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S O U T H E R N S T A N D A R D B U I L D I N G C O D E

ADOPTED NOVEMBER 16, 1945, AT THE

I ANNUAL RESEARCH CONFERENCE Birmingham, Alabama

I : 1969 EDITION

I WITH REVlStONS AND CHANGES OFFICIALLY . APPROVED AT ANNUAL CONGRESS

ORLANDO, FLA., November 10th-14th. 1947 GALVESTON, TEXAS, November 121h.I61h, 1948 NASHVILLE, TENN.. November 131h.161h. I949 ST. PETERSBURG, RA.. November 12th-15th. I950 MOBILE, ALA., November 41h.71h. 1951 GREENVILLE, S. C., November 15lh-19Ih. 1952 SHREVEPORT, LA., November lrt.41h. 1953 DAYTONA BEACH, FLA., November 14th-181h, 1954 BIRMINGHAM, ALA., November 61h.9Ih. 1955 AUGUSTA. GA., November 1 llh.151h. 1956 ST. PETERSBURG, FLA., November IOth.131h. 1957 BILOXI, MISS., November 91h.lZlh. 1958 CHATTANOOGA, TENN., November 1st-4th. 1&59 BIRMINGHAM, ALA., October 3Oth.Navember 2nd. 1960 SHREVEPORT, LA., November 51h41h, 1961 CLEARWATER, FLA., November l llh-15th. 1962 DALLAS, TEXAS. November 10lh-14th. 1963 MOBILE, ALA., October 25th-291h. 1964 MIAMI BEACH, FLA.. November 7.11, 1965 MEMPHIS. IENN., November 13.17. I966 NORFOLK, VA., November 12.16, I967 NEW ORLEANS, LA., Ooober 27.31, 1966

COPYRIGHT 1969 BY

SOUTHERN BUlLDiNG CODE CONGRESS ' 1 1 16 BROWN-MARX BU~LDING BIRMINGHAM, ALABAMA 35203 , '

SOUTHERN BUILDING CODE CONGRESS 1 1 1 6 B R O W N - M A R X B U I L D I N G , B I R M I N G H A M , A L A B A M A 3 5 2 0 3

OFFICIALS AND BOARD OF TRUSTEES 8. GLENN HATFIELO Praident

Bui lding Official, c~ lumbur . G a .

MYRON J. SASSER, Prsrident.Ebrt Chief I n i n ~ i t i o n S t m i a r Birni i iwl~l0l , Alabama

CLYDE E. FANT, Mayor Slire~eliort, Louisiana

GEORGE W. FAY. Bidg. Official pinellas County. Cleamatei. Florida

FREO GRILLS. Bui lding Off i r in l I K i ~ ~ g s i ~ w t . TC~~~CIIEC t

FORREST NELSON, B u i l d i ~ ~ g O l f i t i l l Beaumont. Texas

HOWARD E. YEAGER, Co. Conla., Mobile Counb Mobile, Al lhama

HUBERT N. CARAWAY, E x e i a t i r ~ Director THOMAS M. MOSES, Technical O i n r t o r

BUILDING CODE RESEARCH AND REVISION COMMITTEE

E o W l N B. LANCASTER, Clliirnian A.1.A. Ar rh ib r t , P. 0 . B m 10, Auburn. A h .

WILLIAM BRANAN, JR., Building Olf ic ial L. P. HAMILTON, Engineer M ~ T O I I . Gcom~a State of South Camli i~a. Columbia, S. C.

IKERN E. CHURCH. Eilliinecr CECIL 8. HARRISON slate o l ~ o r l i ~ carol inr, Rx l~ ivh . N. C. C l~ ie f Bltln. I~II,~.. T d l ~ l ~ n r c c . Florida

LLOYD CLARI(S0N. Building O f f i r i l l G. C. MATHEWS, d l t i l f Bui lding I s y w t a r Coiptir Chri l t i . Texas Hi l l$borol~gh County, Florida

T a ~ y a . Flor ida

BUILDING CODE ADVISORY C C j M M l T T E E

WILLIAM J. BUSSJAEGER, Cilairnlan C. M. JONES Buildinn Official B t l i l d i g o t f i c ~ ~ l . Sliriby Cotzilt? Jarxronri l lb Btarlr. Florida M~IIYIIII, Ttnl le ls l~

A. J. MrGEE, Building Off i r ia l W. C. BELOTE, b i l d i n o Ofi i r ia l Lake City. South Carolina

Y a m C i b , M i a i s i a i DON FOX, Buildi,10 and Hauling

RiCHARO F. REYNOLOS. C l~ ie f I n r ~ e l o r

Victoria. Texnr Hunl lr i l le, Alabnnla

W. N. HEARN. Building Oflicinl CHARLES ROYSE. Bailli i i lg Of i i t ia l Jn.kl.n. Tellnerlee Pine Bluff. Arka lmr

H. C. HOGGARD. Buildins Off ic ial B. 5. TRANT. Building O l f i c i i l Norfolk. Virginia Poitrmoutil. V imin ia

TOM HENLEY. B u i l d i w Of f i r ia l W. B. WRIGHT, Bui lding Ol f i t ia l Ga inr r~ i l le . Floi ldn G l y i ~ l i CO~>II~Y. Biunr*tirk, Georgia

E. C. YOi(LEY, Gcnrial Colillrrlor

This doculnent represents the partnership 01 resources

of many, many thousands of dollars from cities, to\vns,

counties, States, industries, laboratories, educational and

research institutions. Cities and Counties can ill affonl

a lai,ge outlay of funds to write a building code. They

can best be served by this instrument, and so availahle.

Twenty-four years of dedicated effort by the best talents

of the profession have resulted in this 1969 edition of the

Southern Stantlard Building Code, and which is made

available to you.

The Southern Standard Building Code is produced and

kept modernized by the Southern Building Code Congress,

a nonproiit an11 non-political scrviclng organization, and

is sustained by memberships.

This Southern Standard Building Code can sueeessfullg

servc in the largest City o r County a s well a s the smallest

village o r township - wherever buildings a r e built and

wherever structures a re erected.

HOW TO USE THE SOUTHERN

STANDARD BUILDING CODE

The Southern Standard Building Code i s recognized for i ts simplicity of understandable language, ease of interpretation, application and use. I t is a l)erfolmance Code rather than a specification Code. I t is permissive in nature ra ther than prohibitive. I t is not intended that 1l1e usei. attempt lo memorize its contents l o r practical application.

There a1.e three basic steps, outlines or procetlures for its general use in checking or review of buildil~g plans or compliance for building permit.

I. WHAT is the OCCUPANCY of the building or HOW is i t to be USED.

(a ) Refer to Chapter IV f a r selection, of occupancy.

(b) Follow the outlines of requirements and their references in Chapter IV.

(c) Allowable height and area p~.ovisions.

11. WHERE is the building to be LOCATED, inside or ' outside the fire district.

( a ) Refer to Chapter 111 and proceed accordingly.

111. WHAT is the TYPE of CONSTRUCTION contem- plated.

( a ) Refer to Chapter VI for classification of construction type.

(b) Fallow the Tables and outline of regulations and requirements and their references in Chapter VI.

TABLE OF CONTENTS ltI~:I~'I~:I<I~:N(~II I N I ) I C S IZOREWORD HOW TO USE BUILDING COD14:

CHAPTER I , -Administration CHAPTER I1 -Definitions CHAPTER I11 , -Fire District CHAPTER IV - Classificatiol~ of Buildings by Occui~ancy ~. ~ ~ ~

CHAPTER V -Special Occupancy Rcquiren~cnts CHAPTER VI -Classification of Buildings by Construction CHAPTER VII - Fire Protection Requirements CHAPTER VIII -Chimneys, Fireplaces and Heating Equ i~~men t CHAPTER IX - Sprinklers and Standili~les CHAPTER X - Pire Resistance Standards for Mnlc!.ials ;lnd

Constructiorl CHAPTIER XI -Means of Egress Require~nents CHAPTER XI1 -Minimum Design Loads CHAPTER XI11 -Foundations, I.'aotings and ISseavatians

, CHAPTER XIV -Masonry construction '

CHAPTER XV -Steel Construction CHAPTER XVI -Concrete Constructiol~ CHAPTER XVII -Wood Co~~struct ion CHAPTER XVIII -Lathing, Plastering and gyp sun^ Wallboarrl CHAPTER XIX - Rat-Proof Construction CHAPTER XX -Light, Ventilation and Sanitation CHAPTER XXI -Safeguards During Construction CHAPTER XXII -Use of Public Property CHAPTER XXIII -Signs and Outdoor Displays CHAPTER XXIV -Elevators and Escalators CHAPTER XXV -Prefabricated Construction and Mobile Humus

Over Eight Feet Wide CHAPTER XXVI -Plastics CHAPTER XXVII -Glass CHAPTER XXVIII - Aluminu~n Construction APPENDIX "A" -Weights of Building ~ a l e r i i l s APPENDIX "B" -Fire Resistance Ratings for Haterials and .

Construction APPENDIX "C" -Wood Preservatives APPENDIX "D" -Hurricane Requirements APPENDIX "E" -Recommended Guide for Sound Isolation in

Multi-Family Dwellings APPENDIX "F" -Pallout Shelter Construction APPENDIX "G" -Recommaended Guide for Establishment or a

Fire District APPENDIX "H" -Alternate Chapter IV and Chapter VI,

Classifications of Buildings by Oecul~ancy and

CROSS INDEX

Reference Index

The purpose of this Reference Index is to catalog by name and address those agencies, associations, institutes and others who a r e reklrrred to in this code by name, initials o r symbols. Further there a r e those listed, for convenience, whose teclunical and other selvices a r e made available to tile Building Official.

A A Aluminum Association 420 Lexington Avenue, New York, Ne\v York 10017.

ACI American Concrete Institnte 18263 W. McNichols Road, Detroit 19, Michigan

APIA American llardboard Association 20 North Wncher D~.ive, Cl~icnp), Illinois <iOhOC.

AHA American Hospital Association 840 N. Lakeshore Drive, Chicago, Illinois 60Gll

u AIMA Acoustical and Insulating Materials Associat io~~ i 205 West Totthy Avenue, I'ark Ridge, Illinois 60068.

AISC A~nerican Institute of Steel Construction, Inc. 101 Park Avenue, New York, New York 10017.

AISI American Iron and Steel Institute 633 Third Avenue, New Yorl<, New York 10017.

AITC American Institute of Timber Constluction. 1100 17th Street, N.W;, Washington, D. C. 20036

API American Petroleun~ Institute 1625 If Street, NW, Washington, D. C. 20005

APA American Plywood Association 1119 A Street, Tacoma, Washington OS401

ARMA Asphalt Roofing Manufacturers Association 2990 Richmond Avenue, Hoiiston, Texas 77006.

ASHRAE American Society of Heating, ReIrigeration alul Air ' n lneers Conditioning C g'

United Engineering Center 345 Eas t 47th Street, New Yark, New Yorl; 10017.

ASTM American Socicty l o r Testing and Materials 1916 Race Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19103.

AWPA American Wood Preservers Association 839 17th Street, NW, Washington, D.C. 20006

AWPI American Wood Preservers Institute 2fiOO Virginia Avenue, N.W., Washington, D. C. ?OO:37.

F P L

F S

GOAA

HPMA

IBRM

MBMA

MCA

MI<llfA

ML A

NASFCA

NBFU

NllS

NCM A

American Welding Society, Inc. :!.I5 1?:1:;1. ,17111 S l v a ~ ~ ~ l , Nvw Yorlc, N n v Yorl< lilO17.

Cl;ly I'rotlucts Association 11 I Wrst Washington Street, Chicago, Illinois 60602.

Concrete Reinforcing Steel Inslitute 228 North LaSalle Street, Chicago, Illinois 60601.

Co~nnlercial Standards (U. S. Dept. of Commerce) Superintendent of Documents, Govelnment Pl int ing Office, Washington, D. C. 20402.

Forest Products Laboratory , Madison, Wisconsin 53705.

Federal Specifications Supt. of Documents, Government Printing Office Washington, D. C. 20234.

Gygsum Association 201 North Wells Street, Chicago, Illinois 60606.

General Outdoor Advertising Association 22 Grand Street, New Rochelle, New Yorlc

Hardwood Plywood ~ a n u f a c t u r e r ' s Association 2310 S. Walter Reed Drive, Arlington, Virginia 22206.

Institute of Boiler and Radiator Manufacturers 608 Fifth Avenue, New York, New York 10020.

Metal Building Manufacturers Association 2130 Keith Building, Cleveland, Ohio 44115.

i Chemisls' >\ssoei;rtian, Ine. 1825 Connecticut Avenue, NW., Washington, D. C. 20006.

Mobile Homes Manufacturers Association 20 North Wacker Drive, Cliicago, Illinois 60606.

Metal Lath Association 221 N. l>:tS:!ll<~ Sl.~.vc,l. C:ltiv:tgo, lllinc~is G O G O I .

National Automatic Sprinkler and Fire Control Asso- ci:~lion, lnc. 2 l~lollan,l A\.r!nue, White I'lains, New Yurli l0(jO:<.

National 13oard of Fire Underwriters 85 John Street, New Yorlc, New Yorlc 10038.

National Bureau Standards (U. S. Dept. of Commerce) Suilt. of Documents, Government Printing Office, Washington, D. C. 20402.

National Concrete Masonry Association P. 0. Box 1185, Rosslyn Sta., Arlington, Virginia 22209.

i i

NEMI National Elevator Manufacturing Induslry. Inc 101 r:,~l< A,.,,I,~w, NW Y O Y I ~ , N W YOTI< '1nn17.

NFPA National Fire l'rotection Association ti0 Batlerymarch Slrcet, Ilostan, Massachusclls 02110.

NForPA National Forest Producls Associalion 1619 Massachusetts Avenue, N.W., Washington, D. C. 20036.

NLA National Lime Association 4000 Brandywine Street, N.W., Washington, D. C. 20016.

NPA National Particleboard Association 711 14th Street, N.W., Washington, D. C. 20005.

NPCA , National Pest Control Association : 250 West Jersey Street, Elizabeth, New Jersey

NWAH-ACA National Warm Air Heating & Air Conditioning Association 640 Engineers Building, Cleveland, Ohio 44114.

lib , OSU Ohio State University, Engineering Esperiment Station ' 2070 Neil Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43210.

PCA . - Portland Cement Association 5420 Old Orchard Road, Skokie, Illinois 60076.

PC1 Prestressed Concrete Institute 205 West Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois GOGOG.

PHMI Prefabricated Home 'Manufacturers Institute Shoreham Builrling, washing lo^^, D. C. 20005.

l'erlilc Institule 45 West 45th Street, New Vorli, Ne\v Yorlc 10036.

PTL Pittsburgh Testing Labor:~tory 1330 Locust Streel, Pittsln~rgli, l'oinsylvania 15211.

RCSHSB Rctl Cctl;n Shingle :uncl FI:rnrlsl,lit SIi;tLc Ruronu 5510 Whito Building, Senltlc, Wasliinglun 98101.

SCPI Structural Clay Products Institute 1750 Old Meado\\, Road, McClean, Vil.ginia 22101.

SDI Steel Door Institute 2130 Iceith Building, Clevelancl, Ohio 44115.

SGA Southern Gas Association 924 Life Building, Dallas, Tcsns 75202

S J I Steel Joist Institute 2001 Jefferson Davis Highway, Arlington, Va. 22202.

SMACCNA

SPA

S P I

SPIB

SWRI

TCA

T P I

IJLI

USASI

VI

WWPA

Sheet Metal (PT Air Conditioiliilg Contractor's Nat. Assn. 1G11 No. T i v ~ ~ l . SI.I.IYL, Avlingt<,n, Virginin 22209.

Soull ic~n Pinc Associntion N:~timn:~l 1l:lnli r r l ' C o n i m n r . ~ Th~il<linp, P. 0. 170s 5.21G8 NLY!' OI'~V:L!IS, l~~~t! is i : t~,a 70150,

Society of Plastics Industry, Inc. 250 Parlc Avenue, New Porl;, New Yorlc 10017.

Southern Pine Inspection Bureau P. 0. Box 846, Pensacola, Florida 32502.

Southwest Research Institute 8500 Colebra Road, San Antonio, Texas 78228.

Tile Council of America 1'. 0 . 110s 326, Princeton, New Jersey 08540.

Truss Plate Institute 900 18th Street, Washington, D. C. 20006

Underwriters' Laboratories, Inc. 207 Eas t a h i o Street, Chicago, Illinois 60611.

United States of America S tan~la rds Institute 1430 131oad\vay, New York, New Yorlc 10018.

Vermiculite Illstitute 208 Solith LaSalle Street, Chicago, Illinois 60604.

Western Wood Products Association 700 Yeon Building, Portland, Oregon 97204.

CHAPTER I-ADMINISTRATION

SECTION 101 - TITLE AND SCOPE

101.1 -'rl'rLE

The provisions embraced within the following chapters and sections shall constitute and be known and may be cited a s "The Building Code" hereinafter referred to a s "this code."

101.2 -CODE IlEMEDIAL

This code is hereby declared to be remedial, and shall be construed to secure the beneficial interests and purposes thereof-\vhich

' are public safety, health, and general welfare-through structural strength, stability, sanitstion, adequate light and ventilation, and safety to life and property from fire am1 other hazards incident to the construction, alteration, repair, removal, demolition, iise and occupancy of buildings, structures, o r premises.

101.3 -SCOPE

(a ) The provisions of this code shall apply to the construction, alteration, repair, equipment, use and occupancy, location, maintenance, removal and demolition, of every building o r structure o r any al~purtenailces connected o r attached to such buildillgs or structure's.

(b) No provision of this code shall be held to deprive any ie~lernl o r s ta te agency, o r any applicable governing body Raving jurisdiction, of any power o r authority which i t had on the effective date of this act o r of any remedy then existing f o r the enforcement of its orders, nor shall i t deprive any individual or c o r p o r a t i o ~ ~ of its legal rights a s provided by law.

101.4 - ICSISTINC BUILDINGS

(a ) If, within any period of twelve months, alterations o r repairs costing in excess '01 i i i t y percent of the then physical \.nluc of the building a re made to an existing building, such building shall be lnatle to conform to the requiren~ents of this code for new buildings, also that i o r bui1dii1g.s located in f i rc dist~.icts the pro\-isions of Scctiuns 302.1 and 302.2 shall a l~ply.

(b) If a n existing building is damaged by fire o r other!vise ill csccss of fifty l>crcent of its thcn l>hysical va l i~e before such d a ~ n n g e is repaired, i t shall be made to conforn~ to the require~nents of this code for new buildings.

(c) If the cost 01 such alteratiolis or rcpairs, or thc amount of such damage, is more than twenty-five but not more than f i f ty percent of the then value of the building, the llortions to be altered or regaired s l~a l l bc made to conform to the requirements of this code f o r new buildings to such extent a s the Building Official ]nay detelmine.

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(d) F o r the purpose of this section physical value of the build- in17 : : l > : ~ l l Iw < l v l v ~ ~ ! ~ > i ~ > r v l 11y 1 1 1 ~ l l t ~ i l ~ l i ! ~ ~ ? OI'I'i<,i:>l.

( I ! ) 11 ' 111~ (ICCLIII:LIICY 01' it11 c x i s t i ! ~ ~ l>uiltling is cnti:.~ly chanacd lllc l,uil<lit~g s l ~ ; ~ l l hc made Lo cot~Ionn to the rcquire~nents of this ccldr Tor llw ~,c\v ol.?ul,:tnry. II' Lhc i,eculr:uney of only a porlion of all existing building is changed and tha t portion is separated from the remainder a s s t i l~uiated in Section 412, then only such portion need be made to conforn?.

( f ) Repairs and alterations, not covered by the preceding para- graphs of this section, restoring a building to i ts condition previous to damage o r deterioration, or altering i t in conformity with the provisions of this code o r in such manner a s will not extend o r increase an existing non-conformity or hazard, may be made with the same Idnd of materials a s those of which the building is constructed; but not more than twenty-five percent of the roof covering of a building shall be replaced in any period of twelve months unless the entire roof covering is made to conforni with the requirements of this code f o r new buildings.

101.5 -MAINTENANCE All buildings o r structures, both existing and new, and all par ts

thereof, shall be maintained in a safe and sanitary condition. Ail ~icviccs 01. s : t fc~u:n~ls \\.hich a r c required by this code in a building \rl~ezl creetetl, :~ltcrccl, o r rc~)airetl, shall bc maintainerl in good wol.li- ing order. The owner, or his designated agent, shall be responsible for the maintenance of buildings and structures.

SECTION 102 - ORGANIZATION

102.1 -BUILDING OFFICIAL (a) There is hereby established a department to be called the

Building Department, which shall be in charge of a Building Official. (b) The Building Official shall have had a t least ten years' ex-

perience a s an architect, engineer, building inspector, building contractor, or superintendent of building construction, f o r five years of which he shall have been in responsible charge of work. H e shall he a l~goin te~ l by the Chief Appointing Authority 01" the municipality. His al?pointment shall continue during good behavior and satisfactory service. He shall not be removed from office except f o r cause a f te r full opportunity has been given him to be heard on specific charges before such Chief Appointing Authority.

102.2 - INSI'ECTORS l'lic Building OIIicial, will1 the approval 01 the Chiel Appointing

Authority, may appoint such number of officers, inspectors, assistants, .. and other employees a s shall be authorized from time to time. No

person shall l>c appointed a s inspector of construction who has not had a t least five years' experience. a s a Building Inspector, builder, engineer, architect, o r a s a superintendent, foreman, o r competent n ~ e d ~ a n i c in charge of construction.

1 - 2

102.3 -DEPUTY TI,,. i ~ ~ ~ i l ~ ~ i ~ , ~ ; nrric.i,,l i,lilhr ,I~.:~IRI,:,I.,. :,$ I S ~ R d ~ l l l t l ~ s r l l l l , ~ ~ q f ~ ~ .

in Lhc clcl,:~t.tmcnt who shrill, <lul.ing Lhc al>scncc or <lis;~l,iliLy ol' Lhc Uuilding OIficial cscrcisc all Lhc powct.s r , l ihc iluil<litlg 0fCici:tl.

102.4 - IlESTIlICTIONS ON EiVIPLOPEES

No officer o r en~ployee connected with' the department, except one whose only connection is a s a member of the board, established by this act, shall be financially interested i.n the furnishing of. labor, material, o r appliances f o r the construction, alteration, o r maintenance of a building, o r in the making of plans or of specifications ,

therefor, unless he is the owner of such building. No such officer o r employee shall engage in any. work which is inconsistent with his duties o r with the interests of the department.

102.5 -RECORDS

The Building Official shall keep, o r cause to be kept, a record of the business of the department. The reconls of the del~artment shall be open to public inspection. *

SECTION 103 - POWERS AND DUTIES OF BUILDING OFFICIAL

103.1 -RIGHT O F ENTllY

The Building Official shall enforce the provisions of this cod$, and he, o r his duly authorized repl.esentaLivc, may enter any hriild- ing, structure, o r premises to perform any duty imposed upon him by this code.

103.2 -STOP WORK ORDERS

Upon notice from the Building Official t h a t \ v o ~ k 011 any huilding o r structure i s being done contrary to the provisions of this code o r in a dangerous o r unsafe manner, such \vorlc shall be imme(1iately stopped. Such notice shall be in writing and shall be given to the owner of the property, o r to his agent, o r to the person doing the work, and shall s t a te the conditions under which work may be re- sumed. Where an emergency exists, no written notice shall be reqiiired to be given by the Building Official.

103.3 -REVOCATION O F PEIII\IITS

The Building Official may revoke a pennit o r approval, issued under the provisions of this act, in case there has been any false statement o r misreprcsentatiol~ a s to a ~ ~ l a i c r i a l Tact in the application o r plans on which the permit o r approval was hased.

103.4 -UNSAFE BUILDINGS

(a ) All buildings o r structures which a re unsafe, unsanitary, o r not provided with adequate egress, o r which constitute a f i re hazard,

1 - 3

or a re otherwise rlangerous to Iiuman life, o r wliicli in relation to rsisl.i~lr: tlsr i~n~isl.i l .~ltr n 11:tz:llrl to snf~l :y 01. l~c:!ltll l ~ y I.PZSOII of in- ;ulcguatc ~naiiilcnance, l i l i l t i o ~ i , obsolcscc~~c, o r abandonment, are. severally in contemplation of this section, unsafe buildings. All such unsafe buildings a re lierehy declared illegal and shall be abated by repair a ~ i d ~eliabilitation or by den~olition in accordance witli the f o l l o ~ ~ ~ i n g procedure:

(1) Whenever the Building Official shall find a n y building o r structure o r portion thereof to be unsafe, a s defined in this section, lie shall, in accordance with established procedure f o r legal notices, give the owner, agent, o r person in control of sucli building o r structure written notice s tat ing the defects thereof. 'This notice shall require the owner wit11 a stated time either to complete specified repairs o r improvements, or to clemolisli and remove the building o r structure o r portion thereof.

( 2 j If necessary, such notice sliall also require tlie building, '

structure or portion thereof to he vacated forthwith and not reoccu- pied until tlie specified repairs and improvements a r e completed, in- suected and aa1,roved bv the Buildine Official. The Buildine Official silall r a u s e t ; be posted a t each entyance to such buildinga. notice: "THIS BUILDING I S UNSAFE AND ITS U S E OR OCCUPANCY HAS BEEN PROHIBITED BY T H E BUILDING OFFICIAL.!' Such

-notice shall remain posted until the required repairs a r e made o r <lemolitio~i is camllletetl. I t shall bc nnlewfnl l o r any person, i i rm o r corpol.ation o r their agents, o r other servants, to remove such notice \vitl~out written permission of the B u i l ~ l i ~ ~ g OECicial, o r f o r any person to enter the building except f o r the purpose of making the required repairs o r of demolishing same.

(3) Tlie owner, agent or person in control shall have the right, esecpt in cnses of emergency, to appeal fro111 tlie decision of tlie Buildinr Official, a s urovided hereinafter, and to aln,ear before the Board *;f ~ d j u s t k e n t i and Appeals a t a specified time and place to show cause \\.l~y lie shoold not comply with said notice.

(1) In c:~sc tlic owner, agent, o r ]~c l~son i n control cannot 1,c found \vitI~in tlic stated tiliie limit, or, if such owner, agent, or person in cont1.01 sliall fail, neglect, or refuse to comply witli notice to repair, rehabilitate, or to demolish and remove said building or struc- turc 01, portion thereof, the Building Official, af ter having ascer- tained the cost, shall cause such building o r stl.ucture or portion thereof, to be deniolisl~ed, secured, o r required to remain vacant.

(5) The decision of the Building Official shall be final in cases o i emergency \vliicli, in his opinion, involve imminent danger to hu- inan life o r liealtl~. H e shall promptly cause such building, structure, or portion thereof to be mads safe o r removed. F o r this purpose he may a t once enter such striicture o r land on which i t stands, or abutting land o r structiires, with such assistance and a t such cost a s he may deem necessary. He may vacate adjacent s t r~ ic tures and protect the public by appropriate fence o r such other means a s may be necessary, and for this purpose niay close a public o r private way.

1-4

( 6 ) Costs incurred liiider paragrnplis 103.4(a) (4) and 103.4(a)(S) shall hr cha~.pod tn tlir nwne r o f t l ~ r ~ n r m i s ? s involrrd and sliall bc collcclctl ill tho m;rnt~er ])rovi<lc<l by la!v.

103.5 - REQUIIZEWIENTS NOT COVERED BY CODE

Any requirement necessary f o r the strength o r stability of an existing o r proposed building o r structure, or f o r the safety or health of the occupants thereof, not specifically covered by this code, shall be determined by the Building Official subject to appeal to the Board of Adjustments and Appeals.

103.6 - A1,TEItNATE MATERIALS AND ALTEI<NATE METHODS O F CONSTRUCTION ,

The provisions of this code a re not intended to prevent the use of any material, o r method of construction no t , specifically prescribed by this code, provided any such alternate h a s been approved and i ts use authorized by tlie Building Official. The Building Official shall approve a n y sucli a l t e n ~ a t e , provided he finds tha t the proposed

,, design is satisfactory and coniplies with the l i rovis io~~s of Chapter , XII, and tha t the material, method, or worh offered is, for the pur-

pose intended, a t least the equivalent of t h a t prescribed in the code in quality, strength, effectiveness, fire-resistance, durability, and safety. The Building OPlicial shall reailire t h a t sufficient evidence o r proof be submitted to substantiate any claini t h a t ]nay he made regarding i ts usc. IC, in the opinion of thc Roilding Official, the cvi- dence and proof a r e not sufficient to justify approval, the applicant may refer the entire mat te r to the Board of Adjustments and Ap- peals a s stipulated in Section 111.

