?

Why were you here yesterday?

8. o[ C \[ o[.My friend was here last Sunday.

d (past) N p[ was, were .

C sentences english practice .1. Praveen: O Eo xo?

2. Pranav: , x o.3. Praveen: O o x o?

4. Pranav: [.

5. Praveen: Eo O \[ o?6. Pranav: @ o.

7. Praveen: vA W j @? (Regular)

8. Pranav: .9. Praveen: O x p[

?

10. Pranav: v x . Eov v x .

11. Praveen: \[o?

12. Pranav: O Answers:

1. Were you at home yesterday?

2. Yes, I was at home.

3. Was your brother too/also at home?

4. No, he was not at home.

( No, he wasn't. E h)(wasn't = was not)

5. Where were you?

6. I was at College.

7. Are you at college at this time every day?

8. Yes, I am (at college... every day - conver-

sation C a.)9. When are you at home usually? (

d 'are')10. I am at home in the evenings (Regular,

therefore, am) but I was not (wasn't) at

home last evening.

(Eo v, Eo vA last evening,last night).11. Where else were you? (Eo d)12. I was at a meeting.

O, O friendF, Ox JF practice .

] O practice y answers.

p[ ? \ am, is, are, was,were English x[a?

PRONUNCIATION GUIDE

Tx pure sounds . \j 'a' bake, cake, case, date, face, game, hate,

lane x #a p[ Eo L.

bake- cake- case- face- game- hate- lane- date- (I hate you-

). N tale, tail pronunciation \ .

p[ 'a', p[ 'an' C ]l vo.'a, e, i o, u v u ],'an' E, N ] 'a' E . F C p[ d ]. a univer-sity, a European . d.

'the' E C E p[, ] E p[

L?, , , , , , , , , , , l v u English ]'an' L. l ] a 'the'E CL. N l vu ] 'a' L.

'the'E ] L.a University ( v d 'a')an example ( v, d 'an')the egg (\[ C, egg, 'a' vd)the tree (] v. \[ # l v ] d). Communications/information

C # [.

[ phone, ringup, g

call- O Eo p[ [ 'call', phone to a person, phone Jh . ring up, g [ o.

1) O J .Please call me.

Please give me a ring.

Please ring me up.

p h.I will certainly call you.

Sure, I will call you.

Sx O h.I will get back to you.

2) N Please mail me the matter.

Please mail the matter

[email protected]

3) J y .

Send it by courier.4) d y .

Post it.

Send it by ordinary post.

Sent it by snail mail.

'snail mail' h x post E n.

JEo !chew (u) - [swallow (y)- N[swallow in a gulp - \ Ntrim (v)(mustache, beard)

- (O, [f) AhJ# clench (x)- GT (L injure () - [[injury (K)- twist (yd)the arm - LA snap the fingers - # [shatter ()- ]l d[swelling (yL)- inflammation (x)- fracture(va)- N[sprain(vp)- itch()- ]], scratch(v\abscess ()- (


4/90

[ E 1

u EtEo ] yh x x[[]u ]. u Jh . [ L o TxE

[ ]l di E ]. ] u J# h x E C# #o h.

SHALL BE, WILL BEKiran: Will you be here tomorrow?

y \[ o?Kranthi: What for?

]?Kiran: All our friends will be here tomor-

row.Will you not be (won't you be).

o ] \[ o. J y[?

Kranti: I shall be very happy to be with all ofyou.What will be the programme?

O ] J [[ . vv ?

Kiran: Let's decide when we meet.

L Eg l. E ! N

Eo J# x[ o. will be, shallbe !

I shall be there tomorrow.

( \[ .)He will be a graduate soon.

(y [ v[u [.)The train will be here in five min-

utes.

( ] ENx j\ hC.)

How long will you be here?

(y \[ ?)

shall be, will be Nu h [[ (A futurestate of being)

uA 'Time words' Eo L Englishsentence # .eg: He will be here tomorrow.

They were here yesterday.

The meeting will begin at 6 this

evening.

Order: time, day, date, month, year

eg: The meeting will be at 6 PM (Time)

on Monday (day), the 28th (date)May (month) 2005 (year)

C English u.(Sx Question order h

Vb+Sub/1st Word of the Verb+Sub+the other

words of the verb.)

C E English practice .1. \[ p [ [?2. O j] EoV ?

3. h O ]_ ?4. E\[ \ [.5. ] j] .6. [ V C.7. C EN C .8. F yA u N?(next step)9. \[ [.10. \[ C?

Answers:

1. When will he be here?

2. How long will you be in Hyderabad?

3. Will the book be with you tomorrow?

4. I shall not be here for long?

5. We shall all be in Hyderabad tomorrow.

6. It will be hot for another two days.

7. I will be in the theatre in another 10 min-

utes.

8. What will be your next step?

9. Nobody will be here tomorrow.

10. How long will she be here?

VOCABULARY

v dish (), bowl ()x v Vessels (q),

utensils (Eqq) ewer ()

x tumbler (x) lid (L) pan () cauldron (v[)J T [ boil ()[ fry (wj)a[ (A ]) = bake ()p[ Eo 'be' forms ( [EoL Verbs):

can be - [[ (p[, N u h)could be - [[ ()may be - [a (p[, N u h)might be - [a ()should be, must be = L

1. He can be here in five minutes.

[ \[ ] EN x [[.2. She could be the Prime Minister.

vE [LTC.3. She may be there now.

[ \[ [a(?).

4. They might be happy.

x [a ().5. You should be here at 10 a.m.

y ] C \[ L.

6. Ravi must be in officefrom 10 a.m. to 5 p.m.

N ] 10 #v 5 L. 'be' forms([Eo L 'verb-s' . C u Tx practice .

1. Ny \[ [?2. Eo x \[p[ o ?3. \[ sC [ a.4. h p [?5. \[ Eo L?6. [ Eo \[ [L[.7. .. u vA [L

] [ d.8. \[ , j [

.9. Eo x C.10. O \[ [a?Answers:

Tx How long? ] How far? Eox How often?1. How long can you be here?

2. When could they be here yesterday?

3. There may be some trouble there tomor-

row.

4. Can't you be patient? (Can you not = Can't

you)

5. When should we be there?

6. He could be here yesterday itself (Eo).

7. NT Ramarao could be the CM b

was an actor.

8. If it is comfortable here, I can b

as long as possible.

9. It was very cool yesterday.

Yesterday was very cool.

10. How long can you be here?

'Be' forms ( am, is, are, wshall be, should be 'be' # 'been' # aN have been, had been, should have been n a Verbs. N Verbs. ] A #a #a a.

A

I am a teacher (o).She is a player (player C).They are singers.

B

I teach (h).She plays ([C).They sing ([).xxxxxx 4

M. SURESAN

u # !u # !u # !u # !u # !

O !p Tx O

p Tx, vA\, [,> [, j]82


vo: The machine is out of servThe machine has out of se

j jC C? h n hC? h hC?India won the match.

India has won the match. has Jh n Bh n hC?

,

:The machine is out of service.

correct.

The machine has out of ser

English ].Has p[ out pr

.India won the match. ]

]. ] L# VF, D won correct.

India won the match last week

] last week E j d.

India L#]E, p[ L# Ch India has won the mcorrect. C u [.

A. He has gone out.

p[ RxD j p[ has + past participle correct.

B. He went out this morning.

\[ p[ RxD,ing E j o. simple tense correct.

C. She has bought a car.

has + past participle (j d).

D. She bought it yesterday.

(bought - past simple- yest

j o d).

he is a playerhe plays


5/90

[ 2

[ Eoi L [ x \J n v] C. DE ' v

a. Eo \ \ N] Lq C.C \[ vT x

]JE dC.

Ram: Where is your brother?

O ] [ \[ o[?Raghav: He is watching the t.v. at home

x O h o[.Ram: Where does he study?

\[ ]o[?Raghav: He is a student of Learn well school

o\ NuJnRam: Which class is he in?

vh o A ]

o[?Raghav: He is doing the 8th class

E N A ] o[.Ram: What games does he play?

[[?Raghav: He plays cricket and hockey.

v, [[.j E .

is verb Eo x [Eo C. iswatching, does study ( = studies), is doing,

(does play = plays) plays Fo (actions) L Verbs.A

The teacher is in class.

( x C)He was on the playground.

(Play ground o[ )

BThe teacher is teaching (Verb)

(ChC)He was playing

([ o[ )B ] verbs Fo (Actions) L

Verbs.

A C verbs [Eo . p verbs, action words.eg: go, come, eat, talk, run, sleep, read,

dance.

1. The boys are playing

2. The girl is reading

3. These students talk in class

4. The cheetah runs fast

5. A dog barks

, English o

E. h O] CThe book is on the table.

, O] y [. TxO] n, on 'table' ] [.Eo N .from school - \ #at home - In the bag - #

to Guntur - . N Tx x p[

vhL. C verbs J [.A B

come comes

go goes

write writes

take takes

sing sings

teach teaches

speak speaks

A C , B C n . FI, We, You, They A C E Th.

He, she, it B C E [.I/We/You/Andhras (they) speak Telugu

My father (he)My Mother (she) } speaks TeluguThis class (it)I/We/you/these trains (they) go there

My mother (she)

My friend (he/she) }goes there every dayThis train

Fans (they) give air

A Fan (it) gives air

Dogs (they) bark

A dog (it) barks

N O Jhh practice (Brackets o verb Jh )1) Wrist watches --- the time

A Wrist watch --- the time (show)

2) A doctor --- patients

Doctors --- patients (treat)

3) A lawyer --- cases

Lawyers --- cases (argue)

4) Pens ---

A pen --- (Write)

5) A cricketer --- cricket

Cricketers --- cricket

(Play)

Answers:

1) Wrist watches

(They) show the

time

A Wrist Watch (It)

shows the time

2) A doctor (He/She) treats patients

Doctors (They) treat patients

3) A lawyer (He/She) argues cases

Lawyers (They) argue cases

4) Pens (They) write

A pen (It) writes

5) A cricketer (He/She) plays cri

Cricketers (They) play cricket

verbs, v p [. regular p[ J OE I go to college at 10 AM (vA W)My mother cooks for me (p[) O J Eo sentences S} \J [:(I) am; (he, she, it) is; they (are).

\[ am, is, are p[ [[. was, were- shall be / will be future [I. I am in class

(p[ x o)My friend (he/she) is in the next

( friend, \ C p[)My parents (they-

x)are at h

(x o p[)d am, is, are p[ [II. I was/he was here yesterday.

