some environmental issues & business opportunities in

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Some Environmental Issues &Business Opportunities in Indian

IndustryS.Padmanaban, USAID

US-INDIA BUSINESS SUMMITIndustry Breakout Session

EnvironmentNovember 30, 2006

Mumbai


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y 1960s/70s: construction of 15 thermal powerplants and several hydro projects.

y 1980s: moved on to science and technology

development in the eighties.

y 1990s: focused on privatization and technologycommercialization in the early nineties.

y 1998: GHG emissions reductions in the energysector - main focus since the sanctions.

y Today: electricity distribution reform, water-energy, methane-to- markets, municipal services

History of USAID/IndiasEnergy/Environment Programs


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KEY PROGRAMS INENVIRONMENT & ENERGY

y ENERGY EFFICIENCY y CLEAN COALy WATER- ENERGY NEXUSy POWER DISTRIBUTION

y DISTRIBUTED GENERATIONy SUSTAINABLE BUSINESS

DEVELOPMENT


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1. Industrial & Hazardous WasteManagement

y Major issues in India30 million tons of waste generated apartfrom fly ash (2003 data)

u 8 million tons of hazardous waste

yKey issuesLack of secure landfills and Treatment,

storage and disposal facility (TSDF)u Only 11 TSDFs in India

Lack of incineration facilitiesLack of waste handling and managementsystems


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Industrial & HazardousManagement

yOpportunities

Technical assistance indesigning & operation of

landfillsTechnologies for wasteminimization and recycling &

related services

Hazardous waste disposal industry inthe industry sector is worth about

$200 million


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2. Cost-Effective Potential forImproving Energy Efficiency of

Products in India

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Energy Efficiency MarketAssessment Industrial Sector

Investment Opportunity: $ 10 billion

Sugar

Petro Chemicals

Other FertilisersAutomobile

Glass & glassware

Aluminium

Paper Finished stee l

Cement Nitrogenous fertilisers

RefineryCaustic soda

Drugs & pharmaceuticals

Cotton & blended yarn

Synthetic yarn

Other Organic Chemicals

Financial Attractiveness

M a r k e

t A t t r a c

t i v e n e s s

Industries Investmentsmn Rs

Aluminum 1,120.00

Paper 5,565.00

Cotton & blended yarn 2,200.00

Finished steel 7,710.00

Synthetic yarn 1,240.00

Glass & glassware 225.00

Ceramic tiles 190.00

Cement 6,065.00

Nitrogenous fertilizers 2,930.00

Refinery 3,720.00

Caustic soda 630.00

Sugar 3,335.00

Petro Chemicals 4,930.00

Drugs & pharmaceuticals 220.00

Other Organic Chemicals 400.00

Other Fertilisers 1,125.00

Automobile 440.00 Total, mn Rs 42,045.00

L M H

H

M

L


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3. Utilisation of wastes in cementplants

y Waste utilisation in cement plants in India

Almost nil except fly ash and gypsumy US/Japan and European Cement plants

Use 80% of waste as fuel450 kg of waste is used as raw material forproduction of one ton of Cement production in

Japany Tremendous potential in India

Waste utilization technologyWaste processing equipment

yKey requirement

Suitable legislation for waste processing in Cementindustry

Indian cement plants can absorb 14million tons of hazardous waste /year


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4. Air pollution

yAir pollutionMajor issue in India

y Potential opportunitiesNox/Sox control systemsVOC control technologies in chemicalplants and automobile industryReducing respirable suspendedparticular matter in several industriesGeneral dust control systemsOther technologies for gas (H2S, C2S,Acid fumes) emission control


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5. Water pollution andtreatment

y Non availability of water to industry in Indiay Water pollution

Industrial water pollutionu Only 60% industrial effluents of large & medium scale

industries are treated (PCB Data)Municipal water pollution

u 25% water in metro municipalities treated and lessthan 5% reused

u Other municipalities and towns very little or notreatment

y Potential opportunitiesWater treatment technologies for industries andmunicipality

u Membrane technologies / bio reactors


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Water pollution andtreatment..

y Potential Opportunities..Technologies for recycling of waterand zero discharge options in industry/ municipality

Bio gas generation throughanaerobic treatment of municipal /industrial waste water

