space telecommunications radio architecture (strs
TRANSCRIPT
Spac
e Te
leco
mm
unic
atio
ns R
adio
Arc
hite
ctur
e (S
TRS)
Tech
nica
l Ove
rvie
w
IDG
A 4
thSo
ftwar
e D
efin
ed R
adio
Con
fere
nce
Febr
uary
200
6
2ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Abs
trac
t
A s
oftw
are
defin
ed ra
dio
(SD
R) a
rchi
tect
ure
used
in s
pace
-bas
ed p
latfo
rms
prop
oses
to
sta
ndar
dize
cer
tain
asp
ects
of r
adio
dev
elop
men
t suc
h as
inte
rface
def
initi
ons,
fu
nctio
nal c
ontro
l and
exe
cutio
n, a
nd a
pplic
atio
n so
ftwar
e an
d fir
mw
are
deve
lopm
ent.
NA
SA
has
cha
rted
a te
am to
dev
elop
an
open
sof
twar
e de
fined
radi
o ha
rdw
are
and
softw
are
arch
itect
ure
to s
uppo
rt N
AS
A m
issi
ons
and
dete
rmin
e th
e vi
abili
ty o
f an
Age
ncy-
wid
e S
tand
ard.
A d
raft
conc
ept o
f the
pro
pose
d st
anda
rd h
as
been
rele
ased
and
dis
cuss
ed a
mon
g or
gani
zatio
ns in
the
SD
R c
omm
unity
. A
ppro
pria
te le
vera
ging
of t
he J
TRS
SC
A, O
MG
’sS
WR
adio
Arc
hite
ctur
e an
d ot
her
aspe
cts
are
cons
ider
ed.
A
sta
ndar
d ra
dio
arch
itect
ure
offe
rs p
oten
tial v
alue
by
empl
oyin
g co
mm
on w
avef
orm
so
ftwar
e in
stan
tiatio
n, o
pera
tion,
test
ing
and
softw
are
mai
nten
ance
. Whi
le s
oftw
are
defin
ed ra
dios
offe
r gre
ater
flex
ibilit
y, th
ey a
lso
pose
s ch
alle
nges
to th
e ra
dio
deve
lopm
ent f
or th
e sp
ace
envi
ronm
ent i
n te
rms
of s
ize,
mas
s an
dpo
wer
co
nsum
ptio
n an
d av
aila
ble
tech
nolo
gy.
An
SD
R a
rchi
tect
ure
for s
pace
mus
t re
cogn
ize
and
addr
ess
the
cons
train
ts o
f spa
ce fl
ight
har
dwar
e, a
nd s
yste
ms
alon
g w
ith fl
ight
her
itage
and
cul
ture
.N
AS
A is
act
ivel
y pa
rtici
patin
g in
the
deve
lopm
ent o
f tec
hnol
ogy
and
stan
dard
s re
late
d to
sof
twar
e de
fined
radi
os.
As
NA
SA
con
side
rs a
sta
ndar
d ra
dio
arch
itect
ure
for
spac
e co
mm
unic
atio
ns, i
nput
and
coo
rdin
atio
n fro
m g
over
nmen
t age
ncie
s, th
e in
dust
ry, a
cade
mia
, and
sta
ndar
ds b
odie
s is
key
to a
suc
cess
ful a
rchi
tect
ure.
The
un
ique
asp
ects
of s
pace
requ
ire th
orou
gh in
vest
igat
ion
of re
leva
nt te
rres
trial
te
chno
logi
es p
rope
rly a
dapt
ed to
spa
ce. T
he ta
lk w
ill d
escr
ibe
NA
SA
’s c
urre
nt e
ffort
to in
vest
igat
e S
DR
app
licat
ions
to s
pace
mis
sion
s an
d a
brie
f ove
rvie
w o
f a
cand
idat
e ar
chite
ctur
e un
der c
onsi
dera
tion
for s
pace
bas
ed p
latfo
rms.
FY
I Onl
y: n
ot p
art o
f act
ual p
rese
ntat
ion
3ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Spac
e Te
leco
mm
unic
atio
ns R
adio
Sys
tem
Goa
l•
Impr
ove
capa
bilit
y of
dev
elop
ing
and
oper
atin
g N
AS
A’s
spa
ce a
nd
grou
nd tr
ansc
eive
r com
mun
icat
ion
asse
ts
Obj
ectiv
es•
Sys
tem
atic
app
roac
h to
ana
lyze
NA
SA
com
mun
icat
ion
requ
irem
ents
to
appl
y an
d ev
alua
te o
pen
arch
itect
ure
stan
dard
s, c
once
pts,
and
radi
o te
chno
logi
es fo
r spa
ce•
Dev
elop
a tr
ansc
eive
r sys
tem
ope
n ar
chite
ctur
e fo
r spa
ce a
nd g
roun
d co
mm
unic
atio
ns•
Leve
rage
the
DoD
’sin
vest
men
t in
softw
are
defin
ed ra
dio
tech
nolo
gy
and
softw
are
com
mun
icat
ions
arc
hite
ctur
e as
app
ropr
iate
4ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
STRS
, Why
now
?
Tech
nolo
gy a
dvan
cem
ents
in s
igna
l pr
oces
sing
har
dwar
e m
ake
it po
ssib
le fo
r sp
ace
base
d re
conf
igur
able
pla
tform
s
Tech
nolo
gy a
llow
s us
e of
mor
e so
ftwar
e in
tens
ive
syst
ems
for c
omm
unic
atio
n an
d na
viga
tion
func
tions
.
Sta
ndar
d ar
chite
ctur
es fo
r SD
R e
mer
ging
JTR
S, O
MG
, SD
R F
orum
, etc
….
SD
R’s
bein
g us
ed in
mis
sion
s an
d te
chno
logy
de
mos
(e.g
. MR
O, S
TS-1
07) w
ithou
t ben
efit
of c
omm
onal
ity o
r lev
erag
e fro
m o
ne
deve
lopm
ent t
o an
othe
r
Arc
hite
ctur
e se
rves
as
a fra
mew
ork
for
com
mon
ality
/inte
rope
rabi
lity
amon
g su
pplie
rs
to g
et A
genc
y w
ide
bene
fit a
mon
g fu
ture
radi
o de
velo
pmen
ts
SD
R’s
offe
r opp
ortu
nity
to re
duce
life
cyc
le
cost
s th
roug
h so
ftwar
e an
d fir
mw
are
upda
tes
as o
ppos
ed to
har
dwar
e fix
es d
ue to
pr
oble
ms
or re
quire
men
t cre
ep.
Sign
al P
roce
ssin
g A
dvan
cem
ents
Softw
are/
Firm
war
e
Emer
ging
Ope
n A
rchi
tect
ures
New
Rad
io T
echn
olog
y
Com
mon
ality
/Te
chno
logy
Inse
rtion
Ada
ptab
le O
pera
tions
, Fau
lt R
ecov
ery,
Fle
xibi
lity
5ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Rece
nt S
DR
Act
iviti
es W
ithin
NA
SA
•C
ham
p, G
race
, Jas
on–
Blac
kjac
k –
L-ba
nd R
ecei
vers
–R
econ
figur
abel
/Rep
rogr
amm
able
–W
avef
orm
s•
GP
S
•S
TS-1
07, C
AN
DO
S E
xper
imen
t–
Low
Pow
er T
rans
ceiv
er–
S-b
and
Tran
scei
ver,
L-ba
nd R
ecei
ver
–R
econ
figur
abel
/Rep
rogr
amm
able
–W
avef
orm
s•
TDR
SS
sing
le a
cces
s an
d m
ultip
le
acce
ss•
GP
S
•M
ars
Rec
onna
issa
nce
Orb
iter
–El
ectra
Rad
io–
UH
F Tr
ansc
eive
r–
Rec
onfig
urab
le/R
epro
gram
mab
le–
Wav
efor
ms
•Pr
oxim
ity-1
pro
toco
l
6ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
STRS
Con
text
Dia
gram
•G
roun
d co
ntro
ls
spac
ecra
ft as
sets
•Fl
ight
com
pute
r–
Com
man
ds–
Tele
met
ry•
STR
S R
adio
con
sist
s of
: –W
avef
orm
s–
App
licat
ions
–S
ervi
ces
•W
F In
stan
tiatio
n•
Com
mun
icat
ions
•P
aylo
ad p
rovi
des
data
to
STR
S R
adio
7ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Exte
rnal
Rad
io E
quip
men
t
text
Gen
eral
Pur
pose
P
roce
ssor
DSP
FPG
A
Sign
al P
roce
ssin
g M
odul
e (S
PM)
RA
M
EEP
RO
M
ASIC
FPG
A
SPM
In
terfa
ce
SPM
Inte
rface
RFM
IFE
xt IF
SPM
IF
GP
M IF
RFM
In
terfa
ce
Tune
r/Fre
quen
cyC
ontro
l
RF
Mod
ule
(RFM
)
Upc
onve
rter/
Dow
ncon
verte
rG
ener
al P
roce
ssin
g M
odul
e (G
PM)
text
Gen
eral
Pur
pose
P
roce
ssor
RA
M
EE
PR
OM
PR
OM
Mem
ory
(SR
AM
, SD
RA
M)
Ope
ratin
g E
nviro
nmen
t
Wav
efor
m
HALAPI
AD
CD
AC
Net
wor
k In
terfa
ce
Bus
Inte
rface
text
Wav
efor
m
text
Wav
efor
m
text
Wav
efor
m
Ant
enna
Flig
ht
Com
pute
r(C
&D
H)
HD
R
Sou
rce/
Sin
k
Inte
rfac
e D
escr
iptio
ns F
unct
iona
l Dia
gram
Mod
ule
Inte
rfac
es a
bstra
ct a
nd d
efin
e th
e m
odul
e fu
nctio
nalit
y fo
r da
ta fl
ow to
wav
efor
m c
ompo
nent
s. En
able
s mul
tiple
ven
dors
to
prov
ide
diff
eren
t mod
ules
or a
dd m
odul
es to
exi
stin
g ra
dios
.El
ectri
cal i
nter
face
s, co
nnec
tor r
equi
rem
ents
, and
phy
sica
l re
quire
men
ts a
re sp
ecifi
ed b
y th
e pl
atfo
rm p
rovi
der.