(\[ o o[ Eo)My friends were in Hyderabad last

( o j] ) -was, were,

III. Shall be/will be- future (Nu 1. India will be a great country b

(2010 q E C)

2. Anil will be here next week

(a E \[

xxxxxx 5M. SURESAN

n F...!n F...!n F...!n F...!n F...!

O !p Tx O

p Tx, vA\, [,>[, j]82


vo: have \ had u Ta? h u nN? C tense C? u had y \ Sx hadh? E n N?

hJ , t [

: 'have' \ 'had'___ have had_ Cpresent perfect tense of have.present perfect

verbform: have/has + past participle (pp);eg: have seen, have gone etc.

Present perfect tense u LC p J T E. DE for the past, for the last,since h.

a) I have studied (have+ pp of study) here forthe past two years- E\[ p x C.

b) He has worked (has + pp of work)

here since 2004 = 2004 # p \[ E[.

p[ C E pI have a car . x C E , 'have' present perfecttense, have + past participle of have(=had) L ! p?I have had this car for the past two years

. have + had (pp of 'have'_ LTo) E. She has had (has + pp of 'have')this job for the last one year.

( q N[ u C)

They have had two cups of coffee s

(p [ p Present perfect tense p[ ( V, D, j) J [.I have had my lunch.( had had- C past perfect tense

Past perfect verb form: had +ticiple

Past perfect u LC: [ x ] EE.He told me that he had passed

(had + pp of pass)

u E p[.pass , p, [ pass ], p y'pass' d had passed Efect [.

] E \\[ [ past actions. \]J past action. \ ['have a scooter.' d past perfecthad + past partciple of have (=ha

had.

He had had a scooter before he b

car.

( ], E \ He had had his breakfast when

came in.

(x v ap E C)

She had had the information beher of it.

( p ]_

he girl isre ding


6/90

[

Pooja: Are you happy?

( o?)Durga: Certainly I am.()

Pooja: Why are you happy?

(] o?)Durga: My cousin Saraswathi is here for

vacation.We shall be happy in each

other's company.

( > yA \#aC. [ ]lJ ] C.)

Pooja: What will be your plan?

(F x N?)Druga: Come home tomorrow. You will know.

( . F hC.) am, is, are;was, were; shall be, will be yhappy, plan j [a.

C E x[ practice .Blanks Brackets #a E.I am ________

(O p. : I am Pavan)I am _____

He is _______

They are ________

My friends will be ______

j #aN sample v.d, dq, [, d, , o

/ ], ] , vi, #,[, J, , , p , L j,LN E, [, , EB ,

EB E, t]_, tE , O p j English . am, is, are; was, were; shall be,will be \ E Ja x[.j Tx tall, short, fat, slim, happy, sad/sorrowful,

kind, cruel, good, bad, lazy, active, patient,

clever/intelligent/wise, foolish, talkative,

reserved, honest, dishonest, reliable, unreli-

able

...\ d E English countables.: man, book, student, pen, town, village

etc.O singular, plural . O

singular ] p[ 'a' F, 'an' FC h L.I am a student.

He is an engineer.

She is a doctor.

She is an eye surgeon.

He is an uncle of mine.

It is an ox. etc.

Ux Questions

prac-

tice .eg: Is he happy?

Are they clever? etc.

j p Eo English question practice .Question structure hC ?a) vb+Sub [Are (verb) you (sub) happy?]

b) first word of the verb + sub + other words

of the verb.

[Has(first word of the verb) he(sub) been helping

(other words of the verb) you?]

1. [ [?

2. ] ?3. ? (future)4. x EB x? (past)5. xp[ \[ ??6. O \[ ?7. [ E B [E O t

?8. [ v h ?(future)?

9. O x?10. p[ ?Answers:

1) Is he very tall?

2) Is she beautiful?

3) Will she be happy?

4) Were they honest?

5) Where are they now?

6) Where will you be tomorrow?

7) Are you sure that he is honest?

8) Will he be careful?

9) Were you happy?

10) Was she fat once?

Tx , was, were.p[ am, is, are #p F, F [Eop E have been, has been [.I, we, you, they have; he, she, it has [.1. [ x v \[ o[.

He was here four years ago.

2. [ p \[ o[.He is here.

3. [ x \ o [.He has been here for the past four years.

4. [ V [ C.It has been very hot for the past two days.

5. 1947 # y v C.India has been independent since

1947 (for the past 57 years)

6. x j] o.We have been in Hyderabad for the

past ten years (since 1995)

7. \ [ o?Where have you been all this time?

8. O \[ o?How long have you been here?

9. \ [C?Where has Pooja been all these days?

Tx have been / has been vu C. p # p F, F j [Eo I,We, you and they 'have been' Fhe, she, it 'hasbeen' F #h.

N... Eo V / Eo/ Eo /Eo q forthe past (The last)...days/

... hours/ ... months / ...

years (Sx V,, , q u.)

eg: for the past (The last) 2 days / 2 hours/ 2

months / 2 years

for 2 days / hours / months / yearsnow . V/ / / q #

E since . I have been here for the past (last) two

years.

I have been here since 2003

She has been here for the (last) past two

months.

She has been here since February end.

India has been independent for the past

(last) 57 years.India has been independent since 1947.

for the past (last), since u. C u [.

]_ Eo \[ C.Durga was here yesterday.

]_ p[ \[C.Durga is here.

]_ Eo # \ C.Durga has been here since yesterday.

x o \[o?Where were they the day before?

} p \[o?Where are they?

x o # \ [ o?Where have they been since the day

before?

C u O English practic1. O \ [o?2. [ \ v 3. 2001 # d o[

(since, for the past [ p.)

4. 2001 # 2003 o[.

5. Mx 6. [ V F

(F Weak)7. O V G@ o

8. s oill/sick)9. j u vA 10. O \ [ o?Answers:

1. How long have you been here?

2. How long has Tendulkar been a

3. He has been a collector since 20

past (last) 4 Years.

4. He was a teacher here from 200

5. Delhi has been the capital of

long time.

6. He has been weak for two day

the past/ for the last two days)

7. Have you been busy for the pas

week?

8. How long has he been ill?

9. How long has YS been the Chie

10. Have you been here for long?j Sentences have been/ [ E. v F, F [Eo havebeen L h. Question strucp[ verb + subject F, verb[ , Ist word of thSubject + other words of the

C.

xxxxxx 6

M. SURESAN

O !p Tx O

p Tx, vA\, [,>[, j]82


] 2

vo: t [ Jp[ ] sx] T h? Milk 'sold' here; Job work 'd

'Spoken' English Institute -

v1 v3 E ]ho N J .

t

:1. verb v3 past participle: d

ken, seen etc.

passive form verb p[,past participle.

'Milk sold here' C, 'Milk is short form.\[ verb 'is (be form) + sold

ticiple of sell)' n t 'Job work done here'work is done here' E n.(passive) [ Eform + done - past participle).

2. past participle (p.p.) E.

eg: The man seen here every da

[ uh. torn paper -T. spoken englx[ TxE n.u W xpassive voice [.t, o [? #[f T E #ET T .

m student


7/90

[

Sudha: I meet Padmaja here everyday. I

miss her today.(W \[ ]t h. V E ].)

Valli: Yes. She comes here everyday. I

too see that.

( W \[ hC. (vA V))

Sudha: I remember now. Today is Sunday.

She does not come here on sun-

day.

( hhC. V C. C \[ ].)

Valli: I do not know that.

( L].)Sudha: She goes to her aunt's place every

sunday. I too visit my cousin every

sunday evening.

( C x hu C. C v > .)

be forms [Eo [ juxE meet, comes, remember, doescome, goes, visit L h.

L C [.I Regular Doing II Regular Doing

Words Words

A B

eat eats (eat+s)take takes (take+s)

give gives (give+s)

wash washes (Wash+es)

like likes (like+s)

sing sings (Sing+s)

dance dances (dance+s)

go goes (go+es)

'A' C I Regular Doing Words, BC II Regular Doing Words .I Regular Doing Words (A C )'s' F 'es' F Jh II Regular doing wordsh.A C [I Regular Doing Words(I RDWs)], I, We, you and they [. BC [II Regular Doing Words(II RDWs)] He, She, it [.

IWe

You } like milkMy parents(They)

My father (he)

My mother (she) } likes milkThe Cat (it)

j N] A group C Verbs, Bgroup C verbs p.eg: [

I He

We }drink coffee She } drinks coffeeYou ItThey

C n a N]

p.[, [[, [[, h[, [[,

vN [, EvC [, ' [, T[, h[, # [ O

Eo pLT Eo prac-tice .Answers :

I write sleep

We play waste

You walk use

The boys } run remember(They) cook forget

love

Hemant (he) writes cooks uses

Sarala (she) } plays loves remembersIt (n walks sleeps forgetsJ x) runs wastes

OE J Q L .

a) Pens (They) write.

A pen (It) writes.

b) Wrist watches (They) show the time.A wrist watch (It)

shows the time.

c) Doctors (They) treat

patients.

A doctor (He/She)

treats patients.

d) Fans (They) give air.

A fan gives air.

e) Teachers (They)

teach.

A Teacher (He/She) teaches. Eoverbs practice .

COUNTABLES, UNCOUNTABLES

a) countables \ dN.book, pen, teacher, boy, dog etc.

b) uncountables \dEN.milk, sugar, rice, water etc.

c) countables v singular (),plural ( \) .book (singular) books (plural)

pen (singular) pens (plural)

teacher (singular) teachers (plural)

boy (singular) boys (plural)

d) uncountables plural []. milks, sug-ars, rices .

e) Very Important: countable singulars

(\dN Eo, JE J#p p[) ] p[ 'a' F'an' F Lq.

eg:

1) A doctor treats patients (doctor -

countable, singular).

2) I have an idea (idea - countable, singular).

3) An umbrella is useful in rain (umbrella-

countable, singular).

4) A pen is for writing (pen- countable, singu-

lar)

'a' p[? 'an' p[?

, , , , , , , , , , l v u ] 'an' L.N ] 'a' T L.an umbrella (v d an)an hour ( an)an honour ( an)an idea

( an)

an owl ( an)an egg ( an) v h a, an Ncon-fusion [].