103.7 -LIABILITY

Any officer o r en~ployee, o r member of the Board of Adjustments and Ap])eals, charged with the enforcement of this code, acting f o r the apl)licalrle governing body in the discliargc o l his dulics, shall iiol: thereby render himself liable personally, and he i s hereby relieved from all personal liability f o r any damage tha t may accrue to persons o r nroperty a s a result of any act requircd o r permitteri in the discharge of his duties. Any suit brought against any officer o r employee because of such act perfonned by hini in the e n f o r c e ~ i ~ e ~ i t of any provision of this code shall be defended by the Department of Law until the final termination of tlie proceedings.

103.8 -REPORTS

Tlie Building Official shall annually sitbinit a report to tlie Chief Administrator covering the work of the department during the preceding year. H e shall incorpo1,ate in said report a summary of the decisions of the Board of Adjustments and Appeals during said year.

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SECTION 104 - TESTS Tllr l l u / l d i n ~ 0rrici:ll 111:1)' I , C ~ ~ I ~ I . P t~?s t s 01- I.cst ~.c~oI.Is :IS ~)I.oo(.

oC coni))liancc. Tcsls, i C ~.eqi~il.cd, ;we to bc made a t tlic espcnsc oT the owner, or his agent, by an approved testing laboratory or other approved agency. Copies oC such test reports or the results of all such tests shall be kept on file in the office of the Building Official.

SECTION 105 - APPLICATION FOR PERMIT

105.1 -WHEN REQUIRED ( a ) Any owner, authorized agent, or contraitor who desires t o

construct, enlarge, alter, repair, move, demolish, or change the occu- paney of a building or structure, or to erect, or construct a sign of any description, or to install or alter fire-extinguishing apparatus, elevators, engines, or to install a steam boiler, furnace, heater, incin- erator, or other lieat producing apparatus, or other appurtenances, the installation of which i s regulated by this code, or to cause any such work to be done, shall first make apl~lication to the Building Official and obtain the required permit therefor.

(b) A general permit shall carry with i t the right to install in any building or structure, or part thereof, heating apparatus, elevators, sidewalk elevators, vaults, chutes, coal boles, lifts, cranes, der- ricks, steam power boilers, steam, oil, gas or va l~or engines, provided the same are shown on the drawings and set forth in the specifications filed with the a1)l)iieation for the pennit; but where these a re not sIio!vn on the drawings and covered by the specifications submitted with said application, special permits shall be required.

(c) Ordinary minor repairs may be made with the approval of the Boilding Ollicial without a 11el.mit; provi<lcd that such repairs shall not violate any of the provisions of this code.

(11) Wherc eonslruclion is commenced belore a Pcmiit i s obtained, the Permit Fees shall be doubled.

(e ) See Section 504 for Temporary Structures.

105.2 - 1'0111)I ( a ) Each application for a pennit with the required fee, shall be

filed with the Building Official, on a form furnished by him, and shall contain a general description of the proposed work and i ts location. The application shall be signed by the owner, or his authorized agent.

(b) Each application for a permit shall indicate the proposed occupancy of all parts of the building and of tha t portion of the site or lot, if any, not covered by the building or structure, and shall contain such other information a s may be required by the Building Of- ficial.

105.3 -DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS (a) When required by the Building Official, two or more copies

of specifications, and of drawings drawn to scale with sufficient clar- ity and detail to indicate the nature and character of the work, shall

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accompany every application. Such drawings and specifications shali contain information. in the form of notes or othe~wise, a s to the quality of inalcri:tls, wllcrc qunlily is csscnli;~l lo cr,nlot.mily with this rodc. Such inforn~ation shall bc specific. ;rnd this codc sh:~ll not he cited a s a whole or in part, nor shall the term "legal" or i ts equivalent be used, a s a substitute for specific information.

lb ) The Buildine Official mav reauire details. comuntations. , , - " . stress diagrams, and other data necessary td describe the constlvction and basis of calculations and they shall bear the signature of the person responsible fo r the design.

(c) All drawings, specifications, and accon~panying data shall bear the natrie and address of the designer. In the case of buildings or structures of Group C, D and E Occupancy, and all buildings or structures exceeding two stories in height or 5000 square feet in area, except one and two family dwellings, such designer sllall be an architect or engineer legally registered under the laws of this state regulating the practice of architecture or engineering and shall affix his official seal to said drawings, specifications and accompanying data.

105.4 -PLOT DIAGRAM

The Building Official shall require drawings showing the location of the proposed building or structure and of every existing building or structure on the site or lot. He may also require a boundary line survey, if necessary, prepared by a qualified surveyor.

105.5 -LIMITATION

An application for a permit for any proposed work shall be deemed to have been abandoned six months af ter the date of filing, unless before then a permit shall have been issued; provided that, for cause, one or more extensions of time for periods o r not esecctl- ing ninety days each may be allowed by the Building Official.

105.6 - EXAMINATION O F DRAWINGS

(a) The Building Official shall examine or cause to be examined each application for permit and the drawingi and computations filed therewith and shall ascertain by such examinations whether the construction indicated and described i s in accordance with the requirements of this code and all other pertinent laws or ordinances.

(b) Permits isstled upon Architects or E~lg i~ leers affidavits. The Builfling Official may accept a sworn affidavit from a registered architect or engineer stating that the plans submitted conform to the laws as to egress, type of construction and general arrangement and if accompanied by drawing showing the structural design, and by a statement tha t the plans and design conform to the requirements of this code as to strength, stresses, strains, loads and stability, he may without any examination or inspection accept such affidavit, provided the Architect or Engineer xvho made such affidavit agrees to submit to the Building Official, on the completion of the structure

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a cel.tification tha t the structure has been erected in accordance with thc rrqllil.cmrnt.s or this roclr. W11o1.e thP Ijlli ldill~ Ollicial relics upon sveh al'firla\,il, Lhc architect o r engineer shall assume fllll responsibility for the compliance arith all provisions of this code and/or othei. pertinent l:~\vs o r ortlinances.

105.7-STREET LINES

No permit shall be given by the Building Official for the construction of any building, o r for the alteration of any building where I

said i~ui l~l inl : is to he chzrnged and such change will affect the exterior \\.nIls, bays, balconies, or other appendages o r projections rl.onli~>x ;I l ly S ~ I ~ C ~ ~ ; ~ , : L I I o ~ <>I. pol>lic I:LI,c, OL. COI. tllc placing "11 any lot o r j~rcmises of any building o r structure removed from another lot or premises, unless the applicant has made application a t the office of the Director of Public K'nrlcs for the lines of the public s t reet on which lie p~.n]~oses to'build, erect or locate said building; and i t shall be the duty of the Buildinr Official to see t h a t the street lines a r e not encroached ul,on in any manner wl~atsoever, except a s provided for in Chapter SSI I .

SECTION 106 - PERMITS

106.1 - AC'I'ION ON APPLICATION

(8) No person, firm or corporation shall erect, construct, enlarge, alter, repair, move, improve, remove, convert o r demolisl~ a n y building vr structure in the applicable jurisdiction, or cause the same to be clone, \vithout first ohhining a separate building permit f o r such buildings o r structures from the Building Official.

(b) If the Building Official is satisfied tha t the worlc described in an application f o r permit and the drawings filed therewith conform to the requirements of this code and other pertinent laws and ordinances, he shall issue a 11crniit therefor to the applicant.

(e) If the application f o r a permit and the drawings filed therewith describe work which does not conform to the requirements of this code o r other pertinent laws o r ordinances, the Building Official shall not issue a permit, hiit shall return the drawings to the applicant with his refusal to issue sue11 permit. Such refusal shall, when requested, be in writing and shall contain the reasons therefor.

106.2 - CONTItACTORS LICENSI:! AND BOND REQUIRED

I t shall be the duty of every contractor or builder, \\.I10 shall make contracts fo r the erection o r construction or repair of buildings Ior ~ v l ~ i c h a gcmlit is required, and every c o ~ ~ t r a c t o r o r Ibi~ildcr 1na1;- ing such contracts and subletting the same, o r a n y par t thereof, to pay a licensc tax a s i~l.ovidctl in the gencral liccnsc ordinance, am1 to register his ,lame in a book provided l o r tha t purpose, with the Building Official, giving full name, residence and place of business, and, in case of removal f rom one place to another to have made cor- responding change in said register accordingly; and i t shall be the

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further duty of every such person to give good and sufficient bond in the sum or ono thousand dol1m.s ($1.000.00). to be nl,plaved by the Department of Law, conditioned to confonn to the building regulations, the regulations of this section, anrl other ordinances o r laws of the applicable governing body in reference to buildings.

106.3 -CONDITIONS O P T H E PERMIT

The Building Official shall act upon a n application f o r a permit with plans a s filed, o r a s amended, without unl-easonable o r unneces- sa ry delay. A permlt issued shall be construed to be a license to proceed with the work and shall not be construed a s authority to violate, cancel, alter, or set aside any 01 the provisions of this code, nor shall such issuance of a permit prevent the Building Official from thereafter requiring a correction of errors in plans o r in construction, o r of violations of this code. Any permit issued shall become invalid ul~less the worlc authorized by i t shall have been commenced within six ~ n o n t h s af ter i ts issuance, o r if the worl; authorized by such permit is suspended o r abandoned f o r a period of one year af ter the time the worlc is comn~eneed; provided, that , f o r cause, one or more extensions of time, f o r periods not exceeding ninety days each, may

*'he allowed in writing by the Building Official.

106.4-DRAWINGS T O B E K E P T AT S I T E

W h e n the Building Official issues a permit, he shall endorse, in writing, o r stamp, both sets of plans "Approved". One se t of drawings so approved shall be retained by tke Building Official and the other set shall be returned to the applicant. The approved drawings shall be kept a t the site of work and shall be open to inspection by the Building Official o r his authorized representative.

106.5 -PERMITS ISSUED UPON AFPIDAYITS

Whenever a permit is to be issued in reliance upon an affidavit a s provided in Section 105.6 o r whenever the worlc to he covered by a permit involves construction under conditions which, in the opinion of the Building Official, a re hazardous o r complex, the Building Of- ficial shall require t h a t the architect o r engineer who signed the a f - fidavit o r made the drawings o r computations shall supervise such worlc, be responsible f o r i ts conformity with the approvcd dra\vings, and iorthwith upon its completion make and file with the Building Official written affidavit tha t the work has been done in conformity with the approved plans and wit11 the structural provisions of the code. I n the event such architect o r engineer is not available, the owner shall employ in his stead a competent person o r agency whose qunlifications irre approved by the Building Oflicial.

106.6 -FOUNDATION PERMITS

When application f o r permit to erect or eularge a building h a s been filed and pending issuance of such permit, the Building Official may, a t his discretion, i s w e a special permit f o r the foundations of such building. The holder of such a special p e r n ~ i t shall proceed a t

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his own risk and without assurance that a permit for the superstruc- 1 . w ~ \vill I?? r~':!nlccl.

SECTION 107 - FEES

107.1 -GENERAL

No permit shall be issued until the fees prescribed in this section shall have been paid. Nor shall an amendment to a permit be approved until the additional fee, if any, due to an increase in the estimated cost of the building or structure, shall have been paid.

101.2 - FAILUIiE TO OBTAIN A PERMIT

If any person commences any work on a building or structure before obtaining the necessary permit from the applicable governing body, he shall be subject to the lienalty prescribed herein.

107.3 - ACCUllATE RECORDS

The Building Official shall keep a permanent and accurate ac- counting of all permit fees and other monies collected, the names of all persons upon whose account the same was paid, the date and amomxt thereof.

107.4 - SCHEDULE O F PERMIT FEES , ~, On all buildings, structures or alterations requiring a building

permit, as set forth in Section 105, fee shall be paid a s required a t the time of filing application, in accordance with the following schedule:

(a) Permit Fees 1. Where the vali~ation does not exceed $100.00, no fee shall be

required, unless a n inspection i s necessary, in which case there shall be a $1.50 fee.

2. For a valuation over $100.00 u l ~ to and including $15,000.00 the fee shall be $3.00 per thousand or fraction thereof.

3. For a valuation over $15,000.00 u11 to and including $100,000.00, the fee shall be $45.00 for the f i rs t fifteen thousand plus $2.00 for each additional thousend or fraction thereof.

4. For a valuation over $100,000.00 up to and including $500,- 000.00, the fee shall be $215.00 for the f i rs t one hundred thousand plus $1.00 for each additional thousand or fraction thereof.

5. For a valuation over $600,OC0.00 up to and including $1,000,- 000.00, the fee shall be $615.00 for the f i rs t five hundred thousand plus 406 fo r each additional thousand or fraction thereof.

6 . For a valuation over $1,000,000.00, the fee shall be $815.00 fo r the first million pius 15# for each additional tho~isand or fraction thereof.

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(b) Moving of Building or Structures l'oi. U,c tnoving or any building o r s L t . ~ ~ c l i ~ t . ( ~ , 111. I':c shi~ll IBU

$10.00. (c) Demolition of Building or Structures

For the demolition of any building or structure, the fee shall be $4.00.

107.5 -BUILDING PERMlT YALUATIONS

If , in t h e opinion of the Building Official, the valuation of building, alteration, or stlucture appears t o be underestimated on the application, permit shall be denied, unless the applicant can show detailed estimated cost to meet the approval of thh Building Official. Pelmit valuations shall include total cost, such as plumbing, electrical. mechanical equipment and other systen7s.

SECTION 108 - INSPECTIONS

108.1 -INSPECTIONS - GENERAL 0 i (a) Before issuing a permit the Building Official may examine or cause to be examined any building for which an application has been received for permit to enlarge, alter, repair, move, demolish. or change the occupancy thereof. He shall inspect all buildings and structures, from time to time, during and upon completion of the work for which a permit was issued. He shall make a record of every such examination and inspection and of all violations of this code.

(b) When deemed necessary by him, he shall make an inspection of materials or assemblies a t the point of n~anufacture or fabrication. He shall make a record of every such examination and inspection and of all violations of this code.

(c) The Building Official may make, or cause to be made, the inspections called for by these requirements. He may accept reports of inspectors of recognized inspection services provided that af ter investigation he i s satisfied a s to their qualifications and reliability. No certificate called fo r by any provision of these requirements shall be based 04 such reports unless the same are in writing and certified by a responsible office of such service.

108.2 -INSPECTIONS REQUIRED

(a) The Building Official shall inspect or cause to be inspected a t various intervals all construction or work for which a permit i s required, and a final inspection shall be made of every building or structure upon completion, prior to the issuance of the Certificate of Occupancy, a s required in Section 109.

(b) Work requiring a building permit shall not be commenced until the permit holder or his agent shall have posted the building permit card in a conspicuous place on the front of the premises. The permit shall be protected from the weather and in such position a s

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to pelmit the R n i l d i n ~ Official to con\~eniently make the required o~,ll.ivs Lln:l-alrtt. 'I'his pcrn>il. vckrd s1t:tIl 1%; $t~:tit~L:~i~!<xI in! sttcl, position by the peunit holder until the Certificate of Occupa~icy has been issued by thc lluilding Official.

( e ) Thc Uuilding OIIieial up9n 1lotiIicatio;l from the 1)ernlit holder o r his agent shall make the following inspectiolls of buildings and such other inspections a s may be necessary, and shall either approve tha t portion of the construction a s completed o r shall notify the permit holder or his agent wherein the same fails to comply with the law:

Foundation Inspection: To be made a f te r trenches a re exca- 4

vatetl and forms erected.

Frame Inspection: To be made af ter the roof, all framing, fire-blocking and bracing is in place and all pipes, chimneys, and \-cnts a re complctc.

Final Inspectio~l: To be made af ter the b u i l d i ~ ~ g is completed and ready f o r occupancy.

. (d) No worlc shall be done on any par t of a building o r structure beyond the paint indicated in eaclx successive inspection without f i rs t obtaining the written approval of the Building Official. Such written approval shall be given only af ter an inspection shall have been made of each successive step in the construction a s indicated by each of the foregoing three inspections.

(e) No reinforcing steel o r structural f rame work of any par t of any building or structure shall be covered o r concealed in any manner \\,hatsoever \\.ithout f imt obtaining the approval of the Building Official, the designing architect or engineer.

( f ) In all buiidings where plaster is used f o r f i re protection purposes, the permit holder o r his agent shall notify the Building Of- ficial af ter all lathing and backing is in place. No plaster shall be appiied until the approval of the Building Official has been received (See Chapter S).

SECTION 109 - CERTIFICATE OF OCCUPANCY

109.1 -WHEN IIEQUIl<ED

No new building shall be occupied and no change in occupancy of a building or par t of a building shall be made until a f te r the Building Official shall have issued a certificate of occupancy therefor.

109.2 -CONTENTS O F CEI<TII?ICATE

Upon completion of a building hereafter erected in accordance with approved plans, and af ter the final inspection herein referred to, and upon application therefor, the Building Officiai shall issue a certificate ~f occupancy s tat ing the nature of the occupancy permitted, the number of persons f o r each floor when limited by law, the

allowable load per square foot f o r each floor in accordance with the ~ r ~ o ~ ~ i s i n n s or this code.

109.3 -TEMPORARY OCCUPANCY

A temporary certificate of occupancymay be issued f o r a portion o r portions of a building which may safely be occupied prior to final conlpletion of the building.

109.4 -.EXISTING BUILDINGS

A certificate of occupancy f o r ally existing building may be obtained by applying to the Building Official and supplying the information and data necessary to determine compliance with this code for the occupancy intended. Where necessary, in the opinion of the Building Official, two sets of detailed drawings, o r a general inspection, o r both, m a y be required. When, upon examination and inspection, i t i s found tha t the building conforms to the provisions , of this code f o r such occupancy, $1 certificate of occupancy shall be issued.

6, SECTION 110 - POSTING FLOOR LOADS

110.1 -FLOOR LOADS

(a ) No existing o r new building shall be occupied f o r any purpose which will cause the floors thereof to be loaded beyond their safe capacity. The Building Official may permit occupancy of a building f o r mercantile, commercial, or industrial purposes, by a specific business, when he is satisfied t h a t such capacity will not thereby be exceeded.

(b) It shall be the responsibility of the owner, agent, proprietor or occupant of Group F and G Occupancies, o r any occupancy where excessive floor loading i s likely to occur, to employ a competent architect o r engineer in computing the safe load capacity. All such coni- - putations shall be accompanied by an affidavit from the architect o r engineer s tat ing the safe allo\vable floor load on each floor in pounds per sq. ft . uniformly distributed; i t shall thereupon be filed a s a permanent record of the department of building.

110.2 -SIGNS REQUIRED

I n every building o r p a r t of a building used f o r business storage, industrial o r hazardous purposes, the safe floor loads, a s approved by the Building Official, shall be marked on plates of approved design which shall be supplied and securely affixed by the owner of the building in a conspicuous place in each story to which they relate. Such plates shall not be removed o r defaced, and if lost, removed or defaced, shall be replaced by the owner of the building.

110.3-LOADS I N EXCESS O F POSTED CAPACITY

No such owner shall place, o r permit to be placed, on any floor

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of a building a greater load than tlie safe load so determined and , I O S I . ~ < I .

SECTION 1 1 1 - BOARD OF ADJUSTMENTS AND APPEALS

111.1 -APPOINTMENT

There is hereby established a board to be called the Board of Adjustments and Appeals, which shall consist of five (5) members. , Such Board shall be composed of one Architect, one General Con- tractor o r Engineer and three Members a t large from the building industry. The said Board shall be appointed by the Chief Appointing Authority.

111.2-TERM O F OFFICE Of the members first appointed two shall be appointed f o r a

term o l one year, two for a tcrm of two years, one for a term of three years, and thereafter they shall be appointed f o r terms of four years. Vacancies shall be filled for an unexpired term in the manner in which original appointments a re required to be made. Continued absence of any member from regular meetings of the Board shall, a t thc discretion of the Chief Appointing Authority, render a n y sucli member liable to immediate removal from olfice.

111.3- QUORUAl 'rliree members of the board shall constitute a quorum. I n vary-

ing the application of any provisions of this code o r in modifying a n order of the Building Official, affirmative votes of the majority present, but not less than three affirmative votes shall be required. No board member shall act in a case in which he has a personal interest.

111.4 - KECOIlDS The Building Official shall act a s Secretary of the Board of Ad-

justments and Appeals and shall make a detailed record of all i ts proceedings, which shall se t forth the reasons f o r i ts decisions, the vote of each member participating therein, the absence of a member, and any failure of a niember to vote.

111.5 - I'I<OCI~I)UIlE

The board shall establish rules and regulations f o r i ts own procedure not inconsistent with the provisions of this code. The board shall meet a t regular intervals, to be determined by the Chairman, or in any event, the board shall meet within ten days a f te r notice of appeal h a s been received.

SECTION 112 - APPEALS 112.1 -TIME LIMIT

(a) Whenever the Building Official shall reject o r refuse to approve the mode o r manner of construction proposed to be followed,

or materials to be used in tlie erection or alteration of a building or stviletol.c, o r \vhcn i t is clnimetl thnt thc'p~.ovisinns o f this code (lo IIOL :LIII,IY, ,)I. Ll> i tL it!! (:<lcti~lly 500tl 01- I~IIBI.~: (Icsit-itI>lc 1,11111 01 <:1>11-

stl.oclion cnn bc cnil~loyed in any spccific casc, or whcn it is clain:e<l tha t the t rue intent and meaning of this code or any of the regulations thereunder have been misconstmed o r \\.rongly interpreted, the owner of such building o r s t ructure, 'or his duly authorized agvnt, may appeal from the decision of the Building Official to the Board of Adjustments and Appeals. Notice of appeal shall be in writing and filed within 90 days af ter the decision is rendered by the Building Official. A fee of $10.00 shall accompany such notice of appeal.

(b) I n case of a . building or structure which, in the opinion of the Building Official, is unsafe or dangerous, the Building Official ' may, in his order, limit the time f o r such appeal to a shorter period. Appeals hereunder shall be on forms provided by t h e Building Of- ficial.

SECTION 113 - DECISIONS OF THE BOARD

(I)

OF ADJUSTMENTS AND APPEALS

' 113.1 -VARIATIONS AND MODIFICATIONS

(a ) The Board of Adjustments and Appeals, when so appealed to and a f t e r a hearing, may vary the application of any provision of this code to any particular case when, in i ts opinion, the enforcement thereof would do manifest injustice, and \vould be contrary to the spirit and purpose of this code o r public interest, or when, in its opinion the inte~.pretation of the Building Official should be. modified o r reversed.

(b) A decision of the Board of Adjustments and Appeals to .'

vary the application of any provision of this code o r to modify an order of the Building Official shall specify in what manner such varia- tion or modification is made, the conditions upon which i t is made and the reasons therefor.

113.2 -DECISIONS

(a ) Every decision of the Board of Adjustments and Appeals shall be final, subject, however, to such remedy a s any aggrieved party might have a t law o r in equity. I t shall be in writing and shall indicate the vote upon the decision. Every decision shall be promptly filed in the office of the Building Official, and shall be open to public inspection; a certified copy shall be sent by mail or otherwise to the appellant and a copy shall be kept publicly posted in the office of the Building Official f o r two weeks af ter filing.

(b) The Board of Adjustments and Appeals shall, in every case, reach a decision without unreasonable o r unnecessary delay.

(c) If a decision of the Board of Adjustments and Appeals reverses or modifies a refusal, order, or disallowance of the Building Official, o r varies the application ~f a n y provision of this code, the

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Building Official shall immediately take action in accordance with sue11 dceisio~~. , i

SECTION 114 - VIOLATIONS AND PENALTIES

Any person. I inn, corpo~ation or agent who shall violate a provision of this code, or fail to comply therewith, or with any of the requirements thereof, or who shall erect, const~uct , alter, demolish or move any structure, or has erected, constructed, altered, repaired, moved or demolished a building or structure in violation of a detailed statement or drawing submitted and approved thereunder, shall be guilty of a misdemeanor. Each such person shall be deemed guilty of a separate offense for each and every day or portion thereof during which any violation of any of the provisions of this code is com- mitted, or continued and upon conviction of any such violation such person shall be punished writhin the limits and a s provided by State Laws.

SECTION 115 - VALIDITY

If any section, sub-section, sentence, clause or phrase of this Ordinance is for any reason held to be unconstitutionsl, such decision shall, not affect the validity of the remaining portions of this Code.

CHAPTER II-DEFINITIONS

SECTION 201 - DEFINITIONS

201.1

For the purpose of this Code, certain abbreviations, terms, phrases, words, and their derivatives, shall be construed as set forth in this Section.

201.2

Words usetl in the present tense include the future. Words in the masculine gender include the feminine and neuter. 'Words in the feminine and neuter gender include the masculine. The singular number includes the plural and the plural number includes the singular.

ALLEY-means any public space or thorouglifare twenty (20) feet or less in width which has bcen dedicated or deetletl for public use.

*i ALTER OR ALTERATION-means any change or modification

in construction or occupancy.

AMUSEMENT DEVICE-means a mechanically operated device which is used to convey persons in any direction a s a form of amusement.

APARTMENT-means a room or a suite of rooms occupied, or which is intended or designed to be occupied, a s the home or residence of one individual, family or household, for housekeeping pur- '' lioses.

APARTMENT HOUSE-means any building, or portion thereof, which is designed, built, rented, leased, let or hired out to be occupied, or which is occupied a s the home or residence of more than two (2) families living independently of each other and doing their own cooking in the said building, and shall include flats and apartments.

APPLICABLE GOVERNING BODY-a city, county, state, state agency or other political government subdivision or entity nothorizcrl to administer and cnCarce the l)rovisions of this code, a s atlopted or amended.

APPROVED-means approved by the Building Official.

ARCIIITECT-within the meaning of this Code, shall be deemed to be a duly registered and licensed architect.

AREA-as applied to the dimensions of a building, means the maximum horizontal projected area of the building a t grade.

AREA-(See FLOOR AREA).

A. S. T. M.-means American Society for Testing and Materials.

ASSEMBLY OCCUPANCY-(Defined in Section 408.1).

2 - 1

ATTIC STORY-means any story situated wholly or partly in the roof, so designated, arranged or built as to be used for business, ~ ~ I o r n ~ ~ ~ (nv l ~ ~ ~ l t i l : t l i ~ ~ # ~ .

AUTOMATIC-as applictl to ;I I ' i~e door or olhcr opcning. prolcc- tive, means normally held in open position and automatically closed by a releasing device actuated by abnormal high temperature, or by a pre-determined rate of rise in temperature. ,

AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE STATION-(Defined in Section 5051.

BALCONY-means tha t portion of the seating space of an assembly room, the lowest part of which is raised four (4) feet o r more above level of the main floor.

BASEMENT-means tha t portion of a building between floor and ceiling, which is partly below and partly above grade (as defined in this Section), but so located that the vertical distance from grade to the floor below is less than the vertical distance from grade to ceiling, provided, however, tha t the distance from grade to ceiling shall he a t least four (4) feet six (6) inches. (See STORY).

BEAM-a primary structural member supporting. secondary structural members, floor, roof, joists, and the like.

BUILDING-means any structure built for the support, shelter o r enclosure of persons, animals, chattels, or property of any kind which has enclosing walls for 50% of i ts perimeter. The term "building" shall be construed as if followed by the words "or part thereof". (For the purpose of this Code each portion of a building separated from other portions by a fire wall shall be considered a s a separatc building).

SHED-means any stivcture built for the support, shelter or enclosure of persons, animals, chattels, or property of any kind which has enclosing walls for less than 50% of i ts perimeter.

OPEN SHED-means any stlwcture that has no enclosing walls. EXISTING BUILDING-means a building erected prior to the

adoption of this Code, or one for which a legal building permit has been issued.

BUILDING LINE-means the line, established by law, beyond which a building shall not extend, except a s specifically provided by law.

BUILDING OFFICIAL-m;?ans the officer, or other charged with the administration and enforcement of this ordinance, or his duly authorized representative.

BUSINESS OCCUPANCY-(Defined in Section 405.1). CAST STONE-is a building stone manufactured from cement

concrete precast and used as a trim, veneer or facing on or in buildings or siruetures.

C E L L A R m e a n s that portion of a building, the ceiling of which is entirely below grade or less than four (4) feet six (6) inches above grade. (See STORY.)

CITY-(See definition APPLICABLE GOVERNING BODY.) COMRl1STTRT.R MATETITAT. A m:ol,,~ri:tl rvhic.11 c.:t!lnnl. 1,r rlas-

sil'icd as non-combustible i n accordance with that definition. COMMON-I'KOI'ERTY LINE-means a line dividing one lot from

another when said lots are not of one ownership. COMPLIANCE APPROVAL-means approval a s being in com-

pliance with the provisions of the Southern Standard Building Code as analyzed by the Committee on Compliance of the Southern Build- ing Code Congress.