Softw
are
Abs
tract
ion:
Lay
ers d
efin
e in
terf
aces
bet
wee
n co
mpo
nent
s, se
para
ting
SW fr
om S
W a
nd S
W fr
om H
W.
API
s sep
arat
e w
avef
orm
from
ope
ratin
g en
viro
nmen
t –en
ablin
g w
avef
orm
por
tabi
lity.
HA
L A
PI is
pub
lishe
d so
that
spec
ializ
ed H
W d
evel
oped
by
mul
tiple
ven
dors
can
be
inte
grat
ed w
ith a
noth
er v
endo
r’s S
TRS
infr
astru
ctur
e.
8ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006ST
RS S
oftw
are
Stru
ctur
e
•W
avef
orm
App
licat
ions
–U
ses
PO
SIX
AP
Is to
acc
ess
RTO
S–
Use
s S
TRS
AP
Is to
acc
ess
STR
S in
frast
ruct
ure
•H
igh
Leve
l Ser
vice
s–
Con
trol w
avef
orm
–M
onito
r wav
efor
m (Q
oS)
•ST
RS
Infr
astr
uctu
re–
Syst
em m
anag
emen
t–
Dev
ice
cont
rol
–D
ata
trans
fer
•R
TOS
–R
eal-T
ime
Ope
ratin
g–
Syst
em im
plem
entin
g a
subs
et o
f PO
SIX
•B
SP
–H
ardw
are
Abs
tract
ion
Laye
r (H
AL)
–D
river
s–
Har
dwar
e In
terfa
ce (H
ID)
•H
W
–H
ardw
are
com
mun
icat
ions
equ
ipm
ent
(e.g
. FP
GA
, DS
P, A
to D
, and
D to
A)
–H
ardw
are
Inte
rface
Def
initi
on
The
abov
e di
agra
m s
how
s re
latio
nshi
p of
th
e va
rious
sof
twar
e la
yers
.
9ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
STRS
API
Ove
rvie
w
STR
S A
PI C
ateg
orie
s•
Syst
em M
anag
emen
t–
AP
I pro
vide
s th
e fu
nctio
nalit
y to
con
trol a
nd o
pera
te w
avef
orm
s–
This
incl
udes
AP
Is th
at m
ust b
e su
pplie
d by
the
cust
omer
’s w
avef
orm
and
ser
vice
s, s
uppl
ied
by
the
arch
itect
ure
to th
e w
avef
orm
and
ser
vice
s, a
nd th
e op
erat
ing
serv
ices
•
Inte
r-pr
oces
s C
omm
unic
atio
ns
–Al
low
s ap
plic
atio
ns to
com
mun
icat
e vi
a m
essa
ges
betw
een
one
anot
her
–As
the
abili
ty fo
r wav
efor
ms
to c
omm
unic
ate
with
oth
er S
TRS
app
licat
ions
is c
ruci
al fo
r the
op
erat
ion
of ra
dio
serv
ices
, STR
S s
peci
fical
ly d
efin
es th
e A
PI
•D
evic
e C
ontro
l–
Inte
rface
s be
twee
n th
e w
avef
orm
and
the
endp
oint
com
mun
icat
ion
algo
rithm
blo
ck.
–Se
t of s
ervi
ce fu
nctio
ns to
pro
vide
bas
ic in
terfa
ce s
ervi
ces
to th
e de
vice
s vi
a th
e H
AL
driv
ers
•C
ontro
l and
Tel
emet
ry–
A se
t of c
omm
on ra
dio
serv
ices
that
pro
vide
a c
onsi
sten
t set
of c
omm
and
and
cont
rol i
nter
face
to
syst
em d
esig
ners
(Int
erfa
ces
are
the
exte
rnal
ly a
cces
sibl
e in
terfa
ces)
–D
ata
capa
city
and
tele
met
ry d
ata
form
at p
rovi
ded
by a
STR
S P
latfo
rm
POSI
X Su
bset
•U
sed
for C
/C++
lang
uage
sup
port
for m
athe
mat
ical
com
puta
tion,
stri
ng a
nd c
hara
cter
ha
ndlin
g, I/
O, a
nd th
read
s•
Det
erm
inin
g ap
prop
riate
sub
set o
f PO
SIX
AP
Is fo
r STR
S
10ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Cha
lleng
es to
Com
mon
Rad
io S
tand
ard
•A
rchi
tect
ure
Dev
elop
men
t–
Def
initi
on (o
pen/
clos
ed)
–C
onse
nsus
–R
efer
ence
Impl
emen
tatio
n
•O
pera
tions
Req
uire
men
ts–
Rel
iabl
e S
oftw
are
–R
adia
tion
Envi
ronm
ent
–R
isk
•C
ompo
nent
Tec
hnol
ogy
–FP
GA
–M
emor
y–
A/D
Con
verte
rs
•C
ompl
ianc
e V
erifi
catio
ns–
Sof
twar
e Li
brar
y–
Tool
s an
d D
evel
opm
ent K
its
•M
anag
emen
t–
Spa
ce ra
dio
mar
ket
–B
usin
ess
case
ana
lysi
s
11ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Cal
l for
Indu
stry
Par
ticip
atio
n an
d Re
view
Opp
ortu
nity
•C
omm
ents
on
STR
S a
rchi
tect
ure
stan
dard
–Ar
chite
ctur
e D
escr
iptio
n D
ocum
ents
and
hig
h le
vel F
unct
iona
l Req
uire
men
ts (o
ther
doc
umen
t (e.
g.
Use
Cas
es, R
equi
rem
ents
, STR
S S
peci
ficat
ion)
to fo
llow
late
r in
‘06/
’07)
–Pr
ovid
e w
ritte
n co
mm
ents
thro
ugh
RFI
and
SD
R F
orum
•P
rovi
de in
divi
dual
feed
back
thro
ugh
RFI
–ht
tp://
ww
w.g
rc.n
asa.
gov/
WW
W/P
rocu
re/h
ome.
htm
–R
espo
nses
due
to G
RC
by
Mar
ch 1
5th ,
2006
–Pa
rtici
pate
in S
DR
For
um S
pace
App
licat
ions
Wor
k G
roup
Rev
iew
–M
eetin
g in
Apr
il, 2
006
•Ty
pica
l que
stio
ns o
r con
side
ratio
ns–
Com
men
ts o
n ar
chite
ctur
e an
d ap
proa
ch (t
oo m
uch,
too
little
-w
hat’s
mis
sing
?)
