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SOCIETY FOR CALIFORNIA ARCHAEOLOGY

NEWSLETTER VOLUME 11 NO. 6 DECEMBER 1977

~!OMHU._TIONS OPEN FOR 1978 OFFICERS

Please submit names of people you would like to see as SCA leaders for f978 to the Chairmen of the Nominations and Election Connnittee, Ed Kandler and :CU1ss Kaldenberg,

Since ballots will go out with the February Newsletter, members are asked to send the name and adress of nominees as soon as possible to one of the Chairmen, Permission of the nominees should be received first, and nominees IIIUst be SCA members at the time of the election.

Ed Kandler can be reached at this address: Ed Kandler SPNED-EI, U.S. Corps of Engineers, 2if Main Street, San Francisco, CA 94105. Russ' address is 831 Barstow Road, Barstow, CA 92311 •

SCA INTERN CHOSEN

The SCA Executive Board has selected Clyde E. Kuhn as SCA Intern to work on developing a grant proposal for an SCA-related research design. The selection follows a search and screening program conducted for the Society by the California Environmental Intern Program of San Francisco, in which a number of applicants were considered. Kuhn will develop a proposal or proposals for submission to different foundations, to be ready by March 1, 1978, and involving an evaluation of problems within California archaeology and develop­ment of a structure within the Society to deal with these problems. He will work in consultation with Dave Fredrickson, as Northern California Vice­President, and will spend approximately two months in developing the grant proposal. (See minutes of October 22 Executive Board meeting for further details).

NEMBERSHIP LIST FOR 1977

Please check the Membership List 1977 to see if your name and address are listed correctly. The list is complete through December 1, 1977.

A membership renewal form and envelope will go out to aJl members with the February issue of the Newslette:c, so that it can be returned with the ballot for election of 1978 officers. If you wish to pay early, you may send your money to CSU, Fullerton-but it will be easier to deal wit'1 ballots and renewals in February.

CALL FOR PAPERS FOR 1978 SCA MEETINGS

The Annual Meeting of the Society of California Archaeology will be held on March 16, 17 and 18, 1978, at Yosemite National Park, Meetings will be at CuIT'J Village in the Park.

Proposed symposia and individual paper proposals should be submitted by Januar.y 31, 1978, to Program Chairman David Fredrickson (Department of Anthropology, Sonoma State University, Rohnert Park, CA 94928). Th!phasis this year will be on Regional Research, so papers on this subject will be especially welcome. An abstract of approximately 100 words should be included on the form enclosed with this Newsletter.

LOCAL ARRA.i~GEMENTS INFORMATION FOR ANNUAL MEE'l'INGS

Persons wishing to make reservations at Yosemite for the period of the Annual Meetings may make them for either the Curry Village location (where the meetings will be held but food is not available) or at Yosemite Lodge (where food service is availab1e but meetings will not be held). Costs for hotel rooms at the Lodge are 129.68 per person per day or $24.38 per person (with an additional S3 or 14 foI each additional person in a room). Charges for cabins with bath at Curry Village are 116.43 per person per night, or 19.54 per person without bath; these charges are good for up to 4 people, with each additional person charged an extra l3 or 14 per night. Meetings will be held March 16 (Thurs.) through March 18 (Saturday), so those attending may want to arrive the preceding evening, March 15,

Reservations should be made by sending a reservation request (on a fonn_ supplied by the Park reservation office, if such a form is included with your copy of this Newsletter), with the first nightts deposit, to the following address:

lla.rbara Garcia Conference Reservation Dept. Yosemite National Park, CA 95389

(Phone Area 209+373 4171). Camping facilities are frf course also available

at Yosemite National Park, and should not be too difficult to ohtain since the meetings will be before Faster vacations.

If t:>:"avel assistance is needed between Fresnfr and Yosemite, you may contact Dudley Varner, Annual Meeting Chairman, Department of Anthropology, California State University, Fresno, 93710.

Pre-registration infonnation will appear in the next Newsletter, and will be handled at CSU, Fresno.

COSO HOT SPRINGS NOMINATION IN PERIL

Nomination of Caso Hot Springs, in the China Lake Naval Weapons Center, to the National Register of Historic Places may not be accomplished because of opposition by the Navy, according to informed sources. Everyone who wishes to express interest in nomination of this important location should write to:

Dr. William Murtagh, Keeper of" the National Register Office of Archeology and Historic .Preservation U,S. Department of the Interior Washington, D.C. 20240

Carbon copies should also be sent to the California State Historic Preservation Office in Sacramento.

LOS ANGELES TIMES 4/19/77 Part 2, pages 1-2 10/15/77 Part 2, page 14

FORMS FOR SCA DIRECTORY OF CONSULTANTS

Included with this issue of the Newsletter are application forms for persons or organizations who wish to be included in the 1978 edition of the SCA Directory of Archaeological Consultants, and a list of minimum criteria which nmst be met for inclusion. A processing fee of $8.00 should be sent with the notarized application to James Rock, Chairman of the Directory Committee:

James T, Bock Klamath National Forest

.1215 South Ma.in Yreka, CA 96097

SYMPOSIUM ON THE CALIFORNIA ISLANDS.

A "Multidisciplinary Symposium on the California Islands", to be held at the Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History on February 27 through March 1, 1978, will include invited and contributed papers on a variety of scientific topics relating to the islands off the California and Baja California coasts. A brochure describing· the meetings states:

"The puxposes of this gathering are to summarize and advance our knowledge of the California Islands. We are providing a forum for all those concerned with island processes in general, and· with this unique fringing archipelago especially. Emphasis will be on the life and earth sciences,·including the fields of evolutionary biology, ecology, biogeography, paleontology, geology, marine science, and anthropology,"

Michael Glassow, UC Santa Barbara, has been invited to speak on "Recent· Developments in Archeology" on Monday evening, Feb. 27, at 8:00 P.M. Contributed papers (15 minutes in length) will. be offered on Feb. 27 and 28. (Deadline for abstracts was December 1, unfortunately too early for the current Newsletter to get the word out in time). Registration fees of $5 for students, $10 for professionals should be sent along with one's name, institution, address, and phone number, to the conference convenor: Dr. Dennis M. Power, Director, Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History, 2559 Puesta del Sol Road, Santa Barbara, CA 93105. Preregistration is urged strongly.

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Next News

Deadline

Jan. 14

WORK AVAILABLE· ON WARM SPRINGS DAM PROJEX>T

The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, San Francisco District, will be contracting for historical, ethno­graphic, and archeological services in connection with the construction of Warm Springs Ilam-Lake Sonoma, Sonoma County, California. The project includes approximately 17,000 acres, with about 95 sites of known cultural significance. Briefly, the work will entail:

1. Historical research, including strong com­ponents of oral history and ethnohistory, to provide mitigation-level and interpretive program documentation and materials on the settlement of the project area by non-Indian peoples, as well as a chronicle of settler-Indian contacts. Special emphasis shall be on the background of sites which have been deemed eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places, which includes the Skaggs Springs area. Coordination with and participation by local historical societies and archival repositories will be emphasized.

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2. Ethnographic research among Cloverdale Pomo and • other Indians with ancestral relationships to the project area who were not contacted during initial surveys. Facilitation of the establishment of an on-going working relationship between the Corps and Native Americans with affinities to the project area, Special attention will be paid to development of management programs for ethnobotanical resources of the project, and formulation of plans for Indian-related interpretive programs.

3. The initial phase of archeological work will include the formulation of a research design for both prehistoric and historic archeological site preservation and data recovery, and the accomplish­ment of such work within the zones what will be affected by construction through Fiscal Year 1979. Problems related to the inundation of archeological sites and data will be examined in depth, with petroglyph preservation and relocation being given special consideration. Planning for interpretive use of archeological sites and data will be initiated.

Further information may be obtained from Dr. Richard N. Lerner, Anthropologist, Environmental Branch (Phone 415 556-6665). Parties who may want to be considered for all or portions of this work should file Standard Form 254, "Architect-Engineer and Related Services Questionnaire," with the:

Secretary, Selection Board U,S, Army Corps of Engineers 211 Main Street San Francisco, CA 94105

Copies of the form may be obtained, at no cost, from the same address.

RICHARD N. LERNER 8/29/77 •

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AND CALTRANS AGREE ON I-15 ARTIFACTS

"A disagreement between the Luiseno Indians and Caltrans over what to do with Indian artifacts dis­covered in the right-of-way of a proposed 2-mile section of Interstate 15 north of Escondido has been resolved, according to Adria.ru:;, Giantu.rco, director of the transportation department. Leaders of the Luiseno tribe have agreed to leave the artifacts in place as long, as they are not disturbed by freeway construction, Ms. Giantu.rco said. Bids on the pro­ject, budgeted at $10.2 million, will be opened in Los Angeles Dec. 15 and work is ex:pected to begin 30 to 45 days later, a Caltrans spokesman said. The four-lane freeway route is in northern San Diego County."

LOS ANGELES TIMES 10/25/77

SAN DiffiO SITE DElfEJ,OPMENT HEARll'lG SE!'

"Plans to excavate two prehistoric Indian camps discovered in Southeast San Diego's Chollas Canyon were being made last night while a legal battle' was looming over who has rights to archaeological digs destined :ior modern development.

"At immediate issue was the fate of the two rare archaeological discoveries, which scientists say were camps occupied by people of the so­called ta, Jollan culture between 2,000 and a,ooo years a.go.

"The two sites, apparently rich in stone tools, were discovered Nov. 15 near Federal Boulevard and 60th Street on private properrr about to be graded for housing construction.

"The possible further significance ef the issue is th<J,t it affect city policy on whether to preserve archaeological materials in the path of future property developments.

"The legal conflict began nine days aeo >rl:ien Joyce Gage Reading, a student of anthropology and archaeology, found the two camps on projects tu;lder development hillside terrace a 100 feet from the bottom of dry creek bed (sic).

"At each site :she found cutting, scraping and seed grinding tools of stone a.~d the shells of pecten:s and chiones, shellfish savored by early Indians in the area.

"Reading then learned that the Biddle-Carte~ Development Corp. was ~reparing to construct low­income housing in the area and had already been issued.a grading permit.

"'I found engineers setting stakes on my second visit .to the site, 1 she recalled. 'They toln me they were bringing in a Caterpillar tractor '.;he next day and that major dirt removal operations were set to start the following Monday (~~ov. 21).'

"On Nov. 16, Rearl:ibg led six other archaeclo­gists and anthropologists to the sites. They concurred that the camps belonged to the La Jollan culture.

''Rer::arkably little is trmm about the La Jollan Indians, partly because few of their canps have been fcund. Scientists know that they were

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primarily gatherers, rather than hunters, that they buried their dead in flexed position with cherished possess1on:s, that tney were oy Yaleo­Indian:s (sic) of the San Dieguito culture and disappeared about 2,000 years ago as the Luiseno and Kumeyaay Indian cultures appeared in this area.

"Several of the scientists began makir.g inquiries of the developer and at City Hall in an attempt to halt the planned gradir.g.

"Reading said they were told by a supervisor in the environmental quality division of the city Planning Department, and subsequently by a deputy city attorney, •that nothing could be done. 1

Area Posted: Reading said she returned to the site Nov. 17 and was alanned to find the 35-acre property posted with !llal'lY 1no trespassing' signs and patroled by a guard.

"At this point, Daniel D. Whitney, an attorney as well as a professor of anthropology at San Diego State University, became involved in the situation.

"In an eleventh-hour effort to halt the bull­dozers, Whitney, county archaeologist Ron May and archaeologist Richard J. Kardash Jr. met Sunday night with Superior Court Judge Earl B. Gilliam at his home.

"Gilliam issued a, temporary restraining o:rder delaying the grading work and the next morning the group headed by Ka:rdash filed suit to extend the order, subsequently granted, by Judge Alfred Lord.

"Named as defendents in the action are the City of San Diego, planning director James Goff, environ­mental quality director James Gleason and the devel­opment finn~ which has offices in Kearney Mesa •

"At some point in the proceedings, Rea.ding said, it was lea.med that the federal Department of Housing and Urban Development had a.greed to guarantee loa.na for the complet.ed housing uni ts. Reading said HUD authorities in Denver were contacted and that the agency later informed the developer it would with­draw from the loan agreement 1.Ulless the two sites were investigated to the satisfaction of the scientists.

''Yesterday, Whitney said he and the attorney for the developers, Robert Caplan, agreed to an arrange­ment in which the company will permit the scientists to investigate the two sites until a court hearing date on nee. 5 in return for allowing the firm to proceed with grading of some 30 acres of land around the sites.

Still Under Study: Deputy City Attorneys Alan Sumption and .John Riess said they were still studying the case.

"A development fire official referred questions to Caplan, who could not be reached ror comment."

(Instrumental in the e~forts noted above were Brian Mooney, who initiated the telephone network which soon linked California Indian Leeal Services with Kardash and beean to get things moving; Lester Marston of C.I.L.S.; ~nd Prnfessor/Atto!::!ey Dan Whitney of S, D.S. U. Attorneys JY'iarston and \lhi tney have donated many hours of legal ~~sistance a:'lll field labor a8 well).

News story by CLIFF SFI'Tif, T'ne San :Jiepo ~. 11/?4/77, paces B-1 and B-5

DESERT ADVISORY COMMI'I'I'EE MEE'l'InGS

The California Desert Conservation Area Advisory·Comm.ittee will be meeting in El Centro on December 8-10, to hear interim management reports, discuss County Government and the California Desert Plan, the proposed Mining Law of 1977, and talce a field trip to the Imperial Dunes Geothermal Area.

The next meeting following this will be in san Diego on February 24-25, and the May 12-14 meeting is scheduled for Bishop and nearby field locations.

