soc 340 full semester package

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Class: SOC 340Lecture/Exam: Full Semester PackageSchool: SBUSemester: Spring 2013Professor: Marrone

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Jan 30

Readings: custom reader – from universityreaders.com (also available in book store) Social institutions: formal institution in charge of a certain systemHuman reproduction is a behavior that is affected by certain institutions Social class: financial means variable; composite variableEducation is a powerful part of reproduction

KGOY (kids getting older/younger) o Food/Animal’s food

o Sexualized image

o Earlier exposure to sexualized behavior/images

o Body weight BMI/activities

o Gender expectations

o Non-biological dad can affect

Managing fertilityo Created the technology of planning when to be fertile

Feb 6

Guest speaker: EDD: estimated due date38-40 weeks – pregnancy Divided into 3 trimesters – roughly 12 weeks each During pregnancy, her organs were shifting and being pressed upward, diaphragms moving upwards and being shortness of breath. Heart, spine, and other body parts tilted18 weeks – felt the baby kick

Baby sucking thumb in the womb without any help 8 week old female fetus already has all of its eggs

Delivery Doula is not the same thing as a midwifeDoula is there for the purpose of making the mother comfortable including emotional support Doulas accompany all over place for birth Doula – from ancient Greek The midwife helps with the birth Doulas were most uncomfortable in being at hospital during child birth because of a small conflict between the doula and the doctor. They are most comfortable at home


Why are love/emotional attachment necessary for having a baby?Support for the baby, invested in the kids Many babies are being born out of wedlock

Why long term relationships from school and work?

Exposure effect

Similar interests such as career and age

Social propinquity: not very random. We wind up meeting people we come in contact with.

There’s this spatial (similar social characteristics) nearness. Similar in age, religion, values,

social class, distance.

Arranged marriage:

Marriage/relationship that forms which a certain people from one side pair with another

in the couple’s or families’ best interest

May not be their choice

Not much divorce, mainly because divorce in those countries are stigmatized

The two sets of parents know what it takes to have a successful marriage – economic

security, interest of the challenge. They know what it needs for a long and enduring

marriage. They want there to be a successful and long lasting marriage, stability

Has been modified to assisted marriage – mixing American culture (wanting to like the

person) but still want the benefit of the people who love them to find the partner

Feb 13

Exam 1: study guide

First trimester: will most likely see morning sickness 37-40 weeks = full term Mating by culture and over timeSocial propinquity: how we wind up being with people. It includes social class, religion, culture, etc. People who are similar to usArranged marriage and assisted marriage

Changing of roles of women – when status of women is known in any society/culture, it says a lot. If women are valued, they make money, teach/go to school, have social power, have the time, more control over their lives, and more access to birth control


Second wave of feminism – fastest and most impactful change in women culture In the 60s, only married women were allowed birth control. Access to birth control – control birthsMarriage is still a normative ideal

Family can be 2 – mother and child, father and child, only couples, etc.

Family of orientation and family of procreation You will belong to two or more families in your lifeFamily of orientation: Families that raises you, place you call home, have a role in that family (son/daughter) From this part, we go to family of procreate is a family we create. It doesn’t have to be a family we create, can adopt a child or other options. The roles change; with different roles come different responsibilities

2nd reading, transition of household Childless households exist but they still are a family. Childlessness has increased. Voluntary/involuntary childlessnessDivorce

Is high because we can get out of marriage more easily than before Changing roles of women

Cultural lag

Betty F. – reading Begins survey in the 1947 to 60s (in college)Interviews women and discovers that most aren’t happy even when have college degrees, families and husbands. She describes a problem that has no name. In the 60s we get the pill, only for married women. Want control over birth; don’t want other people to dictate it.

Changing role of women = changing roles of kids; we value children differently: what it means – we don’t see them as a burden anymore. Economically, people will think when the right time is to have kids

Readings 1 & 2 – changes in families and changes in reproduction

When women have college degrees, they have fewer kids and at a later age If not as highly educated, more kids and marry earlier

Medicalization of birth Mortality = deathMorbidity = sickness Health outcomes = measurements, useful when we look at the health of a society. We use it to compare outcomes around the world.


Measuring death in any society = life expectancy (or ALE – avg life expectancy). In the US it is about 78 years. If a culture lives a long time and we rank it for best ranking to worst ranking, the long life expectancy will be Japan, Netherlands, and Europe. We do not have as high life expectancy as other expect, even when we spend a lot on health care. Top spot on life expectancy = living long timeDifference between life span and life expectancy = life span is how long a species can live (which country).