CONCRETE-(See Chapter XVI.) CURB LEVEL-referring to a building, means the elevation a t

that point of the street grade that is opposite the center of the wall nearest to and facing the street line.

DEAD LOAD-(See Section 1202.)

DISPLAY SIGN-means a structure that is arranged, intended, designed or used a s an advertisement announcement or direction, and includes a sign, sign screen, billboard and advertising devices of every kind.

DWELLING-when used in this Code without other qualifications, means a structure occupied exclusively for residential purpose by not more than two families.

ENGINEER-within the meaning of this Code, shall be deemed to be a duly registered and licensed engineer.

EXISTING BUILDING-(See BUILDING-EXISTING BUILD- ING.)

EGRESS, MEANS OF-See Definition, Section 1102.

EXIT-See Definition, Section 1102.

EXIT ACCESS-See Definition, Section 1102.

FAMILY-means one or more persons living together, whether related to each other by birth or not, and having common housekeeping facilities.

FIRE DISTRrCT-(See Section 301.)

FIRE D O O R m e a n s a door and its assembly, so constructed and assembled in place as to give the specified protection against the passage of fire.

FIRE PARTITION-means a partition of construction which subdivides a building to restrict the spread of fire or to provide areas of refuge, but is not necessarily continuous through all stories nor exlended through the roof, and which has a fire-resistance rating a s required by the Code.

FIREPROOF CONSTRUCTION-(Defined in Section 602).

FIRE-RESISTANCE RATING-means the time in hours tha t the material or construction will withstand the standard fire exposure

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as determined by a fire test made in conforn~ity with the "Methods F i r s t I i i i I M : L i : ,4STRil

Ell!)-67." FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSPRUCTION-(DC~~IIC~I ill SccLion 603).

' 1 1 1 1 IIIC'l'AI11)ANT (I'rossnrc Lrc:tlcd) WOOD-1nc:rns woo<l chen~ically impregnated in accosdance with A. W. P. A. Specification C1-61. Which must have a flame spread rating not exceeding 25, with no evidence of significant progressive combustion when tested for 30 minutes in accordance with :'Methods of Test for Surface Bum- ing Characteristics of Building Materials, ASTM E 84-68." Such matcrial must be permanently identified a s to compliance with thc above definition by an approved testing agency having a re-examination service.

FIRE WALL-(See Walls).

FLAME SPREAD RATING-Is that numerical value assigned to a ~naterial tested in accordance with "Methods of Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Building Materials, ASTM E84-68."

FLOOR AREA-means the area included within surrounding wall$ of a building exclusive of vent shafts and courts.

FRONT O F LOT-means the front boundary line of a lot bordering on the street, and in the case of a corner lot, may be either fmntage.

GALLERY-means that portion of the seating space of an assen~bly room having a seating capacity of more than ten (10) located above a balcony.

GARAGE-PRIVATE GARAGE-(Defined in Section 506). GARAGE-PUBLIC GARAGE-means any garage other than a

private garage. GRADE-with reference to a building means, when the curb level

has been established, the main elevation of the curb level opposite those walls tha t a re located on, or parallel with and within fifteen (15) feet of, street lines; or, when the curb level has not been established, or all the walls of the building are more than fifteen (15) feet from street lines, GRADE means the average of the finished ground level a t the center of all walls of a building.

GRADE-with reference to lumber, means the division of sawn lu~nber into quality classes with respect to i ts physical and mechanical properties a s defined in pub!.ished Iu~nber manufacturers' standard grading lules.

HABITABLE ROOM-n~eans a room occupied by one or more persons for living, eating, sleeping, or working purposes. I t does not include toilets, laundries, serving and storage pantries, corridors, cellars, and spaces that are not used frequently or during extended periods.

HEATING-(A11 definitions in Chapter VIII). HEAVY TIMBER CONSTRUCTION-(Defined in Section 604).

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HEIGHT-as applied to a building, means the vertical distance fro111 p~.:tdc to the hifiest finished roof sunlncr in the rase of f lat roofs or to a point a t thc average height of roofs ]raving a pitch of morc than onc (1) foot in four and onc-llnlf (4%) fcct: IIEIGAT of a building in stories docs not includc basements and cellxt~s, csccl>t us sl,ccirienlly p~.o\'idc<l oLhc~.wisc.

HEIGHT-as applied to a story,lneans the vertical distance from top to top of two successive finished floor surfaces.

HEIGHT-as apijlied to a wall, means the vertical distance to ' the top measured from the foundation wall, or from a girder or other intermediate support of such wall.

INCOMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL-is synonymous with NON- COMBUSTIBLE, MATERIAL.

INDUSTRIAL OCCUPANCY-(Defined in Section 410.1).

INNER COURT-an open unoccupied space bounded by the \valls of the building, but located within the exterior walls of the building.

INSTITUTIONAL OCCUPANCY-(Defined in Section 401.1). " INTERIOR LOT LINE-is synonymous with COMhlON-PROP- 'ERTY LINE.

LINTEL-means the beam or girder placed over an opening in a wall which supports the wall construction above.

LIVE LOAD-(See Section 1203).

LOT-a l~arcel of land considered as a unit.

MASONRY-means that form of construction, composed of stone, brick, concrete, gypsum, hollow clay tile, concrete block or tile, or other similar building units or materials or a combination of these materials laid up unit by unit and set in mortar. For the purpose of this Code, plain n~onolithic conCrete shali be considered as masonry. (See Section 1402.6).

SOLID MASONRY-means masomy built without hollow spaces.

MEZZANINE OR MEZZANINE FLOOR-ineans an intelmediate floor placed in any story or room. When the total area of any "MEZ- ZANINE FLOOR" exceeds thirty three and one-third (33%) percent of the total floor area in tha t room, i t shall be considered a s constituting an additional "story." The floor he ight above or below a "MEZZANINE FL0012" construction shall be not less than seven (7) feet.

MIXED TYIJES O F CONSTRUCTION-has the meaning a s set forth in Section GOB of this Code.

MULTIPLE DWELLING-has the same meaning a s APART- MENT HOUSE.

NON-COMBUSTIBLE MATERIAL-A material which, in the form in which i t i s used, meets any of the following requirements:

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(1) Materials tha t a re judged to be non-combustible shall Il:tvr 1 , c . c ~ S I I I . < . I ~ S S ~ ~ I I I ~ I P R I I ~ I I i n : ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ I ~ ~ I : I ~ ~ ~ P !\.itl? I:111' ' 'i\Tr~l.l~~~d 01 'I'csl f a r IJclcrtni~ti,lg No11-Co~~ll,uslilrliLy 01 I < I C I I I C I I L : L ~ ~ Malc~.inls, A W M E1:IG-66.''

( 2 ) M;tLcrinls h n v i n ~ ;I st~urlul.;tl 1r:isc of ncln-eombitslil~l~: material as dcfi~ied above in paragraljh I, with a surfacing not more than one-eighth ( 'k ) inch thick which in addition has a ,

flame spread rat ing not greater than f i f ty (50) when tested in accordance with the "Method of Test f o r Surface Burning Char- acteristics of Building Materials, ASTM E84-68."

(3 ) Materials, other than described in 1. o r 2., having a surface flame-spread rat ing no greater than twenty-five (25) without evidence oC continued ~ r o a r e s s i v e combustion on a n v exposed surface tha t may be e;p&ed by cutting through th; material in any way. The term non-combustible does not apply to the flamespread

characteristics of interior finish o r trim materials. No material shall be classed a s a non-combustible building material which is subject to increase in combustibility o r flamespread beyond the limits herein established through the effects of age, moisture o r other atmos- pheric conditions.

NON-COMUUSTIULE CONSTRUCTION-(Defined in Section 605.1).

O~CUPANCY-means the purpose f o r which a building is used o r intended to be used. Change of occupancy i s not intended to include change of tenants o r proprietors.

MIXED OCCUPANCY-means mixed occupancy a s set fo r th ill

Section 412 of this Code.

SPECIAL OCCUPANCY-means Group H Occupancy, a s set forth in Section 411 of this Code.

ORDINARY CONSTRUCTION-(Defined in Section 606).

OWNER-includes his duly authorized agent o r attorney, a pur- chaser, devisee, fiduciary, and a person having a vested o r contin- gent interest in the property in question.

PARTITION-means an interior wall, other than folding o r portable, that subdi\~ides spaces within any story, attic o r basement of a building.

PENTHOUSE-means a n enclosed structure other than a roof structure, located on the roof, estending not more than twelve (12) feet above a roof.

PERSON-means a natural person, his heirs, executors, admin- istrators, o r assign, and also includes a firm, partnership, o r corporation, its or their snceessors or assigns, or the agent of a n y of the aforesaid.

PUBLIC PARKING DECKS-means a special structure limited in use only to the temporary parking of motor vehicles.

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PUBLIC PLACE-as used in this Code, means an unoccupied oprn SI):I(.P it<ljoininx n lruildinx anrl otl I l l ? s:lmr pl.n,>rl.t.y, tltnt. is l>crmanenLly maintsined aeeessiblc lo Lhc Virc iJega~.lrnct~l i ~ n d free o l ;ill ina~~mlti.nnccs tllat i n i ~ l i t i n t c 1 . 1 ~ 1 ' ~ wit11 its usr l,y tho Fire Delrartment.

R E P A I R - I I ~ ~ ~ I I s the replacement of existing rvorlc \\.it11 the same kind of material used in the existing work, not including additional work t h a t would change the structural safety of the building, o r t h a t would affect o r change required exit facilities, a vital element of an elevator, plumbing, gas piping, wiring o r heating installations. or t h a t would be in violation of a provision of law o r ordinance. The , term "Repair" o r "Repairs" shall not apply to a n y change of construction.

REQUIRED-means required by some provisiun of this Code.

RESIDENTIAL OCCUPANCY-(Defined in Section 404.1).

ROOF STRUCTURE-means a structure above a roof o r any par t of a building enclosing a stairway, tanlc, elevator mnchinery or ventilating apparatus, o r such par t of a shaft a s extends above the

,,roof. ROOM CAPACITY-(See Chapter XI) . SCIlOOL OCCUPANCY-(Definetl in Section 406.1).

SEATING CAPACITY-(See Chapter X I ) .

SELF-CLOSING-as applied to a f i re door o r other openillg pro- t ec t ive~ , means normally closed and equipped with a n approved device which will insure closing af ter having been opened f o r use.

SERVICE STATION-(Defined in Section 505).

SHAFT-means a vertical opc:ning extending through one o r more stories of a building, f o r elevators, dumbwaiter, light, \'entila- tion, o r similar llurpose.

SHALL-as used in this Code, is mandatory. SIGNS-(See Chapter XXIII). SPECIAL OCCUPANCY-(Defined in Section 411.1).

SPRINKLERED-means equippeti with a n approved automatic sprinkler system properly maintained. See Chapter IS .

S T A G E - G E N E R A L 3 stage is a partially enclosc<l ]>ortion of a n Assembly Building, cut off from the audience section by a proscenium wall, which is designed o r used f o r the presentation of plays, demonstrations, o r other entertainment. "Stages" shall be classified a s "working stage" and "non-working stage".

STAGE-WORICING-(Also Theatrical Stage - See Section 512.11) - a wor%ing s tage is a partially encloset1 ]iol.tion of an As- sembly Boilding, eul of[ fruni thc :tudienec scclion by :& 11k.oscenium wall of masonry of not less than 4 hour fire-resistance construction, and which i s equipped with scenery loft, gridiron, fly-gallery, and lighting equi,pment, and the proscenium ol~ening sllall be equipped

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with a fire-proof and smoke-proof curtain, and the depth from the ~ ~ r o s ~ : c ~ i i u ~ t ~ ro~. l . ;~i i~ l a Lhc I,:lclc \\.:dl shall bc not lcss than iiftccn (15) feet.

STAGE-NON-WORKING-a non-working s tage is a partially enclosed portion of a n Assembly Building, cut off f rom the audience section by a proscenium wall of not less than one-hour fire-resistive construction, without the equipment conlmon to the Working Stage (such a s f ly gallery and gridiron) and of such dimensions t h a t such equipment cannot be installed (but f l a t scenery may be used on such stage). ,

A fireproof curtain is not required f o r a non-working stage, bu t if there i s a fabric o r other curtain i t shall be of incombustible materials o r treated with a n approved f i re retardant. The depth of the stage may be more or less than fifteen (15) feet.

STAGE, I'LATFORM-a platform is a raised section of floor within the asselnbly hall o r auditorium area, and set t ing on the floor thereof, not enclosed above the platforrii floor level, and usually or relatively s n ~ a l l area a s compared to the auditorium seating area. A platform nay be of permanent, tem1,oral.y. o r po~.table construction; i t may have "flat" ntavable seenevy and draw curtains.

STAGE, IIOSTRUM-(See "platfo~.m"). Usually used f o r single 01. small group of persons such a s lecturers, no scenery o r curtains. May be peimanent, temporary, or portable.

STAGE, DAIS-a slnall and low "platfom~" o r "rostrum" nlay be placed on a "stage". May be permanent, temporary, o r portable.

STAGE, PODIUM-a small "dais" of size sufficient to accommodate one or two persons, such a s a band o r orchestra conductor o r a soloist. A "l,odiuni" may be located on a Stage, Platfortn, Rostrum, or Dais, or the floor of the audience section of a l~ lace of assembly. A podium is almost always a portable construction.

STAIRWAY-nieans one o r nlore flights of s ta irs and the nec- cessary landings and platfo1.111~ connecting them, to form a continuous and uninterrupted passage from one story to another in a building o r structure.

STANDARD FIRE TEST-means tlie fire test forliiulated under the procedure of thc United States of America Stnndarrls Institute a s the "Methods of Fi1.e Tests of Building Construction awl Materials, ASTM E119-67," USASI A2.1-195G.

STORY-means that portion of a building included between the upper surface of a n y floor and the upper surface of the floor next above, except tha t the topmost story shall be tha t portion of a building included between the upper surface of the topmost floor and t h e ceiling o r roof above. (For basement of schools see Section 402.5).

STREET-means any public thoroughfare (street, avenue, boule- vard, park) or space more than twenty (20) feet in width which has been dedicated o r deeded to tlie public f o r public use.

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STREET LINE-means a lot line dividing a lot from a street. S'I'I~UC'~'UIIL.: . - -III~:LIIS L l l i ~ L wl>icll is InlilL O I ~ C O I I S L I ~ L I C L ~ ? ~ , i l l , cd i -

lice or building of any ldnd, o r any piece of .work artificially built up o r composed of par t s joined together in some definite manner. The term "structure" shall be construed a s if followed by the words "or part thereof."

SURVEYOR-within the meaning of this Code, shall be deemed to be duly registered and licensed surveyor o r Civil Engineer. ,

THEATER-means a building, o r par t thereof, which contains an assembly hall with or without s tage which may be equipped with curtains and permanent stage scenery o r mechanical equipment adap- table to the showing of plays, operas, motion pictures, perfonnanees. spectacles and similar farms of entertainment. (See Section 408.)

VALUATION OR VALUE-as applied to a building, means the '

estimated cost to replace the building in lrind.

VENEER-means a facing attached to a wall for the purpose of providing ornamentation, protection, o r ii~sulation, but not counted a s adding s t reng th . to the wall. U , WALL, BEARING-means a wall which sup l~or t s any vertical

load in addition to i ts own weight.

WALL, CAVITY-means a wall built of masonry units 01. of plain concrete, o r a combination of these materials, so arranged a s to provide an a i r space within the wall, and in which the inner and outer par t s of the wall a r e tied together with metal ties.

WALL, CURTAIN-means a non-bearing wall between columns o r piers and which i s not supported. by girders or beams, but is supported on the ground.

WALL, FACED-means a wall in which the masonry facing and .: backing a r e so bonded a s to exert common action under load.

WALL, EXTERIOR-means a wall, bearing o r non-bearing, which is used a s an enclosing wall f o r a building, bu t which is not necessarily suitable f o r use a s a P a r t y Wall o r Fire Wall.

F I l t E PARTITION-(See FIRE WALL).

WALL, FIRE-means a wall of incombustible construction which subdivides a building or separates buildings to restrict the spread of f i re and which s ta r t s a t the foundation and extends continuously through all stories to and above the roof, except where the roof is of fireproof o r fire-resistive constnlction and the wall is carried u p tightly against the underside of the roof slab.

WALL, FOUNDATION-means a ~ v a l l belolv the f i rs t floor e s - tending below the adjacent ground level and serving a s support f o r a ?vall, pier, column o r other structural par t of a building.

WALL O F MASONRY, HOLLOW-means a wall built of nlasorl- r y units so arranged a s to provide a n a i r space within the wall, and

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in which the inner and outer parts of the wall a r e bonded together ~viI.11 n~:ts<>~>vy ,rnil.s o v sl.0~1,

WALL, NUN-II~AI~ING-meilns il wall whicll S L I I ~ I ~ O P ~ S 110 loat1 other than its own weight.

WAI,I., I~i\Nl<T,-!n(-i~!l~ it ilc>!~-l>c!inl.i!)g \Y;~ll i n sliclcton 01. ~r:ullcil construction, built between columns o r piers and wholly supported a t each story.

'WALL, PARAPET-means that par t of any wall entirely above' the roof line.

WALL, PARTY-means a wall used or adapted for joint service between two (2) buildings.

WALI,, RETAINING-means any wall used to resist the lateral displacement of any material.

WOOD FRAME CONSTRUCTION-(Defined in Section 607).

WRITING-includes printing and typewriting.

WRITTEN NOTICE-shall be considered to have been served if delivered in person to the individual, or to the parties intended, o r if delivered a t , o r sent by registered mail to, the last business address of the party given the notice.

CHAPTER Ill

FlRE DISTRICT SECTION 301 - GENERAL BUILDING RESTRICTIONS-

W I T H I N THE FIRE DISTRICT , ..

301.1 -GENERAL

For the purpose of this Code there shall be established a Fire District and such Fire District shall be in accordance with the provisions of Section. 301.4-SCOPE.

301.2 -TYPES O F CONSTRUCTION PERMITTED

Within the Fire District every building hereafter erected shall be one of the following Types (except as permitted in Section 304).

Type I-Fireproof.

Type 11-Fire-Resistive.

Type 111-Heavy Timber.

Type 1V-Non-Combnstible.

Type V-Ordinary.

301.3 -OTHER SPECIFIC REQUIREMENTS

(a) Exterior Walls Exterior walls of buildings located in the Fire District shall com-

ply with the requirements specified in Chapter VI-except as set forth in Section 608.3.

(b) Group "H" Special Hazardous Not Permitted Every Group "H" Occupancy shall be prohibited from location

within the Fire District.

(c) Fire Protection Every building shall be fire protected throughout a s specifietl

for the various Types of Construction in Chapter VT.

(d) Roof Coverings Roof Coverings in the Fire District shall conform to the require-

ments of Class I or 11-Roof Coverings a s defined in Section 706.

(e) Interior Fire Protection Within Fire District

In buildings over 1-story in height (unless 01 Type I11 Heavy Timber Construction or Sprinklered) all walls, floors, roofs and their supporting structural members shall provide not less than one (1) hour fire resistance. (Temporary partitions are set iorth in Section 702.)

301.4- SCOPE

(a) The Fin. District shall inelodr, such .tcl.l.itory 01. l~ort ian :is oullined in iw 01,dinanee 01. la\\, entitled "An Orrlinance (Ilesolution) Creating and Establishing A Fire District!' Whenever, in w c h or~l i - nance creating and establishing a Fire District, 1,eference is tnarlc to the Fire District, i t shall be eonstruetl to, mean the Fire District designated and referred to in this Chapter. (See Appendix "G" for reeom~nended method of establishing said Fire District.)

.(b) The Fire Distxict complying with the provisions of this See., tion shall be shown on a map, which shall be available to the public.

SECTION 302 - CHANGES TO BUILDINGS

302.1 -EXISTING BUILDINGS WITEIIN T H E F I R E DISTRICT

No existing building shall he hereafter increased in height unless i t is of a type of construction pern~ittetl for new buildings within the Fire District or is altered to comply with the requirements for such type of construction. Nor, shall any existing building be l~emat'ter estencled on any side nnlcss soeh rstcnsions ;ire of a type of construction pernlitted f o r new buildings within the Fire District.

. 302.2 - ALTEllATIONS - GENERAL

Xothing ill this Section, hor\.erer, shall prohibit other alterations I\-ithin the Fire District pro~i( led there is no change of Occuganc). that is ~t l ier \visc 1)rohibit~'~I and pro~ide(1 the fire hazard is in,t in- cl.ea6r~i by suc l~ alteration.

302.3 - JIOVIXG BUILDISGS

No buildings shall hel.eafter be moved into the Fire District o r to another lot in the Fire District unless i t is of a type of construction permitted in the Fire Disriet. (See Section 2204-Regula- tions for Moring Buildings.)

SECTION 303 - BUILDINGS LOCATED IN AND OUT OF THE FlRE DISTRICT

Any builrling located ~ ~ a r t i a l l y in the Firc Distl.ict shall hc of a type of construction required lor the Fire District, unless the major portion of such buil(1ing lies outside of the Fire District and no part is !noye th:lr, ten (10) feet insiale the bou~~dar ies of the Fire District.

SECTION 304 - EXCEPTIONS TO RESTRICTIONS IN F lRE DISTRICT

The prccrriing provisions of this Chal,tei. shall not alrply in the following il1st;lnees:

( a ) Temporary Builrlings user1 in connection n.ith doly au t l~or iae~l construction.

(b) A private garage used exclusively a s such, not more than one (1) story in height, nor more than s ix hundred and f i f ty (G50) square feet in area, located an the same rot with a rlwelling.

(c) Fences not over eight (8) feet in height. (d) Coal Tipples, Material Bins, Trestles conforming to Section 503.

(e) Water Tanks and Cooling T o w e n confonning'to Section 713 and Section 714.

( f ) Greenhouses less than fifteen (15) feet high. ( g ) Porches on clwellings not over one (1) story in height and not

over ten (10) feet wide from the face of the building, provided such porch does not come within five (5) feet of any 1)roperty line.

(I , ) Display signs a s provided in Chapter S S I I I .

( i ) Sheds open on a long side not over fifteen (15) feet high five hundred (500) sq. ft . in area.

( j ) One and 'two family dwellings when of a type of construction not pcrmitte(1 in the Fire District ,nay bc extcndcd 25% of the floor area existing a t the time of inclusion in the Fire ilistrict by any type of construction permitted by this Code.

SECTION 305 - OUTSIDE THE FlRE DISTRICT

Outside the Fire District, all types of construction a re permitted l)rovided they comply with the provisions prescribed else\\,here in this Code tha t apply regardless of location. Roof Coverings shall conform to the requirements a s defined iu Section 700.

CHAPTER IV

CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDING

BY OCCUPANCY

SECTION 401 - CLASSIFICATION BY OCCUPANCY

OR USE

401.1 -GENERAL

Every new and existing building, o r palL thelcof slinll, f o r thc purpose of this Code, be classified according to its use o r occupancy as a building of one of the follo~ving OCCUPANCY GROUPS:

GROUP A-RESIDENTIAL

GROUP B-BUSINESS

GROUP C-SCHOOL

GROUP D-INSTITUTIONAL

GROUP E-ASSEMBLY

GROUP F-STORAGE

GROUP G-INDUSTRIAL

GROUP H-HAZARDOUS

Each occupancy group is illtended to embrace buildings a s hereinafter defined and those of similar character o r use. Wherever there is any uncertainty a s to the classification of a building, the Building Official shall f ix the classification within which i t ialls, according t o the relative f i re hazard involved.

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SECTION 402 - HEIGHT A N D AREA RESTRICTIONS

In the ~ ~ ~ o t c e t i o n of each occupancy, the maximuln height and area f o r builrlings of the different types of construction, s l~a l l be governed by the intended use of the buildings, o r occupancy, a s provided for in this Chapter.

402.2 -DEFINITIONS

F o r the purpose of this Code, "height" and "area," a s applied to a building, has the meaning designated in Chapter 11, Definitions.

402.3 - lSSC1SI'TlONS - HEIGMT

( a ) Church spires, chimneys, t a l ~ k s and supports, aerial supports, parapet walls not over four ( 4 ) feet high, bulkheads and penthouses used solely to enclose s t a i ~ ~ v a y s , tanks, elevator machinery o r shafts, o r ventilation o r air-conclitioning apparatus, need not be considered in de te~mining the highest point of the building; provided t h a t the hichest 1,oint s11:lll be taken to he the hichest voint of the roof of the highcst pcnlhoosc when Lhc aggregate a ~ e a of all penthouses and other roof structures exceeds twenty (20) percent of the a rea of the roof upon n.Iiich they stand. (See requirements of Section 712 and 713).

(b) WI1el.e a 1-story automobile pal.king area (enclosed o r open) of Type I o r Type I1 Construction, with grade entrance is provided under a building of Group A Occupancy, the number of stories to he used in determining the minimum type of construction may be measured from the roof slal, of such parking arca.

Mezzanine floors o r galleries shall not be regarrled a s a story unless they excee(l thirty-three and one-third (33%) percent of the aggregate ground iloor area.

402.5 - LlrllITATIOSS, HEIGHT

The basement 01. cellar of a builclilig sI1;~ll not count a s a story if the f i rs t iloor above such basement o r ccllar is less than seven (7) fect a l~uvc g~.a(lc.

;L02.6 - HEIGHT IXCREASI.: 1:011 SPIlINIC1,ERS. ,. l h e n ~ a s i m u m allor\:able number of stories may be increased by one story if the building is pro\~ided \\.it11 automatic sprinlilers tliroughont in ; ~ c c o r < l a ~ ~ c e !\.it11 Section !I01 of Chapter IS, escclrt sue11 height increase shall not be permitted in buildings \!,liere the installation o t automatic sprin%ler equil>ment i s a mandatory requirement of this code, or when the 111.o\.isions of Section 403.fi are used.

4 - 2

SECTION 403 - EXCEPTIONS T O AREA RESTRICTIONS

103.1 - GENEI<AI,

The exceptions and ~equi rements of this Section shall modify the area limits of this Chapter, a s herein provided.

403.2 - AllEA INCREASES NOT PEIlMITTED (WITH EXCEPTION)

The increase of floor areas permitted by this Section may be additive when applicable, except t h a t in buildings where, because of occupancy, type construction o r fire district, ane-hour fire-resistance construction is a requirement, o r automatic sprinkler equipment is required, a s specified in Section 901, no increase of area shall be permitted because of such construction o r equipment, except a s provided in Section 403.7.

403.3 - EXCEPTIONS - AREA - F I R E DIVISION WALLS

" (a) General

F o r the 1,ul.pose of this Code, each par t of a building included ~vi thin fire walls shall be deemed to he a separate building.

(b) New Huildings

No building shall be liluited in area when divided into sections by fire walls having not less than four hour fire-resistance ratings, a s specified in Chapter VI, provided no section exceeds the maximum allowable floor area in this Chapter.

(c) Existing Buildings

No building hereafter erected shall be extended to exceed the maximum floor area set forth in this chapter, governed by the occul);tncy and type of construction. However, a building heretofore law- fully erected, which already exeecds such maximum area, may be extended, provided such extension does not exceed the maximum area prescribed and 1,rovided such extension is separated from the existing building by a fire \?all having a fire-resistance rat ing of not less than four hours.

Except in buildings where the occu1,ancy o r conditions a1.e such tha t one-hour fire-resistance is a requirement of this Code, buildings of Type IV Non-Combustible, Type V 01.dinal.y and Type VI Wood Frame Constructions, interiors of which a re provided th~~ougliout with not less than one-hour fire-resistive const~.uetion may have the maximum allo\vable areas of this Chapter increased f i f ty (50) percent.

103.,5 - AREA INCREASE FOR SEPARATI'ON ON TWO OR MORE I S I A IIIIII.I)INC

Whcrc streets or public places o l minimum width not less than 20 feet extend along two 0 1 . more sides of a building o f a n y occupancy classirication, except Group "1%" Hazardous, the maximum areas specified i r ~ this Chapter and modified a s provided in this Section for such buil<lings may be increased by the percentage specified in Table 403,s l o r oath loot by wliich Lhe ininimnm width oI such strccts or public places exceeds 20 feet, but such increase shall not exceed the maximum pcrcentage shown in Table 403.5.

