Spain: occupation and liberationNapoleon, the War of Independence and the political revolution of the 19th century in Spain

1. Napoleon’s occupation of Spain

- 1807 Treaty of Fontainebleau French troops entered Spain to conquer Portugal.- French army occupied Spain- Carlos IV and his son, Fernando, renounced their rights to the Spanish throne Napoleon- Joseph Bonaparte king in 1808

2. The Spanish War of Independence

- 2 May 1808, Madrid population rose up against the invaders War

- Processes during war- War itself

- Political revolution

2.1 The War- Battle of Bailén, victory for Spain- Napoleón controlled the Peninsula- Guerrillas- Duke of Wellington led British Army- Defeat of the French in 1813

2.2 The political revolutionTwo separate governments

Joseph Bonaparte● Bayonne Constitution

(enlightened reforms, equality)

● Few supporters, afrancesados

● Most of the population rejected his authority

The Central Council● Areas not controlled by the

French. Cádiz● Elected by Spaniards● Represented absent

Fernando● Regency Council in 1810

The Cortes of Cádiz and the Constitution of 181219 March 18121. Constitutional monarchy2. Popular sovereignty3. Limited male suffrage4. Separation of powers5. Guaranteed rights and freedoms