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“GSM Based Solar Powered Automatic Irrigation

System with Time Presetting and remote switching”

Group members

Arshid Iqbal (07/08)Mandeep kour(180/08)

Parampreet kour(246/08)

Deptt. Of Electronics and communication MBSCET jammu

Contents Introduction

Definition of the problem

Proposed Model for Automation of Greenhouse

Aim & Basic principle of operation

Working of the proposed model

Block Diagram

Software (technology used)

Advantages

Disadvantages

Scope for Further Development

Expected outcome

Conclusion

Work done till now.

Introduction We live in a world where everything can be controlled and operated automatically.

There are still a few important sectors in our country where automation has not been

adopted or has not been put to a full-fledged use.

perhaps because of several reasons one such reason is cost.

One such field is that of agriculture. Agriculture has been one of the primary occupations of

man since early civilizations and even today manual interventions in farming are inevitable.

Greenhouses form an important part of the agriculture and horticulture sectors in our

country as they can be used to grow plants under controlled climatic conditions for

optimum produce.

Automating a greenhouse envisages monitoring and controlling of the climatic parameters

which directly or indirectly govern the plant growth and hence their produce.

Automation is process control of industrial machinery and processes, thereby replacing

human operators.

Definition of the problem Over-irrigation because of poor distribution uniformity or management waste water,

chemicals, and may lead to water pollution.

Deep drainage (from over-irrigation) may result in rising water tables which in some

instances will lead to problems of irrigation salinity requiring water table control by some

form of sub-surface land drainage.

Irrigation with saline or high sodium water may damage soil structure owing to the

formation of alkaline.

Competition for surface water rights.

depletion of underground aquifers.

Ground subsidence

Proposed model for automation of greenhouse

The proposed system is an embedded system

Monitor and control the microclimatic parameters of a greenhouse

Maximize their production over the whole crop growth season

Eliminate the difficulties involved in the system.

The system comprises of:-

sensors,

Analog to Digital Converter,

microcontroller and

activators.

This system eliminates the drawbacks of the existing set-ups

Flexible and low cost solution

.. .

Aim & Basic Principle of Operation

Aim:-

The aim of this project is to design a Solar based automatic intelligent system that can control the

irrigation depending upon the moisture present in the soil.

Basic principle of operation:-

This project uses MCU (Micro Controller Unit) that will take input from the soil in the form of

moisture and depending upon the value of soil moisture entered by the user, a comparison is

made.

With the help of mobile phone embedded with an internal modem, user can turn on the water

motors from anywhere in the world

The DTMF keypad can be used to enter the preset values of times, like when to start the

motors and when to stop the motors.

.. .

Working of The Proposed Model

This project is based on EMBEDDED SYSTEM and GSM

Technology.

When a field is in the dry condition, the sensing logic senses the state

(moisture content) of the field and intimates it to the microcontroller.

It in response makes the motor on.

.. .

Contd…..

User is intimated by sending a message to the GSM modem which is

placed at the field.

Through our mobile we can switch on-off the motor by sending the

respective commands to the kit through the GSM modem.

Thus the irrigation motor can be controlled through our mobiles using

GSM technology.

BLOCK DIAGRAM

.

.. .

Solar panel Power Supply

MCU-16F877A

Water Valve Driver Circuit

Water Valve

Silver Plates

GSM mobile phone remote switch

LEDS

LCD

Key Pad

Interface circuitry to PC

PIC-16f877a

A PIC microcontroller is a processor with built in memory and RAM.

It saves you from building a circuit that has separate external RAM, ROM and peripheral

chips.

What this really means for us is that we have a very powerful device that has many useful

built in modules e.g.

EEPROM.

Timers.

Analog comparators.

UART.

..

.

Why PIC-16f877a

Two timers.

One 10bit ADC with 4 selectable inputs.

An internal oscillator (or we can use an external crystal).

An analog comparator.

1024 words of program memory.(1k).

64 Bytes of RAM.

128 Bytes of EEPROM memory.

External interrupt (as well as interrupts from internal peripherals).

External crystal can go up to 20MHz.

Liquid Crystal Display (LCD)

lcd is used to indicate the present status of parameters and the respective AC devices (simulated using bulbs).

The information is displayed in two modes which can be selected using a push button switch which toggles between these two modes.

Any display can be interfaced to the system with respective changes in driver circuitry and code.

.. .

Silver Plates

The circuit designed uses

A 5V supply,

Fixed resistance of 100Ω,

Variable resistance of 10ΚΩ,

Two copper leads as the sensor probes,

2N222N transistor.

.. .

vcc

Sensor leads

To microcontroller

SILVER PLATES

.

.. .

vcc

Sensor leads

Sensor Interface

KEY PAD

.

..

.

LF1

LF2

HF1 HF2

Buzzer And Leds .

.. .

Water Valve Driver

.

.. .

Solar Power Supply

.. .

Serial communication between MCU and PC. .

11

MCU

10

11 14

Max- 232

12 13

2

P C

3

Software (Technology used)

To program PIC Microcontrollers we need several types of computer

software.

These soft wares used are:-

C# (c sharp) for serial communication between MCU and PC.

Development interface or IDE.

Visual studio.

Advantages Sensors used have high sensitivity and are easy to handle.

Low cost system, providing maximum automation.

Closed loop design prevents any chances of disturbing the greenhouse environment.

User is indicated for changes in actuator state thereby giving an option for manual override.

Low maintenance and low power consumption.

The system is more compact compared to the existing ones, hence is easily portable.

Can be used for different plant species by making minor changes in the ambient

environmental parameters.

Can be easily modified for improving the setup and adding new features.

Labour saving.

.. .

Disadvantages

Complete automation in terms of pest and insect detection and

eradication cannot be achieved.

No self-test system to detect malfunction of sensors.

Requires uninterrupted power supply.

Facility to remotely monitor the greenhouse is not possible.

Scope For Further Development

Number of channels can be increased

Can be modified with the use of a data logger and a graphical LCD panel

A speaking voice alarm could be used instead of the normal buzzer.

Modems, cellular phones or satellite terminal

Energy storage device

Time bound administration of fertilizers,

A multi-controller system can be developed

.. .

Expected outcome

The Microcontroller based irrigation system will prove to be a real time

feedback control system which will monitors and controls all the

activities of irrigation system efficiently.

The present proposal is a model to modernize the agriculture industries

on a small scale with optimum expenditure.

Using this system, one can save manpower, water to improve production

and ultimately profit.

Conclusion reducing the power consumption, maintenance and complexity, at the

same time providing a flexible and precise form of maintaining the environment.

Further improvements will be made as less expensive and more reliable sensors are developed for use in agricultural production.

The required technology and components are available, Many such systems have been independently developed, Or are at least tested at a prototype level.

Also, integration of all these technologies is not a daunting task and can be successfully carried out.

.. .

Work done till now

We have prepared the following independent parts of the project

An alarm circuitry.

Main control PCB design.

Power supply module for testing

Main control PCB design.

PIC 16f877a

Power supply module for testing

. Power suply PCB layout

Working power supply module

An alarm circuitry.

.

Led’s used for error indication

Complete alarm circuitry

video-.mp4

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.. .

Thank You

Stay BlessedN