TABLE 403.5 -RATE O F AREA INCREASE FOR SEPARATION Rate for Areas Increase for Max. Area Separation Over 20' Wide Increase

Separation along 2 sides but along r10t less than 50% of of building 1% per Ft. over 20 Ft . 50% Separation along 3 sides but along not less than 75% of uerimeter of buildinn 2% per Ft. over 20 Ft. 100% Separation along all sides or along 100% of perimeter of building 3% per Ft. over 20 Ft. 100%

103.6 -AREA INCllEASE FOR SPIZINI<LERS The maximum allowable floor and attic area may be increased

by 200% f o r one story buildings, and by 100% f o r buildings over one story in height if the building is provided with automatic sprinklers throughout in accordance with Section 901 of Chapter IX, except such area increase shall not be permitted in buildings where the installation of automatic sprinkler equipment is a mandatory requirement of this code, or when the provisions of Section 402.8 a re used.

403.1 -UNLIMITED AllEAS *The area of a one-story building of Group B Business, Group F

Storage, or Group G Industrial occupancy, located outside the Fire District, shall not be limited provided the building is equipped with approved autoniatic sprinklel.s, o r other fire protective systems, throughout, in accordance with Section 901 and a s approved by the Ih~ililing Oll'ici:~!, and is surraundc~l on all sidcs by ;I perm;tncnt open sl):lcc of no1 less than sixty (GO) lect. Whcre, in the opinion ol the Board of Adjusttnents and Appeals, in Group F Storage o r Group G Industrial occupancies, an automatic water sprinkler system would be inconsistent with the use of the building, i t may be omitted.

403.8,- ASSEMBLY OCCUPANCY AREA INCREASE Refer to Sections 512.2 and 514.6.

403.9 -SCHOOL OCCUPANCY AREA INCREASE Refer to Section 406.5.

4 - 4

SECTION 404 - GROUP "A" - RESIDENTIAL

404.1 - SCOI'E

Buildings in which families o r households live o r in which sleeping accommodations a r e provided, and all dormitories, shall be elass- ified a s Groui~ A-Residential Occupancy. Group A-Residential Oc- cupancy-shall include, among others, the following:

~ w e l l i ~ ; g s

Multiple Dwellings (more than two families) Hotels

Dormitories

Lodging Hoitses

Convents

Monasteries

0

404.2 -PROTECTIVE REQUIREMENTS - GROUP "A" OCCU- PANCY

SECTION

1. Allowable l lc ighl and Area ............................................................ rSO4.4

2. Types of Construction ............................................................ Chapter VI

3. Exit Requirements ............................................................... C a t e r X I

4. Protection of Vertical Openings .......................................................... 701

5. Protection of Wall Openings ................................................................ 703

.................................... 6. Sprinklers and Standpipes 901 to 902, inclusive

............................ I. Mixed Occupancy and Separation Requirements 412

.................... 8. Light, Ventilation and Sanitation 2001 to 2002, inclusive

9. Heating Requirements ...................................................... h e VIII

404.3 -SPECIAL REQUIIIEMENTS, GROUP "A" OCCUPANCY

............................ 1. Separation of Fulnace and Boiler Room Section BY2

2. Storage and handling of flammable liquids shall be prohibited in every Group "A" Occupancy. Not more than one (1) gallon of flammable liquid, used for cleaning purposes only, may be kept in a residence, provided such flammable liquid i s kept in an approved container, used especially f o r tha t purpose.

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SECTION 405 - GROUP "B" - BUSINESS

405.1 - SCOPIS Buildings which are oeeupierl Iov bosincss or ~.entlering of pro-

ressional sel.viecs shall be cl;~ssiCied in G~.oup 11-1; In~ildings which a r e occupied f a r the sale o r display of merchandise, o r the sullplying of food o r drink, shall be classified in Group B-2.

Group B-Business Occupancy includes, among others, the occupancies listed below, bu t does not include buildings used for any purpose involving highly combustible, inflammable or explosive materials.

Group B-1-Office buildings, greenhouses, service stations, banks, undertaking parlors, temporary structures, libraries (other than school).

Gmup B-2-Stores, shops, markets, restaurants, bowling alleys (See exception in Section 405.2).

405.2 - EXCEPTIOh'

CI Restaurants o r places supplying 'food o r drink t h a t accomnlddate 1 75 or more people, o r tha t have a stage, or t h a t provide dancing o r

entertainment features, shall be classified in G r o u p E-Assembly and not in Group B - Business Occupancy (See Section 408).

405.3 - PIlOTECTIVE REQUIREMENTS-GROUP "B" OCCUPANCY

SECTION 1. Allowable Height and Area .......................................................... 405.5

Heights and Areas a re based upon type of construction used. 2. Types of Canstructio 3. Exit Requirements 4. Protection of Verti 5. Protection of Wall Opening 6. Sprinklers and S t a 7. Mixed Occupancy and Separation Requirements ........................ 412 8. Light, Ventilation and Sanitation ................ 2001 to 2002, inclusive 9. Heating Require~nents hapter VIII

405.4 -SPECIAL I<EQUIIlEblENTS-GIIOUP "B" OCCUPANCY

SECTION 1. Separation of Boiler and Furnace Room ........................................ 812' 2. Special Exi t Doolway Requirements ............................ Chapter X I 3. Temporary Structures 4. Service Stations 5. Greenhouses ... 6 . Rat-proof Construction 7. Storage and ha

except in Group B-2 (retail stores) t h a t a re no t in excess of Section 411.2 ( b ) ; except service stations which shall conform to Section 501.1 (f).

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SECTION 406 - GROUP "C" - SCHOOLS ,106.1 -SCOPl?

Buildings in which people come together f o r education or instructional purposes shall be classified in Group "C" - School Oc- cupancy.

Group C - School Occupancy shall include, among others, the following:

Schools Universities Colleges Academies

406.2 -EXCEPTION ( a ) Par t s of buildings used for the congvegating o r gathering of

75 or more persons in one room shall bc c1;~ssified as in Group E - Assen~bly Occupancy-(See Section 408), regardless of whether such gathering is of an educational or instructional nature or not.

(b) Schools f o r business o r vocational training shall be classified in the same occupancies and conform to : t h e same requirements a s the trade, vocation o r business taught.

406.3 -PROTECTIVE REQUIREMENTS, GROUP "C" OCCUPANCY

SECTION 1. Allowable Height and Area ........................................................ 406.5

Heights and Areas a re based upon type of construction used. 2. Types of Constiuc ' 3. Exit Requirements 4. I'rotcction of Verti 5. Protection of W 6. Sprinklers and S 7. Mixed Occupancy and Separation Requirements .......................... 412

................ 8. Light, Ventilation and Sanitation 2001 to 2002, inclusive 9. Heating Requirements Chapter VIII

406.4 -SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS, GROUP "C" OCCUPANCY SECTION

1. Separation of Boiler and Furnace Room ...................................... 812

4. Unilateral

below ground level. 6. Every heating appliance which produces an unprotected open

flame shall be prohibited. 7. Storage and handling of flammable liquids shall be prohibited. 8. Where permanent motion picture projectors a re used, .booths

shall be provided, a s se t forth in Section 512.16. 9. Small children shall be on first floor.

I n buildings of other than Type I and I1 construction, children below the f i f th grade shall not occupy any classroom above the f i rs t floor. The lower grades shall be located in the classrooms nearest the exits.

4 - 9

SECTION 407 - GROUP " D - INSTITUTIONAL

Iluil,lings in whiel~ more ihan six ipcol>lc a rc <lclnincd l o r l~cnal o r eorreclioltal pnl.l,oscs; 01. in which Lhc lil,cl-ly of tllc inmates is restricted, o r places of involuntary detention, shall be classified in Group D-1.

Buildings in which more than ten people a re harbored for med- ical, chaGitable o r other care o r treatment shall be classified in Group D-2.

Group D-1 - Institutional Occupancy - shall include, ainong others, the following:

Insane Asylums

Reformatories

Jails

Prisons

Group D-2 - Institutional Occupancy - shall include, among others, the follo\\.ing:

Hospitals

Sanitariums

Orphanages

Old Peoples Honles

407.2 -EXCEPTION

Dormitories f o r doctors, nurses, and able-bodied help (not f o r patients o r inmates) of Institutional buildings shall be classified a s Groul, A - Residential Occupancy.

407.3 - PLIOTECTIVE IIEQUIREMESTS - GROUP "D" OCCUPANCY

SECTION

2. Types of Construction 3. Exit Requirements

8. Light, Ventilation and Sani 9. Heating Requirements

4 - 11

407.5 -GROUP "D" INSTITUTIONAL OCCUPANCY - HEIGHT AND AREA RESTRICTIONS

ALLOWABLE HEIGHTS

Type Construction Used*

ALLOWABLE AREAS**

Square Feet per Floor

Type I -Fireproof

Type I1 - Fire-Resistive

Type 111 - Heavy Timber P Group D-1 - Group D-2 W

Type IV -Non-Combustible Group D-1 Group D-2

Story First Second Third Floor Height Floor Floor and Above

No Limit No Limit No Limit No Limit

80 Ft. No Limit No Limit No Limit

Not Permitted Two 12,000 8,000 Not Permitted

Not Permitted Two 7,000 4,000 Not Permitted

Type V -Ordinary Group D-1 Not Permitted Group D-2 Two 7,000 4,000 Not Permitted

Type VI -Wood Frame Group D-1 Not Permitted Group D;2 One 5,000 Not Permitted Not Permitted

*At least one-hour fire-resistive construction shall be ~ rov ided throughout all buildings.

**See Se$tion 403 for Allowable Area Sncreases.

SECTION 408 - G R O U P "E" - ASSEMBLY

408.1 -SCOPE

lluil<lings in \\.l~icll 1rl.ovision is innclc ior Lhc eungl.ognlion <,I' gathering of seventy-five (15) o r more persons in one room o r space shall be classified in Group E - Assembly Occupancy. Such room o r space shall include any occupied connecting room o r space in the same story, o r in a story o r stories above or below, where entrance is common to the rooms o r spaces. This occupancy includes buildings having an audi tor iun~ and a s tage pl.ovided f o r the use of mova- 111~seencl.y, or having an au<liturinm for viewing motion llictures o r for theatrical pulyoses.

Group E - Assembly Occupancy shall include, among others, the folloxving:

Amusenlent Park Buildings Passenger Depots Autlitoriums Public Assenlbly Halls Churches Recreation Halls Dance Halls Restaurants (large) Gymnasiums Stadiums and Grandstands Motion Picture Houses Tents (Assembly) Museums Theaters

408.2 - SUB-CLASSIFICATIONS

Group E shall be divided into two sub-classifications a s s e t forth in this Section, both of which shall comply with the requirements f o r Group E Occupancy unless otherwise specified:

(a) Group E-1 - Large Assembly

Group E-1 shall include theaters and places of public assembly havlng a working stage (see definition) and having a capacity of seven hundred (700) o r more people; also, Group E-1 shall include theaters o r places of assembly having a non-working s tage but having a capacity of 1,000 o r more people.

(b) Group E-2 - Small Assembly

Grouy E-2 shall inclutle theatels and 1,laces of asse~nbly having a capacity of 75 o r more persons but having a capacity less than designated f o r Group E-1.

408.3 -METHOD O F DETElIDlINING CAPACITY

The capacity of occupant content of places of assembly shall be a s set for th in Chapter XI.

408.4 -PROTECTIVE: REQUIREMENTS - GROUP "E" OCClll'ANCY

SECTION

1. Allorvable Height and Area Heights and Areas

2. Types of Construction

3. Exit Requirements

4. protection of Vertical Opening

5. Protectior~ of Wall Ol>ening.

6. Sprinklers and Standpipes ................................ 901 to 902, inclusive

.......................... c t I. Mixed Occul,ancy ant1 Separation Requirements 412 i

8. Light, Ventilation and Sanitation ................ 2001 to 2002, inclusive

9. Heating Requirements .................................................... C h a p VIII

408.5 -SPECIAL IIEQUIREDIENTS - GROUP "EM OCCUPANCY

SECTION

...................................... 1. Separation of Boiler a11t1 Furnace Room 812

2. Special Exi t Doorway Requiremei~ts ............................ Chapter XI

3. Non-Combustible Stairway Requirements .................... Chapter XI

4. Special requirements governing the necessary features for total

~ r o t e c t i o n of Group "E" ~ s s e m b l ~ Occupancies, shall be i n ac-

cordance with Section 512.

5. Tents .................................................................................................. 504.2

6. Stadiums and Grahdstands .............................................................. 510

I. Anlusenlent Park Buildings ............................................................ 511

8. Restaurants, Ratproof Construction ........................... C h a r S I X

9. Storage and handling of flammable liquids shall be prohibited.

4 - 1 5

SECTION 409 - GROUP "F" - STORAGE

Buildings which a re used Tor the stol.age o l goods. wares or merchandise, excepting limited storage incidental to the display, salc or manufacture of such goods, wares o r n~ercl~andise, shall be classified in Group F - Storage Occupancy.

Group "F" - Storage Occupancy - sl~al l inclurle, among others, the occupancies listed in this Section, but does not include buildings used to store highly combustible, inflammable o r esl~losive products or materials (See Seetio11 411):

Airplane Hangars Sta~.age Buildings

Garages ' Freight Del~ots

Warehoitses

109.2 - PI<OTECTIVE IIEQUIREMEXTS-GIW' "I"-STORAGE

o SECTION ...................... 1. Allo\vable Height and Area : ................................. 409.4

Heights nnrl Area a re based upon type of construction used. 2. Types of Construction 3. Esit Rerjuireniellts 4. l'rotcclion of Vert 5. Protection of Wail Opening 6. Sprinlilers and Standpipes 01 to 902, inclusise 7. illised Oecul~ancy and Se nls ........................ 412 8. Light, Ventilation and Sanitation ................ 2001 to 2002, inclusive 9. Heating Requirements hapter VIII

109.3- SPECIAI, I<EQUIIIEI\IEXTS - GllOlll' "I:" - STORIIGI;

SECTION 1. Separation of Bailel. and Furnace Room ....................................... 812 2. No"-cqmbustible Stairway Requirements .................... Chap* X I 3. Occupancy Permit for Changed Floor Loads .......................... 1207 4. Posting of Floor Load 5. Airplane Hangars 6. Coal Pocl<ets 7. Garitgcs

............................................................................................ Private 506 .............................................................................................. I'ublic 508

8. I'arlcing Lots and i'nblic I'arlling Dcclcs ...................................... 5G7 9. Storage and hanclling of flammable liqni<is ........................ 311.1 ( f )

...................................................... 10. Ratproof 'Construction C a t c S I X

SECTION 410 - GROUP "G" - INDUSTRIAL

410.1 - SCOI'U

Buildings in which work or labor is pesformed in connection with the fabrication, assembly, processing, ete., of o r materials shall he classified in Group G - Industrial Occupancy. Group G - Industrial Occupancy - shall include, among others, the occupancies listed in this Section, but does not include buildings used f a r any puspose involving highly combustible, inflammable, or explosive products or materials (See Section 411):

Manufacturing Plant Processing Plant

Factory Mill

Assembly Plant

410.2 -PROTECTIVE REQUIREMENTS - GROUP "G" - INDUSTRIAL

SECTION

1. Allowable Height and Area ...................................................... 410.4 (a) Exception to Area Restrictions .................................... 403

........... (b) Unlimited Areas 403.7

Heights ant1 Areas are based upon type of construction used.

...................................................... 2. Types of Construction C a t VI

.............................................................. 3. Exit Requirements Chapter XI

4. Protection of Vertical Openings ...................................................... 701

5. Protection of Wall Openings ............................................................ 703

................................ 6. Sprinklers and Standpipes 901 to 902, inclusive

7. Mixed Occupancy and Separation Requirements. ...................... 412

......... 8. Light, Ventilation and Sanitation _...1 to 2002, inclusive

.................................................... 9. Heating Requirements Chapter VIII

410.3 -SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS-GROUP "G"-INDUSTRIAL SECTION

............ 1. Occupancy Permit Requised for Changed Floor Loads 1207

.................................................. 2. Posting of Floor Loads Required 110

3. Storage and Handling of Flammable Liquids 501.1 (i)

........................................................ 4. Ratproof Construction C h a r XIX

SECTION 41 1 -- GROUP " H - SPECIAL HAZARDOUS

.I1 1.1 - SCOI'I!:

Buildings or structures uscrl for purposes that involve highly combustible, inflammable or explosive p~.oducts or materials or that conslitulc csec~~t iona l fire haz:~r<ls, because oC the f o r n ~ , character or volume stored, processed or manufactured, shall be classified in Group H - Special Hazardous Occupancy.

GROUP H - Special Hazardous Occupancy - shall include among others, 'the following:

Dry Cleaning Establishments Storage or use of Highly Grain Elevators Combustible Materials

Storage of Combustible Film

411.2-GROUPING O F SPECIAL HAZARDOUS MATERIALS

The processing, manufacturing o r staring of the following materials, anlong others, shall be classified a s a special fire hazard, (Group "H" - Special Hazardous Occupancy), because of the highly combustible and explosive quality of the materials involved. They

,, ' shall be classified as set forth below: (a) The following materials o r i>roducts stored shall be classified

a s Group "H" - Special Haza1:dous Occupancy, regardless of the volume o r quantity stored or handled:

Acids: Sulphuric, Nitric or Hydroflouric' - Calcium Carbide - Asphaltum - Celluloid. Chemicals: Poisonous, combustible, explosive -Cereal, flour or feed mills - Cork - Excelsior - Petroleum Products (Not retail gasoline service stations) - Pyroxylin and Pyroxylin Plastic Products - Shoddy Mills - Loose Spices and Vegetable Stocks (not retail stores) - Explosives - Feather Re- novating - Films (see Section 501.3) - Fireworks - Gas: Poisonous irritating and flammable - Jute - Kapok - Munitions - Naval Stores - Nitrate of Soda - Paper. Baled Waste - Oakum or Hemp Processing - Paints: Manufacturing - Starch Mills - Waste Paper -Rubber Manufacturing Plants.

lb ) Materials or uroducts stored or llanclle<l in ooantities in excess of the'cubic foot areHs set forth below shall be ciassified as Group "H" - Special Hazardous Occupancy:

In Excess of ......................... Acetylene gas in pressure release containers 2000 cu.ft.

Artificial flowers Artificial leather Bags-Burlap, pa Barrels-second Brooms and Br

................................................................................................ Drugs 5 0 cu. f t . .... .................................................................................. Enameling .: 2400 cu. f t .

.................................................................. Fertilizer (Bags only) 2700 cu. f t . ........................................ Lacquers (Separate containers only) G O O CU. ft .

In Excess of Mntchcs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . noo CII . f t .

Tires (Recapping)

411.3 -PROTECTIVE REQUIREMENTS - GROUP "H" - SPECIAL HAZARDOUS

SECTION

1. Prohibited in Fire Distric 2. Allowable Height and A

Heights and Areas 3. Types of C o n s t ~ c t i o n 4. Exit Requirements 5. Protection of Ver 6 . Protection of Wall Opening 7. Sprinlders and Standpipes

8. Light, Ventilation a 9. Heating Requirements

........................................ 10. Separation of Boiler and Furnace Room 812 .......................... 11. Mixed Occupancy and Separation Requirements 412

411.4 -SPECIAL REQUIREMENTS - GROUP "H" - SPECIAL HAZARDOUS

The hazards involved under Group "H"-Special Hazardous-require provisions that give adequate protection for these special occupancies. The occupancies in this group shall conform to the special requirements as set forth in Section 501.

SECTION 412 - MIXED OCCUPANCY AND SEPARATION REQUIREMENTS

412.1 -DEPINI'I'ION When :I ln~ilding is usccl lot. two 01. rno1.c oceup:rneies, clnssilictl

within different occupancy groups, i t shall be considered a mixed occupancy.

412.2 - LIRlITATIONS

A mixed Occupancy building shall be governed by the Height and Area limitations applying to the g:.incipal use therein. Accessory occupancies shall not exceed t l ~ c area limitations or be located a t a story height greater than that permitted for such accessory occupancy and type of construction being used.

412.3 -MINIMUM SEPARATION

Unless otherwise spceiiically prescribed in this Section, the separation of mixed occupancies shall provide not less than one (1) hour fire protection, except tha t portions of buildings used as accessory offices or for custbmary non-hazardoos uses necessary for transacting thc brinciyal business of Group P Storage and Group G Industrial occupancies may be separated by partitions of non-corn- bustible construction without fire-protection or by partitions constructed of materials as permitted in the type of construction used.

412.4 - I'IRE-RESISTANCE IlATING O F SEPARATION

The minimum fire-resistance of constructions separating any two occupancies in a building of mixed occupancy, shall be the higher rating required for the occupancies being separated, a s specified be-

- low:

MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS*

Group A-Residential 1 Hr. fire-resistance, separation Group B-Business 1 Hr. fire-resistance, separation Group C-School 2 Hr. fire-resistance, separation Group D-Institutional 2 Hr. fire-resistance, separation Group E-l-Large Assembly 4 Hr. fire-resistance, separation Group E-2-Small Assembly 2 Hi,. iire-resistance, separation Group F-Storage 4 Hr. fire-resistance, separation Group G-Industrial 2 Hr. fire-resistance, separation Group H-Special Hazardous 4 Hr. fire-resistance, separation

A separation between a private garage and any occupancy shall be the minimum fire-resistance specified above for the occupancy except in the case of a one or two-family dwelling no fire-resistance, separation shall be required. No separation shall be required between a Sunday .School room, or rooms, and a Church Auditorium of Group E-2 Small Assembly.

*For materials and assemblies to provide the required fire-resistance, see Chapter X and Appendix B.

4 - 2 4

412.5 -PROTECTION O F HORIZONTAL OPENINGS

Fov icqoiremcnts aovcrning thc p1~oLcction of d o o ~ opcnings in walls slid partitions separating lnisc(l occupancies, see Section 703.4.

For requirements governing the protection of vertical openings, see Section 701.

412.7 - TENAN'T SEPARATION

When in a building, or portion of a building of a single occupancy classification, enclosed spaces are provider1 fo r scpalxte tcnnnts, such spaces shall be separated by not less than one-hour fire resistance.

CHAPTER V

SPECIAL OCCUPANCY REQUIREMENTS

SECTION 501 - GENERAL

501.1 -SCOPE AND REFERENCES

(a ) Buildings of occupancies in Group H not specifically provided for in this Code, which involve the storage, manufacture, or use of highly combustible or flammable materials shall be constructed to provide a degree of fire protection adequate f a r the hazard involved. Such protection may exceed the fire-resistive requirements prescribeti I'or Type I-Fireproof canstrnclion, i l deemed necessary by the Buihl- ing Official, but in all cases the construction shall meet the minilnun1 requirements specified for Group H occupancies.

(b) Approved automatic sprinklers shall be installed througl~onl al: buildings of Group R occupancies except that where the nature oC the fire hazard is such that application of water is not effective a s a nYeans of protection other approved means of protection shall be pro- vfded.

(c) Buildings of Group X oocupancies sh'all not be located in the Fire District.

(d) Warehouses used to store combustible fibres such a s cotton, sisal, jute, hemp, kapok, excelsior and similar materials having a flash fire hazard, shall be limited to story heights of not over 12 feet, floor to ceiling, and no single storage compartment shall exceed 5,000 square feet in floor area or 36,000 cubic feet in capacity.

(e) Stables, for storing hay, which do not exceed 1 story and storage loft, or a maximum of 20 fee! in height, and do not exceed 3,000 square feet in floor area, may be of Type VI-Wood Frame con- , , stmction if located 30 feet or more from adjoining property lines and other structures.

( f ) Buildings or structures of occupancies involving the use of highly combustible material or processes, and their equipment, shall be erected, altered,. and installed in accordance with safe practice. Except as othenvise provided in this Code, the provisions of the various regnlations or standards of the National Fire Protection Asso- ciation governing the particular occupancy shall be considered as constituting saie practice. Those standards include, among others, the following:

N.F.P.A. Standards for the storage, handling and use of flammable liquids, "Flam~nable & Combustible Liquids Code, NFPA No. 30-19G6."

N.F.P.A. Standards for spray finishing using flammable materials, "Spray Finishing Using Flammable Materials, NFPA No. 33-1966."

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N.F.P.A. Standards f o r dip tanks containing I la~nmable o r com- I,ostiblr liquirls, "Dip l':unks, NFPA No. 34-l96R."

N.I".IJ.A. Stal~rlalrls 101. the installation and olreration o l oxygca- Suci gas syslcms Sor welding ~ I I I I I c ~ ~ t l i n p , "0sypc11 PLICI C3s Systems Sor W<,ldit~x :tn<l C ~ ~ l t i n x , NI~l3,4 No. 5l-I!Ki4."

N.F.I'.A. Standards f o r the storage and handling OF liquefied putloleum gases, "Storage and Handling of Liquified IJetroleum Gases, N F P A No. 58-1967."

N.F.P.A. Recommended good practice requirements f o r the installation and use of combustion engines and gas turbines, "Combus- tion Engines a n d Gas Turbines, N F P A No. 3'7-1967."

N.F.P.A. Standards for the storage and handling of pyroxylin plastic in warehouses and \vholesale jobbing and retail stores, "Pyrox- lin Plastic in Wsl.ehouses anrl Wholesale, Jobbing and Retail Stores, NFPA No. 43-1967.",

N.F.P.A. Standards f o r the s torare . handlinr and use ofuvroxv- - . - &. - lin plastic in factories maliing articles therefrom, "Pyroxlio Plastics in Fsetories, NFPA No. 42-1967.''

N.F.F.A. Standards f o r the storage and handling of combustible fibres, "Storage of Comhuslible Fibres, NFPA No. 44-1953."

N.F.P.A. Standards f o r the installation, maintenance and use of gasoline vapor l a m l ~ s and systems, "Gasoline Vapor Lamps and Sys- tems, NFPA No. 53-1932."

N.F.P.A. Standards on the fundan~ental principles f o r the prevention of dust explosions in industrial plants, "Prevention of Dust Explosions in Industrial Plants, N F P A No. 63-1964."

N.F.P.A. Code f o r the prevention of dust explosions in the manufacture of aluminum po\vder, "Aluminum Powder, N F P A No. 651- 1!)67."

Note: The n h \ ' e stanrlnnlr :we ~ , o b l i r h a l by the Nntionrl Pire Protection Asro- ~ i : ~ t i ~ ~ in thc seve~.;~i uohlmes of N:rtion:tl 1'ir.e Cocles itnd may I* obtained f rom thcm :at 50 Urttet~ym:~rel~ Street. Boston, Mass.

501.2-DRY CLEANING, DYEING OR SIMILAR HIGH F I R E HAZARD OCCUPANCY

(a) No building used for dry cleaning o r similar haaardous occupancy shall be located within the Fire District, unless only non- flammable liquids a re used for cleaning purposes.

(b) Dry cleaning, dyeing, o r similar establishments using combustible o r flammable liquids o r solvents with a flash point of 190" F, or lower (closed cup test) , shall be of Type I-Fireproof, o r Type II- Fire-Resistive construction, and shall not exceed 1 story in height or 10,000 square feet in area, without attics, concealed roof spaces, basements o r pits. Floors shall not be below grade.

(c) Roofs shall be flat. If, due to local conditions, the Building Official deems i t desirxhle to vent possihlr i.s~,losions 1qnv:11.d. I l>p 1.001' III:LY 1x! of ligI11, I I U I I - C O ~ , ~ L I S L ~ ~ ) ~ C CUIISLI.IICL~UII_

((1) An ;ll~llrovcd :llltom:ltic sl,i.illl<cl. syslotrl s:III I insl;tllcd thrauxhout cach ~11.yinx room in arrorrlancr aritll S c c t i n ~ ~ 901 or Ch:111- Lcr IS.

(c) I'artitions shall have not less than .)-IIDLII. l i~.e-resistiln~c.

( f ) Drying rooms, if under the same roof a s the dry cleaning and dry dyeing rooms, shall be separated from such rooms by each wall having a fire-resistance of not less than 4 hours. The entrance to such drying rooms shall be provided with self-closing f i re doors.

(g) Except for necessary openings f o r vents, 'ducts, piping and shafting, all openings in exterior walls shall be protected with f i re doors o r windows. Windows shall be of wired glass in metal sash so hung tha t they will readily swing out in case of explosion.

(h) Exterio'r walls except those on s treet fmnts , which a re located less than 10 feet from adjacent property lines shall have no openings therein and shall have a fire-resistance rat ing of not less qzan four hours, o r the equivalent, but in 110 case shall more than two sides of the building have blank \valls.

(i) Skylights shall be provided. They shall be constructed with metal f rame and sash with plain thin glass and with wire screen provided above the sl<ylight a s prescribed in Section 707, o r with wired glass arranged to swing outward readily in case 01 an exl>losion.