–Fe
asib
ility
of p
rodu
cing
arc
hite
ctur
e co
mpl
iant
radi
os–
Indu
stry
sol
utio
ns to
hw
and
sw
inte
rfac
es to
incl
ude
in th
e ST
RS
stan
dard
•A
PI’s
or s
tand
ard
hard
war
e in
terf
aces
(HID
) use
d th
at s
houl
d be
com
e st
anda
rd fo
r NA
SA ra
dios
–R
ecom
men
datio
ns o
n st
anda
rds
for s
oftw
are/
firm
war
e de
velo
pmen
t for
spa
ce–
Cos
t to
impl
emen
t arc
hite
ctur
e•
Both
from
a p
erfo
rman
ce (e
.g. a
rchi
tect
ure
over
head
) and
a fi
nanc
ial (
e.g.
est
imat
ed N
RE
and
recu
rrin
g co
sts)
pe
rspe
ctiv
e–
Exam
ples
of s
tatis
tics
or m
etric
s w
hen
usin
g SC
A (m
agni
tude
of t
he s
avin
gs)
–Av
aila
ble
tool
s to
mod
el a
nd c
hara
cter
ize
arch
itect
ure
•R
esou
rces
(e.g
. pow
er c
onsu
mpt
ion,
per
form
ance
, lat
ency
, cos
t)–
Life
cyc
le/b
usin
ess
case
adv
anta
ges/
disa
dvan
tage
s of
ope
n ar
chite
ctur
e (d
evel
opm
ent,
oper
atio
ns, m
aint
enan
ce)
–In
dust
ry’s
role
in fu
ture
dev
elop
men
t act
iviti
es
12ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Phas
e I
STRS
Arc
hite
ctur
e Re
view
and
Upd
ate
Plan
•In
trodu
ce S
TRS
Arc
hite
ctur
e –
Rel
ease
d S
TRS
Arc
hite
ctur
e D
escr
iptio
n D
ocum
ent v
ia R
eque
st fo
r Inf
orm
atio
n/C
omm
ents
(RFI
•(h
ttp://
ww
w.g
rc.n
asa.
gov/
WW
W/P
rocu
re/h
ome.
htm
)–
Softw
are
Def
ined
Rad
io F
orum
, Jan
uary
200
6–
IDG
A S
oftw
are
Rad
io C
onfe
renc
e, F
ebru
ary
2006
–IE
EE
/AIA
A A
eros
pace
Con
fere
nce,
Big
Sky
(Spa
ce E
xplo
ratio
n C
omm
unic
atio
ns a
nd N
avig
atio
n P
anel
) M
arch
200
6
•S
olic
it co
mm
ents
from
indi
vidu
al c
ompa
nies
thro
ugh
RFI
–In
divi
dual
writ
ten
resp
onse
by
Mar
ch 1
5th ,
2006
–S
DR
For
um re
spon
se b
y ~
Apr
il 30
th, 2
006
(Coo
rdin
ated
by
Kar
en P
erry
/Pris
m T
echn
olog
y C
orp.
)•
SDR
For
um, S
pace
App
licat
ions
Stu
dy G
roup
Mee
ting
on A
pril
10-1
3, 2
006
•U
pdat
e ST
RS
Arch
itect
ure
by M
ay 2
006
base
d up
on:
–C
omm
ents
from
indu
stry
–N
AS
A in
tern
al re
view
s–
Com
plet
ion
of v
ario
us tr
ade
stud
ies
•D
eter
min
e A
rchi
tect
ure
Sta
ndar
d R
ecom
men
datio
n
•D
evel
op re
fere
nce
impl
emen
tatio
ns b
ased
upo
n ar
chite
ctur
e –
Cha
ract
eriz
e ar
chite
ctur
e by
thro
ugh
refe
renc
e im
plem
enta
tions
of k
ey h
w &
sw
aspe
cts
–U
pdat
e ar
chite
ctur
e ba
sed
upon
impl
emen
tatio
n fin
ding
s–
Dev
elop
pro
toty
pes
base
d up
on re
fined
arc
hite
ctur
e
13ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
STRS
Arc
hite
ctur
e N
otio
nal D
evel
opm
ent P
roce
ss
14ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006JTRS
/SC
A A
pplic
abili
ty
•Le
vera
ge J
TRS
/SC
A–
Mos
t JTR
S p
rogr
am g
oals
app
licab
le o
r sim
ilar t
o N
AS
A’s
•P
hilo
soph
y si
mila
r to
NAS
A ap
proa
ch (e
.g. o
pen
arch
itect
ure,
indu
stry
pa
rtici
patio
n, te
chno
logy
inse
rtion
, net
wor
king
, sof
twar
e re
use,
porta
bilit
y)–
Alte
rnat
ive
to N
AS
A d
evel
opin
g a
uniq
ue S
DR
sta
ndar
d•
Nee
d to
def
ine
NA
SA
’s ro
le in
arc
hite
ctur
e st
anda
rd’s
bod
ies
–N
etw
orki
ng a
nd s
ecur
ity a
re in
tegr
al to
JTR
S d
esig
n, a
lthou
gh le
vel o
f se
curit
y m
ay e
xcee
d N
AS
A’s
sec
urity
requ
irem
ents
(TB
D)
–C
an u
se p
revi
ous
clus
ter e
xper
ienc
e fo
r wav
efor
m d
efin
ition
and
de
velo
pmen
t–
Res
ourc
e (e
.g. m
emor
y) c
onsu
mpt
ion
and
com
plex
ity o
f SC
A e
xcee
dsty
pica
l spa
cecr
aft c
omm
unic
atio
n re
sour
ces.
•S
tatu
s of
Spa
ce A
pplic
atio
n–
NA
SA
and
JTR
S h
ave
MO
U to
mai
ntai
n co
llabo
rativ
e pa
rtner
ship
–S
CA
is b
eing
use
d fo
r SA
TCO
M a
ppls
(i.e.
wid
eban
d gr
ound
bas
ed ra
dios
)–
Opt
imiz
ed S
CA
impl
emen
tatio
ns m
ay a
pply
to s
pace
-bas
ed ra
dios
15ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Back
up
16ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
NA
SA A
rchi
tect
ure
Dev
elop
men
t App
roac
h
•A
ssem
ble
expe
rts fr
om d
iffer
ent C
ente
rs to
ach
ieve
a N
AS
A S
DR
arc
hite
ctur
e st
anda
rd
•Le
vera
ge p
revi
ous
and
ongo
ing
SD
R w
ork
from
eac
h pa
rtici
patin
g C
ente
r–
Arc
hite
ctur
e D
efin
ition
–M
issi
on A
pplic
atio
ns–
Arc
hite
ctur
e an
d R
adio
Tec
hnol
ogy
Dev
elop
men
ts–
Flig
ht R
adio
Dev
elop
men
ts
•Id
entif
y ap
plic
atio
ns o
f SD
R te
chno
logy
acr
oss
NA
SA
mis
sion
s
•D
evel
op a
n op
en S
DR
HW
& S
W a
rchi
tect
ure
and
reco
mm
enda
tion
for t
he
Spa
ce C
omm
unic
atio
ns A
rchi
tect
ure
Wor
king
Gro
up (S
CA
WG
) by
May
06
–N
AS
A’s
new
Spa
ce C
omm
unic
atio
ns a
nd N
avig
atio
n A
rchi
tect
ure
enab
ling
NA
SA
’s
Exp
lora
tion
and
Sci
ence
pro
gram
s w
ith o
pera
tiona
l flig
ht d
ates
from
201
2-20
30–
Sup
ports
the
SC
AW
G 5
-yea
r inc
rem
enta
l com
mun
icat
ions
arc
hite
ctur
es
•D
eter
min
e th
e vi
abili
ty o
f an
Age
ncy-
wid
e S
DR
sta
ndar
d
17ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Ass
umpt
ions
and
Que
stio
ns
ASS
UM
PTIO
NS
•Fu
ture
radi
os w
ill e
mpl
oy m
ore
adva
nced
reco
nfig
urab
le h
ardw
are
•V
endo
r uni
que
SD
Rs
prev
ent/h
inde
r th
e sh
arin
g of
sof
twar
e ac
ross
pl
atfo
rms
or p
ose
high
por
ting
cost
–W
avef
orm
typi
cally
tied
to p
latfo
rm
•S
tand
ardi
zed
arch
itect
ure
is a
pplic
able
to
SD
R’s
amon
g m
ost m
issi
ons
•A
rchi
tect
ure
shou
ld n
ot s
peci
fy
impl
emen
tatio
n de
tails
–
limit
inno
vativ
e de
sign
and
tech
infu
sion
•Th
e S
AT
arch
itect
ure
fram
ewor
k w
ill
be e
volv
able
and
ada
ptab
le.
KEY
QU
ESTI
ON
S•
Wha
t typ
e of
mis
sion
s w
ill b
enef
it m
ost?