N l ] a [.countable singular \[ #a E ] aF an F Lq.Mother loves her child (wrong)

A Mother (countable singular) loves her child.

f) Uncountable ] a F an F p[].Sx J 1st RDW (1st Regular doing

word come, go, walk), 2nd RDW (2ndRegular doing word comes, goes,walks) J Q L l.I, We, you, they 1st RDW;he, she, it 2nd RDW L. [ Regular doing words v p, Eu J [ Regular actions . p[ J O [.

1) W J Ev] h.C regular action. d I get up at 6 a.m.\[ every day E p, p . get 1st RDW regular Cn C.

2) NtC .We start for college at 9 a.m.

(Regular action - start - 1st RDW)

3) o [.C regular action.Our friends (They) play well.

4) O p[ u h.(p[ J E).You always come late.

5) o ] 9 (Regular- vA V).

My father (He) starts for office at 9 a.m.(everyday E pLq ].starts regular)

6) t [ C (p[).My mother (She) cooks for us.

7) 1st show v C(W ).The 1st show (It) starts at 6.15 p.m.

C regular actions English

1. v d.(like

2. W [ ] .3. ] C

.4. t O J q hC

(watch - J q, E 5. o V J

h. (return, come back;

6. vA W ] ] (study; for an hour, every morni

7. t C.(vA W regular)Answers:

1. She likes this dress.

2. I read the Eenadu (every day).

3. Our classes (They) begin / start

4. My mother (She) watches TV se

5. My father (He) returns / comes b

at 6 a.m.

6. I study for an hour every mornin

7. My mother (She) takes coffee (e

M. SURESAN

O !p Tx O

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xxxxxx 7

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8/90

[

Ramu: Do you know Mr. venu?

(F ?)Vasu: Of course, I know him.( )

Ramu: How do you know him?

( F ?)Vasu: We work in the same department.

But he works in another section.

( dx \ ho.F {x Eh[)

Ramu: Which section does he work in?

( {x E h[?)Vasu: Why do you want to know all this?

(y N ] o?)

j E . Question do,does ho. O [ [English u.

Regular doing words (1st RDW, 2nd RDW)- come, comes; go, goes- N not ,question p[ vh L. Txj d N x hC.

vA W ]NtC .I go to college at 9 AM.

] NtC x I do not (don't) go to college at 9 AM.

vA V x o .They meet me every day.

x .They do not meet

me every day.

'not' p[ (uA p E),question p[1st RDW (come, go

N) 'do'hC.

Eo u

1) I go there every Sunday.

a) I do not go there every Sunday.

b) Do I go there every Sunday?

2) They speak Telugu.

a) They do not speak Telugu.

b) Do they speak Telugu?

(1) go not p[ 1 (a) dogo C. Question 1 (b) dogo C. (2) Speak not p[2(a), question 2(b) do speak

C.3) We like mangoes

a) We do not like mangoes

b) Do we like mangoes?

\[ like not F questionF p[ do like [ E.d 1 RDW + not/?= do + 1st RDW.1st Regular Doing Words (come,go N)E not question p[ do + 1st RDW C.

C not uA , questionspractice . Eo ...

1. x Tx .

They know English.

x Tx L].They do not know English.x Tx ?Do they know English?

(Question Structure hC 'verb'p[ ])

2. y [ u h.You always come late.

yp[ u . (not)You do not come late.

y[ u h?Do you always come late?

3. o h.His friends help him.

o .His friends do not help him.

o h?Do his friends help him?

know = do know

come = do come

help = do help

[ j ux E . C u English practice.1. Rx\ W h.

Rx\ W .Rx\ W h?

2. y E W .y E W .y E W ?

3. [. [. [?

4. Tx . Tx L].O Tx ?

5. x Ch. x C . x Ch?

6. Tx E h. Tx E [.O Tx E h?

7. \[ dx j]u h.(j]u [ = treat)\[ dx j]u .\[ dx j]u h?

8. x h.x .x h?

Answers:

1. They come here daily.

They do not come here daily.

Do they come here daily?

2. You meet him every day.

You do not meet him every day.

Do you meet him everyday?

3. We sing well.

We do not sing well.

Do we sing well?

4. I know English.

I do not know English.

Do you know English?

5. These teachers teach well.

These teachers do not teach well.

Do these teachers teach well?

6. We watch English movies.

We do not watch English movies.

Do you watch English movies?

7. The doctors here treat well.

The doctors here do not treat well.

Do the doctors here treat well?

8. They act well.

They do not act well.

Do they act well?

English what, where, when, which,whose, whom and why questions[ ? OE 'wh' words .O questions 'wh' questions. 'wh' 'wh' questions 1st RDW do + 1 st RDW hC.

1. O ?What do you know?

2. O \ [ ?Where do you live?

3. x [?How do they sing? (How =

Ans: [.They sing well

4. O ] p[ u Why do you always come lat

Ans: I miss the bus.

5. O p[ (W)

When do you start for colleg

day)

Ans: I start at 9 AM.

6. ] j d h?

Why do you waste time?Ans: d [ ].

I do not waste time.

C questions English .

1. x W \] h2. O Eo E ] h3. O h\[ 4. x vA ] ?5. p # O ?6. O Ch?7. x W \ ph?8. vA C y JE 9. E Fd?10. O K

?j questions vA E .Answers:

1. Why do they come here every d

Ans: They come here to see me

2. Why do you watch so many mo

Ans: I watch them because I like

3. Where do you buy books usuall

Ans: I buy them at that stall.

4. What newspaper do they read?

Ans: They read the Eenadu.

5. When do your holidays begin?

Ans: They usually begin in April

6. How much do you earn?

Ans: Why do you want to know?

(O ]

7. When do they come here every Ans: They come here at 7 PM

8. Whom do you meet every sunda

Ans: I meet my friend.

9. What kind of movies do you like

Ans: I like suspense movies.

10. Where do you buy provisions u

Ans: I buy them at that shop.

xxxxxx 8

M. SURESAN

C 2

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: Standard dictionary Word Ad ]lA . Alphabetical order refer [.L_ refer C L. English alphabet v a-z

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Word A d Y ]lA C. v h Eo dy ] [ C.

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Spelling d L.Key to dictionary entries n

{vF a . N Pronunciation parts of speech

parts of speech , Print , Type

Parts of speech Nou Eo a Idiom

Synonyms, antonL.

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d L !


9/90

[

Raghu: Does your friend meet you regular-

ly?

(O v Eo u h?)Ramu: Which friend? ( v?)Raghu: Seshu ()Ramu: Yes, he meets me regularly. But

he does not meet me on sundays.

(. u h[ FC v [.)

Raghu: Why does he not (doesn't he) meet

you on sundays?

(C ] [?)Ramu: He does not move out of home on

sunday.( C x ] [.)j ! 2nd RDW meetsquestion not does meet C. does move moves (not #a p[).

Come, go, Walk 1st RDWs(Regular Doing Words) not,questions p[ do h ]Eo.eg:

1) They come here everyday.

a) they do not come here every day.

b) Do they come here every day?

2) You come here often.

a) You do not come here often.

b) Do you come here often?

p[ 2nd Regular Doing Words-comes, goes, walks, talks verbs notF, question F p[ 'does'hC. 2nd RDWs- he, she, it [.d 'does' he, she, it TL.1) Sunita (She) sings well.

2nd RDW

a) Sunita does not sing well.2nd RDW

\[ verb 'does sing' - not .b) Does Sunita sing well?

\[ verb 'does sing' - question .\[ sings + not/?= does sing

sings not F,question F

p['does sing'

C.2) Kumar (he) knows

English.

a) Kumar does not

know English.

b) Does Kumar know English?

( E ! knows + not/? = does know)3) Hari likes music.

a) Hari does not like music.

b) Does Hari like music?

'not' questions J Eo 2nd RDWs [.1) works (+ not) = does not work;

Q: Does (he) work?

2) takes (+ not) = does not take;

Q: Does (she) take?

3) finds (+ not) = does not find;

Q: Does (Sunil) find?

4) goes (+ not) = does not go;

Q: Does (Sita) go?

h .takes = does take (with not/?)

comes = does come (with not/?)

writes = does write (with not/?)

p[ C E practice .N 1st RDW, 2nd RDW C#N. Eo ]sx 'do', J Eo]sx 'does' Lq C. vh

E# practice .eg:

1. a) 11 .. [ .I go to bed at 11 PM.

b) 11 .. [ .I do not go to bed at 11 PM.

c) O Eo [ ?When do you go to bed?

2. a) [ C.Usha plays well.

b) [].Usha does not play well.

c) [ ?

Does Usha play well?

C u vd .1. a) ] Ch.b) ] C .c) ] Ch?

2. a) x h.b) x .c) x h?

3 a) \ W h.

b) \W .c) \ W h?

4. a) ] O h.b) ] O [.c) O W O p[ h?

5 a) W ] 6 hC.b) W ] 6 ].c) W Eo hC?

6. a) x ] nC.b) x ] n ].c) x ]

nC?

7. a) O W ] .b) O W ].c) O W ] ?

8. a) C x vq C.

b) C x vq x].c) x vq

C?9. a) d.

b) d ].c) ] d?

10. a) vA j [.b) vA j x[.c) vA j] [?

11. a) B .b) B.c) O B , ?

ANSWERS:

1. a) Mr Ananda Rao teaches welb) Mr Ananda Rao does not tea

c) How does Mr Ananda Rao te

2. a) They help others.

b) They do not help others.

c) Do they help others?

3. a) Mr Rao comes here every da

b) Mr Rao does not come here

c) Does Mr Rao come here eve

4. a) We watch the TV for an h

morning.

b) We do not watch TV for an

morning.

c) When do you watch the TV e

5. a) The paper comes every day

b) The paper does not come he

AM.c) When does the paper come

5. a) We get the paper at 6 AM

b) We do not get the paper at 6

c) When do you get the paper?

6. a) They understand his teachin

b) They do not understand hi

well.

c) How well do they understand

ing?