Health outcomes: 2013: chronic – Heart Disease, 1900: acute - Tuberculosis, Pneumonia, gastro intestinal diseases (Check soc 200 lecture) Chronic diseases – we manage with for long termDie with life style diseases (that come with age) Risk factors for heart diseases: smoking, obesity, and stress

IMR – infant mortality rate – great measurement for how they value women and children, if it has high rates of infant deaths. Death in the first year of the baby’s life (1st minute, hour, month) Neonatal IMR – death of a baby in one month Post Neonatal IMR – 29th day onward death something wrong in socio environmentally Even though we have a high health care, there is still a high amount of IMR.

Movie: the business of being born Maternity care in Europe and Japan is over 80% but less than 8% in the US It is now based on monetary reasons rather than health reasons for moth the mother and the child US also has a high rate of maternity deaths Midwives were portrayed as very old and only in poor countries C-section rates have also been increasing

Feb 20

Health outcomes: how populations do in terms of health LE – life expectancy (in mortality) IMR: infant death in the first year of life Neo-natal IMR: death at first month of life (28 days) Post natal-IMR: if baby exceeds 28 days but before 1 year

SIDS [sudden infant death syndrome]: unexplained death Maternal Mortality rates: If the mother dies within 6 weeks after giving birth Child Mortality: If child dies after year 1 but before year 5


How birth was done – colonial days Very non-medicalized

First phase o Social child birth; communal child birth

o Neighbors were midwives and got reputation by word of mouth

o Much of religion was involved

Second phase of American child birth [1762-1870]o Movement toward medicalization

o Do not have medicalized birth during this period but the beginning

o European hospital than can predict a few things, making child birth a bit scientific

o American docs were traveling to Europe to learn

o Learned about pain relief

o Midwives were not in on this, they were still doing the health care work while

males were learning o Puerperal fever – docs transferred germs from one birth to another

Third phase [1870-1940]o Period of the medicalization of child birth

o Docs will clearly state their claims for no midwives

o 1920-25 – development of hospitals that are a bit safer. Surgical-hospitals –

hospitals actually become places where ppl can survive o Start to understand diseases and get rid of them

o Midwives are disappearing and births began to be in hospitals

Is pregnancy an illness? You go to doctor, have medication and have insurance for it

Reading: Demography Work value Is work rewarded with money or status or prestige? Even though women are doing the farming, they are still not very valuable there When machines are brought in, men get to take control over that Men, in most societies, will have more access to work for pay – means that in their

homes, they’ll have more value As populations increase, men tend to go to those places and take over the money so the

women end up doing the grunt work If they can’t move up at work then they won’t be able to politically represent so they

really can’t do anything to counter their political weakness Work has a lot to do with how affective you are politically

Next reading (gender equity) Looking at 1 political culture: India to look at female autonomy


They want to understand the women who are very vulnerable to the work that men get to do

Term autonomy means self-direction → don’t need to be supervised, do whatever you want

Questions they asked: married? What age? Age gap between woman and husband – women in the north have a higher age gap than those of the south. Rate of fertility (BPW – Birth per Woman) –how many babies are the women having in the north vs. the south.

o In the north – since there is a larger age gap, they get married at younger age

which makes her less powerful, higher the rate of babies and higher the rate of MMR (maternal mortality rate)

Younger age of marriage Less autonomy = higher rate BPW/fertility Limited proximity and mobility Less paid work More arranged marriages Dowry can be very dangerous for women in the north. When the family.

She needs to ‘make’ sons – son preference. (Dowry: woman’s family gives money to husband’s family). Violence that can happen to a woman and there is dowry that is exchanged, if she displeases the husband’s family, she may be killed – dowry death.

When a woman has control over her reproduction, she has autonomy. She has a “say” over her future.

o In the south – they can complete their education, have higher rates of literacy,

little age gap. Women in the south are more likely to work outside the home. Can work and travel farther Improvements in the infrastructure – ex: lights in the streets,

improvements in the roads

Reading from Nigeria: When women can get control, they take control Yoruba (country), when it comes to reproduction, how reproduction is managed should

be done through God, therefore; if she can have a baby, she should have as many as she can have

