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Selective Growth Inhibition of Human Breast Cancer Cells by Graviola Fruit Extract in Vitro and in Vivo Involving Downregulation of EGFR Expression
Drug Regimens: Drug/treatment tested-Graviola fruit extraction; 200 mg GFE/kg diet for rats with breast cancer cell (MDA-MB-468 cells)
n: sample size-6
Duration: length of trial-5 weeks
Demographics: subjects tested-5 week old female athymic BALB/c (nude) mice(or N/A?)
Design-case control (one group received treatment, other group did not receive treatment)
Endpoints: desired outcome-GFE treatment downregulates epidermal growth factor receptor expression (EGFR) and downstream effectors of EGFR signaling pathway (in other words, inhibition of EGFR activity and breast cancer cell growth caused by GFE)
Results/Comments; Arms = groups receiving respective treatment[Arm 1]: five-week old female athymic BALB/c mice injected with MDA-MB-468 cell not receiving GFE diet; control; no change[Arm 2]: five-week old female athymic BALB/c mice injected with MDA-MB-468 cell receiving 200 mg GFE/kg diet for five weeks; MDA-MB-468 cell growth inhibited by 29.5%; GFE-induced growth inhibition is cancer-specific and highly selective against different BC cells
Differential cytotoxic effects of Annona squamosa seed extracts on human tumor cell lines: Role of reactive oxygen species and glutathione
Drug Regimens: -powdered A. Squamosa seeds
n:N/A
Duration:24 and 48 hours
Demographics:-N/A
Design:-case control
Endpoints:A. squamosa seeds to possess potent proapoptotic characteristics for several human tumor cells.
Results/Comments[Arm 1]: MCF-7 tumor cell; high levels of reactive oxygen species (99%); significant reduction of GSH levels; downregulation or loss of Bcl-2 gene expression [Arm 2]: K-562 tumor cell; high levels of reactive oxygen species (99%); significant reduction of GSH levels; downregulation or loss of Bcl-2 gene expression[Arm 3]: COLO-205 tumor cells; no significant increase in reactive oxygen species (< 5%); slight reduction in GSH; no change in the expression of Bcl-2 gene