Solute vs. SolventSolute vs. Solvent

Solute: The substance being Solute: The substance being dissolveddissolved

Solvent: a liquid capable of dissolving Solvent: a liquid capable of dissolving another substance (Water is the another substance (Water is the universal solvent)universal solvent)

Permeable vs. ImpermeablePermeable vs. Impermeable

Permeable – can pass through a Permeable – can pass through a substancesubstance

Impermeable – cannot pass through Impermeable – cannot pass through a substancea substance

Semipermeable? Semipermeable?

DEMO DEMO

DiffusionDiffusion

Movement of Movement of molecules from an molecules from an area of high area of high concentration to an concentration to an area of lower area of lower concentrationconcentration

Example: skunk, Example: skunk, perfume, night after perfume, night after a dinner at taco a dinner at taco bell!bell!

Diffusion In ActionDiffusion In Action

http://gened.emc.maricopa.edu/bio/bhttp://gened.emc.maricopa.edu/bio/bio181/BIOBK/BioBooktransp.htmlio181/BIOBK/BioBooktransp.html

When molecules of a substance are When molecules of a substance are in equal concentrations on both sides in equal concentrations on both sides of a membrane, the molecules are of a membrane, the molecules are said to have reached said to have reached dynamic dynamic equilibriumequilibrium..

DEMO (Perfume)DEMO (Perfume)

What molecules moved?What molecules moved? What direction did the molecules What direction did the molecules

move?move? Location of molecules in the end?Location of molecules in the end?

DEMO (Strainer)DEMO (Strainer)

What molecules moved?What molecules moved? What direction did the molecules What direction did the molecules

move?move? Location of molecules in the end?Location of molecules in the end?

DEMO (Food coloring)DEMO (Food coloring)

What molecules moved?What molecules moved? What direction did the molecules What direction did the molecules

move?move? Location of molecules in the end?Location of molecules in the end? How did heat effect the movement of How did heat effect the movement of

the molecules?the molecules? How did cold effect the movement of How did cold effect the movement of

the molecules?the molecules?

Factors that affect DiffusionFactors that affect Diffusion

TemperatureTemperature Size of ParticlesSize of Particles Concentration of Particles (number of Concentration of Particles (number of

molecules of a substance in a given molecules of a substance in a given volume )volume )

OsmosisOsmosis

The diffusion of The diffusion of Water!Water!

Why is this important for Why is this important for cells?cells?

http://www.innerbody.com/htm/body.html

                                                                      

Capillary

 

PlasmolysisPlasmolysis

Types of SolutionsTypes of Solutions

Hypertonic Solution = higher concentration of Hypertonic Solution = higher concentration of water in the cell than outside the cellwater in the cell than outside the cell

Hypotonic Solution = higher concentration of Hypotonic Solution = higher concentration of water outside the cell than inside the cellwater outside the cell than inside the cell

Isotonic Solution = equal concentrations of Isotonic Solution = equal concentrations of water inside and outside the cellwater inside and outside the cell

Osmosis In Blood CellsOsmosis In Blood Cells

Osmosis In Plant CellsOsmosis In Plant Cells

Passive TransportPassive Transport

Diffusion and OsmosisDiffusion and Osmosis Molecules that are small but too Molecules that are small but too

large to pass through the membrane large to pass through the membrane on its own need help from transport on its own need help from transport proteins. proteins.

Active TransportActive Transport

Requires energyRequires energy Moves molecules against their Moves molecules against their

concentration gradient (from low concentration gradient (from low concentration to high concentration).concentration to high concentration).

http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/asguru/biology/01cellbiology/05pahttp://www.bbc.co.uk/education/asguru/biology/01cellbiology/05pathways/08active/index.shtmlthways/08active/index.shtml

Endocytosis Endocytosis

Process by which a Process by which a cell surrounds and cell surrounds and takes in material takes in material from the from the environment.environment.

PinocytosisPinocytosis Cell “drinking”Cell “drinking”

PhagocytosisPhagocytosis Cell “eating”Cell “eating”

ExocytosisExocytosis

The expulsion or excretion of The expulsion or excretion of materials from the cell. materials from the cell.

http://www.bbc.co.uk/education/asguru/biology/01cellbiology/05pahttp://www.bbc.co.uk/education/asguru/biology/01cellbiology/05pathways/09endoexo/index.shtmlthways/09endoexo/index.shtml

ExocytosisExocytosis

Endocytosis and ExocytosisEndocytosis and Exocytosis

How Cells Eat & DrinkHow Cells Eat & Drink

Typ es o f Tran sp ort

D iffu s ionO sm os is

F ac ilita ted D iffu s ion

P ass ive Tran sp ort(W ith ou t E n erg y)

Ion P u m p s E xocytos is

P h ag ocytos isC e ll "E a tin g "

P in ocytos isC e ll "D rin k in g "

E n d ocytos is

A c tive Tran sp ort(R eq u ires E n erg y)

C e ll Tran sp ort