If she was not able to have kids, then she must have done something to displease God Women who can have kids are highly valued than those who can’t → pronatalist society Since it is a pronatalist society (want there to be babies), husband can take on more

wives and continue to be reproductive within that family – polygamist society The more kids he can have, the more status. Problem: expensive but he may not give

her the first wife $ as much as the latest wife Wealth travels down in US (parents have kids and take care of them emotionally and

financially, and don’t expect to get $ back which is why they have fewer kids) In a culture where wealth travels up, the money comes back to the father/family


Grandmother pregnancy - in Yoruba, it is disapproved of and stigmatized if she has kids and the grandkids. They will get abortions which goes against the belief of God

Population/demography reading Demography: study of the characteristics of a population. Reproduction is about birth

and death One of the most famous theories of population: Demographic Transition Theory – as

societies evolve and modernize, they will go through different theories of transitions, the population will grow then stabilize then shrink. When societies are pre-modern, they have high birth rates and probably high death rates. When populations modernize, industrialization – generally have high birthrates, but death rates go down – this is when population goes up. When a society is post-modern/industrial, women have more involvement in the economy, more technology and ability to control reproduction, result = low births, low deaths

Replacement rate – 2.0 women needs to make at least 2 babies to replace the man and the woman. If it goes below 2.0, then population goes down but if it goes up then it’ll be stable and growing. US has 2.1 but in western Europe, it is way below 2.0

Exam: Videos Be familiar with IMR, MMR, and mortality – death Gender equity in India: in the reading they use the word agency = autonomy (get a job, go wherever she wants)Sample questions: Midwives have also been able to be in hospitals: FalsePoor quality = high IMR – True40% babies out of wedlock – true Social propinquity: marry someone who is similar to you – similar attract Lots of questions with all of the above (usually correct)

Mar 6

Movie: Leila and Reza

Father = progressive voiceThe characters never touch or kiss because of culture and standards (and movie director) – but it is a romantic movie

Socialization – process that begins from birth, how each gender plays certain roles in certain families


Continuation of family is essential on women and her status. How important it is where men dominate the social institutions, the place where women can have power is with the amount of children.

Patriarchy: male dominance in social institutions (like the religious institutions)Women gaining autonomy is in how many children they can have because it is something a man cannot do. Women are going to have status and power for their ability to be reproductive. Problem when woman cannot have babies. Patterns of authority clearly established: who is in charged?

Whatever women brought in marriage belonged to men, including the children – United States in the 1800s until the mid-1900s1839-1895 women rights

When you see women highly engaged in political systems, that is where women will be affected and will mean that women will be able to hold property and have a voice. Patriarchal society: value of children is important tooUS today – kids have become much more valuable (Pronatalism) – a lot of money and resources to them (no work/labor and healthy for them)

Readings:Structure (in social sciences): the big picture is who is in chargeSocial structure: looking at the picture of the function of that society. If one of the institutions collapses, the house collapses. If families can no longer care for kids, collapse. Class structure: as part of our social structure.

When you layer people in a structure (caste, slave) some people have more power than others

Understanding inequality: looking at the gaps of power In the US (and other countries) when we want to measure inequality we look at wage gaps, and there certainly is a gap, but it has narrowed a bit. If a woman has more power in a social structure: decide to work, have fewer kids, who to marry, when to marry – autonomy: power, self-direction When women can control their reproduction, they will Certain areas in the world they can’t control their fertility and reproduction: northern India IMR MMR higher where less autonomy and fertility rates are higher because if losing more babies, then has to make more babies. Practical and pragmatic concerns – more children taking care of them when olderWhere women have less autonomy, their relationship with other women will be fragmented


Women in Leila and Reza movie – seem “modern” in talking – she has other women to talk toWhen women have fragmented relationships with each other, they don’t know how others have it

Women in south India coalesce more Woman risks bringing kids to family brings shame

Patriarchal risk: her understanding that there’s a basic level of fertility that she has to achieve – like car insurance or farmers expectation → LSF: Level of Safety First – woman wants some boys and have a basic level of fertility (as insurance)

Mar 13

Value: economic, educational and more resources to kids.

Change 5-8 years in Iraq, man can take a woman for a temporary marriage – Mutaa (weeks, months, years). It is being reinstituted as a part of necessity.

Mar 27

Agency – book

She’s limited: not educated, doesn’t travel, doesn’t work outside the house, no sense of where or how she is, her life is incredibly controlled. On a loss – book Muslim – Dalia friends with Norma – Christian.

