soc: soc - ue heterhassan/heter09_lecture1.pdfdigital, bca, soclib analog, systemc-ams tdf, physics,...

UE HETER

[email protected]

[email protected]

[email protected]

HETER : Seismic perturbation

WSN2.4 GHz communication channel

MIPS

Cache ICU Timer Serdes

Interconnect

TXRX

RAMSeismicsensor

I2CCtrl

Seismic perturbation generator

MIPS

Cache ICU Timer Serdes

Interconnect

TXRX

RAMSeismicsensor

I2CCtrlNode 0 Node 3

…

Digital, BCA, SocLib

Analog, SystemC-AMS TDF, Physics, ��

Analog, SystemC-AMS ELN, Electrical, Bus

Analog, SystemC-AMS TDF, RF

Embedded software

SOFT SOFT

N3N2

N0 N1

(xe,ye)

Geometry

C0(x0,y0) C1(x1,y1)

C2(x2,y2) C3(x3,y3)

V

epi(xe,ye)

UE HETER

• UE projet, optionnelle, le mardi après-midi (2H Cours visio+2H TP)

• Première année d’existence :)

• Cours 1 (FP) : Présentation du projet, introduction à SystemC-AMS (TDF,

ELN)

• Cours 2 (HA) : Modélisation RF 1 (TDF)


• Cours 4 (HA) : Modélisation ADC, sigma-delta (TDF)

• Cours 5 (JD) : Modélisation Bus de terrain I2C 1 (ELN)

• Cours 6 (JD) : Modélisation Bus de terrain I2C 2 (ELN)

• Cours 7 (FP) : Intégration, programmation application embarquée

Lien avec l’UE SystemC

• SC 1 (FP) : Introduction à SystemC

• SC 2 (FP) : Programmation SystemC

• SC 3 (FP) : SocLib / Utilisateur

• SC 4 (FP) : SocLib / programmation

application embarquée

• SC 5 (FP) : Autres niveaux de

modélisation

• SC 6 (FP) : Transaction Level Modeling

• SC 7 (JD) : SystemC-AMS

• Cours 1 (FP) : Présentation du projet,

introduction à SystemC-AMS (TDF, ELN)



• Cours 4 (HA) : Modélisation ADC, sigma-

delta (TDF)

• Cours 5 (JD) : Modélisation Bus de terrain

I2C 1 (ELN)

• Cours 6 (JD) : Modélisation Bus de terrain

I2C 2 (ELN)

• Cours 7 (FP) : Intégration, programmation

application embarquée

© Fraunhofer IIS/EAS, 2009

SystemC AMS for the Design of Complex Analog

Mixed Signal SoC’s

Karsten Einwich

Fraunhofer Institut for Integrated Circuits

Design Automation Division

Förderkennzeichen: 01 M 3086


Why having AMS extensions for SystemC?

Missing is

� An agreed system modeling language and methodology to design embedded AMS

systems

� An open modeling and programming interface between AMS and digital HW/SW

system descriptions

� A platform that facilitates AMS model exchange and reuse of intellectual property (IP)

� An architecture design tool for AMS system-level design and verification

It’s time to standardize AMS extensions for SystemC !

� Open SystemC Initiative will drive standardization, deployment and support of the

SystemC AMS extensions

� Targeting an open source standard for system-level design for Embedded AMS

systems


Positioning SystemC AMS Extensions

Specification

SystemC

SoC

InterfaceAMSD

RF

missingabstraction

SystemVerilog,VHDL, Verilog

VHDL-AMS,Verilog-AMS

Functional

Architecture

Implementation


The SystemC AMS extensions

Objectives

� Unified and standardized modeling approach to design Embedded AMS systems

� AMS model descriptions supporting a design refinement methodology, from functional

specification to implementation

� AMS constructs and semantics in a SystemC compatible class library implemented in

C++

� Providing an interoperable modeling platform for development and exchange of AMS

intellectual property

� Creating a robust foundation for development of system-level tools


OSCI AMS Working Group Roster

Steady growth in AMS WG: 53 individuals from 19 organizations� strong drive from semiconductor industry

� full support of universities and research institutes

� growing interest and participation of EDA/ESL vendors

Chair: Martin Barnasconi, NXP Semiconductors Vice chair: Christoph Grimm, Vienna University of Technology


SystemC AMS Standard

� SystemC AMS DRAFT 1 available since 8th. December 2008

� Final OSCI standard expected for December 2009

� Content:

� Draft Standard SystemC AMS extensions Language Reference Manual

� Requirements specification for SystemC AMS extensions

� Whitepaper “An Introduction to Modeling Embedded Analog/Mixed-Signal Systems

using SystemC AMS extensions”

� Code example SystemC AMS extensions


SystemC AMS extensions LRM Draft 1

SystemC Language Standard (IEEE Std 1666SystemC Language Standard (IEEE Std 1666SystemC Language Standard (IEEE Std 1666SystemC Language Standard (IEEE Std 1666----2005)2005)2005)2005)

Linear Signal Linear Signal Linear Signal Linear Signal

Flow (LSF)Flow (LSF)Flow (LSF)Flow (LSF)

modules

ports

signals

AMS methodologyAMS methodologyAMS methodologyAMS methodology----specific elementsspecific elementsspecific elementsspecific elements

elements for AMS design refinement, etc.

Synchronization layerSynchronization layerSynchronization layerSynchronization layer

SchedulerSchedulerSchedulerScheduler

Timed Data Timed Data Timed Data Timed Data

Flow (TDF)Flow (TDF)Flow (TDF)Flow (TDF)

modules

ports

signals

Electrical Linear Electrical Linear Electrical Linear Electrical Linear

Networks (ELN)Networks (ELN)Networks (ELN)Networks (ELN)

modules

terminals

nodes

Linear DAE solverLinear DAE solverLinear DAE solverLinear DAE solver Enabling technology:

Classes and interfaces

not defined in AMS LRM

Draft 1

User features:

Classes and interfaces

defined in AMS LRM

Draft 1Semantics

defined in

AMS LRM

Draft 1


Focus of SystemC-AMS

Modeling, Simulation and Verification for:

� Functional complex integrated systems

� Analogue Mixed-Signal systems / Heterogeneous systems

� Specification / Concept and System Engineering

� System design, development of a (“golden”) reference model

� Embedded Software development

� Next Layer (Driver) Software development

� Customer model, IP protection

� -> it is not a replacement of Verilog/VHDL-AMS or Spice

� -> compared to Matlab, Ptolemy, … SystemC-AMS supports architectural

exploration/refinement and software integration


Receiver

Antennafront-end

SerialInterface

Modulator/demod.DSP

Oscillator ClockGenerator

Micro-controller

Hostprocessor

Memory

Power Manage-ment

to all blocks

AudioDSP

ImagingDSP

ADC

Transmitter

DAC

RFdetector

Temp.sensor

High SpeedSerial Interface

Calibration & Control

Source: OSCI AMSWG

Analog Mixed Signal System


functional

architecture

implementation

SystemC AMSextensions

data flow

signalflow

electricalnetworks

design abstraction

use cases

executablespecification

architectureexploration

integrationvalidation

modeling formalism

virtualprototyping

Source: OSCI AMSWG

MoC and Use Cases


Model abstraction and formalisms

Timed Data Flow (TDF)

Modeling formalism

Use cases

Executablespecification

Architecture exploration

Integration validation

Virtualprototyping

Discrete-timestatic non-linear

Non-conservative behavior

Model abstractions

Continuous-timedynamic linear

Linear Signal Flow (LSF)Electrical Linear

Networks (ELN)

Conservative behavior


SystemC AMS extensions - concept

AMS models of computation are not based on communication / synchronization of

processes

� instead, AMS descriptions represent an equation system

AMS modeling formalisms based on known models of computation (MoC)

� Data flow

� Signal flow

� Electrical networks

An AMS primitive module represents a set of equation, which has to be contributed

to the overall equation system

An AMS interface / channel represents a node in a conservative system or a variable

in a non-conservative system


13

SystemC AMS extensions – elements 1/2

Timed Data Flow - efficient simulation of discrete-time behavior

� Data flow simulation accelerated using static scheduling

� Schedule is activated in discrete time steps, introducing timed semantics

� Support of static non-linear behavior

Linear Signal Flow - simulation of continuous-time behavior

� Differential and Algebraic Equations solved numerically at appropriate time steps

� Primitive modules defined for adders, integrators, differentiators, transfer functions, etc.

