Southern Europe & Southern Europe & the Balkan Peninsulathe Balkan Peninsula

Chapter 16Chapter 16

Pages 349-365Pages 349-365

Iberian PeninsulaIberian Peninsula

Spain - HistorySpain - History

► Covers 85% of IberiaCovers 85% of Iberia► Controlled by RomeControlled by Rome► A.D. 700s Arabs invaded – set up A.D. 700s Arabs invaded – set up

universities, new farming techniques, & universities, new farming techniques, & spread Islam.spread Islam.

► Arabs forced out by the Christians in 1492Arabs forced out by the Christians in 1492► Built an overseas empireBuilt an overseas empire► Spain’s Legacy – 400 million Spanish Spain’s Legacy – 400 million Spanish

speakers world-widespeakers world-wide

Spain - GovernmentSpain - Government

► Monarchy – Dictatorship - Monarchy – Dictatorship - DemocracyDemocracy - Constitutional - Constitutional MonarchyMonarchy

► Spain is divided into 17 regions Spain is divided into 17 regions with autonomy – gov’t makes with autonomy – gov’t makes decisions on health & social decisions on health & social programs, urban planning, programs, urban planning, education, & local issueseducation, & local issues

Spain – CultureSpain – Culture

► Religion – CatholicReligion – Catholic► Language – 75% speak Language – 75% speak

Castilian Spanish, Castilian Spanish, Basque,CatalanBasque,Catalan

► Towns have open Towns have open spaces for people to spaces for people to meet called squares or meet called squares or plazasplazas

► Architecture has Arabic Architecture has Arabic influences (arches)influences (arches)

Spain’s EconomySpain’s Economy

► Textiles, Textiles, automobiles, & automobiles, & shipsships

► TourismTourism► Agriculture (olive oil Agriculture (olive oil

& wine)& wine)

Issues & Challenges in SpainIssues & Challenges in Spain

► Unemployment & Unemployment & Immigration (from Immigration (from Africa)Africa)

► Political problems – Political problems – Independence Independence movements movements (Basques)(Basques)

Portugal in a “nut shell”Portugal in a “nut shell”

►History – History – controlled by Rome and later Arabscontrolled by Rome and later Arabs Led Exploration Led Exploration

► Gov’t = DemocracyGov’t = Democracy►Tourism is importantTourism is important►Economy – world’s leading producer of Economy – world’s leading producer of

corkcork

The Italian PeninsulaThe Italian Peninsula

HistoryHistory

►Roman Empire – helped spread Roman Empire – helped spread Christianity culture, language (Latin), Christianity culture, language (Latin), architecture, laws, etc.architecture, laws, etc.

History ContinuedHistory Continued

► Renaissance – “rebirth” or renewed interest Renaissance – “rebirth” or renewed interest in learning. Affected art, writing, in learning. Affected art, writing, architecture. Ex. da Vinci & Michelangelo.architecture. Ex. da Vinci & Michelangelo.

MicrostatesMicrostates

► Vatican CityVatican City►MonacoMonaco► San MarinoSan Marino

Italian CultureItalian Culture

► Language = ItalianLanguage = Italian► Religion = Roman CatholicReligion = Roman Catholic► Cultural Fact = most important meal is in the Cultural Fact = most important meal is in the

middle of the daymiddle of the day► Capital = RomeCapital = Rome► Economy = northern Italy (industrial), southern Italy Economy = northern Italy (industrial), southern Italy

(agricultural)(agricultural)

GreeceGreece

Greece’s HistoryGreece’s History

► Ancient Greece was known for its creation of Ancient Greece was known for its creation of democracy, philosophy, drama, influence on democracy, philosophy, drama, influence on science, math, and sports.science, math, and sports.

Greece’s CultureGreece’s Culture

► Language = GreekLanguage = Greek► Religion = 98% Religion = 98%

Greek Orthodox Greek Orthodox ChristianChristian

► Common foods = Common foods = baklavabaklava

Western BalkansWestern Balkans

► Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Bosnia & Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, & Slovenia were all once apart of & Slovenia were all once apart of Yugoslavia. Yugoslavia.

► Serbia and MontenegroSerbia and Montenegro

EnclaveEnclave

►When once ethnic When once ethnic group of people is group of people is surrounded by surrounded by another ethnic another ethnic group of people.group of people.

► Ex. Bosnian Muslims Ex. Bosnian Muslims surrounded by surrounded by Croatian Christians.Croatian Christians.

War in the Western BalkansWar in the Western Balkans

► Civil war broke out Civil war broke out in many of these in many of these countries after the countries after the fall of communism. fall of communism.

► Even today in cities, Even today in cities, such as Kosovo, such as Kosovo, peace is shaky. peace is shaky.

Eastern BalkansEastern Balkans

► Bulgaria, Romania, & MoldovaBulgaria, Romania, & Moldova