•H
o do
we
appl
y le
sson
s le
arne
d fo
rm
othe
r effo
rts?
•Is
an
arch
itect
ure
cost
effe
ctiv
e fo
r th
e nu
mbe
r of m
issi
ons
usin
g S
DR
s?
•S
houl
d N
AS
A m
aint
ain
its o
wn
arch
itect
ure
defin
ition
, or a
lign
with
a
larg
er u
ser b
ase?
•H
ow m
uch
proc
essi
ng o
verh
ead
is
acce
ptab
le to
ben
efit
from
an
open
ar
chite
ctur
e?
•H
ow d
oes
wav
efor
m p
roce
ssin
g in
an
SD
R a
ffect
the
arch
itect
ure?
18ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
STRS
Lay
ered
Sof
twar
e M
odel
•W
avef
orm
App
licat
ions
–U
ses
PO
SIX
AP
Is to
acc
ess
RTO
S–
Use
s S
TRS
AP
Is to
acc
ess
STR
S
infra
stru
ctur
e •
Hig
h Le
vel S
ervi
ces
–C
ontro
l wav
efor
m–
Mon
itor w
avef
orm
(QoS
)•
STR
S In
fras
truc
ture
–Sy
stem
man
agem
ent
–D
evic
e co
ntro
l–
Dat
a tra
nsfe
r•
RTO
S–
Rea
l-Tim
e O
pera
ting
–Sy
stem
impl
emen
ting
a su
bset
of P
OS
IX
•B
SP (B
oard
Sup
port
Pac
kage
)–
Har
dwar
e A
bstra
ctio
n La
yer (
HA
L)
–D
river
s–
Har
dwar
e In
terfa
ce (H
ID)
•H
W
–H
ardw
are
com
mun
icat
ions
equ
ipm
ent
(e.g
. FP
GA,
DS
P, A
to D
, and
D to
A)
Har
dwar
e P
latfo
rm
Boa
rd S
uppo
rt P
acka
ge/D
evic
e D
river
sO
E A
bstra
ctio
n (H
AL)
Net
wor
k S
tack
RTO
SIn
frast
ruct
ure
Rad
io
Ser
vice
s
Sta
ndar
d P
rogr
amm
ing
Inte
rface
s
Wav
efor
ms
App
licat
ions
Thi
s dia
gram
illu
stra
tes t
he la
yere
d pr
ogra
mm
ing
appr
oach
to S
TR
S. S
oftw
are
is e
xten
sibl
e th
roug
h la
yere
d pr
ogra
mm
ing
to p
rovi
de a
n ab
stra
cted
use
r in
terf
ace
and
deve
lopm
ent e
nvir
onm
ent.
19ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Arc
hite
ctur
e Sp
ecifi
catio
n
Rec
onfig
urab
le-P
re la
unce
-Pos
t Lau
nch
-Con
tigen
cy
HW
and
SW
R
epos
itory
Indu
stry
an
d D
oD
Sta
ndar
ds
Gol
d S
tand
ard
Com
plia
nce
Test
ing
Func
tions
-Net
wor
king
-Nav
igat
ion
-Sec
utiry
Wav
efor
mD
evel
opm
ent
Sta
ndar
dFa
ult M
itiga
tion
Tech
niqu
es
Ope
ratio
ns-A
uton
omy
-Rel
iabi
lity
Arc
hite
ctur
e V
erifi
catio
n
Qua
lific
atio
n Te
stin
g
Mis
sion
Cla
sses
-NAS
A M
arke
t
Perfo
rman
ce
Test
ing
Engi
neer
ing
Des
ign
and
Reu
se
Mod
el B
ased
D
esig
n
Adap
t to
sign
al
proc
essi
ng
tech
nolo
gy
adva
ncem
ents
Asp
ects
of S
DR
and
Arc
hite
ctur
es
How
the
piec
es fi
t…
Toda
y’s E
mer
ging
Rad
ios
Com
mon
, Ope
n A
rchi
tect
ure
•“S
DR
”mea
ns m
ore
than
just
“re
conf
igur
able
”
•To
day’
s ra
dio
tech
nolo
gy o
ffers
new
de
velo
pmen
t and
ope
ratio
nal p
arad
igm
s–
Upg
rada
ble
–Fl
exib
le–
Indu
stry
tren
ds to
SW
bas
ed s
yste
ms
•A
rchi
tect
ure
adds
fram
ewor
k to
re
conf
igur
able
(SD
R) t
rans
ceiv
er
tech
nolo
gy–
Mul
ti-ve
ndor
par
ticip
atio
n–
Com
mon
Inte
rface
s–
Tech
nolo
gy In
serti
on–
Com
mon
Spe
cific
atio
n–
Reu
se–
Sof
twar
e ve
rific
atio
n -D
evel
opin
g a
qual
ifica
tion
appr
oach
sui
tabl
e fo
r m
issi
ons
20ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
SAT
Ove
rvie
w
21ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
App
lyin
g SD
R an
d St
anda
rd A
rchi
tect
ures
to N
ASA
•SD
R’s
will
prov
ide
mor
e m
issi
on
flexi
bilit
y•
Spa
ce q
ualif
icat
ion
of
softw
are/
firm
war
e in
tens
ive
syst
ems
may
add
cos
ts to
m
issi
ons
•Si
mpl
ify n
ew m
issi
on
adop
tion
by re
use
of
stan
dard
hw
and
sw
com
pone
nts
•N
eed
to v
erify
on-
orbi
t sof
twar
e re
conf
igur
atio
ns
(ris
k)
•P
oten
tial f
or
incr
ease
d pr
oces
sing
(i.e
. po
wer
) re
quire
men
ts
and
larg
er fo
rm
fact
ors
vs.
pred
omin
atel
y ha
rdw
are
base
d so
lutio
ns (e
.g.,
AS
IC)
•Is
olat
e S
W fr
om H
W to
pr
omot
es re
use
•P
rom
otes
/ena
bles
mul
ti-ve
ndor
par
ticip
atio
n•
Is c
omm
on N
ASA
, DoD
, an
d co
mm
erci
al
arch
itect
ure
need
ed to
m
axim
ize
mar
ket f
or
spac
e ra
dios
to re
duce
co
st?
•P
rovi
des
path
to s
tand
ard
test
qu
alifi
catio
n pr
oced
ures
and
va
lidat
ion/
verif
icat
ion
proc
edur
es
as s
oftw
are
use
incr
ease
s
22ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Ass
umpt
ions
1.In
dust
ry w
ill p
ursu
e un
ique
, pro
prie
tary
SD
R d
evel
opm
ents
and
te
chno
logi
es fo
r spa
ce to
redu
ce th
eir p
rodu
ctio
n co
sts
and
incr
ease
m
arke
tabi
lity
rega
rdle
ss o
f NA
SA
mis
sion
spe
cific
nee
ds.
2.A
cle
ar b
ound
ary
shou
ld b
e id
entif
ied
betw
een
the
open
and
pr
oprie
tary
por
tions
of t
he s
tand
ard
arch
itect
ure
to e
ncou
rage
indu
stry
pa
rtici
patio
n an
d be
tter a
lign
indu
stry
dev
elop
men
t and
NA
SA
re
quire
men
ts.
3.S
peci
fyin
g im
plem
enta
tion
deta
ils a
s op
pose
d to
arc
hite
ctur
e w
ill li
mit
inno
vativ
e de
sign
and
tech
nolo
gy in
fusi
on li
miti
ng th
e us
eful
ness
of t
he
arch
itect
ure.
Nee
d to
kee
p ar
chite
ctur
e as
pect
s se
para
te fr
om
impl
emen
tatio
n. T
he S
AT
will
nee
d to
spe
cify
a b
ound
ary
betw
een
arch
itect
ure
and
impl
emen
tatio
n.
4.A
sta
ndar
d op
en a
rchi
tect
ure
wou
ld p
rovi
de fo
r eas
ier a
nd le
ss c
ostly
w
avef
orm
por
ting
from
one
pro
prie
tary
SD
R a
ppro
ach
to a
noth
er.
23ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Ass
umpt
ions
(con
t)
5.A
sta
ndar
d op
en a
rchi
tect
ure
wou
ld li
kely
: –
Incr
ease
the
num
ber o
f ind
ustry
par
ticip
ants
who
cou
ld p
rovi
de s
oftw
are
or
hard
war
e co
mpo
nent
s.
–E
nabl
es u
pgra
deab
ility
as
requ
irem
ents
and
tech
nolo
gy m
atur
e.–
Ena
bles
com
mon
har
dwar
e qu
alifi
catio
n te
st p
roce
dure
s an
d co
mm
onso
ftwar
e va
lidat
ion
and
verif
icat
ion
proc
edur
es.
