special education in context

"Special education is not an island. It is merely asubsystem within the larger system of public education

--Skrtic

values undertaking

basic terminology

Student FIRST

language

Exceptionality

Presented by: Brent Daigle, Ph.D.

basic terminologyDisability

basic terminology

Handicap


basic terminology

Developmental Delay

basic terminologyAt Risk


special education


medical vs. educational category

1) Autism

2) Deaf or blindness

3) Developmental delays

4) Emotional disturbance

5) Hearing impairments

6) Mental retardation

7) multiple disabilities

8) orthopedic impairments

9) other health impairments

10) specific learning disabilities

11) speech/language impairments

12) traumatic brain injury

13) visual impairments


quick facts2x’s as many males than females

more each year (‘76) autism

sped = 12% gen pop ages 6-17 3 out of 4 = ld or speech

over-representation

wild boy of aveyron


wild boy of aveyron

1797


1800’s: normalizationfirst school : france & nyc

The Moral Treatment, Hygiene, and Education of Idiots and

Other Backward Children

individualized instruction

sequence educational tasks

stimulation of senses

arranged environment

reward correct performance

functional skills

educated to greatest extent


1800’s: normalizationwork for the blind

Perkins institution & Ma asylum for the blind

Ma school for idiotic children

We should be cautious about establishing such artificial communities...for any children and youth; but more especially should we avoid them for those who have natural

infirmity...Such persons spring up sporadically in the community, and they should be kept diffused among sound and normal persons...Surround insane and excitable persons with

sane people and ordinary influences; vicious children with virtuous people and virtuous influences; blind children with those who see; mute children with those who speak; and

the like..."


1800’s: normalization

Hartford School for the Deaf(American School for the Deaf)


early 19th century public schools

sporadic

post WWIIrapid expansion

1947-1972: 716% increase


Brown v. Board of Education

Brown v. Board of Education

1954

“In these days, it is

doubtful that any

child may reasonably

be expected to succeed

in life if he is

denied the opportunity

of an education. Such

an opportunity, where

the state has

undertaken to provide

it, is a right that

must be available to

all on equal terms.”-Chief Justice Earl Warren-

Individuals with Disabilities Education Improvement Act

(2004)

federal mandateEducation of All Handicapped Children Act (1975)

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (1990)

No Child Left Behind Act (2001)


collaboration


chapter summarytermshistorycurrent trends