The Desert Plan Staff and the Desert Advisory Committee are now located at 3610 Central Avenue, Suite 402, Riverside, CA 92506, and can be con­tacted by writing the Director and Chairperson, respectively, at that address.

SCA SOLICITS MANUSCRIPTS FOR OCCASIONAL PAPERS

The Society for California Axchaeology is soliciting papers on method arid theory in California archaeology for inclusion in its new publication series. Emphasis of the series will be on new and different interpretations or explanations of existing data and new methods of gathering and synthesizing data. Papers should relate to California archaeology or prehistory, or be of interest to California archaeologists, but all papers containing new methods or theories will be considered~ Papers containing well reasoned speculation are especially enco~ed, but purely descriptive papers are discou..""ag0d u.~less they contain highly significant data which will generate new and different interpretations. The length of papers can vary, as can style, but all papers must be concisely written and well thoueht out. mrto'rials, book reviews and short comments may also be submitted for consideration~ Manuscripts may be submitted to:

GARY S. BRESCHINI, Editor 379 Corral de Tierra Salinas, CA 93901 11/3/77

BEDROCK MORTAR MOVED TO ESCONDIDO MUSEUM

The San Diego Union for October 16, 1977, page B-8, carried a picture shoving two bulldozers pulling a bedrock milling feature through a dark soil, and two construction men in hard hats. The caption beneath read:

"Heavy equipment operators tackle the job of moving an eight ton boulder--containing grinding holes useii by early day Indians to process acorns, nuts, and other hard foods into meal--from a field in Escondido to the city Historical Society's mini-museum in Grape Day Park. The move was made yesterday."

It is to be hoped that this move will not be a p?eeedent for bulldozing operations on other bedrock milling. stations, whatever their destinations mi·€ht be. Efforts to preserve Such features in situ, and to test the surrounding soil for pollen, bone, stone flakes or artifacts would seem to be necessities for good cultural resource management practices.

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MENDOCINO MUST FOLLOW ENVIRONMENTAL GUIDELINES

"Mendocino County must tighten its procedure for environmental impact reports (EIR) as a remtl t of • last week's Superior Court decision on the Wuanita Meadows subdivision.

"Judge Arthur B. Broaddus ruled that supervisors failed to follow guidelines of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) in approving the 14-lot rural subdivision in Rocktree Valley east of Willits.

"The Mendocino County Superior Court judge will issue a writ of mandate overturning the supervisors' June 28 decision.

"Neighbors in the Rocktree Valley-Hearst area filed the lawsuit, arguing that supervisors failed to consider environmental impacts of th.e project.

"Attorneys for the county said the board reviewed the EIR during its June 13 meeting. :But the county did not include an archaeological survey of the site.

"Deputy district attorney Rick Henderson, repre­senting the boa.rtl of supervisors, argued that opponents f~-;led to challe~~e the re~ort within 10 days after it was adopted.

"The judge said supervisors should not have okayed a report with an 'admitted defect,• however.

"Broaddus ruled that supervisors delegated author­ity to the planning commission to review the report.

"He cited CEQ.A guidelines which identify super­visors as the 1 lead agency• in EIR deliberations. 'The EIR cannot serve its infonnational function unless it is reviewed and consid!?Z"i by the govern­mental body which takes action having an effect upon the environment,• Broaddus said.

"He ruled in favor of the neighbors •••• 'l'hey earlier protested the subdivision, warning about poor roads in the area. Neighbors said the project would spoil the valley's rural character by doubling the number of parcels there ••••

"Henderson told the board of supervisors this week they will have to certify all EIRs as legally sufficient, a task which was formerly left to the planning commission.

"The deputy district attorney said he is not clear about Judge Broaddus• intB!cy:retation of the CEQA guidelines. 'The key is what is meant by "reviewing and considering"• 1 he said. Henderson said he will confer with the judge about EIR procedures •••• "

THE PRESS DEMOCRAT 9/28/77 page 12A

SYMPOSIUM PAPERS SOUGHT FOR 1978 AAA MEETINGS

Nancy Walter and Paul. Chace are organizing a symposium on Axchaeology in the Private Sector for the American Anthropological Association meetings in Los Angeles in November 1978. If you are interested in presenting a paper on this topic, please respond to either Nancy (17048 Sunburst, Northridge, CA 91325) or Paul (1623 Kenora Drive, Escondido, CA 92027), so that abstracts can be submitted in time for the deadline.

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INFOfilll".ATION REQUESTED ON ARCHAEOLOGIST I NATIVE AMERICAN COOPERATION AND CONFLICT

Ron May's article in the July 1977 issue of the Newsletter, listing examples of cooperation between American Indians and archaeologists in the San Diego area, is on a subject of great interest to me. Why do we see instances of both cooperation and conflict between Indians and archaeologists? We should be interest8d in trying to answer this question, because we are, after all, anthropologists, and because gaining understanding can't help but be a positive step towards future cooperation between these two groups whose interests aren't always the same.

I have begun investigating this topic and hope to culminate it in the form of an M.A. thesis. Being a member of SCA, as well as its :Business Office manager, I am well aware that the Newsletter reaches a majority of archaeolo­gists and archaeology-interested people in the state, and is therefore an invaluable vehicle for seeking the kind of information I am after. If any of you can provide me with the details of any cases of either cooperation or conflict between archaeologists (yourself perhaps) and American Indian groups concerning a site, artifacts, burials, etc., I would very much appreciate hearing from you. Please include the date, geographical location as well as the Indian tribe involved, if possible. I would also appreciate any suggestions anyone may have for me. Please write to Susan Wright, 2501 Wallace Avenue, Fullerton, CA 92631. Thank you.

SUSAN WRIGHT 11/77

HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY READER NOW AVAILABLE

SCA Member Robert L. Schuyler, of the City College, City University of New York, has edited a new source book on historic archaeology, which is now available at a reduced price to state archaeological society members. Entitled Historical Archaeolog;y, A Guide to Substantive and Theoretical Contributions, it contains 35 articles from widely scattered sources. These are grouped in 5 parts: Emergence and Definition of a New Discipline; Sub­fields of Historical Archaeology; Substantive Contri­butions; Theoret.ical Positions; and Future Trends. Articles include some of the classic and some less well known studies, by such writers as J.C. Harrington, Arthur Woodward, Joh.~ Cotter, Bernard Fontana, J.E. Rowe, James Deetz, Stanley South, Lewis Binford, Mark Leone, I. N. Hume, Iain Walker, Clyde Dollar, James Fitting, Oleg Grabar, K.J. Barton, D.B. Harden, Marley Bro,m, and Robert Schuyler.

Orders for copies of the source book should be sent to Baywood Publishing Co., Inc., 120 Marine St., Farmingdale, New York 11735, and to receive the discount should be accompanied by payment of $11.95. The books will be shipped by ~arch 1st, 1978. Reg-~lar

price is $15.00 per copy.

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ANTIQUITIES LAW RULED ILLEGAL

The following article is reprinted from the A,S,C,A. Newsletter for October 1977, page 3, Written by Denise Tessier, it orginally appeared in the Albuguerque Journal, August 16, 1977, pages A1-2,

''Misdemeanor charges against a man who allegedly excavated pottery pieces from a 900-year­old Zuni ruin were dismissed Monday by a part-time federal magistrate in Albuquerque, who held the law protecting such ruins unconstitutional, U.S. Magistrate Peter Gallagher, while filling in for U.S. Magistrate Robert McCoy, made the decision after a day of testimony in which two archaeological experts testified that the pottery sherds removed dated back to 1100 A.D.

"Before Gallagher dismissed the charges, prosecutor Robert Collins warned that to strike down the law as unconstitutional 'would exnose all national forests and national parks and their ruins and monuments to wanton and irreversible destitution at the hands of souvenir and commercial pottery hunters.'

"Being tried was Scott Merritt Ca.mazine, 25, a third-year Harvard medical student who works at the Zuni public hospital, The charge was a misdemeanor offense under the U,S, Antiquities Act, which pro­hibits. excavating, injuring or destroying any historic or prehistoric ruin or monument or any 'object of antiquity• on government lands, Gallagher dismissed the charge after Ca.mzine 1 s defense attorney, Jay Hertz of Albuquerque, challenged the Antiquities Act as vague, saying reasonable persons might not be able to ascertain what a prehistoric ruin or object of antiquity is,

"Collins said he cannot appeal Gallagher's dismissal because evidence against Ca.mazine had already been introduced, bringing the case under the double jeopardy rule, He said, however, that the U,S, Attorney's office 1 will continue to prosecute antiquities violations with vigor, wherever they occur, despite Gallagher's ruling,•

"Zuni rangers testified that they caught Camazine at the site, and one of two children with Camazine testified that the man had taken pottery pieces from the hole that had been dug, A hoe and two trowels were introduced as the tools used by Ca.mazine, The two archeological experts, Bruce Anderson and T. J, Ferguson of Zuni Archeological Enterprise, testified that the site was highly unusual in that it was laid out by early Indians in an 1 X1 pattern, as opposed to the traditional 1 L1 or 1U1 patterns, They also said the hole appeared to have been dug directly over an ancient ceremonial room, or kiva,

"In June 1976, three commercial pottery hunters cited by forest rangers for excavating an unmarked ruin near Mogollon in the Gila National Forest were convicted under the Antiquities Act and sentenced by U.S. Magistrate John Darden to social service work for a period of time, Darden had denied a similar defense plea of unconstitutionality and vagueness. However, in a similar case in Arizona that resulted in conviction was appealed to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals, and the court ruled that the Antiquities Act is unconstitutional. That ruling does not apply in New Mexico, which is in the Tenth Circuit,"

DENISE TESSIER Albuquerque Journal, B/16/77

N!TIVE AMERICAN HERITAGE COMMISSION

Victoria Roberts, Resource Coordinator on the staff of the Native American Heritage Commission, spoke at the Oat. 22 Data-Sharing Meetings at Sonoma State College about the work of the commission and the role of archaeologists with respect to the commission. The commission, she said, is involved in cultural resource preservation when another state agency is inv'll.ved, or when state or federal money is involved. The commission has so far received more than 200 requests for assistance, from tribes, agencies, etc. EIRs and EIS's which Ms. Roberts has reviewed have been , (with few exceptions) "totally inadequate," she stated. The major shortcomings involve failure to contact the local Indian community, failure to make a thorough literature search and check with the State Historic Preserva­tion Office to see if a site is on the National register, and failure to discuss mitigation pro­cedures (including comments from the local Native American conmr.mity so that the commission will know wti.at they vant ~done with the site). On the latter point, she noted that because there are local differences in opinion and preferences, there cannot be any overall policy from the com.'llission on what is to be done with sites.

The Colll!llission has decided to put off survey &.9ld inYent~_ng all :socially and religiously important sites in the state until next year, because of the difficulties involved in identify­ing sites, which may lead to pot-hunting and desecration, It is concerned about the ever­increasi~ violation of burial sites; archaeolo­gists must contact local Native .American people as soon as they suspect that a burial is present, and respect the wishes of these people about scientific study or immediate reburial. Artifacts should also be reinterred if the local Native Americans wish it. i\.rchaeologists have to explain to local people 'What they want to do, so that there will be understanding on both sides.

The Commission is making ready a Directory including names and addresses of Indian people in California, which archaeologists should send for. A statewide list of organizations, listed by counties, should be ready by January. In March a Cultural Handbook should be available, including a sample EIR, procedures to be followed on different levels of property ownership (private, city, county, state, or federal property) and cultural resoi=e management guidelines.

Ms, Roberts requested help from SCA in monitoring archaeologists who claim to be cultural resoi=e managers, and suggested that a list of archaeologists who are competent and can report back to Native American people would be useful. She also suggested that a committee of Native Americans, archaeologists, SlIPO a.nd (??) offices should be established to review EIRs and monitor what is going on in the field.

'Hie Commission would be interested in receiving information 'Which SCA members may have on CRM classes, collections of relevant laws, and samples of good EIR.s. To send these, or to request publications of the Native American Heritage Commission, notification of time and place of their monthly meetins, or be _put on their mailing list, write to her at the following address, or to Stephen M. Rios, Executive Secretary:

Native American Heritage Commission 1400 Tenth Street, Room 200 Sacramento, CA 95814

The telephone number is 916+~22-7791.

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NEW NATIONAL RmISTER EFFORT

"The Department of Parks and Recreation has launched a comprehensive effort to identify buildings, sites and districts of significance to California's Asian, Black, Chicano and Native • American populations. Once identified, such properties become eligible for the NatiotJal Register of Historic Places, and may qualify for tax breaks under the Tax Reform Act of 1976 and California's Proposition 7. Those who can help identify specific sites should contact Mickey Fearn, 128 Plaza. Street, Los Angeles, 90012, (213) 620-3342; or Roy Adger, P.O. Box 266, Palo Alto, 94302, (415) 322-6997 or 326-7706,"

CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL COURIER 7/77

FOREST SERVICE COOPERATES TO PROTECT CERil>!ONIAL SITE

Six Rivers National Forest and Klamath National Forest worked closely with the Orleans Karok Council in protecting a ceremonial site during the recent Hog Fire. The site, used by Karok deer hunters as a good luck site, is located in an isolated, road.less area. When it was threatened by the fire, it became necess­ary to extend a fire line throut;-TI the area. Before doing so 1 the Orleans District Ranger of Six Rivers N.F. contacted the Orleans Karok Council and obtained their concurrence and advice on the construction of the fire line. A "cat" line was constructed several hundred yards downslope from the Rocks, while a foot trail which passes through the site w.s cl ea.red of brush. The Chairperson of the Orleans Karok Council, who visited the location during the fire, was satisfied with the manner in which the Rocks site was protected, and was grateful for the cooperation of the Forest Service. Severak Karok from Somes Jlar accompanied the rehabilitation crew which later visited the area and closed off the "cat" line in • several places to prohibit visitation. The site is still intact with no evidence of distu.rbance, and was used by Karok hunters within the past few weeks,

JOE WINTER 10/14/77

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MAJOR PALEOllTOLOGICAL DISCOVERY IN MONTANA

"The skulls of a prehistoric bear and musk ox thought to be up 'to 13, 000 years old, have been found in the deepest recesses of a cave on the slopes of the Continental Divide. Neither species was known to have lived in Montana. The skulls were excavated by Wulliam Melton of the University of Montana Geology Department from a cavern that has primitive Indian drawings at its opening. 'It will add to what we know of the very late Pleistocene era.,' Melton said. The bear skull, parts of it as brittle as cha=ed paper, was brought out of the cave only after it was given several coats of shellac. Portions of it shattered, but Melton is reconstructing them. The skulls might never have been .found had it not been for a year of drought in the Northwest. The water level dropped, disclosing a narrow tunnel coursing downward in an o.ften e:icplored cavern, then leadirJG u.pward to the chamber where the skulls were found."