–E
nabl
es c
omm
on in
terfa
ces
and
com
mon
com
man
ds fo
r bot
h de
velo
pmen
t an
d op
erat
ions
(e.g
., c
omm
on c
omm
and
and
tele
met
ry in
terfa
ces)
.–
Pro
vide
sta
ndar
dize
d, c
omm
and
form
ats
to e
nhan
ce s
oftw
are
deve
lopm
ent.
6.Le
ss d
epen
denc
e on
spe
cific
ven
dor’s
impl
emen
tatio
n m
ay re
duce
cos
t an
d ris
k to
dev
elop
, aug
men
t, an
d m
aint
ain
reco
nfig
urab
le s
yste
ms.
M
ultip
le v
endo
r par
ticip
atio
n in
radi
o de
velo
pmen
t will
redu
ce c
osts
(e.g
., se
para
te p
latfo
rm d
evel
oper
and
wav
efor
m d
evel
oper
)
7.S
oftw
are
and
hard
war
e de
sign
and
mod
ule
reus
e fro
m a
sof
twar
e an
d ha
rdw
are
repo
sito
ry o
r lib
rary
will
redu
ce ra
dio
deve
lopm
ent c
ost,
offe
rs
pote
ntia
l to
redu
ce q
ualif
icat
ion
cost
(e.g
. qua
lific
atio
n pr
oced
ure
reus
e,
redu
ctio
n).
•W
avef
orm
mod
el, d
esig
n, s
ourc
e co
de re
use.
–U
se o
f CO
TS s
oftw
are
prod
ucts
(cou
ld in
clud
e ta
ilorin
g fo
r spa
ce).
•H
ardw
are
desi
gn/m
odul
e re
use.
24ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Que
stio
ns
1.W
hat c
hara
cter
istic
s m
ake
a go
od a
rchi
tect
ure?
•
Wha
t qua
ntita
tive
met
rics
can
be u
sed
to e
valu
ate
an a
rchi
tect
ure
2.H
ow m
uch
over
head
in re
sour
ces
or p
roce
ssin
g is
reas
onab
le to
exp
ect t
o ge
t th
e be
nefit
s of
ope
n ar
chite
ctur
e?3.
Wha
t are
the
less
ons
lear
ned
from
JTR
S/S
CA
that
sho
uld
be c
onsi
dere
d du
ring
the
arch
itect
ure
defin
ition
.4.
Are
the
bene
fits
of o
pen
arch
itect
ure
enou
gh fo
r NA
SA
to m
aint
ain
its o
wn
defin
ition
or d
o w
e ne
ed to
alig
n w
ith a
noth
er ra
dio
user
or l
arge
r cus
tom
er
base
(e.g
. DoD
/SC
A, S
DR
F/S
CA
).5.
Wha
t’s th
e be
st w
ay to
get
sca
labi
lity
acro
ss s
mal
ler a
pplic
atio
ns (e
.g. E
VA
an
d ro
ver)
? H
ow d
o yo
u sc
ale
an a
rchi
tect
ure,
yet
com
ply
to a
sin
gle
stan
dard
?6.
Wha
t por
tion
of n
avig
atio
n an
d ne
twor
king
func
tions
bel
ong
in S
DR
?7.
Wha
t is
the
appr
opria
te s
et o
f AP
I’s a
nd h
w in
terfa
ces
to m
axim
ize
wav
efor
m
porta
bilit
y, b
ut m
inim
ize
reso
urce
s?8.
Are
ther
e ha
rdw
are
aspe
cts
that
sho
uld
be s
tand
ardi
zed
(e.g
. har
dwar
e sl
ices
, in
terc
onne
cted
bac
kpla
ne fo
r mod
ules
or s
lices
) im
plem
enta
tion
left
to
vend
ors?
25ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Arc
hite
ctur
e Ev
alua
tion
Cri
teri
a
•O
penn
ess
–N
on-p
ropr
ieta
ry s
et o
f rul
es a
nd
inte
rface
s–
Scal
able
, Ada
ptab
le
•H
W/S
W Is
olat
ion
–E
nabl
es te
chno
logy
inse
rtion
•R
adio
Per
form
ance
–D
oes
it m
eet o
pera
tiona
l re
quire
men
ts (e
.g. l
aten
cy, b
ootu
p)–
Rel
iabi
lity
•C
ost
–N
RE
(Rad
io d
evel
opm
ent b
ased
on
arch
itect
ure)
–R
ecur
ring
(Evo
lve
arch
itect
ure)
•R
esou
rce
Con
sum
ptio
n–
Pow
er a
nd m
emor
y co
nsum
ptio
n–
Logi
c eq
uiva
lent
s, n
umbe
r of
oper
atio
ns–
Size
, mas
s
•S
oftw
are
Por
tabi
lity
–S
oftw
are
arch
itect
ure
shou
ld n
ot
requ
ire a
ny s
peci
fic v
endo
r, ha
rdw
are
com
pone
nt o
r sof
twar
e ve
ndor
for
impl
emen
tatio
n
•C
ompl
exity
–
Mea
sure
of c
apab
ility
•D
esig
n R
euse
–Fl
exib
le to
ol u
se a
cros
s re
quire
d ha
rdw
are
plat
form
s
26ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006JTRS
/SC
A A
pplic
abili
ty
•Le
vera
ge J
TRS
/SC
A–
Mos
t JTR
S p
rogr
am g
oals
app
licab
le o
r sim
ilar t
o N
AS
A’s
•P
hilo
soph
y si
mila
r to
NAS
A ap
proa
ch (e
.g. o
pen
arch
itect
ure,
indu
stry
pa
rtici
patio
n, te
chno
logy
inse
rtion
, net
wor
king
, sof
twar
e re
use,
porta
bilit
y)–
Alte
rnat
ive
to N
AS
A d
evel
opin
g a
uniq
ue S
DR
sta
ndar
d•
Nee
d to
def
ine
NA
SA
’s ro
le in
arc
hite
ctur
e st
anda
rd’s
bod
ies
–N
etw
orki
ng a
nd s
ecur
ity a
re in
tegr
al to
JTR
S d
esig
n, a
lthou
gh le
vel o
f se
curit
y m
ay e
xcee
d N
AS
A’s
sec
urity
requ
irem
ents
(TB
D)
–C
an u
se p
revi
ous
clus
ter e
xper
ienc
e fo
r wav
efor
m d
efin
ition
and
de
velo
pmen
t–
Res
ourc
e (e
.g. m
emor
y) c
onsu
mpt
ion
and
com
plex
ity o
f SC
A e
xcee
dsty
pica
l spa
cecr
aft c
omm
unic
atio
n re
sour
ces.
•S
tatu
s of
Spa
ce A
pplic
atio
n–
NA
SA
and
JTR
S h
ave
MO
U to
mai
ntai
n co
llabo
rativ
e pa
rtner
ship
–S
CA
is b
eing
use
d fo
r SA
TCO
M a
ppls
(i.e.
wid
eban
d gr
ound
bas
ed ra
dios
)–
Opt
imiz
ed S
CA
impl
emen
tatio
ns m
ay a
pply
to s
pace
-bas
ed ra
dios
27ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Arc
hite
ctur
e Re
quir
emen
ts, M
issi
on D
rive
rs,
GPS
Arc
hite
ctur
e Ex
ampl
e
28ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Sam
ple
Hig
h Le
vel A
rchi
tect
ure
Requ
irem
ents
•S
DR
HW
and
SW
arc
hite
ctur
e sh
all b
e op
enan
d pr
ovid
e pu
blis
hed
inte
rface
san
d de
scrip
tion
of a
llow
able
ope
ratio
ns a
nd in
form
atio
n ex
chan
ged
amon
g co
mpo
nent
s ac
ross
the
defin
ed in
terfa
ces.
•S
DR
arc
hite
ctur
e sh
all e
nabl
e so
ftwar
e po
rtabi
lity
and
abst
ract
ion
laye
rs w
hile
m
inim
izin
g re
quire
d re
sour
ces
(e.g
. pow
er, m
ass)
.
•S
DR
arc
hite
ctur
e sh
all m
inim
ize
spec
ific
appl
icat
ion
and/
or im
plem
enta
tion
appr
oach
es to
pro
vide
flex
ibili
tyfo
r diff
eren
t mis
sion
cla
sses
and
ava
ilabl
e re
sour
ces.