Speaker: Violence in the US Movie: Defending Our Lives Framingham 8 – those women who were telling about the abuse “Battered woman syndrome” – now known as (gender neutral) “battered person’s experiences” Kids who witness abusive parent relationship doesn’t make them more abusive or less abusiveWomen experiencing violence during pregnancy never experienced violence before pregnancy (pregnancy is a stressor) because the partner feels that attention is taken awayRisk of domestic homicide after pregnancy is increased, most in ages 16-24 Domestic violence shelters are not the same (they are more secretive) than homeless shelter

Karen Evens adopts from China – international adoption


Learns that there are a whole lot of girls for adoption – learns about a dark history “The lost daughter of China” book. Starts with the one-child policy in the late 70sIt allowed for free birth control and vasectomy and was highly endorsed It rose the age for legal age for marriage

Birth permission paper: can’t have as many kids without sanctions. Gov’t: one-child = better child care, monthly subsidies & other benefits, but with more kids would lose these benefits She discovers by looking into the history of China and when the one-child policy happens, its different

Overtime, life expectancy went up, morbidity for diseases went down, more economic powerful – bringing down rate of growth change the construct.

Orphanage: know nothing about the child’s history

International adoption popular in US: not that many white babies available, but longer list for getting the baby, fewer unintended pregnancies, more people wanting babies than before because more couples are infertile, international: 2-3 months, US: up to 7 years

Apr 3

Tepper award – sociology

Politics and economic Right to abortion has changed according to political whims

Governments and feminists are stepping up to make sure the crimes against women is declining Problems for men in abusive relationships too because there aren’t much shelters for men

Two Feet Under – Reading:Purity Ball = fathers and family would get dressed up and give their daughters a ring who promises to stay a virgin until she gets married. -10min Maghrib break-Brazil – goes in the 60s. While she’s there, she realizes how lonely these women are and how many babies are dying. Feels like the women are callous, women are mourning as normal people would. Sociology of the Emotions Don’t expect that all these babies will live Formula for baby – powder but their water was contaminated and dirty. Not allowing mothers to nurse would not allow the babies to get the immunities Some of the women who are isolated are sometimes relieved that the fathers aren’t aroundWomen will find comfort in each other and bond over losses


AbortionShaped by family and religious beliefsSymbol for women autonomy Reading – motherhood in morality, large study → whether or not women supported the right to abortion; many social characteristics played a big role. Divided women into pro-life and pro-choice decision

Pro-life arguments: The baby deserves a right to live

o Believe life begins at conception. Baby did not ask to be conceived

Pro-choice arguments: It does not mean pro-abortion Politically/legally who has an abortion should remain with the woman

o Protects rights of women, autonomy

o She knows best what’s right with her

Researchers found:Pro-life → mostly married

Less education Lower income More religious/spiritual and how important religion is feel that a life is ‘wasted’

Pro-choice → not married More education More income More as stake

Americans want abortion to be legal, safe and rare

Core of the debate – Dr. Pincus and Dr. Rock tried to find medication to get pregnant; can we create hormones that will change the ability in the first place? Dr. Rock was a devout Catholic, this will prevent abortion. He thought the church will be all for it. However, the Church was against it and babies will always be welcomed. Then it might mean that women will have control over their behavior and will have sex before their marriage; sexual freedom.

Jan 22nd 1973 – Harriet (justice) wrote the decision for Roe v. Wade. A Woman is constitutionally protected in constitution with her physician to terminate her pregnancy free of state interference. Early stage of pregnancy (1st and 2nd) she has complete control but state has control in the 3rd, up to the point of viability. Roe v. wade has been challenged many times. Many states have made restrictions.


Women should at least have free decision in the 1st trimester 1st trimester = 12-14 weeksNorth Dakota and few choices – pro-life – are making it harder for women to have abortion by making it harder for physicians to be providers for abortion because there is violence against physicians.

Before Roe v. Wade Abortion was considered a private matter. She would go to a midwife and get an abortion from there through various means. She was free and would do what she wants and no one would really talk about it. Quickening – a point in pregnancy where woman would feel the movement of the baby (15-18 weeks) lets her know that baby is alive. Back then, abortion until quickening. Physicians didn’t like that woman went to midwives for abortions 1900 – Almost every state has restriction or no restriction for abortion Early to mid-1800s it was private

1950s and 1960s – civil rights and feminist movementsMen and women believed that gov’t shouldn’t say how large a family should be The pill came out during the 1960s

*California becomes the first state to legalize abortion – Reagan being the governor (republican) in the 1960sMagnet state – everyone wanted to go there for abortion

States then began to loosen up restrictions

Since a doctor has the ultimate say, he determines whether or not the abortion is legal or illegal1960s Catholic Priests were writing to different politicians asking for abortion to be legalized and doctors wouldn’t give the pill because they’re not married, they believed it’s best for the girl and community.