7. a) You read the paper every da

b) You do not read the paper ev

c) What paper do you read eve

8. a) She goes to her friends' on

b) She does not go to her f

Sundays.

c) How often does she go to he

9. a) She likes him.

b) She does not like him.

c) Why does she like him so m

10. a) He goes to Vizag every wee

b) He does not go to Vizag ev

c) Why does he go to Vizag ev

11. a) We take coffee.

b) We do not take coffee.

c) What do you take, coffee or

xxxxxx

M. SURESAN

2

9

: I know you have stolen my book

DE n y h L E .] TL #C LCp[.I knew you had stolen my book.

F h TL E .\[ TL[ . L [.I Knew you stole my book.

] sEo dDE n aF u p.

uEo aI knew you had stolen my book.

\[ [ past ], y J d knew, hadstolen L.Simple Present, Present perfect combina-

tion j. O ] I Know (simple present) you

(present perfect).

simple past, past perfect combi

[, ] u d. u j.eg:

I have just noticed that he has

ed class for the past two days.

have noticed, have attended ent perfect ! [

Nq q Lq #a p[ vh B L.1. I know you've stolen my book.

uEo a?2. I knew you had stolen my book.

3. I Knew you stole my book

4. I have just Know (that) you've stolen

my book.

5. I know (that) you stolen my book

yesterday.

6. I knew that you had stolen my book

yesterday.

j u ] s L. u j ?

simple present present perfectcombination j ? simplepast past perfect j ?simple past simple past j? just recent actions present perfect +present perfect j N J .

. , o, o

vo:

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email: pratibha@ eeemail: pratibha@ eeemail: pratibha@ eeemail: pratibha@ eeemail: pratibha@ eenemail: pratibha@ ee

e does notmove out of homeon sunday

DoesphC?

DoesphC?

DoesphC?

DoesphC?

DoesphC?

DoesphC?


10/90

[

p J, 1stRDW (Regular Doing Words- come, go)

N, 2nd RDW (Regular DoingWords- comes, goes) N [. 1stRDW 'not' E, question F 'do', 2nd RDW 'not' E, question E 'does' hC E o.Ravi: Hello Ramana when did you return

from Vizag?

(, j # p[ AJ a?)

Ramana: I returned yesterday.

(Eo AJ a.)

Ravi: Why did you go to Vizag?(j ] x?)

Ramana: I went there to attend a marriage

the day before.

( Rx u ] o\ x.)

Ravi: How did the marriage go off?

(Rx J TC?)Ramana: Oh, it went off very well.

(Rx J TC.)j E . return (yester-

day), went (day before), went (also day

before) Fo JT .p[ (yesterday, day before) J .past actions ( J T V, , q E #a Lp[) verb - past doing word. Cu [.A

1) He comes here every day.

(vA W) regular action2) I go to movies every sunday.

C regular d 'go'B

1) He came here yesterday.

( Eo a[)(past action , Eo ? Eo E j o d came)

2) He went to a movie last night.

C Eo vA jJ T ]E o d went.

C d [.

Regular actions

(v p J N)Regular Doing Words

I RDW II RDW

(I, We, You & they) (He, She & It)

go goes

see sees

come comes

know knows

tell tells

teach teaches

write writes

sing sings

keep keeps

learn learnswalk walks

Past actions,Time stated

( j J TN)Past Doing Words

went saw

came knew

told taught

wrote sang

kept learnt

walked

C n a English verbs ,Regular Doing Words, Past Doing Words

practice .eg: A[ eat (I RDW), eats (II RDW), ate

(Past Doing Word- PDW).

a [, E[[, EvC [, [, n [, [, [, ]l [[,a[, u [, [, [[,NvA B[, E[, ' [,[[, [ [, d[, E [,[.

o?

Let's go over what we've learnt so far.

a oC J l.am, is, are; was, were; have/has been; shall

be/will be;1st Regular Doing Words (go,

come, walk verbs), 2nd Regular DoingWords (goes, comes, walks verbs)O 'not' , question do, does [[ o.p[ OE E .J/ JC = whoseJ E/ J = whoma) Whose book is this?

C J h?b) Whose is this book?

h JC?c) y JE \ d[?A , B ?

Whom do you like more, A or B?

d) y J [?Whom do you help?

e) ?Whom does she know?

my- ; mine- C.a) C .This is my pen.

b) C.This pen is mine.

our - ; ours - Cyour- F/Oyours- FC/OCThis is my book; Where is yours?

(C h; F\[?)his- E/ EC;her-

\hers- Cher E n C.This is Ramesh's shirt.

C \. C, CE L E 's (Apostrophe- s)[. o J ]h.My father's cloths.

t My mother's jewels

J E E, J C E F p EEnglish 's (apostrophe- s) [. v E i C E 's[. E ] 'of' [.

h @.

The pages of the book (book's- [ []) x.legs of the table (table's p) Doors of the house. v Wheels of the car.p[ [.Ramu: I went to my uncle's place last

evening.

(Eo v u x.)

Raghu: What was the matter?

(]?)Ramu: My cousin returned from the states

the day before. He wanted to see

me.

(o xs J #AJa[. o o[.)

Raghu: I tried to get you over phone this

morning; but your people told me

you were out.( V ]l O . F O x Ep.)

Ramu: Yes, I spent the whole of last night

at my uncle's.

(. Eo v ux o.)

J QLh J L J T J# xx hC. verbs: went (last evening),returned (the day before), wanted (after he

came), tried (this morning), told (this morn-

ing).went, returned, wanted, tried, told - OE past tense . pastverbs- Past Doing Words .

OE u J T , V, q, j E L p[[.

I met him yesterday.

(Eo E o)They lost a lot of money last year.

( q x [s do)

j L past actions ( JT ) past doing words (past sim-ple ) L L. past doing words (pastsimple)

go - went

see - saw

write - wrote

come - came

like - likedtalk - talked

smell - smelt

kill - killed

etc.

OE j L past actions p[ [.1) He comes on time everyday, bu

late yesterday.

(vAW j h[, Eoa[ yesterday - came)

2) My mother goes to bed early

goes). She went late to bed yes

(yesterday E j owent).

3) India became independent in 19

( 1947 yv 4) The movie flopped on the first

release last week (flopped - las

5) She passed Intermediate 2 yea

] #a I & II Regular Do past forms p.

eg: buy/buys (regular) - bought (pa

J T C)sing/sings (regular) - sang (pa

C)OE vd .A[ (Regular), [, [[, [, x[[, [, [[, ][, [Answers:

eat/eats - ate;

buy/buys - bought;

walk/walks - walked;

learn/ learns - learnt;

write/wr ites - wrote;

talk/talks - talked;

shout/shouts - shouted

weep/weeps - wept;

build/builds - built;

dr ink/dr inks - drank;

move/moves - moved;

change/changes- changed

xxxxxx

M. SURESAN

10

3

of

v

vo:present tense, past tens

tense N], T N J .

. ,

: Tx x ] tenses Lq ]. Time of aJ ) d Lq verb form) . p#a Fo tense C #vd .

: (W 28)vJ# voE jC ]. u I have known (that) you've

book.


11/90

[

Sridhar: Where were you last Evening?

(Eo \ [ o?)Srikanth: I was at Sankar's. We spent the

evening together.

( Rxx o.v ]l L o.)

Sridhar: Do you see him everyday?

(W y Eo ?)Srikanth: No. He is out some evenings. He

attends music classes two or three

evenings a week.

(] EoV v

x [[. E [, [ v U a [.)

Sridhar: When did he start learning?

(a [ p[ ] d[?)Srikanth: I don't know. I think he has been

at, is for at least 6 to 7 months

now.

( L]. F [ E O o[ .)

Sridhar: How about a movie tomorrow? Will

you be free?

( E ? yS?)

Srikanth: I will be away tomorrow. I will be

free the day after tomorrow.

( [. x S.)j E .Time d verb forms ? C O friends F, O J x J j practice . p Spoken English Columns #aN O follow , O . ( C x ] OOfriends x practice .)Ramesh: o?Naresh: o, uu. y

o?Ramesh: o. uu.

p[ \ [ o?

Naresh: h ]l Eo h o. J]. Eo AJT a E o.

Ramesh: h ?Naresh: Eo @ .Ramesh: ] o[ E ?Naresh: Cl ] o!Ramesh: F h C ?Naresh: \ ] . ]

h.Ramesh: E [?Naresh: y h?Ramesh: . F EJ.Naresh: (tomorrow begin

.) > D \[ [. \\ [ ?

Ramesh: M]. ] q o?

Naresh: Eo E (want to[).

Answer:

Ramesh: Hi Naresh? How are you?

( J practice)

Naresh: Fine.Thank you. How are you?

Ramesh: Fine too.Thank you.Why are you

here?(How is it you are here?/What brings you

here?/How do I see you here now?- OEon . u practice.)Naresh: I bought some books in this shop

here this morning. One of them is

not in a good condition / is in a bad

condition. I want to return it.

Ramesh: What's (=What is) wrong with the

book?

(What's wrong- C Tx y

[ n: ?, ?,p o?)Naresh: Some pages are missing.

Ramesh: Didn't you (did you not) notice it

this morning when you bought it?

u C [ E, pur-chase(s) past doing word 'purchased' [ C u. E, , buy, buys, bought etc. d. ] purchase [a.I have a few purchases to make.

Eo h L.Oj buy, buys, bought [. C.Naresh: I was in a little hurry

[

Ramesh: Do you read a lot?(Have you/do you have the habit of reading?)

Naresh: Yes, I read a lot. Reading interests

me/ I am interested in reading.

Ramesh: Don't you (Do you not) watch

movies?

(\[ E . h? Do you watch?

[ Do you not watch / Don't youwatch?

Naresh: Do you?

\[ Do you watch movies E JhLq ]. / Do you sea a lot?Ramesh: Oh, yes. I

watch at least

one movie a

week. / I watch

movies at least

once a week.

\[ O LT Oh, yes, Ido. At least once a weak.

E clipped sentences (C # u) [a. I do= I watch.Naresh: Tomorrow is/will be a holiday for

us. My cousin Jagadish also will

be here tomorrow. Where will you

be?

Ramesh: I don't (do not) know. Why do you

want to know?

Naresh: I wish to/want to invite you to my

place.

. Spoken English o Cl

. practice O C

VOCABULARY

Sentence structures vocabulary ( ) L.climb up = \[climb down = C[rush = yy x[/

x[/urgent Ej Hurry up, please = y F.Why are you in a hurry?