•S
DR
arc
hite
ctur
e sh
all d
efin
e m
inim
um s
et o
f har
dwar
e an
d so
ftwar
e in
terfa
ce
defin
ition
s to
ena
ble
tech
nolo
gy in
fusi
on o
ver t
ime.
•B
e H
W a
nd S
W c
onfig
urab
lefo
r mul
tiple
mis
sion
requ
irem
ents
and
/ or
acco
mm
odat
ion
of n
ew re
quire
men
ts (p
re-la
unch
and
pos
t-lau
nch;
whe
n op
erat
iona
l and
non
-ope
ratio
nal).
29ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Sam
ple
Hig
h Le
vel A
rchi
tect
ure
Requ
irem
ents
(Con
t’d)
•R
ecov
erth
e pr
e-ex
istin
g op
erat
iona
l con
figur
atio
n w
hen
a ru
n-tim
e ex
cept
ion
faul
t is
dete
cted
dur
ing
reco
nfig
urat
ion
of th
e S
DR
•E
nabl
e in
crem
enta
l upl
oads
(at m
odul
e / s
hare
d lib
rary
leve
l) of
bot
h so
ftwar
e an
d fir
mw
are
•S
cale
to a
ccom
mod
ate
diffe
rent
tran
scei
ver f
orm
fact
ors
•E
nabl
e fu
lly a
uton
omou
sop
erat
ions
, if i
ts s
oftw
are/
firm
war
e lo
ad is
cap
able
of
such
ope
ratio
ns
•E
nabl
e sc
alea
ble
syst
em n
etw
orki
ngan
d ne
twor
k se
rvic
es
•E
nabl
e th
e tra
nsce
iver
from
ope
ratin
g m
ultip
le c
hann
els,
in m
ultip
le fr
eque
ncy
band
s
30ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Sam
ple
of S
TRS
Arc
hite
ctur
e D
rive
rs
•R
esou
rces
ava
ilabl
e to
spa
ce b
ased
radi
os s
igni
fican
tly le
ss th
an te
rres
trial
ba
sed
radi
os–
Nee
d ar
chite
ctur
e sc
alab
le to
diff
eren
t mis
sion
reso
urce
s•
Min
imiz
e ar
chite
ctur
e sp
ecifi
catio
ns (“
keep
it s
impl
e”)
–A
bstra
ct w
avef
orm
from
pla
tform
–Le
t pro
vide
r im
plem
ent/o
ptim
ize
OE
that
sup
ports
sta
ndar
d S
W in
terfa
ce•
Def
ine
AP
Is u
p fro
nt –
(nee
d pa
th to
sta
ndar
diza
tion
–w
ork
with
SC
A W
G)
–Le
vera
ge S
CA
, SD
RF
SC
A–
Com
mer
cial
•D
ivid
e m
issi
on ra
dios
up
into
pla
tform
cla
sses
(ini
tial c
ut p
rovi
ded
in d
ocum
ent-
war
rant
s di
scus
sion
)•
Em
phas
is o
n w
avef
orm
impl
emen
tatio
ns o
n sp
ecia
lized
har
dwar
e , n
ot G
PP
•W
ante
d to
add
ress
har
dwar
e ar
chite
ctur
e as
pect
s (H
ID) t
o en
able
mor
e in
tero
pera
bilit
y an
d re
duce
cos
ts o
f qua
lific
atio
n pr
oces
ses
•Le
ss o
r no
emph
asis
for d
ynam
ic d
eplo
ymen
t and
har
dwar
e di
scov
ery
31ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Sam
ple
of S
TRS
Arc
hite
ctur
e TB
D’s
Tech
nica
l•
Har
dwar
e In
terfa
ce D
escr
iptio
ns –
wha
t’s p
ublis
habl
e an
d w
hat r
emai
ns
prop
rieta
ry?
•Li
st o
f wav
efor
ms
–N
ot y
et fo
rmal
ized
, but
…–
SNU
G, G
NU
G, D
SN–
Expl
orat
ion
wav
efor
ms
TBD
•S
ecur
ity re
quire
men
ts T
BD
Non
-Tec
hnic
al•
Tech
nica
l Adv
isor
y G
roup
–R
ecom
men
datio
ns o
n ho
w to
impl
emen
t•
Uni
que
aspe
cts
of s
pace
bus
ines
s ca
se–
Diff
eren
t mar
ket v
olum
e th
an D
oD, C
omm
erci
al, P
ublic
Saf
ety
–S
oftw
are
mod
el o
r har
dwar
e m
odel
•O
penn
ess
of a
rchi
tect
ure
–N
AS
A m
ay h
ave
to a
ddre
ss IT
AR
issu
es in
the
actu
al S
TRS
Spe
cific
atio
n D
ocum
ent(s
) as
did
JTR
S.
32ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Plat
form
Cla
ss C
hara
cter
istic
s
•R
ecei
ve–
Freq
uenc
y B
ands
–N
umbe
r of S
imul
tane
ous
Sig
nals
–M
axim
um s
igna
l ban
dwid
th
•Tr
ansm
it–
Max
imum
Num
ber o
f Fre
quen
cy
Band
s–
Max
imum
Tra
nsm
it B
andw
idth
–M
axim
um T
rans
mit
Dat
a R
ate
–Tr
ansm
it P
ower
Lev
el
•C
odin
g–
Con
volu
tiona
l–
Turb
o–
Ree
d So
lom
on–
Low
Par
ity D
ensi
ty C
odes
•N
etw
ork
–Lo
w R
ate
Por
t–
IP N
etw
ork
Rou
ting
–H
igh
Rat
e Po
rt
•S
ecur
ity–
Com
man
d A
uthe
ntic
atio
n–
Tran
smit
Enc
rypt
ion
–N
etw
ork
Sec
urity
•S
pace
craf
t Inp
ut/O
utpu
t–
RS
422
–15
53/1
773
–E
ther
net
–S
pace
wire
–Fi
rew
ire
33ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
STRS
Arc
hite
ctur
e D
escr
iptio
n O
verv
iew
34ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006ST
RS H
ardw
are
Mod
ules
•G
ener
al P
roce
ssin
g M
odul
e (G
PM)–
Con
sist
s of
the
gene
ral p
urpo
se p
roce
ssor
, ap
prop
riate
mem
ory,
spa
cecr
aft b
us (e
.g. M
ILS
TD-1
553)
, int
erco
nnec
tion
bus
(e.g
. PC
I),
and
the
com
pone
nts
to s
uppo
rt th
e ra
dio
conf
igur
atio
n.
•Si
gnal
Pro
cess
ing
Mod
ule
(SPM
) –C
onta
ins
the
impl
emen
tatio
ns o
f the
sig
nal
proc
essi
ng u
sed
to h
andl
e th
e tra
nsfo
rmat
ion
of re
ceiv
ed d
igita
lsig
nals
into
dat
a pa
cket
s an
d/or
the
conv
ersi
on o
f dat
a pa
cket
s in
to d
igita
l sig
nals
to b
etra
nsm
itted
. Com
pone
nts
incl
ude
AS
IC’s
, FP
GA
’s, D
SP
’s, m
emor
y, a
nd c
onne
ctio
n fa
bric
/bus
(e.g
. PC
I, fle
x-fa
bric
)
•R
F M
odul
e (R
FM) –
Han
dles
the
RF
func
tiona
lity
to p
rovi
de th
e S
PM
with
the
rece
ive
digi
tal s
igna
l and
tran
smit
the
outp
ut d
igita
l sig
nal.
Its a
ssoc
iate
d co
mpo
nent
s in
clud
e fil
ters
, RF
switc
hes,
dip
lexe
r, LN
As,
pow
er a
mpl
ifier
s, a
nd d
ata
conv
erte
rs.
This
mod
ule
hand
les
the
inte
rface
s th
at c
ontro
l the
fina
l sta
ge o
f tra
nsm
issi
on o
r firs
t sta
ge o
f rec
eptio
n of
the
wire
less
sig
nals
, inc
ludi
ng a
nten
nas.
•N
etw
ork
Mod
ule
(NM
) –Th
e ar
chite
ctur
e su
ppor
ts C
onsu
ltativ
e C
omm
ittee
for S
pace
D
ata
Sys
tem
s (C
CS
DS
) and
Inte
rnet
Pro
toco
ls (I
P) a
nd n
etw
orki
ng fu
nctio
ns.
•Se
curit
y M
odul
e (S
EC) –
The
deta
il of
this
mod
ule
are
TBD
.