1973 validimide – drug in Europe during the 50s and 60s in a German pharmaceutical company (never came to US) and it was for morning sickness. Used as sedative and morning sickness. Physicians found out that women who took that gave birth to children with find like arms.

Pro-life nation: the most restrictive part of the nation. Some states criminalize abortion North Dakota – 7-8weeks

Men and abortion – reading Over a thousand men are interviewed from NY to CaliAsked men in clinics who came in waiting room with partners Research: men are lost, young, unmarried, still in school,


Caroll Gyllegal – reading Men and women emote differently Women are raised at a young age thinking how other ppl will view them and their family – worried about response She says it’s not the same for men, boys are raised thinking practically.

Hard and soft reasons for abortion: there are more distinction of abortion in men and almost similar for women.

Hard reason: she calls a strong reason or a good reason. Ex: case of rape or incest, men and women pretty much agree that abortion is allowedAnother reason: child having disability. If parents don’t want a child born with that disability

Soft reason: people don’t buy it. Girl doesn’t want a baby because she doesn’t want to marry the guy; not a good enough reason; don’t want another reason. People believe economic reason is soft reason. Europe, Sweden

Asked 75 men who are traveling with wives and partners for abortion, slightly older and more likely to be married. Men say they support the wife’s choice for abortion. They are saying that they appreciate that they can control and use their right for her reproductive control and that the men are part of the reason. Higher education among men = he won’t mind if the women chooses abortion. Why: insecurity, better understanding, more aware of how it plays out and what it means

Patriarchal risk: what does it mean? Beginning of section: all those terms that come underneath, what happens to women who are under pat. Risk, what will happen to her? She is at greater risk, because she has no other value than being a mother

Apr 17

Men and abortions

--vigil break—

Surrogate speaker Traditional surrogacy: surrogate uses her own egg (someone else’s sperm)Gestational surrogacy: egg donor donating egg from agency Altruistic surrogacy: straight to intended parents

Surrogacy isn’t legal everywhere: Cali: it’s legal and contract is enforceable. Pre-birth orders are legal for all parentsMichigan: it’s a felony entering into surrogacy agreement commercial or altruistic surrogacy


NY: commercial surrogacy carries civil penalties. Altruistic surrogacy is legal, but contracts are unenforceable.

Why do women become surrogates?www.Thedeputyforalimitedtime.blogspot.com

Apr 24

Poppy (the speaker) is legally the mother

They didn’t have to go to any lab or anything complicated and just did it easily Donorsiblinregistry.com

Older moms tend to use donated eggs. The eggs age along with the woman, not the amount. Beyond age 35, it becomes more difficult for the woman. The risk of breast cancer increases with age Up to 1985 if woman was pregnant and she had breast cancer, the pregnancy had to be terminated In Australia if woman had breast cancer and had chemotherapy while pregnant then she had more hope

Reading Susan Lang: Normative: expected, something we expect that is normal for our culture. Childlessness – separate by voluntary or involuntary. What she finds is woman that didn’t have children by choice (voluntarily or by choice), the explanations she finds: had a partner but didn’t want a kid with that partner

We have now the ability to render ourselves infertile: vasectomy, and other procedures – being sexual but not reproductive.

Using 3rd parties as reproduction: Using IVF (in vitro fertilization) isn’t always successfulOn avg. it costs around $12-15,000 3-4 tries on avg. Some organizations take only young donors because they're more successful IVF isn’t mostly covered but if it is, the first try onlySome have the 4th one free Is infertility a disease? Yes, the AMA call it a disease Success rates of IVF: when a woman is using IVF because of infertility, usually the man is infertile, the older you are, chances of getting pregnant is lessened After the age of 43, the success rate becomes less


http://www.Thedeputyforalimitedtime.blogspot.com/

Very often the physicians will create more than 1 embryo. When a woman is carrying twins or more, the rates of miscarriage goes up. Doctor’s suggest a selective reduction where the doctor aborts embryos to less than the original to one.

Feminists concerns: we’re making motherhood commercialized; we’re changing the meaning of motherhood with the entrance of technology. Ex: pill – having sex without reproduction, and IVF – having reproduction without sex.