SAN FRAUCISCO SUNDAY EXAMINER AND CHRONICLE, 10/30/77 •

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NATIONW'IDE RESERVOIR INUN1lATION STUilY UNDERWAY

The Southwest Cultural Resources Center of the National Park Service is the coordinating body for a multi-phase study designed to determine the effects of freshwater irrundation upon archeological sites. It is jointly funded by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, Bureau of Reclamation, Soil Conserva­tion Service and the National Park Service. The focus of the National Reservoir Irrundation Study is the examination of sites during periods of drawdown, prior to inundation and while flooded, to assess the impacts on data-retrieval potential; the degree of preservation or destruction of archeological remains; and the efficacy of salvage operations versus direct protective measures.

This program has been undertaken to provide agencies involved in land-alteration activities with procedures that will facilitate their land-managing functions in areas where impoundments now exist or are currently being planned. Decisions relating to cultural remains, whether they result in long-term protection, mitigation of adverse impacts, or a combination of procedures mu.st be based upon thoroughly documented and researched scientific data, rather than upon educated guesses as to how sites are affected once they have been immersed.

The goal of the National Reservoir Inundation Study is to develop management-oriented guidelines for cultural resources, which will provide the additional information needed to deal intelligently with cultural remains affected by Federal projects, or on Federal lands where the primary impacts will result or currently result from irrundation, and enable managers to remain in full compliance with extant environmental legislation. The results of this study will also provide involved agencies and archeologists with a greater understanding of the resource and a set of alternatives to the question­able techniques of traditional salvage archeology.

The Inundation Study has moved into its second year of operation and project archeologists have recently completed the Preliminary Report of the National Reservoir Irrundation Study which details the research design to be implemented over the next 3 years. The report outlines a series of testable hypotheses, which are aimed at developing a body of knowledge regarding specific impacts, both adverse and beneficial, upon the data-bearing components and physical integrity of archeological sites. Guidelines for data-collection and site-preparation, designed specifically to test inundation impacts, are included in this document. Information on pro­tective measures and general predictions on their efficacy are also provided, although the emphasis of the study thus far has been on determining the nature of the impact--a necessary first step before providing comprehensive mitigation procedures.

The Inundation Study ersonnel have also com­pleted an annotated bibliography which contains over 250 references to freshwater inundation and related topics. It is entitled, The Effects of Freshwater Inundation of Archeological Sites Through Reservoir Construction: A Literature Search.

Individuals in various areas of the country are currently involved in the on-going research and are implementing many of the field testing procedures outlined in the Preliminary Report. In the states of California, Oregon, Washington, Arizona and Idaho studies are either in progress or in the planning stages. Any information that is available regarding inundation impacts or on-going research being con­ducted in reservoir areas, due to the current drought and drawdown or in preparation for initial closing, would be a-,iprecfa.ted.

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Requests for copies of the above-mentioned reports or information relating to immdation impacts should be sent to National Reservoir Irrundation Study, Southwest Cultural Resou.."'Ces Center, P.O. Box 728, Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501.

TONI CARRELL 11/77

ON C14 DATES AND CULTURAL RESOURCE MANAGEJo!ENT

Roberta Greenwood's recent call for the publication of C14 dates in the SCA Newsletter (October 1977) is excellent, since it would allow archaeologists throughout the state to better appreciate the testing and mitigation efforts which are being carried out in a variety of locations. ~ne publication of C14 dates would also reaffirm our basic research commitment, and it-emphasizes the need for well-controlled absolute dating in the ma.king of significance statements. Most government agencies require absolute dating as a regular part of testing programs, and many private developers can easily be convinced of their usefulness if presented with well-reasoned arguments. Even a limited testiI11< proRTalll utilizing one to two test pits at_ a_ site with a budget of $1000 should involve C14 or obsidian hydration dating, since they increase our ability to make accurate statements about the importance and condition of the site. They can also result in important theoretical and chronological advances. The following C14 dates were taken from six sites which were tested and one site which was salvaged in Santa Clara County during the past year.

608

609

621

622

618

620 619 623

551

584

552

537

538

SCL 64 (test)

Location

Almaden V. Valley

SCL 128 (salvage) Holiday Inn site in

SCL 224 (test)

SCL 137 (test)

SCL 246 (test)

SCL 52 (test)

SCL 223 (test)

San Jose

Upper Llagas Valley Canoas Creek San Jose Upper Llaga.s Valley

" 1111 "

"

rate (B.P.)

6590 + 200 (basal layer) 1840 + 100 (next-to bottom layer) 1700 + 110 (midden) 1350 + 110 (midden) 1300 + 100 (buri'i°l) 635 ±. 100(oven) 330 + 90 (oven) 250 + 90 (abalone shell) 1575 + 100 (midden) 980 + 100 (midden) 795 + 100 (midden) 630 + 100 (midden) 380 + 100 (midden)

JOE WINTER 11/16/77

NOTE FROM THE EDITOR CONCERNING C14 LISTINGS:

Please send in a short account of the context and importance of the dated materials when you send in radiocarbon date listings, so that readers can have a better idea of their meaning and significance •

MARCIA WIRE

A PROGRESS REPORT ON CALIFORNIA PARKS & PRESERVES

In late September, the Na.tu.re Conservancy announced its intention to purchase 90% of Santa Cruz Island, located off the coast of Santa Jlarba.ra and well known for its exceptional archaeological values. The Nature Conservancy is a 60-year-old environmental group specializing in the acquisition of natural areas throutlh private donations. Conservancy representatives indicated that they had obtained an option to purchase after negotiations with the present owner. The Conser­vancy and· the present owner will jointly manage the island, with complete title reverting to the Conservancy within 30 years. Federal purchase of the island has also been proposed in a bill by Rep. Anthony Beilenson (D-Cal) which would expand Channel Islands National Monument and link it to a Santa Mor.ica MOUlltains National Seachore. The Conservancy agreeniti'nt makes no provision for eventual annexation into the National Park system (Loa !ngeles Times, 9/30/77).

Meanwhile, the Santa Monica Mountains, after 20 years of promotion by conservationists and several government a.,gencies, have become one of the hottest Federal park prospects in the country. Passage of Beilenson•s proposal for a national park and seashore is predicted in some form by Congress next year. In its present form, Beilenson1 s bill would establish the Channel Islands and Santa Monica Mountains National Park and Seashore. Al though no acreage figure is specified in the bill, it has been estimated that 30,000 to 40 1 000 acres would be acqnired on the ma.inland using $100 million authorized by the bill. Another $50 million would be used to acquire Santa Cruz and Santa Rosa Islands. The National Park would also incorporate Malibu Creek, Topanga and Point Mugu state parks. With the combined federal acquisitions and state parks, the total mainland acreage could reach 70,000 acres.

California Republican Congressmen Goldwater and Lagomarsino have introduced their own pro-posal for a National Santa Monica Urban Park which would require matching funding by state and local governments. The urban park would not be managed by the National Park Service but by a local park commission. With the Nature Conservancy's action to acquire and preserve Santa Cruz island, some of the urgency for Federal protection of the Channel Islands has been removed, and that element of Beilenson•s bill which proposes an expansion of Federal ownership in the Channel Islands will probably be eliminated. In fact, Congres'Sman Phillip llu.rton (D-Cal) has indicated that "the islands will have to be handled on a separate basis. The Santa Monica national park proposal faces a possible obstacle from the state of California, however. While supporting the park concept, Resources secretary Huey Johnston has indicated that the state my insist that compensation for state park lands included in the National Park must be made, either in cash or in the form of a land trade. Johnston insists that such compensa­tion woul.d result in additional parklands for southern Californians through further state acquisitions (Los A.ngeles Times, 10/6/77)

With respect to the state park system, Russell Cahill testified October 31st before an Assembly parks committee which wanted to know what is ho holding up a long list of park projects, some authorized as long ago as the 1960•s. In fact, the legislative analyst's office said the depart­ment has a backlog of about 90 projects worth

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$194 million. The 1977-78 program involves an additional $107 million. Cahill told the committee that the bureaucratic maze is so complex that the state has trouble buying land for parks~even with legislative approval and the money. He was parti­cularly critical of being required to get the approval of the State Public Works Board and said the parks department, and not the state Department of General Services, should buy park land {Los Angeles Times, (11/2/77). -

In July a bill expanding Redwood National Park by 48,000 acres and giving the Secretary of Interior jurisdiction over logging outside the park was successfully steered out of the House Interior Subcommittee on national parks. By October, how­ever, the House bill had been stalled by labor lobbyists who had gone directly to the Speaker of the House and asked that the bill be kept from reaching the f1opr for a vote. Meanwhile, Sena tor Cranston (D-Cal) promised to push the Carte-r admin­istration1 s Redwood Park bill he sponsored in the Senate (Los !ngeles Times, 7/27/77 1 10/6/77).

In October, "a program to review nearly 68 million acres of national forest land for possible inclusion in the government's national wilderness system was announced in Albuquerque by Rupert Culter, assistant agricultre secretary.. Culter said previous "piecemeal" policies of designating wilderness areas~which are kept free of activities such as lumbering--have not been satisfactory. Culter promised that the public will be made "a full partner" in each step of the new selection process an_d recommendations on which areas should be proposed for wilderness status and those which no longer sho-uld be considered will be made public by December, 1978." (Los A.ngeles Times, 10/6/77)."

CLYDE KUHN 11 /14/77

1978 FIELDWORK OPPORTUNITIES BIJLLJ?I'IN

The 1978 Fieldwork Opportunities Bulletin of the Archaeological Institute of America will be available in January 1978. The Bulletin covers programs in the u.s. and abroad, includill€ oppor­tunities for volunteers, staff positions, field schools and general information. Send orders prepaid to Archaeological Institute of America, 260 West Broadway, New York, N.Y. 10013. Price: AIA members $1, non-members $3.

For further information contact:

ELIZAJJETH A. WHTTEF!EA.D 11/77 ~neral Secretary, ilA

TEX;HNIQUES OF ARC!IAEX)LOGICAL Ex:CAVATION BOOK

A new book by Philip Barker, University of Birmingham, England, Techniques of Archaeolop;ical Excavation (280 pp., 80 photos, $15.00 + 10"/o postage and handling charges) is available from Universe Books, 381 Park Avenue South, New York, N.Y. 10016 at a discount over its listed price of 318.50.

The book gives a history of excavation methods from Pitt Rivers to the present, describes the stages and processes involved in excavation, including discussion of "horizontal" as well as "vertical" excavation methods, contrasts and similarities between "rescue anrr research excavation" and discusses site safety. The second half of the book "considers the meaning of excavated evidence and its synthesis into a history, however partial, of the site and the role of experimental archaeology."

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Legislation 1977 Ll'&ISLATIVE REPORT FOR THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL COMMUNITY

By DEAN GAUMER & CLYDE KUHN

The first part of the 1977-78 session of the California Legislature recessed at midnight on September 15th after approving, rejecting and indefinitely delaying action on a rrumber of el!V'ironmental quality, heritage preservation and archaeological bills.

Assembly Bills

~was sponsored by John Knox (D-11th District) on December 6 to prohibit any state agency from permitting archaeological excavation of a Native American burial ground abandoned for less than two hundred years until the Legislature has acted upon a report of the Native American Heritage Commission containing the findings of the Commission on Native American sacred places on public lands, unless the bu:rial site will be disturbed by an authorized public works or public utility project and the governing council of the Native Americans concerned gives its permission. After passage in the Assembly on Dec. 7, the bill was refe=ed to the Senate Governmental Organiza­tion Committee where, after amendment, it failed in second hearing.

AB 817 was introduced by Ba=y Keene (D-2nd Dist.) and coauthored by Senator Behr, on March 8 to delete the phrase "in a burial park" in the definition of a grave; to make it a misdemeanor to dig, take, or ca=y away from any parcel of public or private land, known or reasonably should be known to be a Native American Indian bu.rial site any sea.rth, soil or stone without the license of the owner or legal occupant; prohibit such action in connection with artifacts and human bone; and to increase the amount of fine to $5,000. After passage in the Assembly on June 23, the bill was re-referred to the Senate Committee on Judicia.:rJ after amendment and third hearing on August 25th.

AB 962, introduced by Vic Fazio (D-4th District) on March 16, would appropriate funds for deposit in a Park, Open Space and Historical Lands and Facilities Loan Account for emergency loans to cities, countires, regional park districts, and recreation and park districts from the Department of Parks and Recreation for the acquisition of park, open space, and historical lands and facilities. After consideration and approval by the Committee on Water, Parks and Wildlife, the bill was re­referred to the Ways and Means Committee where it remained in suspense at the time of recess.

