Space Travelling

Around Universe

Made by Misha Buryak

Glossary What is space? Solar system Moon Sun Rocky and gas planets Star Constellations Galaxy

Glossary

asteroid-астероид the solar system- солнечная система spacecraft- космический корабль meteorite- метеор space- космос surface- поверхность fiery- огненный galaxy- галактика spin-вращаться pattern- образец, модель manage- управлять

Space is the near emptiness surrounding Earth. It stretches farther than astronomers can see, evens with their most powerful telescopes. In space, there are stars, moons, galaxies, and planets and stars, there are tiny bits of dust and gas. There may also be other things waiting to be discovered. Everything in space is part of the universe.

Fact fileScientists think that the universe was formed about 10 to 20 billion years ago. These pictures show you what may have happened

The solar system is the name given to the sun and all the objects in space that travel around it. In the solar system, there are nine planets and their moons, comets, and chunks of rock called asteroids and meteoroids. The planets lie huge distance apart and take different lengths of time to travel around the sun. The time it takes for a planet to circle the sun once is called its year. The planets also spin around like tops. The time it takes for a planet to spin around once its day.

The sun is at the center of the solar system. Its so large that it is more than 100 times wider than Earth.

Mercury Is the fastest planet to travel around the sun. It takes 88 Earth days to make on complete circle.

Venus is the slowest spinning planet. It takes 243 times longer than Earth to spin around once.

The moon is ball of rock that circles around Earth about once every 27 days. The same side of the, called the nearside, always faces Earth. The other side, called the farside, is hidden from Earth. The moon is the only place in space that astronauts have visited. Twelve astronauts have landed there to explore its surface and bring back rocks. They discovered that the moon was dry and dusty and that nothing lived there.

In the sunlight, the moon is twice as hot as the hottest desert on the Earth, but in the dark, it is almost twice as cold as the coldest place on Earth.

In 1959, a Russian spacecraft called Luna 3 sent the first pictures of the farside of the moon back to Earth.

The moon is bigger than the smallest planet, which is Pluto.

The sun is a huge fiery ball of gas that glows in the sky. It is the closest star to Earth. Like all stars, the sun gives out energy as heat and light. Much of this is lost in space but some of it reaches Earth. Without heart and light, Earth would be dark and cold and nothing could live here.

Sunspot-Dark spots on the sun that cooler than the rest of the sun surface.

Light from the sun travels almost 93 million miles (150 million km) to reach Earth. It would take a car over 200 years to travel this far, but it takes light only eight minutes.

An ancient Chinese legend explained an eclipse as a dragon eating the sun.

The sun spins around once every 27 days.

A rocky planet is made up of rock and metal. It has a rocky surface with a metal core. The four planets nearest the sun, which are Mercury, Venus, Earth, and Mars, are all rocky planets.

A gas planet is made up mostly of gases and liquids. It has a rocky core that is covered in a thick layer of liquid or ice. On the outside of a gas planet, there are layers of colored clouds. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune are gas planets.

A star is a huge fiery ball of gas that gives out heat and light. The sun is a star and the only one that looks to us like a huge ball in the sky. All the other stars look like pinpoints of light because they are so far away. Stars are not all the same. They are different colors and sizes. Each star also has a lifetime. Once it is born, it will shine steadily for a long time, until it dies.

On a clear night, you can see about 3,000 stars in the sky without using a telescope.

The hottest star that astronomers have found is nearly 40 times hotter than the sun.

In about five billion years, the sun will swell up to a giant star. It may become large enough to swallow up Earth

A constellation is a group of stars that makes a pattern in the sky. Astronomers have counted 88 constellations and given each of them a name. The constellations do not change their shape, but as the night passes, they seem to move across the sky. This happens because Earth is spinning around. The constellations themselves are not really moving. People see different constellations depending on where they live in the world.

Many constellations, or groups of stars, were named thousands of years ago. Some, such as the Great Dog or the Whale, were named after an animal. Others, such as the Centaur, took people in ancient stories. In the past, sailors travelling across the ocean used the constellation to find their way. During these long voyages, some new constellations were discovered. They were given names, such as the Sails, after parts of a ship.

Some constellations, such as Orion can be see in the southern sky for half of the year and the northern sky for the other half.

The Sea Snake is the largest constellation in the sky.

A galaxy is a huge family of stars, A galaxy is a huge family of stars, dust and gas that is held together by dust and gas that is held together by gravity. The biggest galaxies in the gravity. The biggest galaxies in the universe using powerful telescopes, universe using powerful telescopes, but they think there are still many but they think there are still many more to be found. Some galaxies more to be found. Some galaxies shoot out jets of hot gas from their shoot out jets of hot gas from their centers, which travel far into space at centers, which travel far into space at high speeds.high speeds.