(j) Mechanical systems of ventilation, of explosion-proof type, shall be provided to insure complete and continuous change of a i r once every 3 minutes in dry-cleaning and dry-dyeing rooms.

(Ic) All other regulations contained in this Code 1,ertainiag to eonstruction, ventilation, storage, heal.ing and lighting, or the lilie, shall apply a s well a s a n y laws of the State regulating the construction and maintenance of dry-cleaning, dyeing, o r similar plants.

(1) The installation, ventilation, erection, alteration, maintenance o r use of equipment, of 'buildings or structures f o r dry-cleaning or dry-dyeing purposes shall be in accordance with the provisions of the Standasds of the National Fire Protection Association for d r y cleaix- ing and d r y dyeing plants, "Dry Cleaning Plants, NFPA No. 32-1964."

501.3-HANDLING OR STORAGE O F COMBUSTIBLE FILM

(a) Construction of Buildings Where Films Are Stored or Processed.

(1). All buildings in which combustible films a re stored o r processed, such a s film exchanges, f i lm laboratories, motion picture studios, etc. shall be of Type I o r Type I1 eonstruction and shall be equipped throughout with approved automatic sprinklers in accordance with Section 901 of Chapter IX. Such buildings shall not be locateti

i l l the I+c District and shall not exceed the niaximum height and are;, lin~it:it.ions npccifierl fol. Gmul, H in Scction 411.5.

( 2 ) . ' 1 ' 1 8 ~ roIlv\vi~tg rcg~t1:~Liuns S I L L L I I gu \wr~! L I I C h:t~tdIi~!g am1 storage of combustible film except that they do not apply to thc following: Films in original packages in quantities less than 50 pounds, and films stol.cd in motion picture projection booths (See Section 512.16).

(3) . Except as otherwise specified herein, the handling and storage of combustible film shall be governed by the Standards of the

"National Fire Protection Association for storage and handling of cellulose nitlate motion picture film, "Cellulose Nitrate blotion Picture Film, NFPA No. 40-1967."

(4). All rooms in which combostible films are stored or handled, excellt motion picture projection booths and film vaults, shall be enclosed in partitions of non-combustible construction having not less than 2 hours' fire-resistance. Openings in such partitions shall be protected by approved fire doors. Floors and ceilings of such rooms shall provide fire-resistance of not less than 2 hours and vents that open automatically in case of fire shall also be provided. Tables and racks used in connection with the handling of film shall be of metal or other non-combustible material and shall be a t least 4, inches away from any radiator or heating apparatus. Fire-fighting appliances using water, or water solutions, shall be provided in every room. In rooms \\,here film is stareti 01. handled in quantities greater than 50 Ibs., cabinets shall be provided with insulated metal vents. Film storage rooms in which tmo or more persons work, shall have a t least two exits remote from each other.

(5). Combostible film in amounts of lilore than 1,000 lbs. shall be kept in vaults constructed a s prescribed in this Section.

(6). Amounts of con~bustible film in excess of 25 lbs. shall be kept in approved metal cabinets of capacity not exceeding 375 ibs. Cabinets having a capacity of over 50 lbs. of film, shall be provided with insulated metal vents of a t least 14 square inches per 100 Ibs. of film. Cabinets holding over 75 lbs. of film shall be provided with a t least ' one autolnatic sprinkler, unless so built that each roll is in a separate compartment so constructed that the film will hurn out without com- municating fire to film in any other compartment.

(7). Unexposed lilm, when stored in the original shipping eases with each roll in a separate container, shall he stored only in a room provided with an approved automatic sprinliler system. (Section 901 of Chapter IX.)

(b) Film Vnults.

(1). Vaults used for the storage of combustible film shall not exceed 750 cubic feet illside and shall not be located near chimneys or other sources of heat.

(2). Walls, floors and roofs of film vaults and their supports shall be of not less than &hour fire-resistance constri~ction built without

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cracks or holes that will permit escape of gases. Drains, or scuppers, Lo thn outsidc of thn building shnll I,n p~.ovi<lwi. A l l do07 ol,rninys shall be proLeclcd will, approved fire doors o n cacll k ~ c c or Lllc well; the inner door shall be automatic, the outcr door shall be of thc seli- closing swinging type.

(3) . Each'vault shall have an independent vent having not less than 140 square inches effective area per 1,000 lbs. of film capacity (equivalent to 70 square inches per 100 standard rolls) but the vent area for a vault of 750 cubic feet shall in no case be less than 1400 square inches. Vents shall be of non-combustible materials and shall be located a t least 50 feet from all openings exposed thereto.

(4). Film shall be protected against ignition by rays of the sun and by radiated heat.

x

(5). Vaults shall have no skylights or glass windows except a s specified for vents. Vents may be protected against the weather by a single thiclcness of glass (1/16" thick) not less than 200 square inches in area, in a sash arranged to open automatically in case of fire, or by equivalent protection.

<, (6). Vaults shall be protected by an approved system of auto- ; matic sprinklers (Chapter IX) with a ratio of one head to each 62%

cubic feet of total vault space. A vault of 750 cubic feet shall have not less than 12 sprinkler heads.

(7). Wire w a r d s shall be provided so tha t no film could be placed within 1 2 inches of heating pipes or radiators.

(8). Vault heating shall be automatically controlled so a s not to exceed a temperature of 70 degrees F. or a steam pressure of 10 Ibs.

(9). All racks and equipment in vaults shall he of metal or other non-combustible material.

~OI .~ - 'GRAIN ELEVATORS '

(a) Grain elevatols, or structures used to store grain, shall not be located within fifty (50) feet of adjoining property lines of other structures, except railway rights of way or adjoining navigable waters, nor shall they he located within the Fire District.

(b) Grain elevators, or structures us6d to store grain, shall be constructed of steel, concrete, or other non-combustible material or with lumber exterior or interior framing, including plank and laminated walls, when the sizes of the members used conform to the requirements for Type 111-Heavy Timber construction to meet the approval of the Building Official, and all such structures, buildings, and equipment shall be erected, altered, or installed in accordance with the provisions of Section 501.1 ( f ) .

(c) Where combustible material, other than grain, is present in quantity sufficient to produce a serious fire, fire protection equivalent to Type I construction shall be provided unless approved automatic sprinkler protection is provided (Section 901 of Chapter IX). I n no

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case, however, shall the requirements for grain elevators, o r grain storage buildings, be less restrictive than those applyinr to Group IT t lCCLl,l i l , lCICS.

SECTION 502 - AIRPLANE HANGARS ( a ) Airplane hangars may be of any type of construction, except

that if located within 50 feet of a common property line or of the opposite side of a public street or thoroughfare or other building, the hangar shall be Type I-Fireproot or Type 11-Fire-Resistive or Type 111-Heavy Timber Construction.

(b) The floor areas of hangars shall not exceed those permitted for Group F Storage buildings in Section 40914 (see area exceptions, Section 403).

(c) Where bangars have basements, the floor over the basement shall be of Type I-Fireproof construction and shall be made tight against seepage of water, oil or vapors. There shall be ho opening or communication between basement and hangar. Access to basement shall be from outside only.

(d) Floors shall be graded and drained to prevent water or gasoline from remaining on the floor. Floor drains shall discharge through an oil separator to the server or to an outside vented sump.

(e) Heating of hangars shall be from plants located in a detached building.

( f ) The process of "doping", involving use of a volatile flammable solvent, o r of painting, shall be carried on in a separate detached building equipped with automatic sprinkler equipment in accordance with Section 901 of Chapter IX.

(g ) Each hangar of area exceeding 10,000 square feet shall be equipped with approved automatic sprinklers in accordance with Sec- tion 901 of Chapter IX.

SECTION 503 - COAL POCKETS Coal pockets, and other similar structures, shall be constructed of

steel, concrete, or other non-combustible material, or of lumber sizes which meet the requirements of Type 111-Heavy Timber Construc- tion.

SECTION 504 - TEMPORARY STRUCTURES

504.1 -PERMIT

A special building permit for a limited time must be obtained before the erection of Temporary Structures such a s construction sheds, seats, canopies, tents and fences used in construction work or for temporary purposes such as reviewing stands. Such structures shall be completely removed upon the expiration of the time limit stated in the permit.

504.2 -TENTS FOR PUBLIC ASSEMBLY

(:I) Dcrorc :L Lctnpcr~.:t~.y pc?rnliL is gr;in1.cd. LIII. c,w,>cr <,I . :~gcnl. shall file with the Building Official a certificate executed by an ac- ceptable testing laboratory, certifying that the tent, decorative materials and tarpaulins mcct thc icrlui~.cmcnts for ~.csist:mer for fire prescribed in the National Fire Protection Association "Standard Methods of Fire Tests for Flame-Resistant Textiles and Films, NFPA No. 701-1968," and tha t such fire-resistance is effective for the period for which the permit is to be granted.

(b) Tent Exits-Tent exits, aisles, seating, etc., shall conform with the requirements for places of assembly. All exits shall be kept free and clear of obstructions while the tent is occupied by the public.

(c) Ground within and adjacent to tents shall be cleared of all grasd, underbrush or similar fire hazards.

504.3 -TEMPORARY SEATS

A special permit shall not be issued unless all seats, stands and structures conform to the requirements of Chapter XI1 (Minimum Design Loads). A11 seats shall be marked allowing a space for each person of not less than eighteen inches in width. Aisles and seating arrangements shall conform to the requirements of Assembly Occu- pancies (Section 512.7).

SECTION 505 - AUTOMOTIVE SERVICE STATIONS

(a) An automotive service station of Group B occupancy is i place of retail business a t which outdoor automotive refueling is carried on using fixed dispensing equipment connected to underground storage tanks by a closed system of piping, and a t which goods and services generally required in the operation a i d maintenance of motor vehicles and fulfilling of motorist needs may also be available. The building consists of a sales office where automotive accessories and packaged automotive supplies may he kept or displayed. I t may also include one or more service bays in which vehicle rvashing, lubrication and minor replacement, adjustment and repair services are rendered. An automotive service station building shall have no cellar or basement, but may have open pits if such pits are continually ventilated. An automotive service station building shall be of Type I-Fireproof; Type 11-Fire-Resistive; Type 111-Heavy Timber; Type IV-Non- Combustible; Type V-Ordinary; or Type VI-Wood Frame.

(b) Canopies and their supports over pumps shall be of non- bustible materials, wood of Type 111-Heavy Timber sizes, or of construction providing 1-hour fire resistance.

(c) All equipment likely to cause an explosion, or to be capable of igniting gasoline vapor from heat, sparks, or open flames, shall be located a t least 4 feet above the floor, or be completely and tightly enclosed by non-combustible construction, or constl~uction. of not less

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than I-hour fi1.e-1.esistance. Any openings to such enclosures shall be T I x i I I I i s I . I : 1 Tool: :~l,ova Lhr %<I- joining outsidc icvcl, and sliall bc localcd a t Icast 5 lee t f rom any property line or adjaccnl bnilding.

SECTION 506 - PRIVATE GARAGES

(a ) Garages which a re provided f o r the storage of motor vehicles owned by tenants of buildings on the premises, and with maximum undivided space used for storage of not more than four automobiles, or t r u c k of one ton o r less capacity, but not exceeding 850 square feet, shall be considered private garages. All other garages shall be considered public garages.

( b ) I'rivatc garages may be of Type I, 11, 111, IV, V o r VI construction, but no private garage shall occupy space above the f i r s t floor of Type VI building or shall be erected in the f i re district except a s provided in Section 304.2. No private garage shall be located within, or attached to, a building occupied f o r a n y other purpose, unless i t is separated from such other occupancy by walls, partitions, floors and ceilhigs tha t have a fire-resistance rat ing a s specified in Section 412.4 (Mixed Occupancy Separations). Walls, floors, partitions and ceilings tha t effect such separation shall be continuous and unpierced. A single flush-type solid core wooden door of no t less than 1 % inch nominal thickness, equ>ped with a self-closing device, may be permitted provided t h d i l l is raised a t least 8 inches above the garage floor when the doorway connects directly with a n y room in which there is any direct-fired heating device o r gas fixture. I n no case, however, shall a garage have an opening directly into a room used f o r sleeping purposes.

SECTION 507 - PARKING LOTS AND PUBLIC PARKING DECKS

507.1 - PARICING LOTS Open sheds o r canopies may be erected up to two-thirds ( W )

the area of a lot, provided such construction i s not less than required for Type IV-Nan-Combustible Construction, and t h a t all such construction meets the ai~proval of the Building Official.

507.2 -PUBLIC PARI<ING DECICS

(a ) As definer1 in Section 201.2, Public l'arking Decks may be constructed o i Types I, 11, 111, and IV Construction witho,ut exterior walls. When such structures a r e within six (6) feet of common property lines they shall be provided with an enclosure wall along the common property line of not less than two (2 ) hours fire resistance without openings therein, except that doors opening to buildings adjacent thereto may be perinittetl provided that such door openings Inlecl thc ~.cqoirr!nlonls Scctian 703.4.

(b) Type 111 structures shall be limited to a height of four (4) stories ahd an area limitation of 30,000 square feet per floor with roof

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~al.lcing pennittetl. T y l ~ e TV structorus sh:~ll be limito11 to :t lleight ttr v ig l~ t (3) s I . ~ r l ~ s : ! , ~ l : , I> :!n.:! lin~il.:tl.it~t~ o r :lll,lloo S~II~:II'V T w l . I B ~ Iloor with rooT ~,xrLing 1,ermittcrl. When or 'l'ppc I - l ' i l ~ a l ~ t ~ o ~ ~ ~ 'l'ypc 11-Fire-ltesistive Cunstruction, the lleighl a t ~ d area shall no1 bc limited. When of ,Type 111 o r IV Construction area increases may be allowed in accordance with Section 403.

(c) Each floor of such structure shall have a continuous \\,heel guard not lcss than six (6) inches in height above the floor, with a clear passage of four (4) feet between thc wheel guard and edge of structure. I n such structures without exterior walls there shall be laced in addition to the wheel zuard a continuous orotective railinr not less than three (3) feet six T6) inches above the'floor around t h i entire outside perimeter of the structure.

SECTION 508 - PUBLIC GARAGES

(a ) A garage shall be any building or p a i t thereof wherein is kept o r stored a motor vehicle having a n y gasoline o r other volatile flammable fuel in its fuel storage tank, o r wherein painting, body and

? fender work, engine overhauling o r other major repair of motor ve- ' hicles i s performed. This occupancy shall not include automotive

service stations a s defined in Section 505. .4 garage exceeding 850 square feet in area o r used to store more than four automobiles, shall be considered a public garage.

(b) Public garages shall be of Type I, 11, 111, 117, V, o r VI construction. If of Type V construction i t shall not exceed one story in height, bu t shall not exceed the maximum height and areas aIlo\ved for Group F storage buildings. Public garages of Type VI may he used only f o r dead storage and display of automobiles.

(c) No public garage shall be located within, o r attached to, a building occupied f o r any other purpose, unless i t is separated from the other occupancies a s prescribedin Section 412, but in no case by walls having fire-resistance less than two hours. Such separation shall be continuous and unpierced, except f o r doors leading to sales- rooms, o r offices, operated in connection with such garages, provided, s i ~ c h openings a r e approved by the Building Official a s being required or essential, and provided such openings a re equipped with self-closing f i re doors conforming to the requirements of Section 703.

(d) Unenclosed ramps shall not be considered a s i~roviding required exit facilities. Enclosed ramps shall be in accordance wit11 the Exi t Requirements of Chapter XI.

(e) Basement and sub-basement garages shall be continuously ventilated by a mechanical system with positive means for both inlet and exhaust of a t least 1 cubic foot of a i r per minute per square foot of floor area, controlled from a location close to the entrance door.

( f ) Garage floors shall be covered with eoncretc or similar non- combustible and non-absorbent material. Floors which drain to sewers o r storm drains shall be provided with an oil separator or trap.

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(p) Sprillhler equil)ment shall be provided as required in Section !I01 O F cl,:t~,l.<~r IX.

(h) Heating equipment, other than direct-fired unit heaters, shall hc plnrcd in a selxtrate room cut off by coi~struction equivalent to 8- inch bricli walls and 4-inch reinforced concrete floor and ceiling with no opening except a s required for heating pipes and ducts and with outside entrance only.

(i) Connection between garage and any room having a direct- fired heating device, or gas fixture, shall be by means of a doorway with sill raised a t least 8 inches above the garage floor level, or through a vestibule providing two doorway separations.

SECTION 509 - GREENHOUSES

Greenhouses more than 35 feet in height shall have a non-combustible structural frame. Greenhouses not over 400 square feet in area, or 15 feet high, shall be considered accessory structures and may be of any construction except that any greenhouse with wood frames shall be located not less than 5 feet from any adjoining structure or property line.

SECTION 510 - STADIUMS AND GRANDSTANDS

( a ) Stadiums and grandstands may be constructed of steel, iron, reinlorced concrete, or wood, designed for live loads and for wind pressures in accordance with the requirements of this Code. They shall not be erected on the roof of any building or structure.

(b) In stands constructed of wood or other combustible materials, the level of the highest seats above the ground (level of ground a t immediate front of the stand) shall not exceed 25 feet, and such stands shall not be located within 20 feet of adjoining property lines, 01 wlthin 50 feet of adjoining Type VI-Wood Frame structures.

(c) When the space under a stand is used for any purpose, the space shall be enclosed in construction having not less than 1-hour fire-resistance and shall meet the separation requirements of Sec- tion 412.

(d) Aisles not less than 3 feet 6 inches wide shall be provided so that there are not more than 20 seats between anv seat and an aisle. Where backs are provided, seats shall be spaced-not less than 30 inches back to back.

(e) A distance of 18 inches along any bench shall constitute one seat in figuring the required exit facilities.

SECTION 51 1 - AMUSEMENT PARK BUILDINGS

(a) Amusement park buildings used as dining rooms, theaters, or for other purposes shall conform to the requirements of this Code governing the particular use or occupancy.

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(h) Amusement park buildings over one story in height, or 1200 sqo:irr. Fcct in .Floor :~rc:~, sh:~ll 11:rvr cstc:~.iov w:tlls; Ilonrs :und their supports of not less than 1-hour iire resistive constrnetion.

(c) Where amusement park buildings are located within 30 feet of adjacent,property lines, huildings o r other structures, the exterior walls shall be constructed of non-combustible materials, or shall be protected to provide not less than 1-hour fire-resistance.

(d) Structures of open skeleton frame type shall not be limited in height or area, except that grandstands shall comply with the requirements of Section 510.

( e ) Amusement structures shall provide adequate safety for all loads to which they may be subjected and shall be equipped with approved safety devices and safeguards.

SECTION 512 - ASSEMBLY OCCUPANCIES

This Section shall apply to all places of public assembly, except churches.or places of worship which shall be governed by the

, regulations a s set forth in Section 514.

512.1 -TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION

(a) Buildings of Group E-1 Large Assembly with stage shall be of Type I-Fireproof or of Type 11-Fire-Resistive Const.ruction, ex- ' eept that in auditoriums, ornamental wood, trusses and paneling may be of wood.

(b) Buildings of Group E-1 Large Assembly-without stage shall come within the limitations of use prescribed in Section 408.6.

( c ) Buildings of Group E-2 Small Assembly shall come within the limitations of use prescribed in Section 408.6 as modified herein.

(d) Gymnasiums and similar occupancies may have, running tracks constructed of wood or unprotected metal.

(e) For requirements for stadiums and, grandstands see Section 510, for amusement park structures see Section 511.

512.2 -EXCEPTION TO AREA LIMITATIONS

Where there are no balconies or galleries in Group E-2, ~ h l a l l Assembly Places, and the assembly floor is located at, or within, 21 inches of street or grade level and all exits meet the street or grade level by ramps having a slope not exceeding 1 foot in 10 feet, the maximum allowable areas of Type 111, IV, and V construction may be increased 50 per cent over those specified for Group E Asselnbly occupancies in Table 408.6.

512.3 -INTERIOR FINISH AND DECORATIONS

(a) For regulations governing flame spread of ceiling and wall finish materials see Section 704.3. Use of materials which give off smoke that is more dense, or toxic gases that are more toxic than are

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given off by the burning of untreated wood or untreated gaper under <.#>!,,~>:,r>,l,l<. < . S ] , < ~ S < , V ~ . 1.8, I,,.:,l. ,,r fI>,,, ,<! sl,:,ll , , , > L I,,! , , , ! ~ , , , ~ L L c < I .

(b) In no event shall imitation leather or other material, consisting of, or coated with, a pyroxylin or similarly hazardous hase, be used in Group E, Assembly occupancies. The use of combustible materials for decorative purposes in Group E Assembly occupancies, including among others, curtains, cloth, paper, streamers, draperies, vines, leaves, trees, moss, or other interior decorations, shall be prohibited.

512.4-WALLS AND PARTITIONS

(a) All walls and partitions for enclosing stairs, passageways or corridors (except foyers or waiting space) which are used for exits, or enclosing rooms used for exit purposes in Group E, Assembly buildings, shall have not less than 2-hour fire-resistance. Also refer lo Section 702.

(b) Where Group E, Assembly occupancy is involved in a building used for any other purpose, separation of occupancies shall be a s provided in Section, 412.

512.5 -LOCATION O F BUILDING

All buildings of Group E, Assembly occupancy shall front directly upon a t least one public street or public place not less than 30 feet wide, in which front shall be located the main entrance and rxit of such building.

Refer to Chapter XI, Means of Egress Requirements, for exits and exit access requirements.

512.7 -AISLES AND SEATING

( a ) Every aisle shall lead to an exit door or to a cross aisle running patallel to the seats and leading directly to an exit.

(b) Aisles, cross-aisles, corridors, and passageways shall be of width a t least equal to the minimum width required for exits in this Code, but in no case shall the width of an aisle or cross-aisle be less than thc width of the widest aisle, passage, cross-aisle or exit which i t serves. No aisle shall be less in width than 36 inches, lpeasured a t its na1.1.owest point a t the end farthest from the foyer, plus an increase of 1% inches for each 5 feet of length of such aisle from i ts beginning to an exit, except that aisles with seats on one side only may be 6 inches less in width, and except that when not to exceed 60 seats are served by an aisle, i ts width may be 30 inches. Where egress is provided a t both ends of an aisle, the aisle may have a uniform width not less than the average widths herein specified. No cross-aisle shall be less than 3 feet-6 inches wide. An aisle bordering on a means of entrance shall he not less than 4 feet wide.

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(c) In all balconies and galleries having more than 20 rows of ::v:tl.s, l.lt,:~<! sl>:tll lm ~ ~ v o v i ~ l ~ ~ ~ 1 :\ ~ r ~ ~ s s - : ~ i s l c tnol: less l . l ~ : ~ n 4 feet v,iclc leading directly to an exit.

(d) There shall be no obstructions of any kind in any aisle. Aisles shall not have a slope of more than one in ten except that the maximum gradient in aisles on the main auditorium floor shall not exceed one in five. Ramps steeper than one in eight shall have non-slip surface.

(e) Rows of seats between aisles shall have not more than 14 seats.

( f ) Rows of seats opening on to an aisle a t one end only shall have not more than 7 seats. Seats without dividing arms shall have their capacity determined by allowing 18 inches per person.

( g ) Exits and aisles shall be so located that the travel distance to an exit door shall not be greater than 100 feet h~easured along the line of travel.

(h) Steps shall not be used in aisles of the main auditorium floor, .;.or in other aisles, where differences of level can be overcome by 'gradients not exceeding those permitted herein. Where steps are used in aisles, such steps shall extend across the full width of aisles and shall be illuminated; treads and risers shall be a s required elsewhere in the Code for exit stairs. No isolated steps shall be permitted nor s l~a l l the aggregate rise of a group-of steps exceed 21 inches.

( i ) In places of assembly used regularly for theatrici~l or similar performances, or for the display of motion pictul.es, the seats shall be securely fastened to the floor. In restaurants, cafeterias, cafeto- riums, gymnatoriums and similar multi-purpose places of assembly, the seats shall not be required to be fastened to the floor. All other Group E, Assembly occupancies seating more than 200 persons shall have seats fastened to the floor. All seats in balconies or galleries shall be secured to the floor except that in railed-in enclosures, boxes, or loges, with level floors and having no more than 14 seats, the sckts need not be fastened to the floor, or have separating arms.

(j) The spacing of rows of seats from back to back shall be not less than 30 inches, and not less than 27 inches plus the sum of the thickness of the back and the inclination of that hack; but in all cases there shall be a space of not less than 12 inches between the , back of one seat and the front o l the seat immediately behind i t as measured between plumb lines.

512.8 -CONTINENTAL SEATING SYSTI2MS

( a ) Chairs shall be of the fixed type installed in continuous rows across the auditorium, except in areas where aisles are duslgnatcd.

(h) Chairs shall be i lao~. attilcherl, liscr attaehecl, o r mountc~l on bars which are firmly anchored to ihe floor o r riser facing.

( c ) Nt, v11:~ir s11:tIl I N > lt,ss I.l>:tt> 20 in<:I~vs i n widll, :ts t ~ , c : t s ~ ~ r ~ ~ l accrg#ss t l ~ ! cltxir (ruin> c;c:t~Lt:r li!>cs o r Z\I'IB& !,csls.

((I) Scals of chairs rnay ire an aulumalic or self-rising Lyl~c scal, o r a non-lifting or non-automntieally lifting type seat. The minimum space requirements for walkways shall be measured in the seat-UP position for automatic or self-rising seats, all other seats shall be measured in the seat-down position.

(e ) Backs of chairs may be stationary or they may be spring operated to encroach on the space between the rows when occupied, provided tha t such encroacl~ment is limited, to a maximum of 5 inches as measured between vertical plumb lines from a point a t the center of the upper rear edge of the back before and after depressing the back to i ts maximum rearward position. The back shall automatically return to a stabilized position of zero encroachment when unoccupied.

( f ) Miximum number of chairs per row shall not exceed eighty (80), except as provided in paragraph (g ) of this Section.

( g ) The spacing of adjacent rows of unoccupied chairs shall be arranged so as to form a minimum spacing of walkways between rows of seats of not less than 21 inches in width and shall be measured between the plumb lines of the front edge of the seats and the top edge of the back of the seats in the row directly ahead. When the row of chairs exceeds eighty (80) chairs per row, the minimum spacing of walli>vays between rows of seats shall not be less than 24 inches.

( h ) The top edges of chair backs must extend a minimum of 21 inches above the front edge of platforn~ r i ier treads immediately to the mar. When i t is necessary to increase riser heights in order to meet the desired sight-lines to the stage or screen, a safety rail 21 inches high shall be installed along the line of chair backs a t the front edge of platform riser treads and shall be anchored to the tread.

( i ) Platform riser facing shall be in a true vertical plane and the joint between the tread and facing shall not include a fillet of more than 'h inch radius.

( j ) Ventilator hoods or similar devices which are specified for attachment to floors directly under the chair seats shall not exceed ' 4 inches in height.

(k) Incline of the areas of the floor on which chairs a re installed shall not exceed 1 inch per foot forward or .75 inch per foot reverse. Inclines within the same limitations may be used in the tread areas of platform riser systems.

(I) Concretc floors shall have a minimum thicl(ness of 3 inchcs and a minimum rating of 3000 PSI. Concrete risers l o r treads shall have a minimum thickness of 3 inbhes and riser facings a minimum thickness of 5 inches.

(m) Pre-sttessed o r pre-fonned concrete risers and/or steel faced riser systems shall provide permanent anchored locks between tread and facing which are designed to withstand the full amount of tor-

5 - 1 4

tion fo~.ees gener;~tc,l when chairs which a8.e attached t*) ~.iscr facing r . i . 1 rln.o i.is,.t.n altnll Itn\,c. ,I i > l i ! t i t u ~ a ~ u l l ~ i ~ l ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ s : ~ or % inch.

( n ) Wood floors a re not approved for auditorium floors in buildings designed for continental seating systems.

(0) Side wall exits and side aisles shall be provideti in accordance with one .of the following methods:

1. Two exits, one each side of the auditorium, may serve not more than' five rows of chairs directly between thesc exits provided the width of these exits shall not be less than 6'-0" for each exit. They may be so placed that the ends of each fifth row may terminate no less than 18" from the side \\rails and the ends of the other four rows shall terminate so as to form side aisles of not less than 48-inch width.

2. Two exits, onk each side of the auditorium, may serve not more than four rows of chairs directly between these exits provided the width of these exits shall be not less than 5'-0" for . each exit. They may be so placed tha t the ends of each

<I fourth row may terminate no less than 18" from the side walls and the ends of the other three rows shall terminate so a s to form side aisles of not less than 42-inch width.