AB 1948, introduced by Victor Calvo (D-21st District), would specify that nothing in the California Public Records Act shall require the disclosure of records disclosing locations of significant archaeological sites, as defined by regulations adopted by the State Historic Preservation Officer, except with respect to "bon. fide" persons, groups, or institu­tions as determined by that office. After first reading on May 12, the bill was referred to the Judiciary Committee.

AB 1977, introduced on May 25 by Assemblymen Maddy1 Hart, Kapiloff and Suitt with Senators Rains and Stull as coauthors, was for an appropriation for the state park system, including the acquisition of Ahwa.h.~ee Roundhouse constructed by local

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Southern Miwok and Clrukchansi Yokuts (Madera. County), a ceremonial site known as the Bear Tu.nee Property significant to the Mai.du people (Lassen County), and land adjacent to El Presidio de Santa Barba.re. State Historic Park, was passed and sent to .. the Senate on June 23, where it failed in Fina.nee Committee (although with the possibility of recon-

, sideration granted).

The Assembly also considered a number of bills relating to environmental qua.li ty. Some Of'tiioae bills are noted below.

~was introduced by Richard Robinson (D-72nd District) on February 14 to pe:rmit a public agency to make the finding that changes or alterations necessary for carrying out a project for 'Which an EIR has been prepared are within the responsibility and jurisdiction of another agency, if that ~ncy dete:rmines that another public agency could more appropriately exercise jurisdiction. ':the bill would also require, instead cf the finding t:ha.t specific economic, social or other c'onsiderationa make unfeasible the mitigation measures or project alternatives identified in the EIR, a finding that such considerations make the mitigation measures or project alternatives which achieve substantially the same objectives of the project, identi.fied in the EIR, not feasible. The bill additionally proposes to revise legislative findings a.nd declaration as to when projects should be approved as proposed and as to the purpose of EIRs and to extend the pro­visions of existing law pertaining to the functioning of a "responsible" agency as opposed to f'unctions as a "lead" agency. This bill was in.Resoo.:roes, Land Use and Energy Committee at the time the Legislature recessed.

Speaker Leo McCarthy (D-18th District) carried Governor Brown's "Dow Chemical" inspired ~ to a 7Q-() vote approval in the last minute flurr,r of action prior to recess. AB 884 significantly revises existing law governing CEQA review and authorization by public agencies of development projects. The bill, among other things, specifically defines "developinent project;" requires any public agency that is the lead agency for a development p project to approve or deny such projects within one year from the date on which an application request­ing approval has been received; establishes speci­fied time limits for approval or disapproval of development projects by any public agency 'Which is a responsible agency, as fefined by CEQA; specifies that failure to act within the required time limits shall be deemed approval of the development project; requires each state agency by June 30, 1978, to compile lists which shall specify in detail the inf o:rma.tion which will be required from a:n:y appli­cant for a development project; requires the Of.fice of Planning and Research to the maximum extent feasible, tc consolidate hearings where a project requires approval by more than one agency; requires 1 in the case of projects involving the issuance of a lease, permit, licenae, certificate, or other

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SCA NEWS

DISTRICT 06 BIBLI(X;RA.PHY AVAIL.ABLE

Dudley Varner reports that District 06 now has available a bibliography on EIRs completed, as of September 1, 1977.

CORRECTION ON CLEARINGHOUSE SPLIT

The editor erred in stating in the October 1977 Newsletter (page 11) that Charles Dills will be Clearinghouse Coordinator of the new SCA District 15 in San Luis Obispo County. Dills is the State Regional Officer rather than coordinator.

Robert Hoover will be Clearinghoiise Coordinator for District 15. He has been serving with Michael Glassow to coordinate the combined San Luis Obispo­Santa :Barbara County district. Glassow continues as Coordinator for the Santa Barbara clearinghouse.

SCA ElCE'.mTIVE BOARD MEm'ING MINUTES October 21, 197?, Berkeley

Present: Joe Winter, Paul Chace, Dave Fredrickson, Nancy Walter, Clyde Kuhn, John Parker, Rob Jackson, Jay Flaherty, Linda King, Chester King, Steve Stoddard, Roger Werner, G. Fenenga.

1. Nominations/Elections -COlllJlli ttee: Russ Kaldenberg from Southern California and Ed Kandler from Northern California are forming and working on th.e Nominations/Elections Committee for 1978-1979 for SCA officers.

2. Erw!ronmental Affairs Committee: Joe Winter has received a letter of resignation from Paul Hampson as committee chairman. Those who are interested should contact the board as soon as possible <j.bout this chairmanship.

Joe Winter has sent a letter of concern to the EPA (with copies to SOPA and SAA) asking for peer review by an established archaeological/anthropo­logical organization. The Executive Board had felt that SCA needed to respond to the apparent lack of implementation of proper federal guidelines on the North Shore Wastewater project in San Francisco. Joe sent a similar letter to express SCA concern regarding the Casa Diablo project in Mono County.

Paul Chace reported on I-15. The project has now been approved with a slight redesign which means no sites will be damaged although some will be covered by fill.

Clyde Kuhn reported on Caso Hot Springs, within the China Lake Naval Weapons Center. The process of placing the Hot Springs on.the National Register proceeded smoothly until it was ready to leave the state level. The nomination is in Washington, but meeting great pressure from the Navy to kill the nomination. Clyde Kuhn reported on Boggs Mountain in Lake County on which the new Native American Heritage Commission is taking action. Clyde also

11

reported on the status of the Geothermal Plant in Imperial County. It appears that there was no inventory of all cultural resources as per 36CFHBOO requirements. Clyde requested that SCA start to develop a policy to deal with all geothermal activities.

Nancy Walter reported on the status of the Encino Village site that Northridge Archaeological Research Center had been working on with regard to compliance. The City of Loe Angeles and the developer are now in the process of putting the site up for bid and will comply with the wishes of NA.RC as well as the local Indian conmanity as a clari.fi­cation of the extent of cultural resources is determined.

Mendocino County needs to tietiten its EIR procedures in order to follow CEQA go.idelines. In a recent case, the Board of Superrl.sors nr.bber-­stamped an EIR.which did not include an archaeo­logical survey of the site (See nevs etor;r).

3. Publications COlllD.ittee: Joe Winter reported that Gary Breschini is working on a series o.f Cultural Resource Papers as well as a 'l'heoretical series. Paul Chace is de.ferring his report.for publication until a later time.

4. Directory: There was lengthy discussion concerning the role of SOPA and a directory o.f archaeological consultants. Some members of the Executive Board and others who were present felt that SCA should phase out directory publication as SOPA begins to expand and refine theirs. Others felt that SCA has an obligation to continue pub­lishing a listing of archaeologists a't'&ilable for consulting. While this matter renains to be con­tinued at some length, pla.DJi are under way for what may be the last SCA Directory. A mailing is being planned as well as notices in the Newsletter asking for all who want to be in this next edition to mail in the necessary material along rlth an $8.00 .fee to cover costs. The contents rlll be narrower and more refined and levels of competence spelled out. The new application forms are in print and will be sent to all members o.f the current Directory and all SCA members.

During the discussion it was pointed out that no matter where we are trained, there are limits to our ability to identify a site. An example was given of a site containing burials which two very competent California archaeologists (at various times in the past) had said was not a site, yet it later was shown to be an extensive site. Dis­cussion then centered on the process of education which archaeologists receive. What can we who are educators do? The educational role of all anthro­pologists/archaeologists is crucial!

5. Other Committees: Mary Brown sent a report on the Legal Affairs Committee via Paul Chace. She has been copying all available material that per-­tains to various legislation, ordinances, regula­tions, etc. There is hope that a budget allotment of some kind can be worked out to cover the cost o.f file folders,· postage, xerox, ~tc. Users of the

• "'A county road passes a few feet from the sites.

It is impossible to hidethe prehistoric art work.•

"Thousands of the mysterious carvings cover rock outcroppings and bluffs,

"The rocks are inscribed with circles, dots, sun discs, spirals, wavy lines, triangles, zigzags, bird, animal and human tracss, sheep, deer, snakes, human figures and many-legged insect designs. When the symbols were carved remains a mystery.

"Many believe the petroglyphs marked ancient huntin.g trails, that the carvings were part of a ritual to insure the success of the hunt,

"Some Indians believe the carvings were made by Water Baby, a supernatural being, or by coyotes and other animals 'when they were men,•

"Mrs. Shippentower told of the anguish ofher people on hearing stories about how' some have' . chipped a'Way the ancient carvings and carted them off to mount them in their homes,

"The petroglyphs are no longer on Indian-owned land. They are on government land administered by the BLM. Two of the sites were recently enclosed by 5-foot-high wire fsnces.

''Mrs. Shlppentower is chairwoman of Ta Numuna Anagoona--the Paiute :Burial Protection Society.

"'We formed the organization to protect our ancestral burial grounds, to protect the petro­glyphs,1 she explained.

"She told how many Indian graves in the area have been desecrated in recent years.

"'People think Indians are different than they are. They think we have no feelings. Someone dug up the remains of my great-grandfather "Who died in 1930 and my uncle who died in 1938, dug them up out of the family plot in an Indian cemetery ••• •

"The Indians and BLM officials are tryin.g to work out a program to better protect the petroglyphs. A new brochure is being prepared with great emphasis placed on the religious importance of the prehistoric a.rt to present-day Indians.

":Ct is to be published and distributed only after receiving the approval of Paiute leaders.

"Indians have suggested that the Paiutes patrol the prehistoric a.rt sites, that the Paiutes be all allowed to run guided tours to the petroglyphs and that non-Indians be permitted into the area only­when accompanied by Indians,

"It is too early to tell what the final outcome will be."

LOS ANGELl!S TIMm 4/19/77 Part 2. pages 1-2 and 11/15/77, Part 2, page 14

soc(._ 01fORllA mffAEOlOGI §~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ . RllHOli.lL EDITORS; •

The Society for California Archaeology, Inc. is a non-profit scientific and educational organization dedicated to promoting the interests of California archaeology. All statements in the Newsletter, published five or six times a year, do not necessarily reflect the opinion of the SCA unless said statements are signed by the Society's President and Executive Committee. All other statements are the opinions of the Editorial Staff or of the person(s) and/or organizations whose name appears below each statement.

SCA OFFICERS

President: Joseph c. \llinter, Six Rivera National Forest, 710 E. Street, Eu.reka, CA 95501

t Vice President, Southern California: Michael Glassow,

UC-Santa :Barbara, CA 95106

Vice President, Northern California: David A, Fredr~ckson, California State College, Sonoma, CA

President-Elect: Paul G. Chace, 1823 Kenora Drive, Escondido, CA 92027

Secretary: Nancy P, Walter, 17048 SUnburst, Northridge, CA 91325

Treasurer: Jane Gothold, 10-121 Pounds Avem.le, Whittier, CA 9060)

• EDITORIAL STAFF

~: Marcia Wire, Dept. of Anthropology, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA 95192

San Die&>; Ron May, 6044 Estelle St., San Diego,92115 Los Apeles: Nancy P. \llalter, 17048 Sunbii.rst,

Northridge, CA 91325 ~: Russell L. Kai<ieiilierg, 031.:aa:rBtaw Rd., Ba.rstav,

CA 92311. San Joaquin Valley: Robert A. Schiffman, Depa.:rtaent

of Anthropology, lla.k:ersfield College, :Bakersfield, CA 93305. s. Central Coast: 'Robert L. Hoover, Soc.Sci..Department, Calif.P ·c State u.,San Luis Obispo, Ca 93407

ASSOCIATE : Avocational: rt Anderson, 2176 FoxwortiJT

Avenue. San Jose, CA 95124 Geology: David \lleide, Dept. of Geology, University

of Nevada., Las Vega.a, NV 89109 Historic A=haeolog:r: Paul J,F. Schumacher, 200

Pinehill Road, Hillsbor~, CA 94010

BUSINESS OFFICE

:Business Office Ma.naejer: Susan \llright,. SCA Business Office, Department of Anthropology, California State University, Fullerton, CA 92634

M.EMBERSHIP

Dues are tax-deductible and are paid on a calendar year basis:

Regu.lar Member Student Member Institutional Membership

SCHENK ARCHIVES

115.00 t 6.oo t20.oo

Schenk Archives, Treganza Museum, San Francisco State University, San Francisco, CA 94132,

Politic1 &

AN ARCHAEOLOGICAL ODYSSEY IV: WITHER TEE ANTIQUITIES ACT?

Enforcement Problems

Much attention has been directed in some circles toward "improving" the American Antiquities Act of 1906 (P,L, 59-209) in light of a court case in which the act was overturned in appeal as "fatally vague." Other incidents have been cited as emphasizing the "present dangerous legal situation" with respect to enforcing the act {see in particular pp. 15-17 of the Airlie House Report issued this year by the SAA). Mostly administrative cures have been sugges­ted by Federal legal authorities in the form of remedial language rul.emaking which would "define crucial terms in the Antiquities Act." How drastic­ally Federal authorities propose to "improve" the Antiquities Act is best demonstrated, however, by a new interpretation of the intent of the act.

Interpretive Chanp;es

The April 1977 issue of the National Park . Service's Office of Archeology and Historic Preserva­tion newsletter .1.!.22l features an article by Charles McKinney of the Interagency Archeological Services. In this article McKinney suggests that the permitting authority of the Antiquities Act was intended by Congress to apply only to archaeological resources or to paleontological specimens located within a cultural context. This interpretation would invali­date current administrative practice which require paleontological field investigations to be ':"1b~e:ted to Federal permit authorization and, more s1g:ru.f1-cantly, would remove protection of vertebrate paleon­tological fossil specimens located on Federally administered lands from the provisions of the act.