35ID
GA
SD
R C
onfe
renc
e Fe
brua
ry 2
006
Har
dwar
e M
odul
esFu
nctio
nal D
iagr
am
text
Gen
eral
Pur
pose
P
roce
ssor
DS
P
FPG
A
Sign
al P
roce
ssin
g M
odul
e (S
PM)
RA
M
EE
PR
OM
AS
IC
FPG
A
Tune
r/Fre
quen
cyC
ontro
l
RF
Mod
ule
(RFM
)
Upc
onve
rter/
Dow
ncon
verte
rG
ener
al P
roce
ssin
g M
odul
e (G
PM)
text
Gen
eral
Pur
pose
P
roce
ssor
RA
M
EE
PR
OM
PR
OM
Mem
ory
(SR
AM
, SD
RA
M)
Ope
ratin
g E
nviro
nmen
t
AD
CD
AC
Net
wor
k In
terfa
ce
Bus
Inte
rface
36ID
GA
SDR
Con
fere
nce
Febr
uary
200
6STRS
HW
Rul
e Se
t Sam
ple
Gen
eral
Pur
pose
Mod
ule
•Pr
ovid
es p
rogr
amm
able
GPI
O to
sup
port
–In
terru
pt s
ourc
e/si
nk–
Appl
icat
ion
data
tran
sfer
•Pr
ovid
es c
ontro
l/con
figur
atio
n in
terfa
ces
•Pr
ovid
es s
pace
craf
t bus
Inte
rface
•Th
e G
PM
con
figur
atio
n fil
e m
ust d
escr
ibe
the
hard
war
e en
viro
nmen
t for
the
STR
S ar
chite
ctur
e. It
will
iden
tify
the
exis
tenc
e of
the
diffe
rent
har
dwar
e m
odul
es a
nd th
eir a
ssoc
iate
d co
nfig
urat
ion
file
that
will
allo
w th
e ar
chite
ctur
e to
inst
antia
te d
river
s an
d te
st a
pplic
atio
ns.
Sign
al P
roce
ssin
g M
odul
e•
Inte
grat
es w
ith G
PM
bus
for
–FP
GA
/DS
P p
rogr
am tr
ansf
er (W
avef
orm
Inst
antia
tion)
–bu
s fo
r sig
nal d
ata
trans
fer
–G
PIO
to g
ener
ate
and
rece
ive
inte
rrupt
s•
Dire
ct IO
for h
igh
rate
mis
sion
dat
a (b
ypas
s G
PM
)•
The
SP
M c
onfig
urat
ion
file
prov
ides
the
STR
S in
frast
ruct
ure
with
info
rmat
ion
on w
hat r
esou
rces
are
pr
ovid
e by
the
mod
ule
as w
ell a
s th
e re
sour
ces
that
mus
t exi
st o
n th
e G
PM
for a
cces
s to
the
devi
ces.
Har
dwar
e In
terf
ace
Def
initi
on•
HID
sha
ll be
pub
lishe
d fo
r eac
h m
odul
e so
3rd
par
ty d
evel
oper
s ha
ve th
e st
ruct
ure
unde
r whi
ch th
ey
can
deve
lop
new
mod
ules
•
The
HID
will
spe
cify
bus
con
figur
atio
ns a
nd IO
pin
ass
ignm
ents
for t
he b
ackp
lane
.
37ID
GA
SDR
Con
fere
nce
Febr
uary
200
6
Wav
efor
m C
ompo
nent
Allo
catio
n
•S
TRS
wav
efor
ms
are
com
pris
ed o
f sof
twar
e co
mpo
nent
s w
ith s
igna
l pro
cess
ing
algo
rithm
s ne
cess
ary
to tr
ansm
it an
d re
ceiv
e m
essa
ges.
•
Wav
efor
m c
ompo
nent
s al
loca
ted
to p
roce
ssin
g (G
PP
) and
spe
cial
ized
har
dwar
e (S
PM
).
•H
igh
leve
l ser
vice
s us
ed to
con
trol a
nd m
onito
r wav
efor
m (v
ia G
PP
)•
Ope
ratin
g E
nviro
nmen
t pro
vide
s ac
cess
to p
roce
ssor
and
spe
cial
ized
har
dwar
e fo
r wav
efor
m p
roce
ssin
g –
OE
impl
emen
ts th
e sy
stem
man
agem
ent,
devi
ce c
ontro
l, da
ta tr
ansf
er
func
tions
–Le
vera
ges
com
mer
cial
ly a
vaila
ble
prod
ucts
and
func
tions
•S
peci
aliz
ed H
ardw
are
(SP
M) c
onta
ins
and
exec
utes
firm
war
e en
ablin
g hi
gher
ra
te p
roce
ssin
g w
ithin
the
Sof
twar
e D
efin
ed R
adio
38ID
GA
SDR
Con
fere
nce
Febr
uary
200
6
text
Gen
eral
Pur
pose
P
roce
ssor
DS
P
FPG
A
Sign
al P
roce
ssin
g M
odul
e (S
PM)
RA
M
EE
PR
OM
AS
IC
FPG
A
Tune
r/Fre
quen
cyC
ontro
l
RF
Mod
ule
(RFM
)
Upc
onve
rter/
Dow
ncon
verte
rG
ener
al P
roce
ssin
g M
odul
e (G
PM)
text
Gen
eral
Pur
pose
P
roce
ssor
RA
M
EE
PR
OM
PR
OM
Mem
ory
(SR
AM
, SD
RA
M)
Ope
ratin
g E
nviro
nmen
t
AD
CD
AC
Net
wor
k In
terfa
ce
Bus
Inte
rface
text
Gen
eral
Pur
pose
P
roce
ssor
DS
P
FPG
A
Sign
al P
roce
ssin
g M
odul
e (S
PM)
RA
M
EE
PR
OM
AS
IC
FPG
A
Tune
r/Fre
quen
cyC
ontro
l
RF
Mod
ule
(RFM
)
Upc
onve
rter/
Dow
ncon
verte
rG
ener
al P
roce
ssin
g M
odul
e (G
PM)
text
Gen
eral
Pur
pose
P
roce
ssor
RA
M
EE
PR
OM
PRO
M
Mem
ory
(SR
AM
, SD
RA
M)
Ope
ratin
g En
viro
nmen
t
Wav
efor
m
AD
CD
AC
Net
wor
k In
terfa
ce
Bus
Inte
rface
Wav
efor
m
Wav
efor
m
Wav
efor
m
Wav
efor
m C
ompo
nent
Allo
catio
nFu
nctio
nal D
iagr
am
39ID
GA
SDR
Con
fere
nce
Febr
uary
200
6
Inte
rfac
e D
escr
iptio
ns
Har
dwar
e•
Mod
ule
inte
rface
s ab
stra
cts
and
defin
es th
e m
odul
e fu
nctio
nalit
yfo
r dat
a flo
w to
wav
efor
m
com
pone
nts
to e
nabl
e m
ultip
le v
endo
rs to
pro
vide
diff
eren
t mod
ules
or a
dd m
odul
es to
ex
istin
g ra
dios
.•
The
elec
trica
l int
erfa
ces,
con
nect
or re
quire
men
ts, a
nd p
hysi
cal r
equi
rem
ents
are
spe
cifie
d by
the
plat
form
pro
vide
r.
Sof
twar
e•
Laye
rs h
elp
defin
e in
terfa
ces
betw
een
com
pone
nts
•C
erta
in la
yers
sep
arat
e S
W fr
om S
W a
nd o
ther
SW
from
HW
•AP
Is d
efin
ed b
y th
e ar
chite
ctur
e se
para
te w
avef
orm
from
ope
ratin
g en
viro
nmen
t for
w
avef
orm
por
tabi
lity
•Th
e H
AL
AP
I (A
pplic
atio
n P
rogr
amm
er’s
Inte
rface
) is
publ
ishe
d so
that
spe
cial
ized
ha
rdw
are
mad
e by
one
com
pany
may
be
inte
grat
ed w
ith th
e S
TRS
Infra
stru
ctur
e m
ade
by
a di
ffere
nt c
ompa
ny–
Incl
udes
a d
escr
iptio
n of
eac
h m
etho
d/fu
nctio
n us
ed, i
nclu
ding
its
callin
g se
quen
ce, r
etur
n va
lues
, an
exp
lana
tion
of it
s fu
nctio
nalit
y, a
ny p
reco
nditi
ons
befo
re u
sing
the
met
hod/
func
tion,
and
the
stat
us a
fter u
sing
the
met
hod/
func
tion
–C
onta
ins
info
rmat
ion
abou
t the
und
erly
ing
hard
war
e su
ch a
s ad
dres
s an
d da
ta in
terfa
ces,
inte
rrupt
in
put a
nd o
utpu
t, po
wer
con
nect
ions
, as
wel
l as
plus
oth
er c
ontro
l and
dat
a lin
es n
eces
sary
to
oper
ate
in th
e S
TRS
pla
tform
env
ironm
ent (
firm
war
e co
de p
orta
bilit
y)•
The
STR
S In
frast
ruct
ure
will
use
the
HA
L in
form
atio
n to
initi
aliz
e th
e ha
rdw
are
driv
ers
such
that
the
cont
rol a
nd d
ata
mes
sage
s w
ill be
app
ropr
iate
ly d
eliv
ered
to th
e m
odul
e.