] ] F?/ ] [hurry(J) = ]Crawl (v) = [u x E ,

xo v, xN, [x [, x, xEo creep (v vq, vd) [ L E Creep-u, ]n C. = worry (J); [[ =amble ()(camp am L)] = haste (d)

PRONUNCIATION GU

1) English hitting, betting, selming, cunning L

hitting = betting = selling = Lhumming = Ncunning = E,

(d, d, Lx etc [2) Looked, booked, talked, presse

- x #J 'ed'E tLooked= Lookt; talked=talkt etc

xxxxxx

M. SURESAN

11

E

Do you?

!

Do you?

!

Do you?

!

Do you?

!

Do you?

!

Do you?

!

vo: 'She has had this job for the last

one year' , 'She has been this jobfor the last one year' [u N?

N t, N [

: 'She has had this job for the last

one year' o, She has been in this jobfor the last one year' o n . u q ]E] u E n. u E n u q < C.

'She has been this job for the last one year

u d ]. She has been in thisjob L (in L).

vo: Simple present tense subject'ssingular o p[ verb 's' E,

'es'E h. Subject - 'I' op[ verb 's', 'es' a ]?

. ], Cl E

: Simple present Singular sub-jects Eo Verb 's' / 'es'a. IIIPerson singular subjects- He, She, It

v's' / 'es' h.

vo: E h. DEE Tx ?

. v, [

: I will make him / her / them / you

do it.

vo: I got married, I was married [ u j ? ]s uEo TL?

. y, [

: I got married, I was mar

d. n v Cl I got married = xC (

q C N ]

clear ).Ex: I got married (on Monday

year / in 2004 / 22nd June

I was married = DE n

x ]E.

Q: Were you married (at the tim

A: yes, I was married.

O

p Tx O

p Tx, vA >[, j]

# email: pratibha@ eeemail: pratibha@ eeemail: pratibha@ eeemail: pratibha@ eeemail: pratibha@ eeemail: pratibha@ ee


12/90

[

Pranav: How is everybody, Praveen?

(vO! ] o, ?)

Praveen: Not bad, I suppose.How is it with

you?

( oo. yo)

Pranav: Fine.Thank you.

( o)jFo J . O vq,Eo op[ J [ [.Praveen: How about practising the following

exercise? (How about v E English [. exercisepractice l? E n)

Pranav: It suits me fine.

C tAE L E [.Let's (= let us) see what it is.

( l/[F)Exercise -1:

C u xE subject, He/she/It Ja, ] T p N sen-tence practice .eg:

I know the subject well.

( bd )

\ subject 'I'. I ], He/She (\[it j n ] d C.) j Shravan , Anjali . p[ I know the subject well u He/She/Shravan/Anjali knows thesubject well. C.

eg2:

These books give a lot of information.

( h Eo h.) sentence subject 'These books'.

'These books' ] He/She/Jj(Ramu/Sita) / this book/it, subject These books give a lot of information uHe/She/Ram/Sita/This book/ It gives a lot of

information C.p[ \[ #a Eo sentenceE sub-

ject He/She/It/Any name ( uh , h ) d practice .: 'pron' pronunciation E.1. I think I am right.

( j o).2. They help their father quite often.

(x x o [.)pron: often / d

3. My dogs often trouble my neighbours.

( \ x sC [ .)

\[ subject 'My dogs' - DEo OHis/Her/any name d p. 'My dog' p.4. I go to temple on fr idays.

5. Good children always obey their parents.

(Cl j x x parents N .)

pron: obey = [[, N[, N LT

[[.children (plural) - child (singular)

child ] he/she It.6. Do snakes lay eggs?

( [x [?)pron: lay : () = [x N d[

7. These hotels do good business.

do good business = u [[8. Why do students waste time?

(Nu n ] ' h?)9. How well they swim!

(x ] !)

C a u n (exclamation )!. question ].10. Do I look ill?

( u Eho?)11. Where do they work?

(x \[ Eh ? / x u\[?)

12. Do you go to movies often?

(O E h?)13. What do they think of this plan?

(x ] J# o?)14. What do they do in the evenings?

(x v h?)15. Do you like tea? What do they prefer, cof-fee or tea?

(F d? x C \ d, ?)

Answers:

1. He/She/any name thinks he/she is right.

2. He/She/any name helps their/his/her

father quite often.

3. My dog/It/He/She often troubles my/ his/

her neighbours.

4. He/ She/any name goes to temple on fri-

days.

5. He/ She/ A good child/ It/ any name obeys

his/her/its/ any name's parent.

6. Does a snake/It lay eggs?

7. This hotel/It does good business.

8. Why does a student waste his/her/any

name's time?

9. How well he/she /any name/ It ()swims?

10. Does he/she/any name look ill?

11. Where does he/she/any name work?

12. Does he/she/any name go to movies

often?

13. What does he/she/any name think of this

plan?

14. What does he/she/any name do in the

evenings?

15. Does he/she/any name like tea? What

does he/she prefer?

Pranav: Well, how was that exercise?( exercise?)

Praveen: Which exercise do you mean?

( q j J# y x[ o?)

Pranav: The last exercise about rewriting

sentences after changing the sub-

ject?

( ] JC. sentences subject Ja [)

Praveen: It helps us to know when to use

the 1st RDW- Regular Doing

Words (come,

go N),2nd RDW

(comes, goes

N), do,does.

(N 1st RDW, 2nd RDW,do, does N E [)

C vd .

x [ [.turn on the tap/turn the tap on= ] [turn off the tap/turn the tap off= d

[Ram: Turn on the tap please, I need some

water.

(h Ap. Fx L.)Shyam: As soon as you draw enough water,

please turn it off. Don't waste water.

(O Lq Eo Fx Bo . Fx ' .)

\[ draw [.

draw:

1) Fx N [[, ][We draw water from the tap/ the well/ the

river etc.,

2) draw n ] J .t [.Bapu draws beautiful pictures

( ] i t Uh)1st RDW= draw, 2nd RDW = draws, Past

Doing Word = drew.

C English vd .: t U?: : Uh?

: UhC.

A a C. (get : U[ \[ a C?: a C.Answer:

Raghu: Who drew that picture?

Ramu: Lata

Raghu: Does she draw so well?

Ramu: She draws very well. Sh

a prize last week.

(even a prize= A Raghu: Where did she learn it?

Ramu: She learnt it on her own

(on her own = , on my , on their own = xon his own = )

Sx draw B .DE [ n o 3) draw = j \j regular

][. B

I draw milk from this booth.

People of this area draw milk

booth.

4) draw= bank # t B He drew Rs.5000 from the ban

withdraw E a.5) draw= ][

Freedom fighters drew inspira

Gandhi.

yvu ] D .

pron: Inspiration p = 6) ][ = draw infor

The police were unable to draw

tion from the accused.

(M EC # / d .)

accused (ud) = EC [ (d

xxxxxx

M. SURESAN

12

vo: W 24 vA p Tx . , tpj J O [ C u E lish proverb pEE j proverb ]E n saying C

'All lay loads on a willing

. E N

: . Thank you very mN. One is never too old to le j Lq N C p[ d.

O !

p Tx O

p Tx, vA\, [,>[, j]82.# a.

email: pratibha@ eenadu.netemail: pratibha@ eenadu.netemail: pratibha@ eenadu.netemail: pratibha@ eenadu.netemail: pratibha@ eenadu.netemail: pratibha@ eenadu.net

n !

n !

n !

n !

n !


13/90

[

Ajitha: Hi Naresh, how goes Life?

( J x C . Practice [. Dn, o E)

Naresh: No regrets. Getting on.

(] O . J T C.)Ajitha: Did you go through the Eenadu this

morning?

( V ]l [ C ?)Naresh: No, I didn't.What's new?

(]. i N ?)Ajitha: Don't you (Do not you/Do you not)

read the newspaper?

(u ] ?)

Naresh: I do, of course. But this morning Iwas in a hurry.I just ran through the

headlines. My sister reads the

paper in detail.

(] . F ]l N jq v C. x h ] C.)

Ajitha: Does she?

(?) 'do, does, did' . ] OENJ. Sx # ] C u Tx vd .eg:

1)

Pavan: Eo O C?([ happen. what, who y Eo

]sx questions 'do', 'does', 'did'. eg: O J a h? Whogave you the book?)

(What happened to your car yes-

terday?)

Prakash: C J T C.(It broke down yesterday.)

(, v E [- breakdown)

Pavan: C T ?(Does it break down frequently?)

Prakash: ]. Eo v ox T C.(No, it doesn't (does not)).

No T a. clear ,No, it doesn't .No it doesn't breakdown frequently E Jh

pLq E].2)Pradeep: Sreenivas sings well.

(XE [[).Prasanth: Does he?

(?/ [?)\[ does he sing so well E JhLq E].3)

Vinai: She scored the highest marks in last

week's exam.

( K ]J o\ \ a.)

Varun: Did she?

(\[ Did she score... EJh Lq ].)

, ] do, does, did

[a.eg:

1)

Laxman: Did you meet Ram yesterday?

Bharat: Yes, I did.

, Yes I met him .Conversational 'Yes I did' .2)

Divya: Does she sing well?

Deepika: She does, very well.

conversational She does . , Yes, she sings very well.3)

Champa: Do you practice the game regu-larly?

Charan: Oh, yes, I do.

I practice the game regularly E h , 'I do' C.4)

Prameela: Does Kranthi meet you often?

Prasanthi: No, she doesn't (= does not)

\[ answer, 'no' d she doesn't .No, she does not meet me often E Jh \].

5)

Sekhar: Did you talk to Kalyan yesterday?

Chandra: No, I didn't (= did not)

Jh No, I did not talk to him. Lq E].

6)

Mallik: Do you like cricket?

Madhav: No, I don't (= do not)I don't like cricket E Jh \].

C conversation J QL . Do, doesdid am, is, are, was, were xhresponses y a.1)

Padma: Are you a teacher?

(O ?)Prakash: Yes I am. ()

Yes, I am a teacher \].2)

Sita: Is Uma a good singer?

Alivelu: No, she isn't (= is not)

( ])3)

Ramesh: Are you students?

Jagan & Naresh: No, we aren't/yes, we are

(j x 2 No, she is not a good

singer E E, 3 No, we are not studentsE F Jh \]) G y E clippedresponses- C # p] [ . C [.