According to McKinney, policy changes are in progress on the Federal level focusing upon the control of vertebrate paleontological field investi­gations occurring under the authority of various Federal land management agencies. The legal basis of any new regulation would be separate from the Antiquities Act, and the Bureau of Land Management (BU!.) is envisioned as the lead agency responsible for developing a comprehensive collecting permit program for paleontological resources with the assistance of the paleontological community.

In spite of the intensity with which Federal authorities have argued that the Antiquities Act is unenforceable and in spite of how convincingly they narrow the act's applicability to only cultural remains and paleontological remains in a cultu:ra.1 context, the recent case of the "Old vomann meteorite has seriously eroded the credi­bility of their reasoning and once again demon­strates Federal inconsistency in the application and enf'orcement of cultural resource statutes and regulatio:os.

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Arcnaeolog~ BY CLYDE KUHN

A Meteorite as "Antiquity"

In 1976 prospectors discovered a three foot by four foot iron meteorite weighing 6,070 pounds in the Old Woman Mountains southeast of Cadiz, California. The meteorite is the second largest ever found in the United States. The prospectors filed a claim for the land on which the meteorite had landed and notified the Smithsonian Institution of the find. By June 18th of this year, the Smithsonian's curator of meteor­ites was on hand as a Marine helicopter lifted the meteor out of the mountains for temporary display at the BI..~•s Riverside District Office prior to transportation to the Smithsonian where it was to be "sliced up and studied." Federal authorities justified the expropriation, inte::astir"61Y enough, on the basis of the Antiquities Act, "passed to prevent plunder of relics from government land" (apparently not all Federal offices read the NPS .1.1.22.l newsletter). Meanwhile, the prospectors filed for a restraining order with U.S. District Court to bar removal of the meteorite from southern California until they had been compensated, By June 29th, however, the court declined to grant the restraining order, upholding the government's assertion of entitlement to the meteor "as an American 'antiquity'".

The meteorite, however, remained on display rather than being immediately transported to the Smithsonian, eventually ending up at the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History by the end of July. By that time, State Attorney General Evelle Younger filed suit in Superior Court

• invoking a state statute on unique natural resouxces in an attempt to keep the meteorite in California rather than have it shipped to the Smithsonian. Although the Superior Court refused to grant a restraining order ba=ing removal because of uncertainty over legal jurisdiction, a u.s. District judge did issue a temporary restraining order on July 21st, acting on a request filed by San Bernardino County.

By September 7, California's Senator Cranston announced that Interior Secretary Andrus had decided to grant custody of the meteorite to California, while the Federal government retained title. At the same time the Los Angeles County Museum of Natural History and the San Bernardino County Museum were competing for custody. By mid-October, however, the "Old woma.n" meteorite was languishing in Federal hands at the BLM1s llarstow way Station, while the miners who had made the original discovery teasingly announced the existence of a larger, 3-ton meteorite named "Squaw Tom," "originally discovered in 1927 and only recently analyzed for authenticity." The prospectors said they were keeping the exact location of the meteorite secret because of the ownership controvery generated over the "Old Woman" meteor (above information obtained from the Modesto Bee, 6/17, 6/18/77; the San Francisco Sunday E::m.ininer and Chronicle, 6/19/77; Los An8eles Times, 6/30, • 7/~1, 7/22, 9/8 and 10/11/77; .and a BLM Riverside District Uffice news release, n..d.).

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Implications

Does this ~lightly amusing and unquestionably curious tale have a moral?

There is 1 first of all, no little irony in the fact that the Smithsonian and BLM justified seizing the meteorite under the Antiquities Act in order to prevent it from being sold for jewelry by the pros­pectors, only so that it could be sliced up and studied for science. While the Antiquities Act clearly expresses a Federal intent to preserve American antiquities and to pe:rinit scientific study provided such study leads to an increase in knowledge and "pe:rinanent preservation," it does not express a blanket authority to procure or . condemn such antiquities in the interest of science, which was clearly the case in the "Old Woman" situa­tion. It hardly seems consistent with the act, moreover, to conduct the recovery of "very important scientific material" in order to preserve it from unauthorized removal when in fact this material was still located on Federally administered land and when the purpose of recovery was solely scientific study and not permanent preservation. Clearly, one of the problems with the Antiquities Act would seem to be abuse on the part of Federal authorities in its application!

One may also wonder if the Federal authorities bothered to demonstrate NEPA compliance prior to the removal of the meteorite. In other words, were the impacts of removing the meteorite from its terrestrial resting place assessed? Didn't removal compromise its scientific integrity? As an aside, it is interesting to note that existing regulations for the Antiquities Act specify that no pe:i:mit will be granted for the removal of any "ancient monument or structure" which can be permanently preserved in situ (and thereby remain an object of interest) under the control of the United States.

Equally important, this incident demonstrates that the Antiquities Act is quite enforceable, when enforcement is convenient for the Federal authorities. Federal attorneys would seem to have had no difficulty in successfully arguing for the removal of the meteorite from southern California and establishing Federal ownership under the authori­ty of the Antiquities Act before a Federal court in spite of the doubtful applicability of the a.ct in this case. In short, ample institutional support is forthcoming for the act when sufficient political pressure is applied at the appropriate level of the Federal establishment. Difficulties encountered in getting the a.ct enforced under normal situations can too often be attributed to the unwillingness, inability or timorousness of local Federal authorities to carry through on legitimate complaints ma.de against artifact collectors or other curio seekers who have been systematically plundering cultural resources on public land over the seventy-year life history of the act.

In fact, Federal authorities often justify not taking action on such complaints with politically motivated rationalizations, the best known of which must undoubtedly be those which suggest that a stronger case is needed, or that the judge may be an artifact collector and therefore unsympa­thetic to enforcement and so nwhy risk compro­mising the a.ct with an unfavorable decision?" The fa.ct; moreover, that taking action would upset the normal routine of the bureaucracy, a prospect repellent to administrators, is an additional non-political deterrent to enforcement.

15

Because Federal land management agencies have been so timid in enforcing the act and inept in prosecuting violations, the real effectiveness of the law has never been demonstrated. This is undoubtedly one of the unvoiced principal reasons why questions as to its protective scope and intent are now being raised. In fact, fear of an unfavo:v­able decision is one of the explicit reasons given for not appealing the most serious adverse inter­pretations of the act to the Supreme Court. Instead of advocating more vigorous application of the a.ct in order to clarify its authority, a commitment has been made to maintain the current indeterminacy. Somehow it doesn't seem logical to preserve the integrity of a law through failing to enforce i tl

The "Old Woman" incident also demonstrates that the Antiquities Act can be used to justify the preservation of more than cultural remains and paleontological specimens located in a cultural context, if it is convenient for the Federal authorities to make such an interpretation. Federal arguments about the legislative intent of the Antiquities Act as applying only to "archeological resources and paleontological specimens in a cultural context," as expressed in McKinney's article, are 9retty vell demolished by the actiona cf th~ EI.~ and the Smithsonian with respect to the meteorite, which by no stretch of the ima.gination can be classified as cultural in origin or a human anti­quity. Clearly, another of the problems vith the Antiquities Act would seem to be the inconsistency of Federal authorities in its application!

The latest Federal interpretation of the act, as expressed in McKinney's article, can also be criticized as too narrov. There are, in fact, innumerable non-<:mltu:ral features and objects, including vertebrate, invertebrate, pa.leobotanical remains, stratigraphic records, land.form remnants, geomorphologic a.:nd existing biogeographic features which ma.y not be in direct cultural association, but which are nevertheless essential to underst&nding past human activity and are consequently important elements of the cultural past. While not derzying the need for new Federal legislation directed specifically toward preserving vertebrate, inverte­brate and botanical paleontological remains as well as other natural features of human interest, such as meteorites, for their own sake, as objects of scientific relevance to human a.ntiqui ty many such features would seem to be already protected under the encompassing language of the Antiquities Act.

It would appear, therefore, that impending changes in the application and enforce111ent of the Antiquities Act by Federal authorities are likely, but may not altogether be the most appropriate resolution of Antiquities Act ambiguities. In fa.ct, changing Federal posture toward the Antiquities Act may be interpreted as a convenient political excuse for not enforcing a strict law in a meaning­ful. manner and as ~n attempt to rationalize the ineptitude and fa· ··re of 70 yea.rs o.f non-en:f'orce­ment just as much as it can be interpreted as a response to inherent flaws in the la.rigua.ge of the act.

CLYDE KIJllJ,l' 11/14/77

(Upcoming, Part II of the Geothe:anal Interim Report, and an article on the new Federal Heritage Administration)

ORANGE COUNTY HIRES ARCHAEOLOGICAL PLAlrnER

•Robert Sel;my III will start to work on Decem­ber 5th as Cultural and Scientific Resources Manager for Orange County. This position was created as a result of the joint proposal by PCAS (Pacific Coast .A:ixha.eological Society} and the Natural History Foundation of ()-range County for an archaeologist to review EIR's and to watch over sites endangered by construction. After the position was approved by the County Supervisors, a task force was appointed to evaluate the cultural resources of the county and make appropriate recommendations to ensure their protection. Dr. Keith Dixon and Roger Desautels served as archaeological advisors on this task force, and Dr. John Cooper served as paleontological advisor. Members of the County Staff and individuals from the building industry were also represented on the task force. The task force ~nerated a lengthy document which included a proposed policy for handling these resources. The County Supervisors accepted the document for filing and established the policy. One result of the policy was to unfreeze a position of Planner III, which will now be occupied by Mr. Selway.

"Mr. Selway received his Master of Arts degree in History/Archaeology from the University of California at Riverside and has worked at the State Office of Historic Preservation in Sacra~ento.

"As a further result of the above-mentioned policy, the County has established an official list of certified archaeologists, who may work as "Principal Investigators" in the preparation of archaeological elements of EIR's for the County. At present, the list include9 M. Cottrell, Dr. D. Van Ro:rne, N. Whitney, C. Drover, Dr. G. Rice, :pr. G. Stickel, (DrJ R. Greenwood, c. Cameron, J. ~adlock, P. Chace~·R. Carrico, and Dr. P. Ezell. (Since this article was written, R. Desautels has been added to the list by the Planning Commission). A similar list of paleontologists has been approved.

"The or:l.ginal PCAS/NHF proposal also recommended the hiring of a Mus.sum Curator in the Natural History fields, with particular concern for the archaeology and paleontology of the County. The Supervisors approved this recommendation, but froze the position until the task force on Cultural and Scientific Resources had completed their study and a policy had been approved. Subsequent developments of various causes have further delayed the filling of this position.

"A Museum Symposium was held last May under the sponsorship of the Orange County Historical Commission, the Natural History Foundation of Orange County, Archaeological Research, Inc., and the Museum of North Orange County. An 11-man task force was chosen by the 23 groups in attendance which, if approved by the County Supervisors, will address the needs for the establishment of a Museum of Natural History for the County. Meanwhile, a 5,000 square foot warehouse has been allocated as a repository for fossils and artifacts from within the County. PCAS has been delegated the responsilility, by the Natural History Foundation, to appoint a qualified volunteer to serve as interim curator for the archaeo­logical collections stored at the warehouse. It appears that the position of Museum Curator originally approved by the County may be broadened in scope.

LAURA LEE MITCHELL, in Smoke Signa.ls, Pacific Coast Archaeological Society news­letter, 1.2/77, page 3

16

NEW RE:;IONAL AND ASSOCIATE NEWSLE';:'T'Ert EDITORS

We would like to welcome several new members to the SCA Newsletter staff:

Joan Hellen, Sacramento Valley Regional Editor P.O • .Box 453 • Davis, CA 95616

Wendy Van Du.sen, North Coast Regional Editor 343 Keller Street, #4 Petaluma, CA 94952

Dean Gaumer, Legislation P.O. Box 69 Davis, CA 95616

Clyde Kuhn, Politics and Archaeology 2207 Carroll Street, Apt. 3 Oakland, CA 94606

If SCA members or others have materials to submit which can be incorporated in the regional or topical columns of these new editors, please mail them directly to them at the addresses above. If, on the other hand, you have articles, clippings, or other information which is lengthy, or is perh.3.ps an indi7iduz.l contributic~ which you would like to have appear as such, you may mail it directly to the Newsletter editor, Marcia Wire, Department of Anthropology, San Jose State Univ., San Jose 95192.

NEW PUBLICATION

. "Ghost Towns and Mining Camps: Selected Papers is a new book from the Preservation Press of the National Trust for Historic Preservation. The book focuses on methods of preserving a..~d interpreting ghost towns through planning, legal tools such as historic district ordinances, and proper conserva­tion techniques. Among the towns discussed is Eadie, which i'J.ouxished in 1859. Copies of this publication can be ordered at $4.00 from the Preservation .Bookshop, National Trust, 740-748 Jackson Place, N.W., Washir.gton, D.C. 20006."

CALIFORNIA HISTORICAL COURIER 7/77

PHILANTHROPE GIVES UP ON PEKING MAN

."Bai_iker Ch~istopher Janus said [on October 27th) he is withdrawing his $150 1000 reward for informa­t~on leading to the missing Peking }fan fossils after his four-year search produced marriage offers death t~ats and chicken bones-but few leads. Ja.:ru.s said the hunt cost him more than #200,000 and took him on search missions through faux continents

•

The fossils, thought to be at least 500 000 ye~rs o~d and considered priceless by anthrop~logists, disappeared after US Marines took them into custody ~ear Peking at the start of World War II. .Besides informatio~ offered in response to his reward offer, Janus received faux marriage proposals, several job offers, three death threats, numerous requests for loans and an invitation to appear in a deodorant • connnereial."