40ID
GA
SDR
Con
fere
nce
Febr
uary
200
6
text
Gen
eral
Pur
pose
Pr
oces
sor
DSP
FPG
A
Sign
al P
roce
ssin
g M
odul
e (S
PM)
RAM
EEPR
OM
ASIC
FPG
A
Tune
r/Fre
quen
cyC
ontro
l
RF
Mod
ule
(RFM
)
Upc
onve
rter/
Dow
ncon
verte
rG
ener
al P
roce
ssin
g M
odul
e (G
PM)
text
Gen
eral
Pur
pose
Pr
oces
sor
RAM
EEPR
OM
PRO
M
Mem
ory
(SR
AM, S
DR
AM)
Ope
ratin
g En
viro
nmen
t
ADC
DAC
Net
wor
k In
terfa
ce
Bus
Inte
rface
text
Gen
eral
Pur
pose
Pr
oces
sor
DSP
FPG
A
Sign
al P
roce
ssin
g M
odul
e (S
PM)
RAM
EEPR
OM
ASIC
FPG
A
Tune
r/Fre
quen
cyC
ontro
l
RF
Mod
ule
(RFM
)
Upc
onve
rter/
Dow
ncon
verte
rG
ener
al P
roce
ssin
g M
odul
e (G
PM)
text
Gen
eral
Pur
pose
Pr
oces
sor
RAM
EEPR
OM
PRO
M
Mem
ory
(SR
AM, S
DR
AM)
Ope
ratin
g En
viro
nmen
t
Wav
efor
m
ADC
DAC
Net
wor
k In
terfa
ce
Bus
Inte
rface
Wav
efor
m
Wav
efor
m
Wav
efor
m
Wav
efor
m C
ompo
nent
Allo
catio
nFu
nctio
nal D
iagr
am text
Gen
eral
Pur
pose
Pr
oces
sor
DSP
FPG
A
Sign
al P
roce
ssin
g M
odul
e (S
PM)
RAM
EEPR
OM
ASIC
FPG
A
SPM
In
terfa
ce
SPM
Inte
rface
RFM
IFEx
t IF
SPM
IF
GPM
IF
RFM
In
terfa
ce
Tune
r/Fre
quen
cyC
ontro
l
RF
Mod
ule
(RFM
)
Upc
onve
rter/
Dow
ncon
verte
rG
ener
al P
roce
ssin
g M
odul
e (G
PM)
text
Gen
eral
Pur
pose
Pr
oces
sor
RAM
EEPR
OM
PRO
M
Mem
ory
(SR
AM, S
DR
AM)
Ope
ratin
g En
viro
nmen
t
Wav
efor
m
HALAP
I
ADC
DAC
Net
wor
k In
terfa
ce
Bus
Inte
rface
text
Wav
efor
m
text
Wav
efor
m
text
Wav
efor
m
41ID
GA
SDR
Con
fere
nce
Febr
uary
200
6STRS
SW
Rul
e Se
t Sam
ple
•Al
l STR
S w
avef
orm
app
licat
ions
will
use
the
STR
S A
pplic
atio
n P
rogr
amm
er In
terfa
ces
(AP
I) su
ite to
inst
antia
te a
nd c
ontro
l the
wav
efor
m fu
nctio
nalit
y•
The
STR
S A
PI p
rovi
des
the
inte
rface
s th
at a
llow
app
licat
ions
to b
e in
stan
tiate
d an
d us
e pl
atfo
rm s
ervi
ces.
The
se A
PIs
als
o en
able
com
mun
icat
ion
betw
een
wav
efor
m a
nd a
pplic
atio
n co
mpo
nent
s
•Th
e A
PI l
ayer
sha
ll co
nsis
t of p
ublis
hed
STR
S A
PIs
whi
le le
vera
ging
a d
efin
ed s
ubse
t of
indu
stry
sta
ndar
d P
OS
IX A
PIs
•O
pera
ting
envi
ronm
ent c
onsi
sts
of S
TRS
infra
stru
ctur
e, re
al ti
me
OS
, boa
rd s
uppo
rt pa
ckag
es, h
ardw
are
abst
ract
ion
laye
rs.
•Th
e op
erat
ing
envi
ronm
ent (
via
STR
S in
frast
ruct
ure)
sha
ll im
plem
ent t
he S
TRS
AP
Is a
nd
syst
em m
anag
emen
t, de
vice
con
trol,
data
tran
sfer
func
tions
•S
TRS
con
figur
atio
n fil
es s
hall
cont
ain
plat
form
and
wav
efor
m s
peci
fic in
form
atio
n to
allo
w
cust
omiz
atio
n of
inst
alle
d w
avef
orm
s. T
he c
onfig
urat
ion
file
cont
ains
the
para
met
ric
valu
es fo
r con
figur
able
com
pone
nts
as w
ell a
s fil
enam
es fo
r loa
dabl
e de
vice
s (F
PG
A,
DSP
, etc
.)
42ID
GA
SDR
Con
fere
nce
Febr
uary
200
6
Laye
r Def
initi
ons
Phys
ical
laye
r of t
he h
ardw
are
mod
ules
exi
stin
g on
the
STR
S Pl
atfo
rm.
Com
mun
icat
ion
Equi
pmen
t
The
Har
dwar
e A
bstra
ctio
n La
yer (
HA
L) w
orks
in c
onju
nctio
n w
ith th
e H
W d
river
s to
prov
ide
a pl
atfo
rm in
depe
nden
t vie
w fo
r the
infr
astru
ctur
e an
d ap
plic
atio
ns.
The
Har
dwar
e In
terf
ace
Des
crip
tion
(HID
) def
ines
the
phys
ical
inte
rfac
es th
at a
llow
third
par
ty h
ardw
are
deve
lope
rs to
in
tegr
ate
thei
r pro
duct
s with
a sp
ecifi
c ST
RS
plat
form
. Th
e B
oard
Sup
port
Pack
age
(BSP
) pr
ovid
es th
e ha
rdw
are
abst
ract
ion
of th
e G
PM m
odul
e fo
r the
PO
SIX
-com
plia
nt O
pera
ting
Syst
em.
HA
L/H
ID/B
SP
The
hard
war
e dr
iver
s pro
vide
the
plat
form
inde
pend
ence
to th
e so
ftwar
e an
d in
fras
truct
ure
by
abst
ract
ing
the
phys
ical
har
dwar
e in
terf
aces
into
a c
onsi
sten
t Dev
ice
Con
trol A
PI.
HW
Driv
ers
This
laye
r ide
ntifi
es th
e ab
ility
for t
he S
TRS
infr
astru
ctur
e to
have
a d
irect
inte
rfac
e to
the
hard
war
e dr
iver
s on
the
plat
form
.D
irect
Ser
vice
Sup
port
The
STR
S de
fines
a m
inim
um P
OSI
X A
EP fo
r the
allo
wed
OS
serv
ices
. Th
is la
yer c
an e
ither
co
nsis
t of a
com
plia
nt P
OSI
X R
TOS,
or b
y a
POSI
X A
EP A
bstra
ctio
nin
con
junc
tion
with
a
non-
com
plia
nt R
TOS.
POSI
X O
S
The
STR
S in
fras
truct
ure
impl
emen
ts th
e be
havi
or a
nd fu
nctio
nalit
y id
entif
ied
by th
e ST
RS
API
s.
STR
S In
fras
truct
ure
The
STR
S A
PIs p
rovi
de a
con
sist
ent i
nter
face
for e
xecu
ting
the
appl
icat
ions
and
serv
ices
.ST
RS
API
This
laye
r enc
ompa
sses
the
wav
efor
m a
nd a
pplic
atio
n en
titie
s tha
t use
the
serv
ices
of t
he S
TRS
infr
astru
ctur
e to
per
form
the
desi
red
func
tiona
lity.
App
licat
ion
/ Ser
vice
s
Des
crip
tion
Lay
er