SOCIAL STUDIESCHAPTER 8 REVIEW

Alexander Graham Bell-Telephone

-People could talk to others miles away

Thomas Edison-Electric light bulb

-Cleaner, safer, easier than gas lamps

WHAT DID EACH OF THE FOLLOWING PEOPLE

INVENT AND HOW DID IT IMPROVE LIFE IN AMERICA?

Eiljah McCoy-Oil cap

-Allowed trains and other machines to run longer

Orville and Wilbur Wright-Airplane

-Led to people being able to travel long distances faster

WHAT DID EACH OF THE FOLLOWING PEOPLE

INVENT AND HOW DID IT IMPROVE LIFE IN

AMERICA?

What is an entrepreneur? A person who takes risks to start a

business

Who are some examples of entrepreneurs?Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller

VOCABULARY

What is a corporation? A business in which many people own shares, or

parts, of a business

What are some examples of corporations?

Carnegie Steel, Standard Oil

VOCABULARY

What is a monopoly? A company that has no competition

Why are monopolies a problem?

With no competition, a company can raise prices or provide poor service

VOCABULARY

Andrew Carnegie

WHO MADE STEEL PRODUCTION AN

IMPORTANT INDUSTRY IN THE U.S.?

Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania became a major steel city

Why?It was located near natural resources needed to make steel (iron and coal) and also near two rivers for transportation.

WHAT CITY BECAME A MAJOR CITY FOR THE

PRODUCTION OF STEEL? WHY?

John D. Rockefeller

WHO FORMED THE STANDARD OIL

COMPANY?

He bought most of the other oil companies

WHAT DID ROCKEFELLER DO THAT ALMOST GAVE HIM A MONOPOLY OVER THE OIL

INDUSTRY?

More factories led to more jobs

HOW DID NEW INDUSTRIES HELP WORKERS?

The working conditions were unsafe and the pay was low

HOW DID NEW INDUSTRIES HARM

WORKERS?

Unions

WHAT DID WORKERS FORM TO TRY AND HELP TO MAKE

WORKING CONDITIONS SAFER AND TO GET HIGHER PAY?

To get business owners to make changes

WHY DID WORKERS SOMETIMES GO ON

STRIKE?

Northern/Western Europe (Ireland, Germany, etc.)

WHERE DID MOST IMMIGRANTS COME FROM BEFORE 1880?

Southern/Eastern Europe (Russia, Italy, etc.)

WHERE DID MOST IMMIGRANTS COME

FROM BETWEEN 1880 AND 1924?

China and Mexico

WHAT TWO COUNTRIES DID SMALLER NUMBERS OF

IMMIGRANTS COME FROM?

Ellis Island

WHERE DID MOST EUROPEAN

IMMIGRANTS ENTER THE UNITED STATES?

Angel Island

WHERE DID MOST ASIAN IMMIGRANTS ENTER THE UNITED STATES?

They were looking for a better lifeTo find workTo escape persecution (unfair treatment)To leave poor living conditionsFreedom

WHY DID PEOPLE COME TO THE

UNITED STATES?

Most settled in big cities (urban areas)

Whether immigrants settled in urban (city) areas or rural (country) areas, they usually settled near families, friends, or others from the same country (the same ethnic group)

WHERE DID IMMIGRANTS SETTLE ONCE THEY WERE IN THE UNITED STATES?

-Prejudice from people who did not like immigrants

-Hard work for low pay-Cramped living conditions in tenements

(poorly built apartment buildings)

WHAT HARDSHIPS DID IMMIGRANTS

FACE?

Large cities were located near transportation routes (railroads and waterways)

Cities near natural resources grew as factories were built using those resources

WHERE WERE BIG CITIES LOCATED?

People from rural areas moved to cities to find jobs

Immigrants moving to the U.S. settled in cities

Great Migration of African-Americans from the South

WHY DID PEOPLE MOVE TO BIG CITIES?

Skyscrapers – Steel used for frames to build these very tall buildings.

Electricity – Powered lights, elevators, and transportation.

HOW DID NEW INVENTIONS

CHANGE CITIES?

Poorly built apartment buildings (tenements) caught fire easily

Crowded conditions led to illness spreading quickly

WHAT PROBLEMS DID PEOPLE HAVE IN BIG

CITIES?

ProblemImmigrants and the poor in cities needed help getting jobs and taking care of their families.

How did Progressives try to help?Jane Addams and others started settlement houses to help people learn skills and provide other help

HOW DID PROGRESSIVES TRY TO IMPROVE LIFE IN

THE UNITED STATES?

ProblemFactories were often dangerous places to work.

How Progressives tried to helpPictures were taken to show lawmakers the unsafe conditions so laws could be passed to help workers.

HOW DID PROGRESSIVES TRY TO IMPROVE LIFE IN

THE UNITED STATES?

ProblemMeatpacking plants and other places producing food were dirty and food was made that was unsafe.

How Progressives tried to helpWriters told what was happening and laws were passed to make sure factories were clean and safe.

HOW DID PROGRESSIVES TRY TO IMPROVE LIFE IN

THE UNITED STATES?

ProblemWomen did not have suffrage – the right to vote

How Progressives tried to helpWomen gave speeches and protested until the 19th amendment was passed in 1920, giving women the right to vote.

HOW DID PROGRESSIVES TRY TO IMPROVE LIFE IN

THE UNITED STATES?

ProblemMany African Americans faced prejudice and discrimination

How Progressives tried to helpThe NAACP was founded to work for equality for African-Americans.

HOW DID PROGRESSIVES TRY TO IMPROVE LIFE IN THE UNITED STATES?