SAN FRANCISCO SUNDAY EXAMINER AN1J CHRONICLE 10/23/77

• MEMBERSHIP 1977

David Abrams Cosumnes River College 8401 Center Parkway Sacramento, CA 95823

Evan F. Acker Dept. of Anthropology Univ. of Nevada · Las Vegas, NV 89109

Margaret Adams 153 El Monte Ventura, CA 93003

Paul V .... ~ .. iellc 31650 Pitsch Canyon Malibu, CA 90265

Paul Eugene Amaroli 2810 Laguna Road Santa Rosa, CA 95401

Michael S. Anderson 401 E. Mariposa Redlands, CA 92373

•

obert J. Anderson 178 Foxworthy Ave.

San Jose, CA 95124

Stephen B. Andrews 2801 S. "H" St. , #30 Bakersfield, CA 93304

William C. Appleby 1708 Gladys Ave. Long Beach, CA 90804

Michele C. Aubry Dept. of Anthropology University of California Riverside, CA 92502

Nicole Ann Bailey 11133 Dell Ave. Forestville, CA 95436

Suzanne Baker 1464 La Playa #105 San Francisco, CA 94122

Michael G. Baksh 2571 Midvale Ave. Los Angeles, CA 90064

Mary Alice Baldwin 36 2 5 Curtis St. San Diego, CA 92106

Barbara J. Balen Route 2, Box 559

.onora, CA 95370

NOTICE: Use of this membership list for commercial or promotional purposes is prohibited without prior written permission from the Society for California Archaeology, c/o Department of Anthropology, California State College, Fullerton, CA 92634.

Keith Ball 155 Central Avenue San Francisco, CA 94117

Patty L. Baratti 965 E. Cottage Grove Ave. #17 Las Vegas, NV 89109

James C. Bard 2399 Prospect St. #3 Berkeley, CA 94704

Leo Raoul Barker 644 Clayton Street San Francisco, CA 94117

Henry 0. Bass 1308 Mt. Ida Road Oroville, CA 95965

Stephen T. Bass 2508 Diamond Court Bakersfield, CA 93304

JoAnn M. Baxter Box 1034 Weaverville, CA 96093

Yolande S. Beard 1275 Hudson Ave. P. 0. Box 16 St. Helena, CA 94574

William C. Beatty, Jr. Dept. of Anthr apology California State University Fresno, CA 93710

Roberta Becker 1032 West Norwich Fresno, CA 93705

Robert S. Begole 722 North Pine St. Anaheim, CA 92805

Daniel A. Bell 2838 Claire Ct. Sacramento, CA 95821

James A. Bennyhoff 258 Collins St. , #2 San Francisco, CA 94118

Vance G. Bente 1629 Veteran #6 Los Angeles, CA 90024

Judy A. Berryman 1336 Oakdale Ave. El Cajon, CA 92021

Stanley R. Berryman 1336 Oakdale Ave. El Cajon, CA 92021

Larry L. Bowles 12451 Vivienda Colton, CA 92324

Virginia G. Bickford Michael V. Boynton 4841 Heil Ave., No. 40 Mendocino National Forest Huntington Beach, CA 92649 420 E. Laurel St.

Barbara J. Biggs 2098 N. Marter Ave. Simi Valley, CA 93065

Patricia M. Bikai 4 Commodore Dr. Emeryville, c ... ~ .. 94608

Jeffrey C. Bingham 5868 Pavo St. Long Beach, CA 90808

Jeanne D. Binning 810 D Prescott Way Riverside, CA 92507

Charles W. Black 708 Mills Ave. Modesto, CA 95350

Thomas Black 475 Gravilla Street La Jolla, CA 92037

Thomas C. Blackburn 527 Clark Ave. Claremont, CA 91711

Melinda K. Blade 466 "I" Avenue Coronado, CA 92118

Ruth Blank 255 S. Rengstorff Ave. #42 Mountain View, CA 94040

Dana Bleitz 707 W. Hellman Ave. Alhambra, CA 91803

Ann Bloch 7911 Maynard Ave. Canoga Park, CA 91304

Bruce C. Bolinger 1500 4th St., #15 Sacramento, CA 95814

John C. Borcher 1063 Dolores St. San Francisco, CA 94110

Deborah Marie Bowers 5541 Newcastle Ave. #3 Encino, CA 91316

Willows, CA 95988

John Patrick Brady P. 0. Box 1328 Twain Harte, CA 95383

Yvonne Lorraine Brady 1677 Spence SL Simi, CA 93065

Joan E. Brandoff 2745 Las Encinas West Santa Barbara, CA 93105

Donald Branscomb P. 0. Box 1813 Clearlake Highlands, CA 95422

Gary S. Breschini 37"9 Corral de Tierra Salinas, CA 93901

Christina Brewer 1495 Regatta Rd. Laguna Beach, CA 92 651

Frederick L. Briuer 8439 Barnsley Ave. Los Angeles, CA 90045

Sylvia M. Broadbent Dept. of Anthropology University of California Riverside, CA 92502

James P. Brock 1520 Ruth Lane Newport Beach, CA 92660

William H. Brock, Jr. 20- l 7th Ave. , #2 Venice, CA 90291

Lee Brown 13376 Hildegarde Riverside, CA 92508

Mary A. Brown 5437 Central Ave. River side, CA 92504

Debby Bryan 2617 Garfield Ave. Carmichael, CA 95608

Charles Bull 3316 Adam, No. 19 San Diego, CA 92116

Colin Irnre Busby 4001 Fruitvale Ave. Oakland, CA 94602

Constance Carner on 14602 Montevideo Dr. Whittier, CA 90605

Donald G. Campbell

Matthew R. Clark Box 652 El Granada, CA 94018

A. B. Clayton clo Environment Section Dept. of Transportation P. 0, Box 1352 Fresno, CA 93715

Emma Lou Davis 1236 Concord St. San Diego, CA 92106

Guanda M. Dusette 1078 Via Los Padres Santa Barbara, CA 93111

Dennis E. Davison Yvonne ~vf. Duvernet 315 Wildwood Drive 17238 Chatsworth St. S. San Francisco, CA 94080 Granada Hills, CA 91344

Donna Anne Day 6923 Owensmouth Canoga Park, CA 91303

Ike Eastvold 541 Prospect Highgrove, CA 92507

625 Everitt Memorial Hgwy. Mt. Shasta, CA 96067

Michael P. Claytor 470 High St. Auburn, CA 95603

Joy Clevenger

Sandy Day 7902 Lake Andrita Ave. San Diego, CA 92119

William Eckhardt 1027 23rd Street San Diego, CA 92102

R. J. Cantwell 4315 W. Whitendale Visalia, CA 93270

Anne M. Carlson 82 Beaver St. San Francisco, CA 94114

Jack Carpenter 5120 Prather A Richmond, CA 94805

Toni Carr ell c/o Natl. Park Service P.-0. Box 728

2874 Westhaven Dr. Anaheim, CA 92804

Stanley E. Clewett 929 Hawley Rd. Redding, CA 9600 1

C. William Clewlow, Jr. Archaeological Survey University of California Los Angeles, CA 90024

Helen Clough 1400 Calcutta #125 Bakersfield, CA 93307

Roger J. Desautels 711 W. 17th St., A-9 Costa Mesa, CA 92627

D. Stephen Dibble 2002 #2 E. Fairway Orange, CA 92666

Linda E. Dick 238 W. Swift Clovis, CA 93612

Bob Edberg 1125 Wilson Dr. Simi Valley, CA 93065

Mary Edgecomb 1209 W. St. Andrews Pl. Santa Ana, CA 92707

Robert L. Edwards Department of Anthropolcg y Cabrillo College 6500 Soquel Ave. Aptos, CA 95003

Santa Fe, New Mexico 87501 Donald E. Clutter, II

Lee A. DiGregorio 2856 Westhaven Dr. Anaheim, CA 92804 Gail D. Egolf

Route 1, Box 84 MacDoel, CA 96058 Richard L. Carrico

2562 Ridgeview Dr. San Diego, CA 92105

Robert Cartier De Anza College Cupertino, CA 95014

A.G. Caruso 817-C W. 4th Ave. Chico, CA 95926

Shirlee Ceniceros 1250 Cypress Ln. Lemoore, CA 93245

Paul G. Chace 1823 Kenora Dr. Escondido, CA 92027

Franklin G. Chapel, Jr. 9671 '1C" Vlestrninster Garden Grove, CA 92644

David Chavez 457 Edgewood Ave. Mill Valley, CA 94941

Allan L. Childers 1400 39thAve. #1 San Francisco, CA

Don D. Christensen 2568 Yale Place

94122

Costa Mesa, CA 92626

Andrew L. Christenson Dept. of Anthropology University of California Los Angeles, CA 90024

19641 Roderick Lane Charles E. Dills Huntington Beach, CA 92046 1371 Avalon St.

Mandy Cole 624 Poppy Ave. Corona Del Mar, CA 92625

San Luis Obispo,

KE:ith A. Dixon 2902 Angler Lane

CA 93401

Jack C. Collins Los Alamitos, CA 90720

5822 Meadowbrook Dr. Joseph E. Doctor Huntington Beach, CA 92649 P. O. Box 33

Exeter, CA 93221

Ernestine S. Elster One Westwind Venice, CA 90291

Rollin 0. Enfield Rt. 2, Box 150-A Bishop, CA 93514

Suzanne J. Engl er 4638 Saltillo St. Marilyn G. Colombo

4714Adams Ave. San Diego, CA 92115

Alice E. Doidge Woodland Hills, CA 91364

Julia G. Costello 316-1/2 W. Micheltorena Santa Barbara, CA 93109

Steven Craig P. 0. Box 617 Goleta, CA 93017

Michael K. Crist 1335 W. Harvard Fresno, CA 93705

Kevin Darvell 10 1 Colgan Ave. Sp. 11 Santa Rosa, CA 95404

John Norman Datto USS Goldsborough DDG-20 FPO San Francisco

9f6(J

1

Charles A. Davis 239 Pollasky Clovis, CA 93612

*Marie G. Cottrell 2702 S. Rosewood Santa Ana, CA 92707

110-1:/2 S. Salinas St. Santa Barbara, CA 93103

P. L. Doll 12531 Edieth Garden Grove, CA 92641

James Datta 2470 Wyndham Redding, CA 9600 1

Ronald D. Douglas 5105 Tango Circle Anaheim, CA 92805

Meredith L. Dreiss Box 507 Inverness, CA 94937

John T. Erp 1 720 Zinnia Lane San Jose, CA 95124

William S. Evans, Jr. 628 Eleventh St. Manhattan Beach, CA ~~

1v1ary Ellen Farley 924 Kennedy Drive Capitola, CA 95010

Micki Farley 101 N. Jessica #118 Tucson, AZ 85710

Nancy Farrell P. 0. Box 305

90266

Patricia J. Duff 49 Carl

Forest Falls, CA 92339

San Francisco, CA 94117 Glenn J. Farris

Helene R. Dunbar 2500 Dana, Apt. 8 Berkeley, CA 94704

Interagency Archaeological Serv. National Park Service Gary R. Fink P. 0. Box 36063 4319 Copeland, San Francisco, CA 94102 San Diego, CA

#1 92105

18

•

•

•

• Jay Flaherty 1817W. Fountain Way Fresno, CA 93705

Katherine S. Flynn 104 Harbor Dr. Novato, CA 94947

Dr. John C. Ford Miracosta College 1 Baynard Dr. Oceanside, CA 92054

Amy E. foster P. 0. Box 3768 Chico, CA 95926

John W. Foster 7921 Archer Fair Oaks, CA 95628

David A. Fredrickson 1940 Parker St. Berkeley, CA 94704

:t,,J'"ancy French 330 W. Sierra Ave. Cotati, CA 94928

John Fritz Department of Anthropology State Univ. of New York Binghamton, NY 13901

Dennis Gallegos 80 Highland Ave. Manhattan Beach, CA 90266

•

Richard Gangursky 7754 Aldea Van Nuys, CA 91401

Anne Ganley 1987 Radford Ave. Claremont, CA 91711

Michael C. Gardner P. 0. Box 800 Rosemead, CA 91770

Alan Garfinkel 675 Alvarado, #28 Davis, CA 95616

Gerald R. Gates 7749 Reseda Blvd. #5 Reseda, CA 91335

Bert A. Gerow Department of Anthropology Stanford University Stanford, CA 9430 5

Diane P. Gifford 12.:'. Rincons, Apt. M Santa Cruz, CA 95060

Michael A. Glassow Department of Anthropology University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106

•

Karen Glikman 45 Sunview Drive San Francisco, CA 94131

Mary Gormly 714 W. Washington St. Alhambra, CA 91801

Barbara Gorrell 2020 Tenth St. Berkeley, CA 94710

Jane R. S. Gothold 10121 Pounds Ave. Whittier, CA 90603

* Roberta S. Greenwood 725 Jacon Way Pacific Palisades, CA90272

David E. Griffin, Jr. Department of Anthropology University of Missouri Columbia, MO 65201

Gordon L. Grosscup Department of Anthropology Wayne State University Detroit, Michigan 48202