Technologies for handling membranewaste water

Water saving devices and equipment


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6.Service Providers for UtilityHeat Rate Improvements

y EE & R&M in Indian coal-fired utilitiesy Private Sector Services to include:

- Advanced diagonistics- Energy audit services- Environmental monitoring

- Low carbon options- O&M services

Funding: Proposed IBRD funding: $ 120 million loan + $45 million GEF grant

Targeted Capacities for EE&RM: 650 MW


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7. Opportunities in BuildingSector

y Construction contributing 10% toNational GDP (500 Billion USD)

Growth rate 9.2% vis--vis 5.5 %

Global average

y Sectors to watch for

IT / IT Enabled Services

Commercial buildings

Infrastructure (Airports, Roads,

etc.,)

Residential
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/photo.cms%3Fphotoid%3D1127144&imgrefurl=http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/summary/1127144.cms&h=240&w=265&sz=21&tbnid=GQbps4hMMqcJ:&tbnh=97&tbnw=108&hl=en&start=8&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dindian%2Bconstruction%2Bindustry%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D


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Availability Of Green Materials

y Green materials are notreadily available

Certified woodWaterless urinals

High albedo materialsHigh recycled contentmaterialsHigh performance glassLow VOC materials

y Testing and certificationfacilities not Available

Eg., Cooling towers,Chillers

y Solutions soughtIncubation of GreenBuilding materialsDisplay in GBC

Technology Centrey Type testing for

equipmenty Green Building materials

Meety Green Building Congress

Issues Possible Solution


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Success Stories in Indiay Waterless urinals

2001 Awareness Nil2005 Three major players (EID Parry,Hindware, Falcon have the major market share)

y High Albedo materialUnheard in 2001

Two major players establishedu Thermosheildu Advance Coating systems
http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.atlanticcoatings.com/pix/body_featured_finished.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.atlanticcoatings.com/roof_coating_process.shtml&h=367&w=540&sz=16&tbnid=Qft-zfux4SoJ:&tbnh=88&tbnw=130&hl=en&start=2&prev=/images%3Fq%3Droof%2Bcoating%2Bsystems%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DGhttp://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://www.sustainability.uts.edu.au/images/urinalsv2.jpg&imgrefurl=http://www.sustainability.uts.edu.au/ourcampus/water.html&h=170&w=226&sz=29&tbnid=jtgOmGp7B9oJ:&tbnh=77&tbnw=103&hl=en&start=5&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dwaterless%2Burinals%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DG


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Success Stories in India

y CRI Certified carpets2001 Awareness nil

2005 Interface, Milliken,Shaw carpets
http://images.google.co.in/imgres?imgurl=http://altura.speedera.net/ccimg.catalogcity.com/210000/213600/213664/products/6325584.jpg&imgrefurl=http://wwww.shop.com/6325584.phtm&h=200&w=200&sz=17&tbnid=pOrebXL3XaQJ:&tbnh=99&tbnw=99&hl=en&start=1&prev=/images%3Fq%3DCarpet%2Btiles%26svnum%3D10%26hl%3Den%26lr%3D%26sa%3DG


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Opportunitiesy Materials & Equipment

Composting toiletsWaterless urinalsLow VOC adhesives &sealantsCRI certified carpets

FSC Certified woodHigh albedo roofingmaterialBIPVCTI certified coolingtowersLiving machines, etc.,.

y New Services

III PartyCommissioningEnergy simulationLEED Facilitationservices

yLEED-India (to belaunched shortly)

Green building products 350 Million USD by 2012


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nergy c encyin the Indian Cement Industry

-Wide range in energy intensity in Indian cement industry

- Some of the most efficient plants in the world are in India- Only 5% are inefficient wet kilns (vs. 18% in the U.S.)- Energy savings and emission reduction possible through:

-Improved energy efficiency-Increased blending of cement

-Use of alternative fuels-Waste heat power generation

0.0 0.5 1.0 1.5 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5

GJ/t cement

0 50 100 150 200 250 300

All Options

Energy Efficiency

Blended Cement (90% >> 70%)

Waste Heat Power Generation

Alt Fuels (Biomass)

Alt Fuels (Tires, Solvents)

Dry Kilns

Average

kgC/t cement

Source: Sathaye et al. (2005)


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THANK YOU

some environmental issues & business opportunities in

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