Govind: I play better than Sachin.

( # [.)Govardhan: Oh, do you? People don't know

that, unfortunately

(, ?vC L],]]'d C )

OJ p[ do, does, did, am, is, are etc...[ C conversation English Ofriends practice :

C [.Krishna: O D ?

(Do you know Hindi?)

Srinivas: M](No, I don't)/

(yes, I do).1)

Pratima: O Nx ?Pratibha: x[ / x[.2)Janaki: Ed? (like [)Jayanthi: d/ ]3)

Shyam: u vAE o.

Sundar: ? C ?4)

Prabhat: Eo x[ (go /leave [)

Praveen: ? ]?5)

Sukumar: v] v hpC (best [)

Suman: ? C?Sukumar: N[

Suman: C p M]

of the hottest E v 6)

Madan: y # E(seem; a good fellow [

Manoj: ? C F # 7)

Mukund: x B ?Murari: / .8)

Nelson: h O?Neeraj: . Fo / .9)

Taruni: O O Jq hSania: h/ [.Taruni: N h .Sania: /] ('are' [)10)

Bhaskar: Rx\[ x? (weBhanu: /] (were L11)

Teacher: vo d?Pupil: /] (is L)

Answers:

1)

Pratima: Do you speak Tamil?

Pratibha: Yes, I do / No, I don't.

2)

Janaki: Does Venu like Tennis?

Jayanthi: Yes, he does / No, he do

3)

Shyam: I want to become the C

Sundar: Oh, do you? Is that eno

4)

Prabhat: Kamal left for/went to

yesterday

Praveen: Did he? Why?

5)

Sukumar: Our city is the best in A

Suman: Oh, is it? which city is

Sukumar: Vijayawada

Suman: I don't know whethe

best, but I know it is

hottest places.

6)

Madan: You seem/appear to be a

low

Manoj: Do I? That's because of y

ness.

7)

Mukund: Are they Indians?

Murari: No, they aren't / yes, th

8)

Nelson: Are these books your's?

Neeraj: Yes, they are all mine

aren't. (= are not)

9)

Taruni: Do you watch TV serials?

Sania: Yes, I do / No, I don't (=do

Taruni: Are they interesting?

Sania: Yes, they are / No, they a

10)

Bhaskar: Were they here?

Bhanu: Yes, they were / No, the

11)

Teacher: Is this question difficult?

Pupil: Yes, it is / No it isn't

xxxxxx

M. SURESAN

13

]

vo: 'Best' ] First, second, next T a?

>.N.XN,

: 'First best' E . ] ,'best' first C. next best,second best, third best... a.

vo: Interrogative sentences helpingverbs T p[ was did ] sx L?C ux C j .1) What was he do?

2) What did he do?

.j.., qd

: ] u d ]. wasy, 'be' form y , do,go, come, walk 1st RDW (1stRegular Doing Words) . \[ wasdo C English ]. u 'Whatdid he do?' d. \[ verb:did do = did.Answer: He played / sang; He did not do

anything a.

vo: This stone was laid by somebody u 'laid' J# N J . lying , lie verbs, laid verb present, past,past participle .

X, v

: This stone was laid by somebody\[ stone C . ,Dams, GLf q Et vG p[ VIP C [ / n [.The CM laid the foundation stone for the

bridge.

(u vA C / n .)lie(present tense) (]l p[), lied(pasttense), lied(past participle).

lie (present) ([ [, NvA B [...), lay (past), laim(past participle).lay (present) ([, [xd[, n [), laid(past), laid (past participle).

Jh.... p\x]!


14/90

[

Venkat: Someone wants to see you.

( NtLo o.)Venu: Let him come in. (L t.)Venkat: He wants to talk you sir.

( O x o.)Venu: Ok, what does he want to talk to me?

(, x o?)

Venkat: I do not know.

( L].)Venu: Ok, let him talk. First of all let him

come in.

(, E x[F. ]L F.)

j let [ E. DEo y [ .

English I RDW (Regular Doing Words-go, come verbs) not questionsp[ 'do'; II RDW (goes, comes verbs) questions 'not' p['does'; Past Doing Words (PDW- went, came

verbs) 'not' questions p[ 'did' h ]E o. Eo ] sx what, who y do, does,did N E E L.

eg:

1) What gives light and heat to the

world?

(vE , E aC C?)2) What happened yesterday?

(Eo J TC?) [ ux what y does

give E E, did happen E F. , 'who' y .eg:

1) Who knows the answer?

( J ? 'Whodoes know?' .)

2) Who gave you the book last night?

(Eo vA F h Ja? Who did give you? .)

practice .Ram: Eo J TC?Rahim: j T C

(break down [.)(break down , K, , jv T[)

Ram: T ?Rahim:

], ]. Eo v J TC.Ram: Eo J ?Rahim: ]_x o E.

(nearby= ]_o)Ram: y wj h?Rahim: h.Ram: F wjo? y wj

h?Rahim: wj [. wj h.

Ram:

y wj h?(Good at

driving/well [ [)Rahim: y h h? ,

h ] l.(, x x[ ride)

Answer:

Ram: What happened yesterday?

Rahim: My car broke down.

Ram: Does it breakdown often?

Rahim: No. It doesn't usually. Only yester-

day.

Ram: Who repaired it?

Rahim: A nearby mechanic.

Ram: Do you drive?

Rahim: Oh, Yes, I do.

Ram: Have you/ Do you have a driver, or

do you drive it yourself?

Rahim: I don't have a driver. I drive it

myself.

Ram: Do you drive well? / Are you good

at driving?

Rahim: (Do you) Want to see how I drive?

Come, let's have a ride.

\[ 'let' T# [. ]sx 'let' j E lE # [.

eg:

1) E ].Let's (= Let us) go to a movie

2) h Let's have Coffee

3) ].Let's go home

4) Tx x[ Let us (Let's) converse in Englis

5) Tx aLet's (Let us) learn English.

II.

'Let' n Ey[Ey (= tA [1) E \ F.

Let him come here

2) x xF.Let them go

3) o x[F.Let me talk

4) N [ [F.Let her sing

5) o NF.Let me hear

III.

Let n tA [ (a1) SxE \ F

I don't let him come here again.

2) E j d EyDon't let him waste time/ Let him

time.

3) DEo L EyDon't let him know it / Let him n

4) N [ E x[Ey

Don't let him talk to her.5) E \[ [Ey

Don't let him stay here/ Let him

here.

6) x x[EyWe don't let children talk.

u Eo let ahC .

M. SU

v

vo: Being passivevoice [. F He is beingdifficult u being N ] L .Actuallybeing y verb past participle L ! being ] s

[ L . . p, o

: He is being difficult- p[ u o[ E n. \['is being' p[ [[ (continu-ous), is being y past participle C passive voice C.The letter is being written ([C I am/We are writing the letter pas-sive). is being \ difficult L N xoE n.I am being good to you.

F x # o (p[).He is being harsh.

[ J o[ E n.vo: u v J#

What will you be?

Where will you be?

What will your plan be?

How will your plan be?

E vo u L. vobd ] will be/ shall be/ canbe/ may be [] ! F O p Tx What will be yourplan? E C p !p v v L .

xV 'dU b, E[]

: What will be your plan? d. O j. what v G vo Eo ] sx will be,shall be L h. N 'what ques-tions' v. What will yourplan be? [ d. \ What

will be your plan? .vo: having ] sx [

? ] #a p[ verb past participle ? N J .

N ,

: I, We, You, They have. He, She, It has .a) I/We/You/My friends (they) have the

book.

b) My friend (He/She) has the book.

c) The fan (It) has three blades.

have/has [ n:

1. j J[[ (LT [[).j ux have n .

2. A[, [ ()a) I have coffee in the mornings.

( ] B .)b) My mother has breakfast at 8 AM.

(t ] EN C vdhC.)

am having, is having, are ha

A[, B[ nE LT [[ n [.I am having a car o NK n hC. C E I have a c o [, o.My friend has a son and a daug

My friend is having a son and a

a NK n oE !d x am having / are having [.I am having tea, because coff

available. \[ am having corre( ] d o)She is having a beautiful neckla

C j [. ] . A]. d she has anecklace L.having CN ux Jal

xxxxxx 14

Let's go to a movie

F...F... h F!!F...F... h F!!F...F... h F!!F...F... h F!!F...F... h F!!F...F... h F!!F...F... h F!!F...F... h F!!F...F... h F!!F...F... h F!!


15/90

[

Murali: Hi Sravanthi, keeping well?

(vB, o?)C J. O conversation [.

Sravanthi: I am, of course.How about you?

( . F A?)(How about you?= F A)

Murali: I am OK. I saw you at the park

last evening.

( o. Eo v Eo \ .)

Sravanthi: But I didn't (= did not) see you.

Why didn't you (= did you not)

talk to me.

( Eo []. ] x[]?)

Murali: I had a call from home. My

mother wanted me immediate-

ly. So I rushed home.

( # #aC.t o tC. x.)

Sravanthi: I stayed at with my friend

Sudha till 7 PM.

( o ] vA 7 \ o.)

conversation verbs- saw, had, want-ed, rushed and stayed. Questions #a p[ did see, did talk [ E . verbs Past Doing Words . N L ( V, q, , C N )J T J# . ESx J ha .

Past doing Words J Eo [.

Regular Doing Past Doing

Words Words

Come, Comes Came

Sing, Sings Sang

Like, Likes Liked

Talk, Talks Talked

Smell, Smells Smelt

Regular Doing Words not questions do, does h.come - not / question do comecomes - not / question does come

Walk - not / question do walkWalks - not / question does walk(For Regular actions)

Past Doing Words (came, walked,talked, sang, stood verbs) not ,question 'did' hC. (Sx h .j L past action Past Doing Word[.)He sang well yesterday.

(Eo [)Eo [] ( not )He did not sing well yesterday.

'did' not [ E .Eo ? (C question)Did he sing well yesterday?

\[ question 'did' [ E.Eo [?How did he sing?

p[ [?When did he sing?

d h Lq NPast Doing Word (past simple form) not E, question F did + 1st RegularDoing Word C.

He sang well yesterday.

a) He did not sing well yesterday.

b) Did he sing well yesterday?

sang + not/? = did sing

C u Tx practice .eg: Eo \a[.He came here yesterday.