Karl Gurcke Department of Anthropology University of Idaho Moscow, ID 83843

Ted Gutman 4101 Stansbury Ave. Sherman Oaks, CA 91423

Arda Haenszel 1382-A Genevieve San Bernardino, CA 92405

Mary Carolyn E. Hale 329 S. Pine St. Nevada City, CA 95959

Barbara Ann Hall 1028 Wilmington Way Redwood City, CA 94062

Dorothy H. Hall 521 W. Maryland, #1 Phoenix, AZ 85013

James E. Hall 839 Carolina St. Imperial Beach, CA 92032

Stephen R. Hammond 3425 Fairmont Blvd. Apt. 8 River side, CA 92501

Robert P. Hampson 1203 Anzio St. Crescent City, CA 95531

. - -- -----·----

Lori L. Haney 15415 Starbuck Whittier, CA 90603

Melvin J. Hatley 2204 - 52nd St. San Diego, CA 92105

Trudy Haversat Route 1, Box 496 Pullman, Washington 99163

David Hearle 1750 Sherry Lane #2 Santa Ana, CA 92701

James Heid 123 Kent Ave. #7 Kentfield, CA 94904

J. Larry Heinzen P. 0. Box 2286 Santa Barbara, CA 93120

Joan E. Hellen P. 0. Box 543 Davis, CA 95616

Winfield Henn Shasta-Trinity Natl. Forest 6543 Holiday Dr. Redding, CA 96001

Sara L. Henninger 305 Bellevue Ave. Redlands, CA 92373

Jennifer Ann Henson 1701 Jennings Madera, CA 93637

Gregory H. Henton P. 0. Box 3083 Chico, CA 95927

Patricia A. Hicks 3056 Forbes Ave. Santa Clara, CA 95051

Janet Hightower 742 Munevar Cardiff, CA 92007

Dorothv J. Hill P. 0. Box 3278 Chico, CA 95926

James D. Hill, III 8647 Fiona Way Santee, CA 92071

Katherine L. Hill 2608 3rd St. Santa Monica, CA 90405

John Hitchcock Box 864 Project City, CA 96079

Robert Hitchcock 1115 Emerald Bay Laguna Beach, CA 92651

19

Jerald J. Holland P. 0. Box 1314 Quincy, CA 95971

John Holson P. 0. Box 794 Sausalito, CA 94965

Robert L. Hoover 1144 Buchan St. San Luis Obispo, CA 93401

Steven Horne 42 Aero Camino Goleta, CA 93017

Jerry B. Howard 21931 Kiowa Lane Huntington Beach, CA 92646

Maj. David T. Howe 13695 Thunderbird Dr. Riverside, CA 92508

Sheila Hubbard 572 Eriar~ .. vcod Ventura, CA 93003

D. Travis Hudson 622. Burtis St. Santa Barbara, CA 93111

Jack G. Hunter 728 W. 37th St. San Pedro, CA 90731

Ken Hutchison 14314 Burbank Blvd. # 111 Van Nuys, CA 91401

Rob Jackson 10140 Torrance Ave. San Jose, CA 95127

Diane Jacobs 196 Canyon Road Newbery Park, CA 91320

Ralph Jacobs 1147 Brown #102 Fresno, CA 93704

C. D. James III P. 0. Box 1266 Quincy, CA 95971

Kathleen A. James 3014 Lazy Meadow Dr. Torrance, CA 90505

Steve R. James P. 0. Box 8763 Salt Lake City, UT 84108

Garth S. Jeffers 6681 River side Dr. Redding, CA 9600 1

Peter M. Jensen Dept. of Anthropology California State University Chico, CA 95926

Beth A. Jersey 2207 Carroll St. , Apt. 3 Oakland, CA 94606

Patricia J ertber g 250 Beal Ave. Placentia, CA 92670

Donald P. Jewell 5816 Kenneth Ave. Fair Oaks, CA 95628

Chester D. King 1089 Broadway San Jose, CA 95125

Linda King Dept. of Anthropology West Valley College Saratoga, CA 95070

Mrs. 0. W. King 35 Teasdale St.

Avelino M. Legaspi 1415 Lexington Dr. #3 San Jose, CA 9 5 11 7

A. Jane Lenker 920 Ontario Escondido, CA 92025

Richard E. Markley Route 5, Box 239-B Chico, CA 95926

Susan N. Mart • D-10 Koshland Way Santa Cruz, CA 95064

Darrell R. Johns Thousand Oaks, CA 91360

N. Nelson Leonard III Star Route, Box 21 Forest Falls, CA 92339

Patricia Martz No. 1 Songsparrow Irvine, CA 92 714

7031 Sutter Ave. Carmichael, CA 95608

Andrea Johns on 7631 Bothwell Reseda, CA 91335

Boma Johnson 650 N. Imperial Brawley, CA 92227

Jo Anne Kipps 2614 Dana Berkeley, CA 94704

Stephen N. Kischell P. 0. Box 846 Laguna Beach, CA 92652

Albert Knight

Keith L. Johnson Department of Anthropology California State University Chico, CA 95926

6850 El Colegio Road Goleta, CA 93017

Lavinia C. Knight 809 N. Richman Ave. Fullerton, CA 92632

Patricia H. Johnston 8395 Bluff Road Banning, CA 92220

Terry Jones 131 Nevada St. Santa Cruz, CA 95060

Marcia C. Jourdane 303 Moosehead Dr. Aptos, CA 95003

Thomas G. Jourdane 303 Moosehead Dr. Aptos, CA 95003

Russell L. Kaldenberg 831 Barstow Road Barstow, CA 92311

Edward Kandler 2626-3 Ashby Ave. Berkeley, CA 94705

Suzanne Keitzer 1886 48th Ave. San Francisco, CA 94122

Lyle A. Kenney Drawer AN Ventura, CA 93001

Timothy M. Keorns 98 54 Shoshone Northridge, CA 92025

Donna Mae Kerrigan 2022 Sand Hill Road Menlo Park, CA 94028

Ann G. King 13128 Occidental Road Sebastropol, CA 95472

Orton L. Knutson 2013 Fantero Ave. Escondido, CA 92025

Henry C. Koerper 632 Chipwood St. Orange, CA 92669

Makoto Kowta Dept. of Anthropology California State University Chico, CA 95926

Jean F. Krase 2750 Bordeaux Ave. La Jolla, CA 92037

George Kirtzman 1350 Journey's End Dr. La Canada, CA 91011

Clyde E. Kuhn 2207 Carroll St. , Apt. 3 Oakland, CA 94606

Osamo Kunemoto 1205 S. Ivy Monrovia, CA 91016

Paul E. Langenwalter II 3364 Utah Riverside, CA 92502

Mara K. Larson 454 Weldon Ave. Oakland, CA 94610

Thomas N. Layton Dept. of Anthropology California State College 1000 E. Victoria St. Dominguez Hills, CA 90747

Georgia Lee 102 Calle Palo Colorado Santa Barbara, CA 93105

T. J. Maxwell 3268 Luther Ave.

Richard N. Lerner 2335 Stuart St. Berkeley, CA 94705 Thousand Oaks, CA 91360

Leslie Lewis 2115IStreet Sacramento, CA 95816

Vicki Lewis 397 Calle Montecito Oceanside, CA 92054

Ronald V. May 6044 Estelle St. San Diego, CA 92115

Randy Mayers 6022 Merriewood Dr. Oakland, CA 94611

Alexander J. Lindsay, Jr. Deborah Jean McCall Museum of Northern Arizona P. 0. Box 1933 Route 4, Box 720 Chico, CA. 95926 Flags tafi, AZ. 8600 1

Susan G. Lindstrom 129 Cement Hill Road Nevada City, CA 95959

Pamela Loomis 2546 Davis Ave. Carlsbad, CA 92008

Ann Loose 5745 Ives Pl. Riverside, CA 92506

Robert Lopez 267 Petit Ventura, CA 93003

Christopher E. Love 264 Hokona Zia UNM Albuquerque, N. M. 87131

Joanne MacGregor-Hanifan 3030 Loma Linda Dr. Bakersfield, CA 93305

Michael E. Macko 733 Elkus Walk No. 202 Goleta, CA 93017

John L. Maddock P.O. Box 293 Orange, CA 92666

John P. Maguire 15110 Talbot Dr. La Mirada, CA 90638

Deedra A. Malies 2331 Newcastle Ave. Cardiff, CA 92007

James P. Manning P. 0. Box 1865 Chico, CA 95927

Ellen L. 1'.1.cCann c Io Walter 17048 Sunburst Northridge, CA 91325

Richard McCarty 4386 Escondido, Apt. 15 Las Vegas, NV 89109

Kevin G. McCormick 800 E. 23rd St. Merced, CA 95340

Lucille McCown 1 725 Catalina Ave. Seal Beach, CA 90740

Elizabeth A. McCrary 2825 Tilden Ave. Los Angeles, CA 90064

Charlotte A. McGowan 10101 Sierra Vista Ave. La Mesa, CA 92041

Allan J. Mcintyre 3310 Mosscreek Lane San Jose, CA 95121

Michael J. Mcintyre 18530 Nordhoff St. Northridge, CA 91324

Denise H. McLemore 1119 Del Sol Pl. , A pt. A Redding, CA 9600 1

Steven R. Mc Williams 72892 Gloriana Dr. Palm Desert, CA 92260

Dove Menkes 2286 Loma Alta Drive Fullerton, CA 92633

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Donald P. Miller 1125 Woodside Rd. Berkeley, CA 94708

• Donald S. Miller U.S. Forest Service 630 Sansome St. San Francisco, CA 94111

George R. Miller 1404 Henry Street Berkeley, CA 94709

Kathleen Ann Miller 4400 Briggs Ave. Montrose, CA 91020

Rick Minor Department of Anthropology University of Oregon Eugene, OR "97403

Herbert L. Minshall 4409 New Hampshire St. San Diego, CA 92116

Laura Lee Mitchell 19522 Sierra Canon Irvine, CA 92664

Margaret G, Molarsky P. 0. Box 286 Ross, CA 94957

Virginia Monk 690 19th Ave. San Francisco, CA 94121

Berta C. Moratto

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5373 Linda Lane Santa Rosa, CA 95404

Michael J. Moratto Depa.rtment of Anthropology San Francisco State Univ. San Francisco, CA 94132

Marge Morin 2499 Royal Oak Escondido, CA 92027

Joseph W. Morris 147-A Venetian Rd. Aptos, CA 95003

Madonna Moss Department of Anthropology University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93017

Lynne H. Mounday 912-3 Acosta Plaza Salinas, CA 93901

James F. Muche P. 0. Box 8505 San Marino, CA 91108

John L. Mulder 666 Loma Avenue Long Beach, CA 90814

Jeanne Munoz 7159 Coralite St.

.Long Beach, CA 90808

Marin K. Murta ucsc Box 64-6-381, Kresge Coll. Santa Cruz, CA 95064

Dan Nelson 2108 Mendota Way San Jose, CA 95122

Don Nelson 1680 W. Tedmar, #38 Anaheim, CA 92804

Pamela Nesbet 15450 Pepper Lane Saratoga, CA 95070

Mary Frances Nissen 1716 Arbutus St. Anaheim, CA 92805

Richard H. Norwood 4158 Swift Ave. San Diego, CA 92104

Janis Offermann 55 William Street Cotati, CA 949za

William H. Olsen 6225 Samoa Way Carmichael, CA 95608

Rita Olson

Dr. Allan Pastron Dept. of Sociology/Anthro. Univ. of Santa Clara Santa Clara, CA 95053

Billy J. Peck 3035 W. Mesa Fresno, CA 93711

Joel S. Peck 2330 Malcolm Los Angeles, CA 90064

Robert L. Pence Dept. of Anthropology Pierce College 6201 Winnetka Ave. Woodland Hills, CA 91364

Lorann S. A. Pendleton 925 Katella St. Laguna Beach, CA 92651

Michael W. Pendleton 5062 Englewood Dr. San Jose, CA 95129

Rene K. Peron 331 Florence St. Sebastopol, CA 95472

Robert Perry 111-1/2 3rd Street Seal Beach, CA 90740

20975 Valley Green Dr., Cupertino, CA 95014

#293

Dennis H. O'Neil Archaeological Cert. Frog. Palomar College San Marcos, CA 92069

Thomas M. Origer

Linda Pfeiffer 771 Juniper, F Goleta, CA 93017

Arthur D. Pheland, Sr. 649 Stewart St. Fort Bragg, CA 95437

2855 Old Gravenstein Hwy. S. Christopher Pierce Sebastopol, CA 95472 20900 Comanche Tr.

Robert I. Orlins 39 First St. Woodland, CA 95695

Phil C. Orr Western Speleological Inst. 797 Ashley Rd. Santa Barbara, CA 93103

Douglas Osborne 3442 Rowena Dr. Los Alamitos, CA 90720

Milt Palmer 2972 Calle Grande Las Vegas, NV 89121

Carolyn J. Panlaqui Route 2, Box 75 Ridgecrest, CA 93555

Mary C. Paquin 174 Arrow Lane Felton, CA 95018

Marian Parks 233 Morning Canyon Rd. Corona del Mar, CA 92625

Los Gatos, CA 95030

James F. 721 W. Ave. Lancaster, CA 93534

Michael R. Polk P. 0. Box 215 E. Lansing, MI 48823

Sala Ponnech 1316 W. Commonwealth Fullerton, CA 92633

Bonnie Duffy Poswell 825 Treehouse Lane Sacramento, CA 95825

Martha Powers 2405 Corning St., #15 Los Angeles, CA 90034

Adrian Praetzellis P. 0. Box 131 Ely, Nevada 89301

William E. Pritchard P. 0. Box 1084 Sacramento, CA 95805

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Dennis K. Quillen 1620 Neal Dow #3 Chico, CA 95926

