south america decolonization: brazil & argentina (pre wwii)
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South America Decolonization: Brazil & Argentina (Pre WWII). Andrea Ware-Davis Desiree Donson. Thesis. Although Brazil and Argentina gained independence from their dominant foreign powers, Spain and Portugal, there was still an extent to which their independence was restricted. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Andrea Ware-DavisDesiree Donson
Although Brazil and Argentina gained independence from their dominant foreign powers, Spain and Portugal, there was still an extent to which their independence was restricted.
* Independence granted in 1822 by Pedro from Portugal
* After 1894, coffee states Sao Paulo & Minas Gerais made deal to monopolize the presidency (no political parties)
* Depression of 1929 caused a decrease in coffee prices= failure of “Old Republic”
* Man selected from Sao Paulo to be president= Liberal Alliance formed=overthrow of Gov. and the dictatorship of Vargas (1930-1945)
* “New State” (power of Gov. over the states) but still tried to reason with the civilians
* However the demand for political participation caused violence and riots=ABSOLUTE POWER
* 1935 National Security Law (police state)
* Promote industrialization.. Brazil’s first steel mill(economic independence)
* Argentine War of Independence (1810-1818) Manuel Belgrano, Juan José Castelli and José de San Martín against Spanish colonists
* July 9, 1816 congress of Tucuman declare independence from Spain
* Foreign economic dependency (GB..economic dominance rather than political control)
* Depression of 1929 stopped international trade= economic colonialism
* All power was to elites and military strongmen (Conservatives 1889-1890)* Rigged elections
* Inefficient
* Corrupt (interest in large land owners and foreign capitalists)
* Led to demand for political participation and mass mobilization
* 1892 protest movement by Radical Civic Union with leader Yrigoyen* Won 1916 elections but were unprepared
* Conservatives succeeded in 1930
* 1930-1943 “Infamous Decade”* Ended elite control of gov.
* 1943 coup took over (turned to Juan Peron)
* Made reforms/negotiations with working class
Was Brazil a nation-state?
Was Argentina a nation-state?
Encyclopedia - Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Web. 09 Feb. 2011. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic-
art/452378/13430/Juan-Peron-1954>.
Findley, Carter V., and John A.M Rothney. "Latin America's Struggle for Development." Twentieth Century World. Sixth ed. [S.l.]:
Houghton Miffin, 2006. Print.
"Getulio Vargas Biography - Brazilian Dictator and President." Brazil - Travel, Political and Cultural Information. Web. 09 Feb. 2011. <http://www.v-brazil.com/culture/historic-characters/getulio-vargas.html>.
"Map of South America, South American Countries, Landforms, Rivers, and Geography Facts - Worldatlas.com." World Atlas including Geography Facts, Maps, Flags - Worldatlas.com. Web. 09 Feb. 2011. <http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/sa.htm>.