3. Two exits, one each side of the auditoriunl, may serve not more than three rows of chairs directly between these exits '

provided the width of these exits shall be not less than 4'-0" for each exit. They may be so placed tha t the ends of each third row may terminate no less than 18" from the side walls and the ends of the other two rows shall terminate so as to form side aisles of not less than 36-inch width.

( p ) Aisles, except as provided herein, shall be not less than 44 inches in width. Where exits are, provided on only one side of the auditorium, no aisle may serve more than 50 seats per row, and exit doors shall be provided along each such aisle a t the rate of one pair of exit doors for each 5 rows of seats. Such exit doors shall provide a minimum clear width of 6':O" for each esit.

(q) Aisles shall provide access to a cross aisle, foyer or exit.

( r ) The lengtfi of travel to an exit door by any aisle shall not be greater than 150 feet.

(s ) No dead-end aisle shall be greater than 20 feet in length. This does not refer to walkways required between rows of seats.

( t ) The width of cross aisles, foyers, exit lobbies, or esit passageways shall be of suificient width to accommotlate 50% of thc total occupant load served by such aisles or spaces a s determined in accordance with Sections 1105.1 and 1105.3.

(u) Main entrance doorways and exit doorways which open directly to the outside of the building shall open directly to a street or open public space and shall be of sufficient width to accommodate

5 - 15

50% of the total occupant load but shall not be less than the sun1 of Llw vcquirvd \vi<ILl, o f :)I1 :iislvs, exit p:tss:t~<:w:hys, w i t w : ~ y s , or exit foyers leading thereto.

(v). Where doors open from the main auditorium seating area, lighted exit signs will not be required a t each individual exit doonvay. When such doorways open into aisles, corridors, exit passageways, exit foyers, or exit lobbies, lighted directional exit signs shall be provided in such a manner as to be visible from each doorway leading from the main auditorium seating area.

512.9 -RAILINGS

(a ) The facia of boxes, balconies and galleries shall have substantial railings not less than 26 inches high above the floor. The railing a t the ends of aisles extending to the facia shall be not less than 30 inches high for the width of the aisle, or 36 inches high if a t foot of steps.

(b) cross-aisles, except where the backs of seats on the front of the aisle project 24 inches o r more above the floor of the aisles, shall be provided with railings not less than 26 inches high.

( c ) In balconies, galleries, or other locations where seats a r e arranged on platforms or successive tiers, and the height of the rise from one platform to another exceeds 21 inches, a substantial railing of not less than 30 inches high shall be placed at the edge of the platform along the entire row of seats.

512.10 -PLACARD INDICATING CAPACITY

A placard indicating the allowable maximum legal capacity of every Group E, Assembly occupancy, in number of occupants other than employees, shall be displayed in a prominent place. Such signs shall read a s follows:

"Occupancy by more than persons is dangerous and unlawful."

Building Official

512.11 - CONSTRUCTION OF STAGE, PROSCENIUM AND APPURTENANT ROOMS

(a ) Any working stage (see definition) shall be enclosed on all sides with walls having a fire-resistance of not less than four hours and extending from foundation to a height of four feet above roof.

(b) There shall be no openings in the wall separating a working stage from the auditorium except the stage or proscenium opening, one doorway a t each side of the proscenium opening a t the stage floor level or the auditorium floor level, a t the lcvel of the musicians pit, and where necessary to the organ. Each such doorway shall be not more than 21 square feet in arca and shall be protected by a self-closing fire door of 3-hr. fire-resistive rating.

(c) Thcre shall be no windows in such enclosure walls of a u ~ o r I < i ~ ~ sl.:kg<: withiu 5 rcct of j)ropcvty lintc ~ ~ L l ~ ~ ~ t l , :~ t~ :I s t rwt lint, and all windows, shall be o i app~oved fire-resistive tpgc.

(rl) All mouldings and decorations around proscenium ollening shall be constructed entirely of non-combustible or fire-resistant materials.

(e) Above the proscenium opening of a working stage shall be a girder or other structural member of adequate strength to support all loads, constructed of non-combustible material and protected to provide not less than 4-hour fire-resistance.

( f ) All that portion of the working stage except that useti for the working of scenery, traps and other mechanical apparatus for the presentation of a scene, approximately equal to the width of the proscenium opening, shall be of Type I-Fireproof construction, and appurtenant rooms and compartments shall be of Type I-Fireproof or Type 11-Fire-Resistive construction.

(g) The rigging loft, fly galleries, including pin-rails, shall be of i+ non-combustible materials.

(h) The roof over the working stage shall be of Type I-Fire- proof construction.

( i ) Dressing rooms, scene docks, p rope~ ty rooms, workshops, store-rooms, and other rooms or compartments appurtenant to the stage shall be of Type I-Fireproof or Type 11-Fire-Resistive construction and shall be separated from the working stage and 'other parts of the building by walls having a fire-resistance rating of not less than 3-hours. Such rooms and spaces shall be separated from each other by non-combustible partitions providing not less than 2-hours iire-resistance, except that partitions separating dressing rooms from each other shall have a t least 1-hour fire-resistance. In no case shall openings other than the necessary doorways a t stage level, protected with self-cllosing fire doors, connect such looms with the stage.

(j) Openings through stage floors shall be equipped with tight- fitting trap doors of wood not less than 2 inches thick.

(k) The troughs or frames for footlights and border lights shall be of metal or other non-combustible materials. The suspension lines of border lights shall be of wire for a t least 10 feet from the frames.

(1) All electrical equipment shall be protected from falling ob- jects and from contact with stage equipment, and shall conform with the City electrical requirements.

(m) All woodwork and all scenery, drapes, and sets used upon the stage shall be coated or treated by approved method to make them non-ilammable or fire-resistive.

(n) All shelving, closets, ete., property rooms, or storage rooms, shall be constructed of metal or other non-combustible material.

5 - 11

used 111 the operatloll of the machine. Every motion picture machine shall be securely fastened to the floor.

(h) Metal cabinets or boxes with tight self-closing doors, each wlth a capacity not in excess of 10 reels of film, with individual compartments for each reel, shall be provided to store films not in use; no solder shall be used in the construction of such cabinets and boxes.

(i) Ventilation shall be provided by one or more mechanjcal exhaust systems which shall draw a i r from each arc lamp housmg and from one or more points near the ceiling. Systems shall exhaust to outdoors either directly or through a non-combustible flue used for no other purpose. Exhaust capacity shall be not less than 15 cubic feet nor more than 50 cubic feet per minute for each arc lamp, plus 200 cubic feet per minute for the room itself. For a booth containing two projectors, the exhaust flue shall be not less than 18 inches in diam- eter or equivalent size. Systems shall be controlled from within the enclosure and have pilot lights to indicate operation. The exhaust system serving the projection room may be extended to cover rooms associated therewith, such as rewind rooms. No dampers shall be installed in such exhaust systems. Ventilation of these rooms shall not be connected in any way with ventilating or a i r conditioning systems servinx other uortions of the building. -

( j ) Exhaust ducts shall be of non-combustible ninrerial, and shall eitker be kcpr 1 inch from combustible material o r covered with 'h inch of approved, non-combustible, heat insulating material.

(k) Fresh air intakes other than those direct to the open a i r shall be protected by approved fire shutters arranged to operate automat- ' ically with the port shutters.

(1) Provisions shall be made so that the auditorium lights can be turned on from inside the projection booth and from a t least one other convenient point in the building.

512.17-OUTDOOIL MOTION PICTURE PROJECTION BOOTHS

Every motion picture projector, films or equipment shall be enclosed in a booth of not less than non-combustible construction throughout. Flammable films shall be kept in separate metal containers, stored in metal cabinets tightly closed.

512.18 - IlEWINDING OF FILM

All rewinding of film shall be done either in a projection booth, or in a room enclosure constructed to meet the fire-resistance requirements prescribed for film projection booths. If done in projection, mom, approved enclosed type rewind machines shall be used and an approved can with self-enclosing hinged cover shall be provided for scrap film.

512.19 - SUPPLEMENTARY LIGHTING SYSTEM

There shall be installed in every Group E-1 Large Assembly a supplementary lighting system in addition to the regular system by

5 - 2 0

local electric power. Such supplementary or emergency lighting shall bc automatically actuatcd in ease of pa\r.er Failure. Every supplementary lighting system shall be maintained in good working order and shall be tested a t least once every ten days.

SECTION 513 - BOWLING ALLEYS

513.1 -GENERAL

(a) Bowling Alleys shall comply with Section 405, Group "B"- Business and all provisions related thereto and with the provisions of this Section.

(b) Where bowling pin finishing or refinishing operations are carried on, such a separate building, or a separate room, constructed as specified herein, shall be provided.

(c) Such a room shall be located a t or above street level and shall have one or more windows opening to the outside of the building.

(d) Walls and ceiling of such rooms shall have not less than one- hour fire-resistance. Floors shall be of concrete a t least two inches .* thick or of equivalent non-combustible protective material.

(e) Door openings shall be provided with non-combustible sills, raised six inches above floor level and protected with approved f ire doors.

( f ) Shelving, containers, and all furnishings shall he of non-conl- bustible material. Machinery shall be effectively grounded. See Sec- tion 501.1 ( f ) .

( g ) Ventilation sufficient to effect complete change of air a t least once every three minutes shall be provided.

SECTION 514 - CHURCHES

514.1 -SCOPE This section shall apply to churches or places of worship. All

other places of public assembly shall be governed by the regulations a s set forth in Section 512.

514.2 -TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION For types of construction permitted and other limitations related

thereto, see Section 408.6.

514.3 -EXITS Refer to Chapter XI, Means of Egress Requirements, for exits

and exit access requirements.

514.4 -INTERIOR FINISH AND DECORATIONS All interior finishes and decorations shail conforn~ with Section

512.3 except that nothing in this Section shall prevent rhe use of wood for ornamental purposes, trusses, paneling or chancel furnishing.

514.5 -AISLES AND SEATING

(11) 1~:~:1.y ni:<l<f :1111111 Ic~I<I LO 1111 exit d0<11. or 10 i t CL-uss aisle L.UII-

ning parallel to thc seats and leading rlircctly to an exit. No aisle shall be less in width than 36 inches plus an increase of 1 % inches Ior each five feet of such aisle from its beginning to an exit, except that aisles with seats on one side may be six inches less in width; where egress is provided a t both ends of an aisle, the aisle may have a uniform width of not less than specified herein. No cross aisle shall be less than 3 feet 6 inches. An aisle bordering on a means of entrance shall be not less than 4 feet wide.

(b) There shall,be no obstructions of any kind in an aisle. Aisles shall not exceed a gradient of more than one in eight. No steps shall be used in any aisle where differences of level can Be overcome by gradients. Where i t is necessary in balconies to use steps, they shall extend the full width of aisles and risers shall not exceed six and one-half inches.

(c) Rows of seats between aisles shall have not more than 20 seats. Rows of seats opening onto an aisle a t bne end shall have not more than 7 seats. Seats without dividing arms shall have their capacity determined by allowing 18 inches per person.

(d) The spacing of rows of seats from back to back shall be not less than 30 inches. In every case there shall be a clear space of not less than 12 inches between the back of one seat and the front of one seat immediately behind it, measured a t the seat line.

514.6 -AREA INCREASE

Where there are no balconies or galleries in churches and places of worship and the assembly floor is located at , o r within, 21 inches of the street or grade level and all exits meet the street or grade level by ramps having a slope not exceeding 1 foot in 10 feet, the maximum allowable areas of Type 111, IV, and V construction may be increased 50 per cent over those specified for Group E Assembly occupancies in Table 408.6.

SECTION 515 - FARM BUILDINGS

F a ~ m Buildings shall include those structures other than resi- dences ahd structures appurtenant thereto, for on-farm use (barns, sheds, poultry houses, etc.). Maximum allowable deflection for structural members of such farm buildings shall not exceed 1/180 of span. Design limitations based on deflection a s prescribed elsewhere in this code shall not be applicable.

SECTION 516 - COVERED MALLS, WALKWAYS AND TUNNELS 51c;.l - SCOI'IC

Tlliv s c c l i o ~ ~ sllall apply lo cor~~~ecl iuns bctwcell lbuil,llngs such a s covered malls and walkways or tunnels, located at, above or below grade level, that are used as a means of travel by persons.

516.2 -DEFINITIONS

(a) Covered mall: is a covered or roofed interior area havine a - minimum horizontal dimension of 30 feet used as a pedestrian public- way and connecting buildings and/or group of buildings housing individual or multiple tenants.

(b) Covered walkway: is a roofed, unobstructea walkway, where the least horizontal dimension is less than thirty (30) feet, connecting buildings and used a s a means of travel by persons and where less than fifty (50) percent of the perimeter is enclosed.

(c) Enclosed walkway: is a roofed, unobstructed walkway, where the least horizontal dimension is less than thirty (30) feet, connecting buildings and used a s a means of travel by persons and wk$re fifty (50) percent or more of the perideter is enclosed.

(d) Tunneled walkway: is an . unobstructed underground walkway connecting buildings and used a s a means of travel by persons.

516.3 - CONSTRUCTION

(a) Covered Malls: The roof construction and supporting members of a covered mall shall be required to be of a type of construction permitted for the buildings connected and where Type IV, V, or VI construction is used i t shall provide not less than 1 hour fire resistance. All unprotected walls and openings separating a tenant area from the mall area shall be provided with a water curtain unless , the tenant area is provided with a complete automatic sprinkler system. Where there is an occupied area above the mall, the occupancy separation provisions of this code shall apply.

Concealed spaces in a mall roof assembly shall be separated from adjoining buildings by not less than 1 hour fire resistive construction.

Except where an approved automatic sprinkler system is provided; Class 1 hose cabinets shall be provided for each 200 feet of mall length.

(b) Covered walkway: A covered walkway shall be of any type of construction permitted by this code, provided the walls and openings a t the point of connection to the building shall be protected so a s to reasonably prevent the spread of fire from one building into the other.

(c) Enclosed walkway: An enclosed walkway shall be required to be of a type of construction permitted for the buildings connected. : Separation between the enclosed walkway and the building to which i t is connected, except when used a s an exit outlet, shall be of not

5 - 2 3

less than 1 hour fire resistant construction, and openings therein shall I,<? ~,~ .o loe lc< l in :~r:<:c,t.<l:incv \vil.ll SceLion 70:1.

(d ) Tunneled walkway: A tunneled walkway shall bc of a type of of construction suitable for underground location. Separation between the tutlneled walkway :rnd the builcling Lo which it is eonncete~l shnll be not less than 2 hour fire resistant construction and openings therein shall be protected in accordance with Section 703.

516.4- ALLOWABLE AREAS

When cbmplying with the provisions of this code, covered malls of Types I and IS construction may be unlimited in area. For all other types of construction the basic allowable area for covered malls shall be 12,000 square feet. The area of covered malls may be increased:

( a ) 200 percent when the covered mall is provided with. a complete automatic sprinkler system and

(b) a t the rate of 25 percent for each side of the building provided with a t least thirty (30) foot width of mall leading to a public place o r street not less than thirty (30) feet in width, but not to exceed 100 percent.

516.5 -EXITS See Chapter XI.

516.6 -VENTILATION

Smoke and heat venting shall be provided for covered malls and enclosed walkways and tunneled walkways. Such venting systems shall be in accordance with "Guide for Smoke and Heat Venting, NFPA 204-68," or other accepted engineering practice.

CHAPTER VI

CLASSIFICATION OF BUILDINGS

BY CONSTRUCTION

SECTION 601 - CLASSIFICATION BY TYPE OF CONSTRUCTION

601.1 -TYPES

All buiidings shall be classified into six general types according to the character of materials employed and their method of assembly, as follows:

TYPE I - FIREPROOF

TYPE I1 - FIRE-RESISTIVE

TYPE 111 - HEAVY TIMBER , TYPE IV - NON-COMBUSTIBLE

TYPE V - ORDINARY

TYPE VI - WOOD FRAME

601.2 - FIRE-RESISTANCE REQUIREMENTS

All fire-resistance requirements are expressed in terms of the number of hours of satisfactory performance in accordance with the "Standard Methods of Fire Tests of Building Construction and Ma- terials, ASTM E119-67."

601.3 -MATERIALS AND CONSTRUCTION APPROVED FOR FIRE PROTECTION

(a) The degree of fire resistance and the materials, assemblies, and constructions providing such resistance shall be a s defined in Chapter X of this Code, except that other materials, assemblies, and constructions shall be approved, provided test data of a recognized engineering o r testing laboratory are submitted, establishing that they develop the required fire-resistance ratings under tests made in accordance with the "Standard Methods of Fire Tests of Building Con- struction and Materials, ASTM E119-67."

(b) Where structural requirements necessitate assemblies providing greater fire resistance than specified in this Chapter, such structural requirements shall govelm.

SECTION 602 -TYPE I - FIREPROOF CONSTRUCTION

602.1 - GENEIZAI,

Type I-Fireprooi construction, is that in which all exterior walls a rc of masonry or reinbreed concrete, or of other approved materials or combination of materials, and in which all the structural members arc o i non-combustible materials, and provide fire-resistance not less than stipulated in this Section. 602.2 - FIRE DISTllICT - SECTION 301

~ ~~-

602.3-ALLOWABLE HEIGHT - SECTIONS 401 to 411, inclusive

602.4 -ALLOWABLE AREA - SECTIONS 404 to 411, inclusive 602.5- FIRE I~IlOTECTI\'E 1lb:QUlREhlENTS-TYPE I-FIRE- - .-

P1100F

TABLE 602.5 -- IRE PROTECTIVE REQUIREMENTS, TYPE I-FIREPROOF

Required STRUCTURAL

MEMBEM Resistance

Exterior Non-Bearing (See Section 608.3)

Inner Coult Walls Penthouse Walls

Party and fire walls shall extend not less than three (3) feet above the roof, except that firer walls need not extend above the roof where the roof is of non- combustible construction for the area within forty (40) feet of each side of the wall.

All walls except: Where wall faces on street or public place thirty (30) feet or more in width.

Where wall faces on street or public place fifty (50) feet o r more in width.

All walls except: Where protection of wall openings is not required by Section 703.

All walls except: Where penthouse walls set back five (5) feet or more from exterior walls. Where set back is

TABLE 602.5 -FIRE PROTECTIVE REQUIREMENTS TYPE I-FIREPROOF (Continued)

STRUCTURAL MEMBERS

Required Firc

Resistance (Hours

Inner Court Penthouse (Continued) -7

COLUMNS Supporting Masonry

o r Bearing Walls '' Supporting Roofs

only Other Columns

less than five (5) ieet, penthouse walls shall conform to fire-resistance terior walls. ratings for ex-

PARTITIONS Interior Bearing l,,terior N ~ ~ - B ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~

TRUSSES Supporting Masonry

or Bearing Walls, Columns, Girders, Trusses

Supporting Roofs only

Other Trusses

Supporting Masonry o r Bearing Walls, Columns, Girders, Trusses


4 Sec. 702.2

Other Girders I

Enclosures and vertical openings-Sect. 701. Buildings with mixed occupancies - Sect. 412. All other partitions-Sect. 702.

See Footnote

See Footnote

BEAMS - Supporting Masonry

or Bcaring Walls, Columns, Girders, Trusses


Other Beams

6 - 3

4 1% I*

2% See Footnote

TABLE 602.6 - FIRE PROTECTIVE REQUIREMENTS, TYPE I-FIREPROOF (Continued)

. . ............................. Xequired

STRUCTURAL Fire 1 MEMBERS Resistance

FLOORS -- Deck Construction

ROOFS Deck Construction High above floor 1 ? 1 See Footnote

NOTE: * ( I ) In buildings of Group C and E (School and Assembly) occupancies, where structural steel members supporting a roof only are not less than eighteen feet clear above any floor or balcony, one hour fire-resistance shall be provided; where clear distance is twenty-five feet or more fire protection of stluctural, steel members supporting roof construction only may be omitted.

NOTE: *(2) In one story buildings, approved Fire-Retardant Treated Wood may be used a s a n alternate to non-combustible and in buildings of Group C and E (School and Assem- bly) occupancies, one hour fire-resistance shall be provided where the supporting members of the roof a re not less than eighteen feet clear above any floor or balcony; where clear distance i s twenty-five feet or more the fire protection of supporting members of the roof construction only may be omitted.

PROTECTION O F WALL OPENINGS ................................ Section 703 FIRESTOPPING .......................................................................... Section 705

.............................................. STAIRWAY CONSTRUCTION Section 1115 ROOF COVERINGS Sections 301 and 706

REGULATIONS GOVERNING EXTERIOR USE O F COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS:

a. Gutters and Leaders .............................. Section 711 .................................... b. Dormer Windows Section 709

c. Towers, Spires and Cupolas ................ Section 712 ........................................ d. cool in^ Towers Section 714

.......................................................... e. Tanks Section 713 f. Skylights ................................................... Section 707

' REGULATIONS GOVERNING INTERIOR USE O F COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS: - ~ ~ ~

.......................................... a. Floor Finish Section 704.2

SECTION 602.6 - STRUCTURAL AND ENGINEERING REOUTREMENTS

a. Minimum Design Loads ........................ Chapter XI1

b. Foundations ........................................... C h a p XI11

c. Steel ......................................................... Chapter XV

d. Concrete ................................................. Chapter XVI

e. Masonry ............................................. Chapter XIV

f. Aluminum ........................................ C a p e XXVIII

g. Lathing, Plastering and Gypsum Wallboard .......................... Chapter XVIII

h. Stair Construction ................................ Section 1115

i. Elevators and Escalators ................ Chapter XXIV

j. Safeguards During Constructirh ........ Chapter XXI

b. Ceilings and .................... other interior finishes Section 704.

SECTION 603 - TYPE I 1 - FIRE-RESISTIVE CONSTRUCTION

fiO3.l - CENERAI,

Type 11-Fire-Resistive construction is that in which all exterior walls are of masonry or reinforced concrete, or of other approved materials or combinations of materials and in which all the structural members are of non-combustible materials, and provide fire-resistance not less than stipulated in this section.

603.2 - 1qRE DISTRICT- SECTION 301

603.3 -ALLOWABLE HEIGHT - SECTIONS 404 to 411, inclusive

603.4-ALLOWABLE AREA - SECTIONS 404 to 411, inclusive

603.5 -FIRE PROTECTIVE REQUIREMENTS - TYPE I1 - FIRE-RESISTIVE

TABLE 603.5 - FIRE PROTECTIVE REQUIREMENTS, TYPE I1 - FIRE-RESISTIVE

Exterior Non-Bearing l i I All walls except: (See Section 608.3) Where protection of wall open-

ings is not required by Section

Exterior Bearing

Party and fire walls shall extend not less than three (3) feet above the roof, except that fire- walls need not extend above the roof where the roof is of non- combustible construction for the area within forty (40) feet of each side of the wall.

STRUCTURAL MEMBERS

WALLS - Party Walls Fire Walls

I is less than five (5) feet, penthouse walls shall conform to fire-resistive ratings for ex-

Required Fire

Resistance (Hours)

4 4

3** 2

Inner Court Walls Penthouse Walls

I I terior walls.

See Footnote Where wall faces on Street Or public place thirty (30) feet or more in width.

TABLE 603.5-FIRE PIZOTECTIVE ItEQUIRE>IESTS, TYPE I1 - FIRE-IIESISTI\'I~ (Co~~t intxrd)

2 2

Required STRUCTURAL Fire

MEMBERS Resistance

Where penthouse walls set back five (5) feet or more from exterior walls. Where set back

/ (Hours) 1 PARTITIONS Enclosures and vertical open-

Interior Bearing ings-Sect. 701. Buildings with mixed occupancies - Sect. 412.

Supporting Masonry o r Bearinp Walls

Supporting koofs onlv I

o t h e r Columns 1 2 1 TRUSSES

Supporting Masonry o r Bearing Walls, Columns, Girders, Trusses

Supporting Roofs only See Footnote

Other Trusses I 1

GIRDERS I 1 I

Supporting Masonry o r Bearing Walls, Columns, Girders, ,

Trusses Supporting ~ o o f s only1 13* 1 See Footnote

Other Girders

See Footnote

1 'h

- Supporting Masonry



I ther Beams 4

I I BEAMS

3 l*

- FL. .. -

ROOFS Deck Construction High above Floor O* 1 See Footnotc -

TABLE 603.5 -FIRE PIIOTECTIVE lIEQUIRE>IEXTS, TYPll 11 - I.'IRE-IIESISTIVE (Co~~tinued)

NI~Iv : + I t , qlrn. :;Lu.y llllilllitlgs (11' (:l.llllll ( : i t l ~ < l I,: (S1.1~t~l l :IIIII Assetni,ly) oet:vl,;~ncics, :~lrplava<l I'irc ~al;~~.clnnt Ll.cntc<l wood may be asetl as an alternate to non-combustiblc and ;tncI !'irc-l11.~,ol'ing or strucLn~.al mcmbcrn map l ~ c omittcd in such buildings where said structural nlembers support a roof only and are twenty (20) feet or more clear above any floor or balcony. In such buildings structural members of heavy timber sizes may be used a s an alternate to such unprotected structural steel roof members.

**Exterior \r.alls of Type I1 buildings not over three (3) stories in height of Group A, B, C, D or E occupancy may be constructed of framed wall assemblies, tha t have fire resistance against outside exposure, a s specified in Table 603.5, and t ha t ha s not less than 1% hours fire-resistance inside the build in^. -

.......................... ..... PROTECTION OF WALL OPENINGS 1 Section 703 .......................................................................... FIRESTOPPING Section 705

STAIRWAY CONSTRUCTION ......................................... Section 1115 .................................................. ROOF COVERINGS Sections 301 and 706

.............................. a. Gutters and Leaders Section 711 .................................... b. Dormer Windows Section 709

c. Towem, Spires and Cupolas ................ Section 712 ........................................ d. Cooling Towers Section 714

.......................................................... e. Tanks Section 713 .................................................... f . Skylights Section 707

IlEGULATIONS GOVERNING INTERIOR USE O F COMBUSTTBLEMATER~ALS:

............................................ a. Floor finish Section 704.2 b. Ceilings and

.................. other interior finishes Section 704

SECTION 603.6 -STRUCTURAL AND ENGINEERING - REQUIREMENTS

...................... a. Minimum Design Loads Chapter XI1 b. Foundations ....................................... .-Chapter XI11 c. Steel ......................................................... Chapter XV (I. Concrete ................................................ Chapter XVI e. Masonry Chapter XIV f. Lathing,

Gypsum Wallboard ...................... Chapter XVIII ................................ g. Stair Construction Section 1115

h. Elevators and Escalators ................ Chapter XXIV i. Safeguards During Construction ........ Chapter XXI

6-8

SECTION 604 -TYPE Ill - HEAVY TIMBER CONSTRUCTION

G0. l . l -(~I<NI<I:ILI,

Typc 711-IIcxvy Tin~lrcr Cot~sl~.crclior~ is 111~~1 lyl,c ill ~vi~icls f i n . resistance is attained by the sizes of heavy timher members (sawn or glued-laminated) being not less than indicated in this Section or by providing fire-resistance not less than one-hour where materials other than wood are used; by the avoidance of concealed spaces under floors and roofs; by the use of approved fastenings, construction details, and adhesives fo r structural members; and by providing the required degree of fire-resistance in esterior and interior jvalls.

604.2 -FIRE DISTRICT- SECTIOX 301

604.3 -ALLOWABLE HEIGHT -' SECTIONS 404 to 411, INCLUSIVE

604.4-ALLOWABLE AREA - SECTIONS 404 to 411, INCLUSIVE

Pa r ty Walls Fire Walls

1, 604.5 -FIRE PROTECTIVE REQUIREMENTS - TYPE 111 - HEAVY TIMBER

TABLE 604.5 -PIRE PROTECTIVE REQUIREhIENTS

TYPE 111 - HEAVY TIMBER

STRUCTURAL MEMBERS

Required Fire-Res.

(H. T. Sizes or Hours)

Exterior Bearing Walls

Where a horizontal separation of twenty (20) feet but less than thirty (30) feet is provided.

6 - 9

WALLS See Note (1) for parapet re- - See Note (1) qulrements.

Exterior Non-Bearing Walls

3 2

All walls except: Where a horizontal separation of more than three (3) feet is presided.

3 2

All malls except: Where a horizontal separation of more than three (3) feet but less Lllan twcnly (20) fecL is provided.

TABLE 604.5 -FIRE PROTECTIVE REQUIREMENTS- TYPE I11 - HEAVY TIMBER (Continued)

.. . . . .. . . .. . . I Required 1

STRUCTURAL Resistance MEMBERS (H. T. Sizes 1 I

Exkrior Non-Bearing Where a horizontal separation of thirty (30) feet or more is provided. (See also Section 608.3.)