James P. Quinn 6516 Country Club - A Rohnert Park, CA 94928

Jo Rainie 27475 Hesperian Blvd. #103 Hayward; CA 94545

John A. Rauschkolb II 821 Bayside Ct. Novato, CA 94947

Pam Reed 661 E. San Carlos Fresno, CA 93710

Linda Anne Reynolds 2065 Greenwood San Carlos, CA 94070

Belinda A. Rich 9202 Sepulveda Blvd. #8 Sepulveda, CA 91343

Nancy Ridgway 465 N. June St. Los Angeles, CA 90004

Pete Edward Riley 137 N. Stanford, Apt. C Fullerton, CA 92631

Sara Rinck 458 Rustic Dr. Los Angeles, CA 90065

Eric W. Ritter 1115 Le Conte Dr. Riverside, CA 92507

Larry D. Roberts 555 Vallombrosa Ave. Apt. 87 Chico, CA 95926

Phyllis J. Robertson 114 E. San Gabriel, #1 San Clemente, CA 92672

L.A. Robinson Box 103 Big Creek, CA 93605

Roger Robinson 4812 West Ave. #M-4 Quartz Hill, CA 93534

James T. Roe'!<: 418 S. Oregon St. Yreka, CA 96097

George P. Rodgers 27475 Hesperian, 103 Hayward, CA 94545

William G. Roop 37 Havenwood Road Novato, CA 94947

Paula E. Rosa 1758 N. 9th Laramie, Wyo. 82070

Martin D. Rosen P. 0. Box 5310 Santa Monica, CA 9040 5

Martin Rosenson 33144 Lake Garrison Fremont, CA 94536

Charles E. Rozaire 900 W. Exposition Blvd. Los Angeles, CA 90007

Mark Rudo 225 Ewing Terrace San Francisco, CA 94118

Russell G. Ruhlen P. 0. Box 472 San Mateo, CA 94401

Leslie Rumph P.O. Box 3 El Verano, CA

Mary Rusco

95433

Nevada State Museum Carson City, NV 89701

Michael P. Sampson P. 0. Box 488 Feather Falls, CA 95940

Rae Schwaderer Timber Cove Jenner, CA 95450

Dr. Philip Seff

David R. Stuart 3550 S. Harlan, #168 Denver, Colo. 80235

Joseph E. Bonadiman-Assoc. 1265 Kendall Drive

Virginia L. Stuemke 601 E. Sycamore Orange, CA 92666

San Bernardino, CA 92407

William D. Self Box 422 June Lake, CA 93529

Felicia G. Shinnamon 134 Acacia Ave. Napa, CA 94558

Karen L. Shirley 18024 Schoenborn, No. 4 Northridge, CA 91324

Michael P. Simmons Department of Anthro. California State College San Bernardino, CA 92407

Clay A. Singer 830-1/2 Bay St. Santa Monica, CA

Charles R. Smith 609 Santa Ray Av. Oakland, CA 94610

90405

Gary Stumpf 8258 Verbena Riverside, CA 92504

Judy Suchey Dept. of Anthropology Calif. State University Fullerton, CA 92634

Martha Sullenberger 500 Linden, Box 372 Riverside, CA 92507

Elaine M. Sundahl P. 0. Box 278 Summit City, CA 96089

Carol I. Sutton 2823 Cherry St. Berkeley, CA 94705

Mark Q. Sutton 42310 - 55th w Quartz Hill, CA 93534 Sharon Satterwhite

4592 E. Sierra MadFe, Fresno, CA 93726

Apt. B James D. Swenson Route 3, Box 633 Thermal, CA 92274 Judi Sayler

70 Byxbee San Francisco, CA 94132

Robert A. Schiffman Department of Anthro. Bakersfield College 1801 Panorama Drive Bakersfield, CA 93305

Allan J. Schilz 4029 E. 6th St. Long Beach, CA 90814

Celt M. Schira 826 Cypress Hermosa Beach, CA 90254

Gerald A. Smith 2024 Orange Tree Lane Redlands, CA 92373

Helen C. Smith 260 Brentwood St. Costa Mesa, CA 92627

Mary H. Smith 388 Carrera Dr. Mill Valley, CA 94941

LeRoy Snyder, Jr. 1457 W. Browning Fresno, CA 93711

Laurence W. Spanne 250 San Pasqual Rd. Lompoc, CA 93436

Joyce L. Schmidt Michele L. Stam

Marilyn K. Swift P. 0. Box 1625 Los Gatos, CA 95030

Jean Tadlock 135 S. Myrtle Ave. Tustin, CA 92680

W. Lewis Tadlock 135 S. Myrtle Ave. Tustin, CA 92.680

Joseph A. Tainter Dept. of Anthropology Univ. of New Mexico Albuquerque, NM 87131

1076 Triunfo Canv:on Rd. 704 Granite St. Westlake Village: CA 91361 Pacific Grove, CA 93950

Sonia Tamez 135 9th Ave. San Francisco, CA 94118

George L. Schneider P. 0. Box 26592 Tempe, AZ 85282

Paul J. F. Schumacher 200 Pinehill Rd. Hillsborough, CA 940 10

Terrance J. Schuster 3335 Broadway Long Beach, CA 90803

Robert L. Schuyler Dept. of Anthropology City College Convent Ave. & W. l38th St. New York, NY 10031

Jeri Ann Star kw ea ther 3509 N. Maple Fresno, CA 93726

Eugene A. Stelzer 215 N. La Sena St. West Covina, CA 91790

Terry Stinnett 16163 Skyline Blvd. Los Gatos, CA 95030

Steven E. Stoddard 407 Eastman Lane #7 Petaluma, CA 94952

Donald Storm P. 0. Box 552 Oregon House, CA 95962

Louis J. Tartaglia 1022 N. Genesee Ave. #3 Los. Angeles, CA 90046

Janet E. Townsend P. 0. Box 671 :&orrego Springs, CA 92004

Mrs. Adan E. Treganza 385 Asilomar Blvd. Pacific Grove, CA 93950

Leo J. Trombatore Dept. of Transportation P. 0. Box 911 Marysville, CA 95901

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Donald R. Tuohy Curator of Anthropology Nevada State Museum Carson City, NV 89701

Sharon F. Urban Arizona State Museum Univ. of Arizona Tucson, AZ 85721

Mark Vallier 377-D Western Dr. Santa Cruz, CA 95060

Wendy E. Van Dusen 343 Keller St. #4 Petaluma, CA 94952

Dudley M. Varner 5289 N. Fisher Fresno, C~ 9_3710

Gary R. Varner 4034 Mira Verde Oceanside, CA 92054

Sheila J. Vaughan 1514 Pacific Las Vegas, NV 89-104

William T. Venner Box 215 Baker, CA 92309

Wendy Ann Waldron 13158 Pam Lane Lakeside, CA 92040

Nancy Peterson Walter 1 7048 Sunburst Northridge, CA 91325

Gerald G. Walters 1077 Cherry #I Long Beach, CA 90804

Austen D. Warburton 790 Locust St. Santa Clara, CA 95050

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• G. Frederick Warn, Dist. 11 Dept. of Transportation 4075 Taylor St. San Diego, CA 92110

Claude N. Warren Dept. of Anthropology University of Nevada Las Vegas, NV 89154

Richard A. Weaver 3528 Lemon- St. , Apt. C Riverside, CA 92501

Jamie L. Webb Small College California State College Dominguez Hills, CA 90246

Margaret L. Weide Department of Anthropology University of Nevada Las Vegas, NV 89154

Gay Weinberger 16210 Mustang Dr. Porterville, CA 93257 •

Marshall Weisler 44-115 San Luis Avenue Palm Desert, CA 92260

•elen Wells 609 - 14th St.

Santa Monica, CA 90405

Roger Werner 3890 Peteluma Hill Rd. Santa Rosa, CA

Lester 0. White Rt. 1 , Box 2 1 9 Willows, CA 95988

Janice L. Whitlow 12969 Regan Lane Saratoga, CA 95070

Brian P. Wickstrom P. 0. Box 276 Hilmar, CA 95324

Larry Wilcoxon Dept. of Anthropology University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106

R. K. Williams 7006 Renkrib Ave. San Diego, CA 92119

Charlotte M. Willits 3346 Kansas Ave. Riverside, CA 92507

Fanchon Wilson 135 N. Anita· Ave. Los Angeles, CA 90049

Kenneth L. Wilson P. 0. Box 7 Carmichael, CA 95608

• seph C. Winter

x Rivers Natl. Forest 710 E. Street Eureka, CA 95501

Marcia V. V. Wire 15533 Kavin Lane Monte Sereno, CA 95030

Joseph R. Wise 5121 University Ave. Santa Barbara, CA 93111

Deborah Wolfe 811 Murchison Dr. Millbrae, CA 94030

W. E. Wollen 9510 Tan Oak Way Salinas, CA 93901

Mrs. Olive Wollesen Box 184 Lockwood, CA 93932

Wallace B. Woolfenden Stanislaus Natl. Forest 17 5 South Fairview Ln. Sonora, CA 95370

Anne Woosley Dept. of Anthropology San Jose State University San Jose, CA 95192

Donald G. Wren 1131 E. Indianapolis Fresno, CA 93704

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san C. Wright O 1 Wallace Ave.

ullerton, CA 92631

John D. Zachry 2114 E. Peralta Way Fresno, CA 93703

Jack Zahniser 2928 Wellesley Ct. Fullerton, CA 92631

Institutions Antelope Valley Arch. Soc. P. 0. Box 1774 Lancaster, CA 93534

Anthropology Laboratory Dept. of Anthro. Calif. State Coll. Sonoma 1801 E. Cotati Ave. Rohnert Park, CA 94928

Arch. Consult. & Research 1838 Pine Flat Road Santa Cruz, CA 95060

Archaeological Survey Asn. of Southern Calif.

P. 0. Box 516 LaVerne, CA 91750

Kern Co. Archaeo. Soc. Box 6743

-Bakersfield, CA 93306

L. S. B. Leakey Foundation Beckman Lab. Rm. 6 Calif. Inst. of Technology Pasadena, CA 91125

Historical Division Los Angeles Public Libr. 630 W. 5th St. Los Angeles, CA 90071

Merritt College Prehistory Anthropology Museum

c/o Maurice Wolfe, Dir. 12500 Campus Drive Oakland, CA 94619

:Miwok Arch. Preserve of Marin, Inc.--

2255 Las Gallinas Ave. San Rafael, CA 94903

Mojave-Sierra Arch. Society c/o Maturango Museum P. 0. Box 1776 Ridgecrest, CA 93555

Arizona Arch. Center Natl. Park Service Div. P. 0. Box 49008 of Historic Preserva. Tucson, AZ 85717 450 Golden Gate Ave.

Bureau of Land Management Box 36063 333 S. Waterman Ave. San Francisco, CA 94102 El Centro, CA 92243

Cabrillo College Library 6500 Soquel Drive Aptos, CA 95003

Northridge Arch. Res. Ctr. Dept. of Anthropology 18lI1 Nordhoff St. Northridge, CA 91330

Ca. St. Dept. of Parks & Rec. Pacific Coast Arch. Soc. History Preservation Sec. P.O. Box 926 P.O. Box 2390 Costa Mesa, CA 92627 Sacramento, CA 9 5811

Calif. State Library Periodicals Section Sacramento, CA 95809

Library California State University Sacramento, CA

Colorado R. Indian Tribes Museum

Route 1, Box 23B Parker, AZ 85344

Serials Hecords Dwight B. Waldo Library Western Mich. University Kalamazoo, MI 49008

Earth Science Department Los Angeles City College 855 N. Vermont Ave. Los Angeles, CA 90029

Fresno Co. Arch. Society 1944 N. Winery Ave. Fresno, CA 93703

Allan Hancock Coll. Libr. 800 S. College Drive Santa Maria, CA 93454

I. V. C. Museum Society 442 Main St. El Centro, CA 92243

Ibero-Amerikanisches Inst. Preussischer Kulturbesitz Potsdamer Str. 37 1000 Berlin 30

Peabody Museum Library Harvard University Cambridge, Mass. 02138

Rick Engineering Co. 5620 Friars Road San Diego, CA 92110

Riverside Arch. Society P. 0. Box 5072 Riverside, CA 92507

Riverside Municipal Museum 3 7 20 Orange St. Riverside, CA 92501

Co. of San Bernardino Mus. 2024 Orange Tree Lane Redlands, CA 92373

San Diego Co. Arch. Soc. P. 0. Box 187 Encinitas, CA 92024

San Diego Museum of Man Scientific Library 1350 El Prado, Balboa Pk. San Diego, CA 92101

San Luis Obispo Co. Archaeological Soc.

P. 0. Box 109 San Luis Obispo, CA 93401

Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History

2559 Puesta Del Sol Santa Barbara, CA 93105

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Co. of Santa Barbara Office of Environmental Quality

105 Anapamu Street Santa Barbara, CA 93101

Santa Barbara Trust for Historic Preservation

P. 0. Box 1262 Santa Barbara, CA 93102

State Water Resources Control Board

P.O. Box 100 Sacramento, CA 9 580 1

Serials Department General Library University of California Berkeley, CA 94720

UCLA Archaeological Survey Department of Anthr apology University of California Los Angeles, CA 90024

USDI Bureau of Land Mgmt. 2800 Cottage Way Sacramento, CA 95825

U.S. Forest Ser vie e 710 E Street Eureka, CA 95501

U.S. Forest Service Klamath Natl. Forest Warehse. 1030 S. Main St. Yreka, CA 96097

Serials, Library #959, 989 University of California Santa Barbara, CA 93106

Ventura County Museum Lbry. 100 E. Main St • Ventura, CA 93001

West Valley College Library 14000 Fruitvale Ave. Saratoga, CA 95070

Western Archaeol. Center Lbry. P.O. Box 49008 Tucson, AZ 85717

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