Eo \ ].He did not come here yesterday.

Eo \ a?Did he come here yesterday?

1.a) J RxC.b) J x].c) J Rx?

2. a) q vU Jh [.b) q vU Jh

].c) vU p[ Jh [?

3. a) ] C vu.

b) ] C v].

c) ] C v u?

4. a) Eo y E o.b) Eo y E ].c) Eo y E ]

o?5.a) x \ a.

b) x \ ].

c) x \ p[ a?

d) x \ ] a?e) x\ ] ]?

6.a) ] x v (ago) o.

b) ] x v ].

c) y p[ o?d) p[ F pC?e) p[ F o p?

7.a) Eo Fo ]l .b) Eo Fo ]l ].c) O Eo Fo ]l ?d) O Eo Fo ] ]l

]?e) O Eo Fo ] ]l

?8. a) q x C.

b) q x ] ].

c) y \[ C?

d) y x C?9. a) Eo E x.

b) Eo E x].c) y Eo E x?d) Eo E x?e) Eo y E ] x?f) Eo E x?

10. a) o[.b) ].c) o?d) o[?

Answers:

1.a) She went to / left for the US last Week.

b) She did not go to / leave for the US last

Week.

c) Did she go to / leave for the US?

2.a) He completed (his) degree last year.

b) He did not complete (his) degree last

year.

c) When did he complete (his) degree?

\[ 'Complete' ], 'take', 'pass' practice .

3.a) The classes began at 10 AM.

b) The classes did not begin at 10 AM.

c) Did the classes begin at 10 AM.?

4.a) You met him yesterday.

b) You did not meet him yesterday.

c) Why did you meet him yesterday?

5.a) They came here last week.

b) They did not come here last

c) When did they come here lasd) Why did they come here last

e) Why didn't they come here la

(didn't they = did they not / did

6.a) I met her first (for the first

years ago (back ]).b) I did not meet her four years

c) When did you meet her?

d) What did she tell you / say to

e) Did she tell you / say anythin

7. a) We made all these ready yes

b) We did not make all these r

terday.

c) Did you make all

these ready yes-

terday?

d) Why didn't you

(did you not / did

not you) make all

these ready yes-

terday?

e) Why did you

make all these ready yesterd

8. a) I studied in Nellore last year.

b) I did not study in Nellore last

c) Where did you study?

d) Did you study in Nellore?

9.a) I went to a movie yesterday.

b) I did not go to a movie yeste

c) Did you go to a movie yester

d) Did I go to a movie yesterday

e) Why did you go to a movie yf) Which movie did I go to, yes

10.a) Hemant bought a car last w

b) Hemant did not buy a car la

c) Did Hemant buy a car last w

d) Which car did Hemant buy (la

d past actions, time stated ( J T) Past Doing Wsang, wrote N) [. questions did + 1st Regular D[.

M. SU

C

xxxxxx 15

ow about you

vo: Standard English v v[ h L.

X]

: pp number [ J Vx x ] , STTrunk booking op[ uh (Particular Person -PG uh #a x E E CONTACT NUMBER- E n.

JTO... EO!JTO... EO!JTO... EO!JTO... EO!


16/90

[

Prasanthi: Hi Preethi, where were you yes-

terday?

(vA, Eo y \[ o?)Preethi: I went to Ameerpet to see my

cousin Prema.

( cousin Prema [ EAmeerpet x.)Prasanthi: I called you yesterday to ask you

for some books.Why is Prema in

Hyderabad now?

(Eo h [ E Eo F . v j] ] C?)

Preethi: To join a software institute here.

(\[ software institute E)

Prasanthi: Which institute does she want to

study in?

( d u ] C?)

Preethi: I don't know.To learn software in

some good place is all that she

wants.

(M]. Lq ]x # institute softwarea[)

j to see, to ask, to join, to learno E .Fo o?Toy 1st Regular Doing Words (see, ask,join, learn) ho . OE infinitives.English infinitive vu C.Infinitive J Eo

to eat

to smoke

to buy

to sell etc.

Infinitive [ n [. j O E .

l (purpose) L [.a) Students go to college to study.

(] E)b) Suseela came here to join a college.

(college E)

c) He went out an hour ago to buy vegeta-bles. ( E)

Want, wish, hope, expect, desire J

L verbs \ infinitive h E n hC.a) She wants to sing.

(E C.)b) He wishes to go home.

( xE o[.)

c) They hope to pass.

(pass yE/ E P ho.)d) Kamala expects to get a prize.

(wj ] E C.) [, (to write), A[ (to eat) etc

infinitive L hC.a) To sit in the class for five hours a day is

not a joke.(] x a[ ].)

b) To drive a car in such traffic is difficult.

( traffic car drive [ d.)c) To smoke is bad for health.

( a[ u E E.) n ([, A[ ) #a

p[ infinitive ] 'ing' from (eating,smoking, etc) [a. n ].

a) To sit in the class for five hours is not a

joke.

Sitting in the class for five hours is not a

joke (to sit - sitting).

b) To drive a car is difficult.

Driving a car is difficult

c) To smoke is bad for health.

Smoking is bad for health.

C u English practice .1) x o.2) E C.3) vA NuJn best college

[.

4) TE [E Eo vAx.

5) ] [ E W s [.

6) v ] [v d ].

7) ] [[ ].8) [ Eo Jd

x a Ecollege x].

9)


17/90

[

Bhaskar: Hi, Bhanu.What are you doing?

( ho)Bhanu: Don't you see? I am preparing for

an exam.

([[ ? K v o)Bhaskar: Oh, are you? Where is your

brother?

(, O v] \[?)Bhanu: He is getting ready to go to college

( x E ]l o[)Bhaskar: And What about your parents?

(J O Lx] v[ ?)Bhanu: They are watching the T.V.

(x O ho.)

'What about', 'How about' ? ] [ . practice .a) How about my money?

[s ?b)What about that book?

h ?c) How about a movie this evening?

v E?d)What about the dinner you promised me?

ho o N ?j are doing, am preparing, is

getting, are watching - verbs E .O : am + ...ing, is + ... ing, are + ...ing. form J Eo verbs.am studying / is studying / are studying

am walking / is walking / are walking

am singing / is singing / are singing

am working / is working / are working

am + ing, is + ing, are + ing verb forms(present continuous / present progressive

tense ) p[ o L h. 'I' am + ing, he, she ( j sin-gular ), it ( hj, j singular ) is + ing, plural subjects Eo, you are +ing h.a) I am watching the T.V.

O h o (p[).b) My mother is cooking.

t hC (p[).c) Kumar is not studying.

] [ ] (p[).d)What is your father doing?

O o ho (p[).e)Where is he going?

\ o[ (p[).f) Are you threatening me?

o CJho? (p[).g) She is not dancing well.

u [ ] (p[).h) Am I troubling you?

NtLo sC [ o?(p[).i)Why aren't they (are they not) coming?

x ] [] (p[).j) You are wasting time.

y j ' ho (p[).am + ing, is + ing, are + ing verbs p[

o [. C EEnglish G_ practice .Aruna: ! ho?Amala: vo ho.Aruna: Eo disturb ho?Amala: ]. TV o disturb hC.Aruna: ho?Amala: t h] .

Aruna: O brother h o[.Amala: [ ho?

Aruna: . O t p[ C C.Amala: dE ] .

(I think begin ) broth-er english movie ho[ .

Aruna: ]. english movie [[ ]. serial h o[.

Answers:

Aruna: Hi, Amala, what are you doing?

Amala: I am writing answers to these ques-

tions.

Aruna: Am I disturbing you?

Amala: Not at all. ( expression practice O x [. ], ], ] E n) The TV isdis-turbing me.

Aruna: Who is watching the TV?

Amala: I think my mother is watching the TVAruna: Your brother is also watching.

Amala: Is he also watching?

Aruna: Yes, but your mother is going into

the kitchen.

Amala: I think she is going to make tea for

us. I think my brother is watching anEnglish movie.

Aruna: No. He is watching a Telugu serial.

ui N

1. am + ing, is + ing, are + ing - verbsp[ o v [.v pE, p[ J , O

, Regular Doing Words (go, goes,come, comes, sing, sings verbs)

v [. Every day, very often, fre-quent, rarely, never, once, twice, threetimes etc., a day, a week, a month etc.

( regularityE # [[o.)2. am + ing, is + ing, are + ing, j Lh

j, V, , q,Eo V, N Lh [a.a) j] o

(I am leaving for Hyderabad tomorrow.\[ tomorrow E p[ x futureaction [ o. tomorrow ' Iam leaving for Hyderabad' p[o E n.)

b) \ a \ h

My sister is coming here next wc) x [ [ Vx

They are buying a car in two or t

d) a J Sumanth is leaving for the US n

(future will, shall [a. #a L p[, JE #aam + ing/ is + ing/ are + ing \.) C E English practicea) [ \[ h o[.b) l o.c) a n d \[ [

[ C.d) a ho?e) dE p[ qd ho?f) a \ x[ ].

. (j =week afte

g) vA vGbE v Ghtion).

h) E Jq C Vx LhC (N[ ] = release).i) x AJT h.j) .

Answers:

a) He is coming here tomorrow.

b)We are starting/leaving in half a

c) The Pak team is playing two ma

next week.

d)Who is coming next week?

e)When are you consulting the do

f) I am not going there next week.

there the week after next.

g) The minister is inaugurating t

tomorrow.

h) The University is releasing the

ten days.

i) They are returning within a week

j) I am meeting the CM tomorrow.

M. SURESAN

:O sentences ] C'...complained that... is not consulting'

d ]. O #a j.\[ 'is' ], 'was' L. complain p y consult [ p[ a. _ 'complained' ] 'has com-plained' E h, 'is not consulting'

d n hC. x O Sentence No (2) d. \[reporting verb, 'has said' present perfect

tense d, will d. '...Naidu said'E vGh p[ 'would' correct.Sentence No. 3: '... contradicted... dis-

obeying' d ]. 'was obeying' EL. Uma Bharathi has con-tradicted E present perfect tense

'is disobeying' correct.Sentence 4: '... only NDA could' EL. \[ '... only NDA can' p.Sentence 5: '... Naidu said that only sec-

ular parties will play' p. 'Would play'correct.