Inner Court Walls

PARTITIONS Interior Bearing

Interior Non-Bearing pancies - Sec. 412. All other partitions - Sec. 702.

Penthouse Walls

Vertical Openings

COLUMNS Supporting Masonry

Bearing Walls

2

Supporting Roof only

Where penthouse walls set back five (5) feet o r more from exterior walls. Where set back is less than five (5) feet, penthouse walls shall conform to fire-resistive rating of exterior walls.

6 x 8 or 1 Hr.

Enclosure for vertical openings -Section 701.

See Note (5).

Columns shall be continuous or superimposed by means of properly designed reinforced concrete or metal caps, or by timber splice plates affixed to the columns by means of timber con- nectors or by other approved methods.

Supporting Floors

TRUSSES See Note (4). Supporting Masonry

Bearing Walls

Supporting Roof only 4 x 6 o r 1 Hr.

Supporting Floors or 1 Hr.

6 - 10

TABLE 601.5 -I;IRE PROTECTIVE 11EQUIlIE>lI<STS- TYPE 111 - HEAVY TI>IBER (Conrira~tcd)

... . .~ . . -. ~~ . . ~.~ I Required I . ' l%re

Resistance fH. T. sizes I b r Hours) I

ARCHES Supporting Roof

onlv

6 x 8 for See Note (4) and Note (5): lower half Arches springing from floor lme

G x G for or erade.

Supporting Floors 8 x 8 1 I or 1 H r .

upperhalf

4 x 6 or 1 Hr.

BEAMS AND GIRDERS

Supporting masonry

, Arches springing from top of wall or mall abutments.

bearing walls

Supporting Roof only

Supporting Floors

FLOORS Deck Construction

See Note (2).

2

4 x 6 o r 1 Hr.

6 x 10 or 1 Hr.

ROOFS I I For roof anchorage see Section

Deck 1205.3. Constiuction See Notes (3) and (5).

See Note (5).

Girders and beams entering masonry shall have % inch air space on all sides and bear oh self-releasing wall plate bores or approved hangers. Where the wall is required to have a 2- hour or illore fire rating, i t shall have not less than 4 inches of solid masonry between the beam and the outside or adjacent beams.

NOTE (1) PARTY AND FIRE WALLS shall extend not less t l ~ a n three (3) feet above the roof.

EXTERIOR WALLS shall extend not less than eigliteen (18) inches above the roof, except that parapet walls need not be constructed on buildings where the roof slopes more than four (4) inches vertical to twelve (12) inches horizontal from the back of the exterior wall of such building, or where the exterior of such building is located thirty (30) feet or more distance from the property line

or oth81. building on the same property, or faces on an : ~ l l r ~ ov jr~~l,lir wny tllilty (30) fcct 01. mnvo in widtll.

NO'l'l': (2 ) I l l ~ h V Y 'I'IMBER IPLOORS shall be of sawn or glued- laminated lank, splined, o r tongued and grooved, of not lcss than 3 inches, nominal, in tl~iclcness or of planks not less than 4 inches, nominal, in width se t on edge and \veil spiked together. The planks shall be laid so tha t no continuous line of joints will occur except a t points of support.

Planks shall be covered wit11 1 inch, no~ninal, tongued and grooved flooring laid crosswise or diagonally. Planks and flooring shall not extend closer than '/z inch to walls to provide an expansion joint, and the joint shall be covered a t top and bottom.

NOTE (3 ) HEAVY TlMIlER ROOF DECKS shall be sawn or glued- laniinatctl, splined 01. tongue and grooved planl;, not less: lhati 2 inches, nominal, in thiclcness, one and one-eighth ( 1 % ) inches thick interior plywood (exterior glue), or of planLs not less tlian 3 inches, nominal, in \\ridth, set 011

edge and spiked together, as required for floors. Other types oP roof clecliing may be used that provide equivalent fire resistance, is not more co~llbustible than two (2) inch nominal \vood sheathing, and is used within spans which have been p r o ~ ~ e d str i~ctural ly safe by approved tests.

NOTE (4 ) ROOF FRAMING: Spaced members may be composed of t\vo or more pieces not less than 3 inches, nominal, in thickness when blocked solidly throughout their interven- ing spaces or when such spaces a r e tightly closed by a continuous wood cover plate of not less than two (2) inches, nominal, in thickness, secured to the underside of the members. Splice plates shall be of no less than 3 inches, nominal, in thickness. Wlien protected by approved automatic sprinklers under the roof deck, framing members shall be not less than 3 inches, nominal, in width.

NOTE (5) Where a horizontal separation of 20 feet o r more i s provided, wood columns, arches, beams and roof decks, eon- forming to heavy timber sizes may be used externally.

TABLE GOl.5 - FIIIE PROTECTIVE REQUlltE>lES'CS- . . - -- . - T I 1 - \ Y l \ I R l (Cnntitnt#rd)

................................ PROTECTION OF WALT, OPENINGS Seoliol, 70:1 .......................................................................... FIRESTOPPING Section 705

............................................ STAIRWAY CONSTRUCTION S e n 1115 .................................................. ROOF COVERINGS Sections 301 and '706

RCGIJLATIONS GO\'ERSING EXTElIIOll -- USE O F CO>IBI.STIRl.E . . -. .. - ~ l ~ \ T l ? l ~ l , \ l . S : -

a. Gutters and Leaders .............................. Section 711

.................................... b. Dormer Windows S e c t 709 ................ . c. Towers, Spires and Cul?olas Section 712

........................................ d. Cooling Towers Section 714

.......................................................... e. Tanks S c c i o 713 ...................... ....................... f. Skylights 1 Section 707

a. In Group H, Special Hazardous Occupancies, only non-conibustible finishes shall be used.

b. Fo r Group E, Assembly Occupancies, see Section 512.3.

c. Fo r other occupancies, see Section 704

SECTION 604.6 -STRUCTURAL AND ENGINEERING REQUIREMENTS:

...................... a. Minimum Design Loads Cliapter XI1

h. Foundations

........................................ g. Aluminum C 1 1 t e r SXVII l

11. Latliing, Plastcritig and ........................ Gypsum Wallboard C l 1 : ~ L r SVII'I

.................................. i. Stair Const~uction Section 1115 ................ j. Elevators and Escalators Chapter SXIV

........ k. Safeguards During Construction Cllal~ter X S I

SECTION 605 - TYPE IV - NON-COMBUSTIBLE CONSTRUCTION

605.1 - GENI~:l<AJ,

Type 1V-Non-Combustible Construction, is that i n which all structural members, including wall framing, floors, roofs and their supports, shall be of steel, iron or other metal, or of other non-combustible materials, and i n which the exterior surface of the building is of steel, iron or other metal, or of asbestos, masonry, reinforced concrete, or other non-combustible materials, and tha t a re fire-protected only where specified in this Section.

605.2 -FIRE> DISTRICT - SECTION 301 605.3 -ALLOWABLE HEIGHT - SECTIONS 404 to 411, inclusive

605.4- AI,I.OWARI,E AREA - SECTIONS 404 to 411, inclusive

6035 - IZIILE-I'IlO'PJZCl'IVE 1:EQL'IItEIIESTS - TYI'E IV - . - -- - . . . . . . . --

sOS.ConlUUs'rIL(I.I:

TARLIG 605.5 - FIIIE-PROTECTIVE REQUIREMENTS- .. . , . 1 1 1 I<. IV - NOR'-COMBUSTIBLE

Required STRUCTURAL Fire

MEMBERS Resistance

Exterior Walls 2 " ~ (See Section 608.3)

WALLS Par ty Walls Fire Walls

Par ty and fire walls shall extend not less than three (3) feet above the roof, except t ha t f i re walls need not extend above the roof where the roof is of non- combustible const~xction of the area within forty (40) feet of each side of the wall.

FIRE DISTRICT Buildings more than one story or more than 2000 sq. f t . in area.

4 4

One story buildings not exceeding 2000 sq. ft . in area.

Walls facing and within 15 feet of common property or interior lot lines.

.- I N.C. /Other walls. --

6 - 14

TABLE 605.: - I?IltE-PIlOTECTIVE REQUIItE>IENTS - TYPE I\. - K o s . c o i 7 f n ~ ~ s r l l ~ r . l ~ (C<,,,li,,,!,.,l~

TRUSSES

GIRDERS

BEAMS - Supporting Masonry


Exterior Walls

(See Section 608.3)

Inner Court Walls Penthouse Walls

'PARTITIONS - Interior Bearing Interior Non-Bearing

COLUMNS

Supporting Masonr j o r Bearing Walls


Other Columns

I***

N.C.*

N.C.

N.C.* N.C.

-

N.C.* Sec. 702.2

2**

N.C.

N.C.*

Other Trusses

Other Girders

Other Beams

- ~.. . -

OUTSIDE O F FIIIl3 DISTRICT

Walls facing and within 8 feet of C0mnlon property or interior lot lines.

Other \vnlls.

Except as prescribecl above and ekcept where fire protection is required by footnote* all exterior walls may be of unprotected non I combustible construction.

Same a s Exterior Walls.

For fire-resistance reqoiren\ents see Footnote* Enclosul-e for vertical openings -Sect. 701. Buildings with mixed occupancies - Sect. 412. -All other partitions - Sect. 702.

G-16

N.C.*

N.C.*

N.C.$ -

REGUL'ATIONS GOVERNING INTERIOR USE O F CO%IBUSTIBLT~ ...................... n ~ , i ~ v ~ c ~ ~ ~ , \ ~ , s :

.. .................. ............ FLOORS -. -......

Dccli Constrnction ments, see Footnote." -

- ; N.C.

- ROOFS

Deck Construction

High nho\.c Floor N.C. ....................... ......................

ABBREVIATIONS: "N.C." means Non-Combustible.

NOTE: *In buildings over two (2) stories in height, (unless sprinklered) all \valls. uartitions. iloors, roois and their sunnort. ing s t ; . ~ ~ ~ t u r : ~ l ~ni;,ibers shall not lcss than O I ; ~ (1) hour fire-resistance within the building except that roofs of such buildings, need not be protected.

In every Group D (Institutional) building; and in Group C (Schools) two or more stories in height; a t least one-hour interior fire-resistance shall be provided throughout the building.

**This reauirement auulies onlv to structural members suu- . . y o r t i ~ ~ f i n13so1)ry \v>IIs, except that This does not nyply in one (1) story bl~ildingj or \\,here the only masonry supported is a masonry veneer.

*""Fire-resistauce against outside fire exposure.

PROTECTION O F WALL OPENINGS ................................ Section 705

FIRESTOPPING .......................................................................... Section 705

STAIRWAY CONSTRUCTION ......................................... Section 1115

ROOF COVERINGS ............................................... Sections 301 and 706

ILECUl,ATlONS GOVEILNING ESTEILIOK USE OI? CODlBUSTIBLE -- MATERIALS:

a. Gutters and Leaders ection 711

b. Ilomier Windo~vs ection 709

c. To!vers, Spires and Cupolas ................ Section 712

6 - 16

a. In Group 13, Special Hazardous Occupancy, only non-eombostiblc rinishcs shall br usc<l.

b. Fo r Group E, Assembly Occ~~pancies, See Section 512.3.

c. For other occupancies, See .Section 704.

SECTION 605.6-STRUCTURAL AND ENGINEERING IWOUIRE~\~IGNTS: ,.'

................... a. Minimum Design Loads r Cha1)ter XI1

b. Foundations

f. Aluminum C h a l ~ t e XXVIII

g. Lathing, Plastering and .................... Gypsum Wallboard C h a p t e r X\'III

................................ h. Stair Constructioli Section 1115

................ i. Elevators and Escalators C h a l k XXIV

........ j. Safeguards During Construction Chapter XXI

SECTION 606 - TYPE V - ORDINARY CONSTRUCTION

606.1 - Gl3NEliA1,

Type V-Ordinary Construction-is tha t construction not meeting Llic rcqu~rclnents of Type 111, but in which the exterior walls a r e of masonry or reinforced concrete or of approved materials or assembly of materials tha t provide fire-resistance a s required in this Section, and in which the interior framing i s partially o r wholly of nnpro- tected wood, o r of unprotected iron o r steel, except tha t fire pmtec- tion shall be provided, as required by this Section.

606.2 - FI l lE DISTRICT - SECTION 301

606.3 -ALLOWABLE HEIGHTS - SECTIONS 404 to 411, inclusive

606.4 -ALLOWABLE AREA - SECTIONS 404 to 411, inclusive

606.5 -FIRE-PROTECTIVE REQUIREMENTS - TYPE V - ORDINARY

TABLE 606.5 -PIKE PROTECTIVE REQUIREMENTS - TYPE V - ORDINARY

Required STRUCTURAL 1 Fire

, MEMBERS Resistance

WAI.I,S P

Par ty Walls Fire Walls

Exterior Non-Bearing Walls (See Section 608.3)

(Hours)

Party, and fire walls shall extend not less than three (3) feet above the roof, except tha t fire walls need not extend above the roof where the roof is of non-combustible construction for the area within forty (40) feet of each side of the wall.

3 2

I N.c." 1 or buildings located outside the Fire District.***

For walls facing on a street or public place thirty (30) feet or more in width.***

2 2

T A B L ~ 606.5 -FIRE PROTECTIVE REQUIREbIENTS - TYPE V ORDTNARY (Ccmlinard)

For buildings located in the Fire District*"*.

PARTITIONS - The use of combustible con- Interior Bearing struction fo r interior bearing

partitions shall be limited to the support of not more than two (2) floors and a roof.

Interior Non-Bearing Enclosure for vertical openings-Sect. 701. Buildings with mixed occunancies-Sect. 412. All other partitions-Sect, 702.

I COLUMNS

Supporting Masonry or Bearing Walls

Supporting Roof onlv

0 t h ~ ; Columns I

*

- Supporting Masonry

o r Bearing Walls, Columns, Girders, Trusses

Supporting Roof

Shall be same rating a s required fo r the wall i t supports.

TRUSSES

2**

only Other Trusses Other Girders

Other Beams

ABBREVIATIONS: "N.C." means Non-Combiistible. NOTE (1) Buildings of Type V Construction over one story in height,

excent one and two family dwellings, floors located im-

FLOORS Deck Construction

ICOOFS I * medhtely above usable spaces in basements or cellars and above furnaces shall have one hour fire protection except where basement or cellar i s equipped with an approved automatic sprinkler system. *In buildings over two (2) stories in height, (unless

* * %

*

see Footnote fo r fire-resistance requirements. -

See Footnote for fire-resistance requirements. See Footnote for fire-resistance reouirements.

TABLE 606.5 -F IRE PROTECTIVE REQUIREI1IENTS - TYPE V ORDINARY (Continued)

sprinklered) all walls, partitions, floors and their supporting structural members shall provide not less than one (1) hour fire-resistance within the building and the ceiling underneath the roof shall be the same a s required fo r tlne floors.

In all Group D (Institutional) occupancies; and i n Group C (Schools) two or more stories in height; a t least one (1) hour interior fire-resistance shall be used throughout.

*"This requirement applies only to structural members supporting masonry walls except tha t this does not apply in one story buildings or where the only masonry supported is a masonry veneer.

***Exterior walls shall extend not less than eighteen (18) ' inclies above the roof, except tha t parapet walls necd not be constructed on buildings urhere the roof slopes more than foul. ( 4 ) inches vertical to twelve (12) inches horizontal from the back of tlne exterior wall of such buildings or w11el.e the exterior wall of sue11 building is located fifteen (15) feet o r more distance from the property line or is located on one alley or public way of fifteen feet or more in width.

PROTECTION O F WALL OPENINGS ................................ Section 703

FIRESTOPPING .......................................................................... Section 705

STAIRWAY CONSTRUCTION ........................................ Section 1115

ROOF COVERING ................................................... Scctioms 301 :und 706

REGULATIONS GOVERNING EXTERIOR USE O F COMBUSTIBLE

MATERIALS:

a. Gutters and Leaders ................................ Section 711

b. Dormer Windows .................................... Section 709

c. Towers, Spires, and Cupolas ................ Section 712

d. Cooling Towers ...................................... Section 714

e. Tanks ......................................................... Section 713

f. Skylights Section 707

6 - 2 0

IZEGULATIONS GOVERNING INTERIOR USE O F CO~IBUSTIBLE - 1lnTEl t IALS :

a. I n Group H, Special Hazardous Occupancy, only non-combustible finishes shall be used.

b. For Group E, Assembly Occul~ancies, See Section 512.3.

c. Fo r other occupancies, See Section 704

SECTION '606.6 -STRUCTURAL AND ENGINEERING REQUIREMENTS

........................ a. Mini~num Design Loads Chapter XI1

............................................ b. Foundations Chapter XI11

...................................................... C. Wood C a t e r XVII

.......................................................... d. Steel C h a r XV

e. Concrete ............................................ C h a p XVI

f . Masonry C h a ~ XIV

........................................ g. Aluminum C l a t XXVIII

h. Lathing, Plastering and ...................... Gypsum Wallboard Chapter SVII I

i. Stair Construction Section 1115

................. j. Elevators and Escalators Chapter XXIV

........ k. Safeguards During Construction Chapter XXI

SECTION 607 - TYPE VI - WOOD FRAME CONSTRUCTION

l~U7.1 - GI<NI<I<Al.

Type VI-Wood Frame Construction-is that in which the enclosing \\falls ; u c of \\rood o r other camhustihlc malerials, including construction having exterior masonry veneer, stucco, or metal, which is dependent upon wood for support, stability or rigidity, and in which interior framing is of xvood or other combustible materials.

607.2 -LOCATION OF PROPERT? - All exterior walls of Type VS-Wood Frame buildings located less

than three (3) feet from property lines shall provide not less than one hour fire-resistance protection.

607.3- BUILDINGS LOCATED ON THE SAME LOT

Where two or more buildings of Type VI construction are on the same lot, there shall be a clear space of not less than six (6) feet between the buildings unless one of the exposed walls has a t least one hour fire-resistance.

607.4 -FIRE DISTRICT

Type VI-Wood frame construction is prohibited in the Fire District except a s provided in Section 304.

607.5-ALLOWABLE HEIGHT - SECTIONS 404 to 411, inclusive

607.6 -ALLOWABLE AREA - SECTIONS 404 to 411, inclusive

607.7 -FIRE PROTECTIVE REQUIREMENTS - TYPE VI - WOOD IPILAME

'TABLE 607.7 - FIRE PRO'PECTIVE REQUIl<E~IESTS - TYPE VI - \VOOD 1:ItA31E

STRUCTURAL MEMBERS

WALLS Party Walls Fire Walls

Required Fire

Resistance (Hours)

4 4

GIRDERS BEAMS -

Supporting Masonry or Bearing Walls, Columns. Girders.

TABLE 607.7 - FIRE PROTECTIVE REQUIREMENTS - TYPE VT - WOOTI F R A M E (Contiaord)

Party and fire walls shall extend not less than three (3) feet above the roof, except that f i re walls need not extend above the mof where the roof is of non- combustible construction for the area within forty (40) feet of each side of the wall.

Trusses I

6 - 22

This requirement applies only to structural members supporting masonry walls except that this does not apply in one (1) story buildings o r where the only

- - Enclosure for vertical openings - Scet. 701. Buildings with mixed occupancies - Sect. 412. All other partitions-Sec. 703.

PAILTITIONS Interior

COLUMNS TRUSSES

I I mason?^ sur>r~orted is a masonry

set, 702.2

. . . I I veneer. FIRESTOPPING .......................................................................... Section 705

................................................................ PRIVATE GARAGES Section 506 ROOF COVERING ections 301 and 706

SECTION 607.8 - REQUIREMENTS

a. Wood ...................................................... Chapter XVII b. Minimum Design Loads ........................ Chapter XI1 c. Foundations hapter XI11 d. Concrete hapter XVI e. Masonry hapter XIV

........................................ f. Aluminum Chapter XXVIII g. Lathing, Plastering and

Gypsum Wallboard .................... Chapter XVIII ........ h. Safeguards During Construction Chapter XXI

SECTION 608 - EXCEPTIONS TO FIRE PROTECTION

608.1 -ELEVATOR FRAMES Structural members of frames for elevators will not be required

to have the fire protection required for structural steel, provided such members are erected within an enclosure of the prescribed fire-resistance rating. Section 701-Enclosure of Vertical Openings.

608.2 -LINTELS Lintels over openings in walls shall be protected to provide a

fire-resistance rating a t least equal to that required for beams, except that when such lintels are used over openings less than four (4) feet wide, such protection may he omitted. The outer member of a n as-

6 - 2 3

sen~bled steel lintel, which supports face masonry that is securely bonded lo backing need no1 be proteclctl, provided that the load car- rying member of such lintel is protected a s herein required.

608.3 -NON-COMBUSTIBLE EXTERIOR WALLS OR PANELS

Non-combustible walls o r panels may be permitted in exterior non-bearing walls under the following conditions:

(1) Provided such walls a r e of non-combustible material.

(2) Provided such walls face a street or permanent open space of 30 feet or more in width.

(3) Provided that in buildings over two stories in height, exterior openings located in a story above a Group D, Institutional; Group F, Storage; Group G, Industrial; Group H, Hazardous Occupancy are separated from such a n occupancy by a 2- hour fire-resistive wall construction not less than 3 feet in height.

608.4- WOOD VENEERS ON EXTERIOR WALL PANELS

Wood veneers of not less than one (1) inch nominal thickness or three-eighths ( % ) inch exterior type plywood or particleboard may be used on exterior walls under the following conditions:

(1) The wall to which the veneer is attached faces a street or permanent open space of thirty (30) feet or more in width.

(2) The veneer does not exceed two stories in height, measured from grade. .

( 3 ) The veneer is attached to or furred from a non-combustible backing of the fire resistance required by other provisions of this Chapter.

(4) Where open or spaced wood veneers are used, they shall not project more than twenty-four (24) inchcs from thc building wall.

Whcrc the wood veneer is lurred from thc wall and lorms a solid surface, the distance between the back of the veneer and the wall shall not exceed one and five-eighths (I5%) inches and the space thereby created shall be iirestopped in accordance with Section 1703 and arranged so that there will be no open space exceeding one hundred (100) sq. f t . Where wood furring strips are used, they shall be of approved wood of natural decay-resistance or pressure treated wood.

SECTION 609 - MIXED TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION

609.1

When two or more types of construction not separated by fire walls occur in the same building not classified a s a mixed occupancy,

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the entire building shall then be subject to the occupancy rest~ictions ' or thc le:tst fire ~.csistivc Lypc of constl.ilcion usrd in Lhc h~:ilAln~.

Where a building is constructed of more than one type of construction, the following limitations shall be obse~ved:

TYPE I construction shall not be supported by any other type

TYPE I1 construction shall not be supported by construction other than Type I o r Type 11.

TYPE 111 construction shall not be supported by construction other than Type I, Type I1 or Type 111.

TYPE IV construction shall not be supported by Type V, or Type VI.

TYPE V construction shall not be supported by Type VI.

SECTION 610 - BUILDINGS LOCATED ON THE SAME LOT

Where the exterior wallr; of two o r more buildings located on the same lot face one another, and one of the walls is not constructed a s required for a f ire wall, a common-property line shall be assumed between them. The fire-resistance requirements for such facing walls and for the protection of openings therein shall be the same a s required by this code for walls and openings facing common-property lines, except a s othe~wise prescribed in Section 607.3 for buildings of Type VI - Wood Frame Construction.

CHAPTER VII

FIRE PROTECTION REQUIREMENTS

SECTION 701

PROTECTION OF VERTICAL OPENINGS, STAIRS AND ELEVATORS

701.1 -GENERAL IIEQUIIIE.\IISSTS 1:OIL ENCLOSLIIE 01: VERTICAL OPEKINGS OIL SHAFTS

(a) Every series of openings in floors or roofs, except one and two iamily dwellings, shall be enclosed to prevent spread of fire from story to story, a s herein specified, unless otherwise specifically provided in this code.

,, (b) In buildings more than two (2) stories in height, other than j one and two family dwellings, all vertical shafts extending through

more than one story shall be enclosed in all stories with partitions of not less than 2-hour fire-resistive construction, unless otherwise prescribed in Sections 701.2, 701.3 and 701.4. In Group A, Residential buildings not over three (3) stories in height, such partitions shall provide a t least 1-hour fire resistance. A shaft that does not extend through the roof shall have its top enclosed with construction having fire-resistance a t least equal to that of the enclosing walls.

(c) For bearing partition requirements see types of construction, Chapter VI.

(d) Parapet walls a t least thirty-six (36) inches in height above the roof shall be provided around all open shaft enclosures that extend through a roof except that where the roof is of non-combustible construction a handrail a t least thirty (30) inches high may be used around openings instead of a wall.

(e) All shaftway enclosures extending above the roof of a building, except those open a t the top, shall have a skylight with metal frame glazed with plain glass and with protective wire mesh screen below, conforming with Section 707; such skylight shall have an area equal to a t least seventy five (75) per cent of the area of the shaftway a t the top story, or other equivalent ventilation shall be provided. A window of plain glass of equivalent area, located in the side of the shaft may be used instead of a skylight provided it has i t s sill not less than two (2) feet above the roof and does not face a property line within ten (10) feet.

( f ) In every building where the enclosing walls or shafts are open to the outer a i r a t the top, they shall be constructed to provide fire resistance equivalent to that specified in Chapter VI, for the inner court walls of such a building.

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(g) Openings in all shaft enclosures shall be limited to those ~~lra<,lulc:ly t>t!~:,!ss:~l.y T ~ I . t l ~ ~ , ~ ~ ~ . l , ~ s c ~ n o l the s11:tTt and shnll hr pvo- tected with approved fire doors, fire shutters, or f i re windows (scc Section 703.6).

701.2 -STAIRWAY AND EXIT ENCLOSURES Refer to Chapter X I for requirements of stairway and exit en-

closures.

701.3 -ELEVATOR ENCLOSURES (a) The number of elevators to be placed in olie shaft enclosure

shall be a s specified in Paragraph 100.ld of "Anlerican Safety Code for' Elevators, Dumbwaiters, Escalators and Moving Walks, USAS1 A17.1-1965." Such shaft enclosure shall have at least 2-hour fire resistance, except tha t in residential buildings of Group A, or any Group B building, not over three (3) stories in height, enclosures may be of construction having 1-hour fire resistance.

(b) In shaftways containing only one elevator, there shall be a t least one (1) door in every 36 feet of height. All openings shall be protected as required in Section 703.6.

(c) Elevators counted a s exits shall not be in a common enclosing shaft with a stailway, and the path of travel from one flight of stairs to the nes t shall not pass directly in front of elevator doors.

(d) ' ~ n elevator shaft that does not extend to the bottom of a Iruilding shall be enclosed a t i ts lower point to provide fire-resistance of not less than that required for the lowest floor through which the elevator passes, but in no case less than i s required for Type I1 construction.

(e) Partitions between fire resistive hoistways and machine robms having fire resistive enclosures and which are located a t a side or beneath the hoistway, may be of unpelforated non-combustible, a t least equal to, #16 U.S. gauge sheet steel in strength and stiffness with openings therein essential for ropes, drums, sheaves and other elevator equipment.

Where machine room is placed over the hoistway a t the tap, floor over the hoistway shall be non-combustible in accordance with "American Standard Safety Code for Elevators, Dumbwaiters, Esca- lators and Moving Walks, USASI A17.1-1965, Section 100.3."

701.4-ESCALATOR ENCLOSURES Protection of floor openings shall be as required by "American

Safety Code for Elevators, Dumbwaiters, Escalators and Moving Walks, USASI A17.1-1965, Section 800, Rules 800.1, 800.2 and 800.3."

SECTION 702 - PARTITIONS

702.1- GENERAL ( a ) This section shall apply to partition requirements fo r the

various occupancies and types of construction.

(b) All partitions required to have a fire resistance rating shall c ! s L < ? ~ $ d TI.u!~~ 111,: 1111) #lr LItc: 11<w1- I~(:ltnv LII Lll,? v c ! i l i l l ~ : ~ ~ > O Y I : : I I I I I s11:tII he sccurcly attnchetl thereto. Whcre said ceiling i s not :L part oC nn as- '

sembly having a fire resistance rating a t least cqual to tliat required Tar the partition, the partition shall bc constructc~l tight against the floox deck above. Where said fire resistant partitions surround vertical shafts, stairways and exitways and are otlset a t inter~nediate lloors, the offset and floor construction shall be of construction having a fire resistance of not less than that required for the enclosing partitions.

(c) Where a greater degree of,fire resistance is required by other' Sections of this Code, the provisions of Section 702.2 and 702~3 shall not apply.