Electrical Linear Networks - simulation of network primitives

� Network topology results in equation system which is solved numerically

� Primitive modules defined for linear components (e.g. resistors, capacitors)

and switches


14

SystemC AMS extensions – elements 2/2

AMS methodology-specific elements � Unified design refinement methodology to support different use cases � Time domain simulation and Small-signal frequency-domain AC and noise analysis

User-defined AMS extensions� Additional simulators and solvers can be linked in a C++ manner � Using the synchronization layer for the communication with SystemC

Synchronization with SystemC� Fixed time-step synchronization with SystemC� Predefined converter ports and converter modules/primitives to synchronize

between TDF, LSF and/or ELN and SystemC

Each model of computation has its own namespace � Timed Data Flow: sca_tdf� Linear Signal Flow: sca_lsf� Electrical Linear Networks: sca_eln


SystemC/SystemC-AMS specific Advantages

� Can be tailored and optimized for specific applications

� Support of customized methodologies and their combination

� The tradeoff between accuracy, simulation performance and modeling effort can be optimized for each system part by using the interoperability of an arbitrary number of Models of Computations (MoC)

� Encapsulation of subsystems which leads to scalability and modularity

� Easy software integration and powerful debug possibilities

� Full power of C++ available (e.g. language, libraries, encapsulation concepts)

� Easy IP protection by pre-compilation and integration into other tools and design flows via C interfaces


Why different analogue MoC?

� Modeling on different abstraction / accuracy levels yields the possibility to apply

specialized algorithms, which are orders of magnitude faster than a general

approach.

� It is possible to reduce the solvability problem significantly.

� Due to the encapsulation of analogue MoC / solvers SystemC-AMS models are very

well scalable – very large models can be handled.

� Examples for specialized analogue Models of Computations:

� Linear Networks / Differential-Algebraic Equation (DAE) systems

� Non-linear Networks / DAE systems

� Switched Capacitor Networks (leads to simple algebraic equation)

� Dataflow solver for Signalflow Descriptions and Bond Graphs


Modeling with multiple MoC

Linear electrical net-works

(conservative)

Discrete event(SystemC modules)

Embedded linear analogue

equations

Multi-rate static dataflow,

frequency domain

Signalflow(non-conservative),frequency domain

C – Codefor target processor


Conclusion

� SystemC together with the extension SystemC AMS is suitable for creating executable

specification, virtual prototypes and architectual level models for EAMS systems

� An experimental prototype can be downloaded under: www.systemc-ams.org (not

compatible with the DRAFT 1 standard)

� SystemC AMS DRAFT 1 standard is public available: www.systemc.org

� OSCI SystemC AMS 1.0 standard is expected in December 2009

� Information of the Fraunhofer SystemC AMS activities and documentation:

www.systemc-ams.eas.iis.fraunhofer.de

The wave equation

http://www.mtnmath.com/whatrh/node66.html

Continuous / Discrete modeling

• A discrete model can approximate a continuous

one to any desired degree of accuracy.

• Developing such approximations is an important

field in applied mathematics.

• It is not possible to model a continuous equation

on a digital computer. Thus discrete

approximations provide the only practical

approach to a great many problems.

The wave equation

• The wave equation is,

in physics, the

general equation

which describes the

propagation of a

wave.

• In an homogeneous

world, the equation is:

(where N is the space dimension) is called laplacian

• This notation defines a partial differential equation. In spite of its foreboding appearance it says something simple. Think of as the level of water z in at a single point in a lake. This equation describes how the level changes based on conditions in its immediate neighborhood. The equation applies to every point on the lake so we can use it to model the dynamic behavior of a wave.

• The term on the left of the equal sign is the rate at which the level is accelerating up or down at this point. The term on the right hand sums acceleration across each spatial dimension at the same point.

• For the surface of a lake there are two spatial dimensions. v2 is the velocity of the wave. The equation « says the rate at which the level is accelerating in time at a give point is proportional to the sum of the rates at which the level is accelerating across each dimension in space at that point ».

• The wave equation is the universal equation of physics. It works for light, sound, waves on the surface of water and a great deal more.

Discretized wave equation (1)

• There are many ways to discretize the wave equation. One of the simplest is to define a grid or array of points.

• Instead of defining the value of a function everywhere we consider only selected points. The more closely these points are spaced the more accurate an approximation to the continuous case and the more time consuming the computation.

• To keep things simple we will consider two dimensions in space and one in time. It is straightforward to move to three spatial dimensions.


Same x,y propagation rates

Initial value

We set z(i,j,-1) = z(i,j,1) for symmetry reasons

Works best for

Le TP

i_wavegen

i_sensor0

i_sensor1

i_sensor2

i_sensor3

set_T(10 ms)

soc: soc - ue heterhassan/heter09_lecture1.pdfdigital, bca, soclib analog, systemc-ams tdf, physics,...

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