Sentence 6: '... Reddy said, ... are being

taken up' J ]. 'were being taken up'correct. \[ '...Reddy has said'

E Jh (said ]), being taken up' d. N Direct speech commas verbs-ask, question Everbs . Inverted comm verbs Reported verbReporting verbs present tense

Indirect speech Ja p[,verbs tense a [].a) "They play well," says Ram t

\[ Quotations overb 'says' present tens

Quotations o repo'play' tense a []. DEspeech-

Ram says to (tells) Rahim that

well.

"They play well," saRahim o sentence Repo'said' past tense. p[ quoto play reported verb p pEJ aL. DEspeech-

Ram told Rahim that they playe

All India Radio News N op[ Eo L. C u j Ba .1. The Nationalist Congress party headed by Mr. Sarad

Pawar complained that the congress is not consulting its

constituent parties on important issues.

2. The BJP president Mr.Venkaiah Naidu has said that BJP

will not support Congress at the centre.

3. However, Miss Umabharati contradicted the rumour that

she is disobeying the party rules.

4. The PM Vajpayee said only NDA can provide stability to

the country.5. The TDP supremo Chandrababu Naidu said that only

secular parties will play a major role in the elections.

6. The Municipal Commissioner Mr. Raghu Rami reddy said

immediate measures are being taken up to provide drink-

ing water to the residents of Kurnool.

N News reader ] o J T . d C Indirect Speech.

] u is not consulting ] was not consult-ing E, u will not support ] would notsupport E, u measures are being taken up] measure were being taken up E L . News reader ] ] ]? v hx IndirectSpeech E v present continuous pastcontinuous

,will + present verb

would + present verb

aL ! F News ] Ja ] n]. ] Ba .

, v (xCo)

vo:

xxxxxx 17

p[... !!


18/90

[

Mohan: Hi, Manoj, How are you getting

along?

( , o?)C J. practice [O xManoj: Fine.Thank you. How are you?

( o. y o?)Mohan: Ok too. I am going to a movie. Why

don't you come along?

( Eo. y a !)

Manoj: Like to. But I am going for a walk now.

This is the time when I go for walk

every day.

( C. F p[ o. W j

)Mohan: Do you walk everyday along this

road?

(V h?)Manoj: No. Usually I walk along the college

road, but now I am walking along

this road because that road is under

repair.

(]. . t ho.)

Mohan: So long ( bye O\) see you. (Sx )

Manoj: Bye (j)

am going, go; walk, amwalking E. 1st

Regular Doing words (1st RDWs- go, walk

verbs), 2nd Regular Doing Words (2ndRDWs- goes, walks verbs) v p J [. am+ing/ is+ing/are+ing p[ o [.a) I take coffee (take 1st RDW).

( B Regular- vA VC )b) I am taking coffee.

(am + ing - p[ coffee B o.)c) She goes to college at 10 AM.

(goes- 2nd RDW- ] 10 C W)

d) She is going to college.(is going - is+ing - p[ C.)e) They come here on sundays.

(come - 1st RDW C vA C Regular J C C x \ h.)f) They are coming.

(are + ing - x p[ h o.) English u. Regular

actions am + ing, is + ing, are + ing verbs(present continuous tense) p[ . hC p. h L.Regular actions Regular Doing Words(come, comes, take, takes N) h.

Ep[ B o \[ coffee [] d.a) Mr.Sen teaches English.

( p[ English C h[. English lecturer/teacher L/ ya)

b) Mr. Sen is teaching English

( p[ English o[.) English u.c) Dogs bark.

(\ p[ C j.)d) Dogs are barking.

(\ p[ o hx, #a L) C u English G_ prac-tice .a) p[ punctual h[. V

v h u ho[.b) x ] .

V v u@ (some other

magazine [) ] o.

c) y ] j waste h? p ]ho?d) vA V j y \ ?

\ o?e) u ] ? p[ u

] o?f) vA B A ? V

o (rice) A o?g) [ C vqE [. V

o[.

h) p[ [ C. p[v D [ C.i) [. p[ o[

('take' [).j) x[[. p[x[ o[.

Answers:

a) He comes punctually (always/usually). He

is coming late only today.

b) They usually read India Today, but now

they are reading some

other magazine.

c)Why do you waste

time? Why are you

wasting time?

d)Where do you go at

this time every day?

Where are you going?

e)What news paper do

you read? What news paper are you read-

ing?

f)You usually take chapathis at night. Why

are you taking rice (now)?

g) He does not meet his friends on sundays,

but he is meeting them today.

h) She always sings Telugu songs, but she is

now singing a Hindi song.

i) He doesn't take (does not take) coffee. He

is taking it now.

j) He doesn't (does not) usually talk to her,

but he is talking to her.

u

Eo verbs am + ing/ is + ing/ [. am + ing/ are + ingverb op[ p[ [. Eo verbs verbs p E p[ am + ing/ is + ing/ are + ing forms

] ] Regular Doing Wloves, etc.) form .

am + ing/ is + ing/ are + ing from

verbs C # L verbs-1) like (d[[) -am liking, is liki

ing [. N Lq [.

Kumar likes that shirt very mu

d[[ pj Kumar isshirt .2) dislike (d [)

They dislike his class.

x x p[ d . are disliking, is disdislikingo forms . N p. dislike, dislikes E .N Eo verbs, (am + ingare + ing) [EN.3) love - love, loves, (am/ is/ a

])4) hate - hate, hates (am/ is/ a

])5) hope - hope, hopes (am/ is/ a

])6) want - want, wants (am/ is/ a

])7) wish - wish, wishes (am/ is/ a

])8) desire - desire, desires (am/ is/

ing ])9) envy - envy, envies(am/ is/ ar

])10) feel (Eo ]sx) feel, fee

are feeling ]).

M. SURESAN

E

xxxxxx 18

am taking offee

p o...p o...p o...p o...p o...

: He was not come yesterday d]. Tx p[ 'be' forms (am, is ,are , was, were, etc.) y come,go, 1st Regular Doing Words .d He was not come p.He did not

come L. AE [], #a []

( p[).\[ p[ When I looked

for him/her She had not eaten;

She had not come a. hadeaten, had come had + pp formsp[ ] sEo vh E L.

When I went for him, he was not at

home- d. He was not complet-ed the work o sentence d ].E n ]. He had not completedL. She had not completedL. y ux DE J# JN C.

vo: Leave letter p[ As I amsuffering from fever u as ] since [a?

O], [,

: 'since' 'as' ]

[ because ]s ] E n.vo: How long-

] o [ n aL?: v t o[?

. yN

: vo j u o o vo j E].

Eo #a [] E Hewas not come yesterday a? Rx p[ ]l E Tx He was not athome, when I went for him E. T p[ [EE Jh [] E p EHe was not completed the work yet

when I ask him E pa? AE[]. #a [] ( p[). E Jh [] (Rx p[). Tx

pL.

. , o

vo:


19/90

[

Durga: Look at Leela's dress. Isn't it (= Is it

not) really wonderful?

(M v [, C !)Valli: Ok I like it really. In fact, I wish now to

buy one such dress for myself.

( #aC. p v E C.)

Durga: Renuka too likes it. I desire one like

that too. I feel like buying it, but I

haven't (= do not have) the money.

( v d[C. E C. p EhC. F [s ].) feellike +...ing = j E [.

feel like going to bed = Ev] EhC)

Valli: I really envy Leela for the dress.

( M v {u C.Envy = {u/{u [[)

like, wish, desire, have,envy, feel - verbs Fo p[ oN o. p[ J N L verbs p[ am + ing, is + ing,are + ing form (present continuous) E o. p j E

verbs- like, wish N , C # verbs Eo d, verbs am + ing/ is + ing/ are + ing [. ] sx Regular DoingWords (like, likes, wish, wishes, desire,

desires, envy, envies) [. verbs J Eodislike, love, hate, hope, want, appreciate

(J{ [), admire (a[) Eo ]

sx feel, (feel AE, pzL p[) prefer -Op[ am + ing, is + ing, are + ing [ N #a hdL.a) E vN hC.

She loves him.

(She is loving him ]. vN [ p[o .)

b) x E P ho.They hope to pass.

(They are hoping to pass ]. xP[ p )

j list N verbs rule.Actions of the mind ( , Cl

C # u) L verbs am +ing, is + ing, are + ing form ]. N

1) know = L[2) understand = n [3) remember = c [4) forget = # [5) decide = Eg[6) doubt = [7) think = # [8) suppose = [9) believe = t[

10) imagine = [ ( am/ is/ are ])

verbs Fo am + ing, is + ing, are+ ing form [.x l o.They understand my words. (They are under-

standing my words ])am/ is/ are understanding ]. hC.He still remembers my name. (He is still

remembering my name

) j list oN verbs am+ ing, is + ing, are + ing

form [.a) Qo h

o?DEo English ? \['doubt' L . am doubting/ isdoubting/ are doubting . 'doubt'question L. do L. dsentence-

Do you doubt my character ?

(Are you doubting my character ].)b) O D ?

Do you know Hindi? (Are you knowing

].)c) [ on [ ].

He is not understanding me [].] am/ is/ are + understandingEnglish ] d. ? He doesnot understand (= understand + not) me.

d) y o?What do you think?

(What are you thinking .)

u N

j p verbs N liking, loving,thinking, understanding etc. 'ing' forms ] sEo d [a.

[ [EC: 'ing' forms ], am, is,are a[. knowing - ] sEo d [

a. Am/ is/ are + knowing [.

am/ is/ are understanding p[ ]. N N.am + ing, is + ing, are + ing forms [EJ Eo verbs o. N ], C u English G_ practice.1. Eo \ n o[.2. J# [ o[? (think

[)3. y d d[ o?4. h [ ]. (remem-

ber) [.5. Eo N Jao?

(why v G )6. E y ] Eho?7. \[ ] E[ ]. (feel like

= E [)8. [ o J n [ ].9. p[ xE ?

(think [).10. ] J pE o?

(suppose T .)11. F v h a[ ]. (dislike

[.)12. y t[ ? (believe/

doubt) [)13. y o ]d[ o?

(prefer [)14. F F JnA L[ ] (know

T .)15. J x yho?

Answers:

1. He understands the lesson well.

2. What does he think of himself? ( is think-

ing ] !)3. Do you like (are you liking ) the coffee

in this restaurant?

4. I don't (= do not) reme

spoken english prathibha 2005

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