(d) Masonry partitions shall conform to the provjsions of Chap- te r XIV.

(e) Plaster and wallboard partitions shall confofm to the provisions of ChHpter XVIII.

( f ) Wood frame partitions shall conform to the provisions of o Chapter XVII. i (g ) For fire resistance rating of partitions, see Chapter X and

Appendix B.

702.2 -PARTITION REQUIREMENTS BY TYPE OF CONSTItUCTION

All non-bearing partitions shall conform to these requirements, except as specified elsewhere in this Code. See interior finish requirements of Section 704.

TYPE I-FIREPROOF-Partitio~is shall be of non-combustible material and of not less than one-hour rire-resistant construction.

TYPE 11-FIRE-RESISTIVE-Partitions shall be of non-combustible material or fire retardant treated wood assembly of 1-hour fire resistant constn~ction.

TYPE 111-HEAVY TIMBER-IJartitions shall be of one-hour fire-resistant construction or may bc oC uSood construction formed of two (2) layers of one (1) inch nominal matched boards, or 01 solid wood laminated construction not less than three and five-eighths (3%) inches thick.

TYPE IV-NON-COMBUSTIBLE, and

TYPE V-ORDINARY-In buildings over two (2) stories in height, unless sprinklered, all permanent partitions shall be of not less than one-hour fire-resistant construction.

702.3 - PAILTITION REQUIREMENTS BY OCCUPANCY

GROUP A-RESIDENTIAL-All partitions, except one and two family dwellings, along public hallways or partitions tha t separate apartments, or tha t separate apartments from other occupancies, shall be of not less than one-hour fire-resistant

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construction. Non fire rated partitions may be permitted \ s , i l l t i ! l i ~ > c l i v i c l u n l i l \ \ , c , l l i l t g tt!bils.

GROUP B-BUSINESS BUILDINGS-In buildings more than one-story in height, partitions along public hallways shall be of one-hour fire resistant construction. Regardless of Type of Construction, temporary non-fire resistant partitions may be constructed. All such non-fire resistant partitions shall be used only within rooms or spaces not exceeding three thon- sand (3,000) square feet; provided such room or space be enclosed within partitions having not less than one-hour fire- resistance. The area occupied by each tenant shall be separated from adjacent tenants by a partition of not less than one-hour fire-resistant construction. (See Section 412 for mixed occupancy and separation requirements.)

GROUP CSCHOOLS-Partitions in buildings over one-story in height shall be of not less than one-hour fire-resistant construction.

GROUP D-INSTITUTIONAL-All partitions shall be of not less than one-hour fire-resistant construction.

GROUP E-THEATERS AND PUBLIC ASSEMBLY-See Sec- tion 512.4 and Section 1106 for partition requirements.

GROUP F-STORAGE,

GROUP G-INDUSTRIAL, and

GROUP H-SPECIAL OCCUPANCIES-Partitions in Group F and Group G buildings over three (3) stories, and all partitions in Group H buildings shall be of not less than one- hour fire-resistant construction, except where greater fire- resistance i s required by this Code. Combustible partitions may be used within accessory offices and rooms necessary for transacting the principal business of such occupancies provided that such rooms are used for non-hazardous purposes.

SECTION 703'- PROTECTION OF WALL OPENINGS

703.1 (a) - WHERE PROTECTION IS REQUIRED

For the purpose of this section, when a building i s divided by f ire walls into two or more sections, each section shall be regarded a s a separate building.

Every building (except one and two family dwellings which are less than three (3) stories in height, churches, buildings of Type VI, Wood Frame construction, and public parking decks a s defined in Section 501.2), shall have approved fire windows, fire doors or other approved protectives, in every opening in the exterior walls under the following conditions:

1. In buildings three stories or more in height where the opening i s fiftrrn fc r t ov less from n rommon irvoperty line. Tn buil<lin~.s less Ll>a~! L I I Y ~ : ~ sLurics i n I~cigIkL, 1>ruLccli<,11 sltz~ll l>c rcquirwl 8,8nly %$,IWY<: the opening is eight feet or less from a common property line.

2. In buildings where such opening is above and less than fifteen . (15) feet distance from any part of a neighboring roof.

Exceptions: Such protection shall not be required for show windows facing on a street or public place which do not extend above the second full story above grade nor shall such protection be required when the opening to be protected and the opening against which i t is to be protected a re facing in the same direction being located in walls in the same or parallel lines. All required opening protection shall be of approved type a s defined elsewhere in this section.

103.1 (b) -EXTERIOR WALLS WITHOUT ACCESS OPENINGS Automatic sprinklers shall be installed throughout buildings which

do not have suitable access to each story above the basement on a t least one accessible side of the building up to eighty-five feet in height. Suitable access shall be openings for f i re department use

i through the wall a t each story a t least 32 inches wide, 48 inches high and with the sill not more than 32 inches above the floor; the openings shall be so spaced that there will be one opel~ing in each 50 feet of exterior wall on an accessible side of the building, except tha t buildings equipped with automatic sprinkler equipment shall have access panels a s set forth above for each 200 feet of wall.

703.2-AI'PROVED TYPES 01' ITIRE WINDOWS, FIRE DOORS, AND FIRE SHUTTERS

(a) Requirements Wall openings required to be protected by Section 703.1 (a ) ,

103.3 and 703.4, shall be protected by f ire doors, windo\vs and shutters and their accompanying hardware in accordance with the requirements of NFPA standard for the installation of "Fire Doors and Windows, NFPA 80-1968," except as otherwise specified in this Code.

(b) Classification and Protection of Wall Openings Openings shall be classified as A, B, C, D, E and F in accordance

with the character and location of the wall in which they are located. In each of the following classes, the minimum fire protection ratings are shown:

Fire Protection ratings for products meeting the requirements of this section shall be as determined and reported by a national recognized testing agency in accordance with "Standard Methods of Fire

I Tests of Door Assemblies, NFPA 252-58;" UL 10(G); ASTM E 152-66; and USASI A 2.2. All such products shall bear the label or idenlifica- tion of an approved testing agency showing the classification.

Class A openings a re in walls separating buildings or dividing a single building into fire areas. Doors for the protection of these

openings shall have a fire protection rating .of 3 hours. These doors shall be without glazing.

q t t s s 11 u1>c!ai!1gs arc i$t ~ ! ~ c l u s ~ ~ ~ c ~ U C $wrlicttl cu~>b~t!tt!ti<!;tLi~>~> through b~~i ld ings (stairs, elevators, etc.). Doors for thc p1:otcction of these openings shall have a fire protection rating of a t least 1 hour. Doors used in stairway enclosures in buildings four (4) or more stories in height shall havc a l i re protection rating of 1'h hours and shall have a maximum transmitted temperature end point of 480 degrees V. a t the end oC 30 minutes or iire exposure.

Class C openings are in corridor and room partitions. Doors for the protection of these openings shall have a fire protection rating of % hour, and shall have not more than 1296 square inches of K inch wired glass. (See Section 703.4(d).)

Class D openings are in exterior walls which are subject to severe fire exposure from outside of the building. Doors and shutters for the protection of these openings shall have a fire protection rating of 1% hours. These doors and shutters shall be without glazing.

Class E and F openings are in exterior walls which are subject to moderate or light fire exposure respectively from outside the building. Doors, shutters or windows (Sections 13, 14, and 15-NFPA SO-19GS) for the protection of these openings shall have a fire protection rating of % hour.

703.3 -VERTICAL SEPARATION OF OPENINGS

~ x t e i i o r openings in a building, that a r e located vertically above one another and which are not protected by approved types of f ire windows or fire doors shall have a space of not less than three (3) Ft. between the top of one opening and the bottom of the next above, or such openings above the lowest shall be protected against f i re by an approved protective device. Such wall space shall be constructed of materials having fire-resistance meeting the requirements for the exterior walls of the type of coustruction used for such building, a s prescribed in Chapter VI of this code.

703.4-PROTECTION OF DOOR OPENINGS IN WALLS AND PARTITIONS

(a) Wherever protection of door openings is required by this code and in all walls and partitions which are required to have 2- hour or more fire-resistance, door openings shall be protected with approved fire doors meeting the requirements of Section 703.2. In addition, wherever deemed necessary by the Building Official, approved fire doors may be required for the protection of exits or of adjoining property.

(b) In khour and 3-hour fire-resistive walls o r partitions, no opening shall exceed one hundred twenty (120) Sq. Ft. in area with no dimension greater than twelve (12) Ft., and the aggregate width of all openings a t any level shall not exceed twenty-five percent of the length of such wall or partition.

Every door opening in such wall or l~artition shall he an approved nulomatic Fire doov; p~ovi<lrd that whm such wall m. ~,el.titirin scrves itlnt, ;t:i i t iu>~.ixt>t~Litl cxiL, il i i l ~ n l l IIIIVI. 1 a $ > C I [ ) ~ . ~ ~ ~ E L F . : $ I>IIII.~. 1111111 m x i l . ~loovs. Such ho~.ixontal exit doors may l,e self-closing. : ~ n d so maintained or shall be automatic closing when activated by a device which will operate upon the detection of invisible pmtlucts of combustion gcneratcd by a fire or when smolie from that iire reduces the in- tensity of a one foot long beam of white light by 4%,. All such automatic door closing eqt~il~mcnt shall O D C ~ L C 011 thc Pail safe pl.incil>le.

(c) In 2-hour fire-resistive walls o r partitions, no single door opening shall exceed one hundred eighty (180) Sq. Ft. in area. The aggregate width of all openings in such walls or partitions a t any level shall not exceed that permitted for three-hour walls.

Every door opening shall be protected with an approved automatic o r self-closing fire door, provided that when such wall serves also a s a horizontal exit, doors shall be maintained self-closing or shall be made automatic closing in a method as described in Section 703.4(b).

(d) In l-houk fire-resistive walls or partitions, unless otherwise ' specified, all door openings shall be protected with approved metal or metal covered doors or wooden doors of the solid core flush type of nominal thickness of a t least one and three quarters (1%) inch in all parts.

(e) See Sectioli 703.2 for fire-resistance requirements of f ire doors.

(f) When proof satisfactory to the Building Official is foruished that a larger size of opening than prescribed herein is necessary, the area may be increased if such opening is provided with protective devices tha t meet the approval of the Building Official.

703.5 -EIRE SHUTTERS (a) When equipped with f ire shutters of the swinging type, a t

least one in every three openings facing a street in each story shall have such shutters arranged to be readily opened from the outside. Distinguishing marks shall be provided on these shutters.

(b) Fire shutters of the rolling type shall be carefi~lly countkr- balanced and so arranged tha t they can be readily opened from the outside.

703.6 -OPENINGS I N STAIRWAYS OIL SHAFTWAYS Shaft walls or enclosures of vertical openings shall have uo open-

ings other than such a s are necessary for the purpose of the shaftway; all openings in shafts shall be protected with approved fire doors, approved fire shutters or approved f ire windows.

703.7 -OPENINGS IN MIXED OCCUPANCY SEPARATIONS See Section 703.4 for requirements governing door openings in

walls and partitions required to be of fire-resistive constiuction.

SECTION 7 0 4 - RESTRICTIONS ON INTERIOR USE OF such finish does not exceed 0.025 of an inch in thickness, and is COMBUSTIBLE MATERIALS applied directly to a non-combustible base.

704.1 - GENEILAL *Vor inlerior finish and deco~.ation lor G1.aup E, Assembly

Occunancv. see Section 512.3. Combustible materials may be used for ceilings, floor finish or

other interior finish of buildings a s provided in this Section. Show windows in the first story of buildings may be of wood or of unprotected mi ta l framing.

704.2 - FLOOR FINISH

(a ) In buildings of Type I-Fireproof Construction, or Type II- Fire-Resistive Construction, floor finish, if of combustible material, shall be applied directly upon the floor construction, except that a floor finish of wood, linoleum, rubber, tile or cork may be secured to a sub-floor of wood. Where wood sleepers are used for laying wood floors or sub-floors in such buildings, they shall be firestopped so that there will be no open space extending under any permanent partition. Where wood sleepers are used and the space between the floor slab and the underside of the floor or subfloor is more than 2% inches, such space shall be filled with non-combustible material so that such space is not more than 2% inches.

' (b) Combustible insulating boards may be used for sound deaden-

ing, or insulating of floors, except that in buildings required to be of Type I-Fireproof Construction or of Type II-Fire-Resistive Con- struction, such insulating board shall not be more than one-half (%) inch thick and cemented directly to the floor slab o r secured to wood sleepers f ire stopped as called for above and covered with approved finish flooring.

704.3 -CEILINGS AND INTERIOR WALL FINISH*

I n every building except one and two family dwellings, and sprinklered buildings, flame spread ratings for walls and ceilings using "Methods of Test for Surface Burning Characteristics of Build- ing Materials, ASTM E84-68," shall not exceed the following:

(1) For vertical enclosures in buildings more than three stories in height, interior finish shall not have a flame spread rating higher than 75. F a r required horizontal enclosures, the interior finish shall not have a flame spread rating higher than 200, including grade lobbies in hotels and apartment buildings.

(2) For rooms or spaces in institutional buildings where occupants are restrained, interior finish shall not have a flame spread rating higher than 75. In other rooms or spaces in institutional buildings, the rating shall not exceed 200.

(3) For assembly, school, business, mercantile, apartment and hotel occupancies, interior finish shall not have a flame spread rating of over 200. The use of a surface finish of paper or of material of no greater fire hazard than paper shall not be prohibited provided

7-8

. ..

SECTION 7 0 5 - FIRESTOPPING

(a ) F i res toooin~ shall be nrovided in all malls and oartitions to cut off all concealed-draft openings both horizontal and bertical, and to form an effectual fire barrier between stories and between the upper story and the roof space.

(b) Walls, including masonry walls furled with combustible material, and stud partitions shall be effectively firestopped with non- combustible material a t floors, ceilings, and roofs, except in those parts of a building which are framed with wood, the firestopping may be of wood not less than two (2) inches in nominal thickness. See Section 1703.

(c) All openings around exposed pipes or pourer shafting shall be , filled with approved non-combustible material, or shall be closed off , by close-fitting metal caps a t the ceiling and floor line, and on each

side of a wall or partition.

(d) All openings for belts and conveyor$ shall be provided with approved slotted doors, or be otherwise closed off. Belts shall not pass through fire-walls.

(e) No firestopping shall be covered or concealed until inspected by the Building Official.

( f ) I n combustible roof construction, where ceilings or concealed spaces occur, such spaces shall be divided into horizontal areas of not more than three thousand (3,000) square feet (except one and two family dwellings) with tight partitions of non-combustible material or of approved wood construction consisting of one-half inch exterior plywood o r of not less than two thicknesses of one (1) inch nominal lumber with joints broken.

(g) All openings through these partitions shall be protected by self-closing doors of approved construction meeting the partition requirements.

(h) Except in 1 and 2-family dwellings, when stairs are of wood or of combustible construction, the space between stair stringers shall be firestopped at top and bottom and a t least once in the middle of each run, and firestopping shall also be provided between studs, along and in line with run of stair adjoining such partition.

( i ) Floors and roof constructed of combustible materials shall be firestopped a t walls and partitions where openings occur. When wood joists run parallel to a wall, ;he space between the wall and the nearest joist shall be not less than two and one-half (2%) inches and shall be solidly filled with nori-combustible material.

( j ) Joists in all types of construction shall be firestopped a t the ends and o \ r ~ ~ . sui)lm~.ts fov thc fnll dcpth o f the joists.

(10 Sl>;iccs betwcen chimneys and wood irnming shall he solidly rircslol)]~c(l with rnorlal., concrclc, or u l l~c r non-conil~ustil~lc ~ntltcrinl. <!zerl,t :IS ~".o\.i~lrcl for i n Soetion 1102 - Cl~imncys. (Sec Sr.etion 1703.)

(I) In kirestopping, any of the following materials may be used: brick, concrete, gypsum, steel, iron, asbestos, metal lath and cement or gypsum plaster, mineral wool, rock wool, or other approved non- combustible materials, securely fastened in place to cut off drafts and provide an effective fire stop.

SECTION 706 - ROOF COVERINGS

706.1 -GENERAL

Roof coverings shall be divided into the classes defined below, whose use within the Fire District shall be governed by the requirements of Sec. 301.3(d).

706.2 -CLASS 1 11001~ COVERINGS*

Class I Roof Coverings shall include the following: Brick, Con- crete, Slate, Tile, Cormgated Asbestos Cement, Built-up 4 and 5-ply Felt with Pitch and Gravel or Pitch and Slag, and Built-up Asbestos Felt.

706.3 - CLASS 2 ROOF COVERINGS* Class 3 Roof Coverings shall include the following: corrugated

iron sheets, galvanized iron sheets, galvanized iron shi~lgles, sheet coppel; galvanized iron, asphalt asbestos fel t shingles, asphalt asbestos roll roofing, and asbestos cement shingles.

706.4 -CLASS 3 ROOF COVERINGS*

(a) Class 3 Roof Coverings shall include the following: asphalt rag-felt mineral surfaced individual or strlp shingles conforming to the standards for safety of the Undenvriters' Laboratories, Ine. for Class 'C' roofing, UL55B clated Aprd, 1962; asphalt rag-felt smooth surfaced roll roofing l a ~ d in single thickness with 2" or more end and side laps; and Alnmini~m ,019 inches in thickncss.

(b) Red Cedar or Redwood Shingles and Handsplit Shakes may be uscd :IS provided in Seetior 70(i.(i.

706.5 - 1lEQUIRERlENTS FOR llOOPS OUTSIDE ICIRE DISTllICT Roofs on buildings outside of the Fire District, as established in

Chapter 111, may have Class 1, Class 2, or Class 3 roof coverings, as specified herein. Wood shingles or Handsplit Shakes may be used as provided in this Section.

706.6 -WOOD SHINGLES Outsidc the Fire District, huildinlfs not exceet l in~ two stories in

I , , : ~ ~ I , L ,,,,,i IW,LC,I tlot IL.SS ~ l ~ : t t > r iw (r,) r~.~.!. r r , , , ~ ~ I . I W ~ > r < q ~ r i . y I i w rnay be roofed with aliproved-label No. 1 or No. 2 Wootl Shinlfles, or Handplit Shakes with a minirn~tn butt tllickness oC 'A incli,sccurcly Zastcned with rust resistant nails. Handsplit shakes shall bc applied with a 36 inch star ter strip of 30-lb. ~.oofing.felt a t the eaves, and with an 18 inch strip of same felt interlaid between each course from a point twice the exposure from the butt.

TAB1,GIVEATIIER ESPOSUllE AND IlOOF PITCII

Roof Pitch 3/12 4/12 5/12 & U p

16-inch No. 1 3%" 4%" 5 "

No. 2 3%" 4 " 4 "

Shingles 18-inch No. 1 4 % " 5 " 5'h" No. 2 4%" 4%'' 4%''

24-inch No. 1 5%" 6%" 7%" No. 2 5%" 6 " 6 "

' Handsplit 18-inch 7%" 7%" Shakes 24-inch 10 " 10 "

32-inch 13 " 13 "

106.7 -ROOF INSULATION The use of cork, fiberboard o r other approved insulation shall

be permitted in all types of const~uction provided i t is covered with approved roof coverings applied directly thereto.

*In xddition to those listed. any mof covering that is wuivillent to listinr: of Undcr~vritevs' Labot.ntat.ier. Ine. may bc neecntrnl.

SECTION 707 - SKYLIGHTS

( a ) Except in Type VI-Wood Frame Buildings, the sashes and frames of all skylights hereafter placed on a building shall be constructed of steel, wrought iron, o r other approved metal; erccpt tha t in foundries or buildings where acid fumes which attack those metals, a re present a s an incident to the occul~ancy of such buildings, such sashes and frames may be constructed of \\rood if approved specifically by the Building Official.

(b) Skylights shall be glazed with wired glass; except tha t skylights placed over shaftmay%, vent shafts, a ~ i d stair enclosures shall be

I glazed with plain glass not over one-eighth (1/8) inch in thickness. No single pane of wired glass shall exceed seven hundred twenty (720) Sq. In. in area, or forty-eight (48) inches i n any dimension. Sky- lights of approved plastics may be used where glass of %" thickness i s required.

(c) Every skylight in which plain glass is used shall be protected by a sobstantial wire screen, having a mesh not less than three- qua^.- tcr by three-quarter ( % x %) inch nor coarser than one by onc (1 s 1 ) ihch and made of wire not smaller than No. 12 l3. and S. gauge, located a t a distance not less than four (4) inches nor more than ten (10) inches above the glazed portion of such portion of such skylight a t all points, and extending beyond such glazed portion on all sides, a distance not less than the height of the screen above the glass. A similar screen shall be placed below such skylight in such position a s to serve a s a protection from falling glass.

(d) Skylights of approved plastics may be used in accordance with provisions of Chapter XXVI.

(e) The above provisions shall not apply to skylights used in o r a s the roofs of greenhouses.

SECTION 708 - MANSARD OR SLANTING ROOFS

Everv mansard or other slantine roof hadine a pitch of more than sixry degi.ees ( C O degrees) hcrcafte; placed on any building over fifty (50) feet in heighr, shall be of non-combustible construction providing not less than 1-hour fire resisrance, exccpt that when such building exceeds eighty (80) feet in height, such roofs shall be of construction providing not less than 1% hour f ire resistance.

SECTION 709 - DORMER WINDOWS

Dormer windows hereafter erected shall be of the same type of construction a s the roof on which they are placed, o r of the side walls of the building. The top and sides shall be covered with roofing materials conforming with the requirements governing the roofing of the building.

SECTION 710 - CORNICES, BALCONIES, BAY WINDOWS

( a ) All comiccs, including thosc on show windows, l~ereaftor placed on the exterior of buildings within the Fire District or on buildings over forty (40) feet in height located outside the Fire Dis- trict shall he of non-combustible materials. The exterior ol cornices on buildings forty (40) feet or less in height located outside of Fire District, except 1 and 2-family dwellings, and buildings of Type VI- Wood Frame construction, shall be of non-combustible material, or shall be covered with non-combustible material, when located within five (5) feet of lot line or of another building.

(b) Continuous exterior coinices of wood, o r on wood frames, shall be firestopped a t intervals not exceeding twenty (20) feet.

(c) Balconies not used a s required exits, and bay windows, shall conform to the type of construction required for the building to

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which they are attached, except Chat on buildings more than 3 stories in height all estcrior balconies nttachcd to, o r soppo~tcd by, walls of material other than wootl. shall have brackets or benms of steel, col~c~.cte, o r olher no~~coml~ustiblc matol.ial.

SECTION 71 1 - GUTTERS AND LEADERS

Gutters and leaders hereafter nlaced on buildines other than 1 or 2-family dwellings, private garage's, or buildings o? Type VI-Wood Frame construction, shall be of non-combiistible material.

(See section 140G for Parapet Wall relief opening requirements.)

SECTION 712 - TOWERS, SPIRES, CUPOLAS, AERIAL SUPPORTS, POLES, ETC.

( a ) Any tower, spire, dome or cupola shall be of a type of con- str i~ctionnot less in fire-resistance rating than required for the build-

< ing to which i t is attached except that any such tower, spire, aome , or cupola which exceeds sixty (60) feet in height above grade, and

all construction upon which i t is supported, shall be of Type I-Fire- proof; or Type 11-Fire Resistive construction when the area a t any horizontal section of such tower, spire, dome, or cupola exceeds two hundred (200) Sq. Ft. or when i t is used for any purpose other than a belfry or an architectural embellishment.

(b) Any tower, spire, dome or cupola which exceeds twenty-five (25) feet in height above the highest point a t which i t comes in contact with the roof or which exceeds two hundred (200) Sq. Ft . in area a t any horizontal section or which is intended to be used for any purpose other than a belfry or architectural en~bellishinent, slinll he entirely constructed of and supported by non-combustible materials. Such structures shall be separated from the building below by construction having a fire-resistance rating of not less than 1% hours and, if access doors are provided, they shall be of approved fire- resistive type.

(c) All structures, except aerial supports not over twelve (12) feet high, flag poles, water tanks and cooling towers, hereafter placed above the roof of any building .xithin the Fire District, or above the roof of any building more than fifty (50) feet in height, wliercver located, shall be of non-combustible material, and shall be supported by construction of non-comhustihle material.

SECTION 713 -TANKS

(a) Tanks of more than five hundred (500) gallons capacity hereafter placed in or on a building shall be supported on masonry, reinforced concrete 01. steel construction, except that portion of the

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supporting structure which is above the roof of the building may be of lienvy timbers; provided t ha t when such construction is within l . l ~ ! l~t!iI<li!!l: i t . ::l>:tIl I b t : :I:, va!qui~xxI lor ' l ' y ~ ~ ; 'I' . . 'lt'it't! 1'1wtr Cut!. struction.

(h) Such imllcs shall have in the bottom or on the side near the bottom, a pipe or outlet, fitted with a suitable quick opening valve for discharging the contents in an emergency through a n adequate drain.

(c) Such tanks shall not be placed over nor near a line of stairs or an elevator shaft, unless there is a solid roof o r floor underneath the tank.

((I) All unenclosed roof tanks shall have covers sloping toward the outer edges.

(e) When hoops a r e used in the construction of tanks, they shall be of metal, and provision shall be made to guard against corrosion.

SECTION 714 - COOLING TOWERS

Cooling towers in excess of 250 Sq. Ft. i n base area or in excess of 15 Ft. in height, when located on buildings more than 50 Ft. in height in or out o l the Fire District, shall be of non-combustible construction; except that drip boards may be of wood not less than one (1) inch nominal thickness and the enclosing frame work may be of wood, if covered on the exterior of the tower with non-com- hustible material. Cooling towers shall not exceed one-third of the supporting roof area.

SECTION 7 1 5 - DRYING ROOMS

(a ) Drying rooms or dry kilns located within a building shall be constructed entirely of non-combustible materials where used or in- telded to be used a t temperatures exceeding one hundred twenty five degrees (125 degrees) fahrenheit; if enclosure i s of metal, it shall be insulated Irom all combustible material by not less than a twelve (12) inch air space, one-quarter ('h) inch asbestos or other approved insulation.

(b) All drying rooms shall have approved ventilation.

(c) Heating pipes, not located overhead, shall be shielded to maintain not less than two (2) inch clearance between them and the contents.

CHAPTER Vlll

CHIMNEYS, FIREPLACES AND HEATING EQUIPMENT

SECTION 801 - GENERAL

801.1 -DEFINITIONS AUXILIARY IIQUIl'>IENT-Auxiliary eqnlpn8rnt 1 : I l lnlcall

thut cquipnlcnr used i n ~.unncctian \%,tth co~.,b~lstion eqllil>n~er>t such 3s stokers, bur~:cl.s, draft rcguln to~.~ , atc.

BARBECUE-A portable or stationary open hearth or brazier used fbr cooking. I t may be of a ,type in 11.hich fuel is burntyl, or i t may be one provided with electric elements.

CENTRAL HEATING BOILERS AND FURNBCES-Heating furnaces and boilers shall include warm air 'furnaces, floor mounted direct-fired onit he:~ters, hot \r,ntcr boiIcl,s, nncl stv:tin boilers oljcrnt- ing a t not in excess of 15 pounds gauge pressure, uscd lor heating o l buildings a r structures.

Mechanical warin air furnaces are here defined as ~va rm air furnaces which are equipped with a fan to circulate the air.

Devices referred to as "such that llame Iron, gases do not come in conlact with t11c base" includc convcnlional tylrc 11c;lting I'ill.naccs and boilers having an ash pit or similar space beneath the burning fuel (whether solid, liquid or gas) and like devices in \\.hiell the base is not directly exposetl to flame or protlucts of combt~stion.

CHIMNEI--One or more passageways, vertical or nearly so, for conveying flue gases to the outside atmosphere.

CHIMNEY,' FACTORY-BUILT-Is n listed cl~imney.

CHIMNEY, MASONRY-Is a chimney of solid masonry units, bricks, stones, listed hollow unit masonry units or reinforced concrete.

CHIMNEY, METAL-Is a chimney constructerl of n~etal .

CHIMNEY CLASSIFICATIONS: - CHIMNEY, RESIDENTIAL API'LIANCE TYPE is n factory-

built or masonry chimney suitable for removing p~.oducts o l combustion from residential type appliances ],reducing combustion gases not in excess of 1000' P. measured a t the appliance flue outlet.

CIIIMNEY, LOW-HEAT AI'lJLIANCE TYI'IC is a laclory-type, masonry or metal chimney suitable for removing thc grotlucts of combustion from fuel-burning low-heat appliances producing combustion gases not in excess of 1000" F. under nor~nai operating conditions hut capable of producing combustion gases of 1400" I". during intermittent

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