Law & order episode:Cultural lag: when the material part of culture (tech, med, all that we produce and use in a culture) moves faster than we can catch up to. We have surrogacy and euthanasia (physician assistant suicide) but we aren’t in agreement and don’t know what to do about it. This may be a great thing because we can eliminate babies that have disabilities but who chooses that? And what would those characteristics be?

1985 in NYMary Beth White had 2 healthy babies “Baby M”Wife had multiple sclerosis and having a baby can exacerbate itGot pregnant on 4th try with a baby girlAs Beth tells it, she didn’t like the fact that they weren’t very involved (the family that was looking for surrogate – was going to make $10k for it, at that time surrogacy was very new) She continues on with the pregnancy but the parents weren’t very engaged. During the end of pregnancy, she gives birth when her family and her husband was around She has the baby girl that is healthy (natural birth) She convinces them that she wanted to nurse them She goes into depression; 1) the parents weren’t there for the baby 2) they don’t want her milk for baby She starts to get a little crazy like she’s going to kill herself and the baby She asks to see the baby but when the baby comes she sneaks the baby with her family to FloridaThey (the Sterns) get a court order and get the baby back to NJ The higher court (appellate) and many other courts say that you cannot force the mother to give up her parental rights; in conclusion she can visit for a little while, for few hours The Sterns were unhappy with her because she violated the contract Famous ill-fated surrogacy of all time She failed the psychological test for the surrogacy but said she still passedThe contract said if the baby had a problem, the Sterns would not take the baby The Sterns were not infertile

May 1


Fertility Finance

Military wives have become popular users of surrogates – the husband is not home anyway and this can be a job for her

Don’t know much about men’s health of fertility Motility for men – sperm swimming fastSubfertility – man is temporarily infertile. It is not the same thing as sterile.

When a baby girl is born, her set of eggs are with her when she is born. Pregnant mothers who eat a lot of beef while they are pregnant may give a lower sperm count to the male baby born (up to 25% less)

Father’s age is linked to the child’s probability of getting autism or schizophrenia (higher age = higher chance)

Book: Agent Orange – 15k Vietnam vets (‘60s) and workers filed suits; not only caused harm in men but in the children they reproduced [Cynthia Daniels]

Long term birth control has been mainly for women Male birth control pill

Adoption = the permanent and legal transfer of parental rights Cheaper and quicker to fly to another country and adopt Woman leaving her parental right varies Domestic adoption: US and Canada Trend in international adoption, although rates have lowered in China (was the highest baby-givers to the US), and Russia has banned adoption to the US, South Korea is also a country where US go for adoption. Home study – workers will come and study the couple and the home along with financial history & more

International adoption: although the process takes time, it is quicker than domestic

US has fewer white babies for adoption and fewer unwanted pregnancies because of changing role of women, they have higher income and can take care of them or don’t have babies in general

Closed and open adoption (and semi-open adoption) o Not many closed adoptions anymore

o Get these children out of public agencies/services like foster care; or private

independent agencies

In country there is open and semi-open Closed adoption – no access to who their parents were


Open and semi-open → the parties involved will have some relationship in terms of information going back and forth Open – mothers get to choose where their babies go Semi – adoptive parents get to meet the birth mother and gets info of her and both parties exchange info. The agencies will also send info around once a year. Open adoption → more communication than semi-adoption. Birth mother is more in the picture. Now more international adoption: physical distance and complete closed adoption; greater anonymity, gives adoptive parents more security

Advantages and disadvantages of the adoptions Semi: birthparents get closure If child has medical problem, there would be a good transplant from birth parents Closed adoption: decision has been made that parties cannot contact each other

International adoption: grown b/c even though there are options getting kids here, we still don’t go get them b/c we think if we adopt children from the adoption centers and foster centers from here, we think of them as damaged kids.

May 8

Fewer babies for adoption: birth control

Pediatric specialty

Russia: FAS (fetal alcohol syndrome) – and the women would be living in dire circumstances and will have to give up the baby for adoption

Adoption Triangle (give and take of adoption article): women who give up their babies [they have something that somebody else wants – powerful] they tend not to be so powerful

Pregnant girls – catholic – solution: give the babies away

Great operation baby lift: The US and other countries went to Vietnam which was falling apart, many adoption agencies went there with planes and lifted thousands of babies to the US and present them as orphans

Eugenics – selective breeding

Therapeutic cloning: copies of stem cells, Reproductive cloning – sci fi, scientificUsing wisdom teeth

Sex selection


Problems with eliminating disability - ?

Human Genome Project: whole human genome sequence – create custom drugs

HGP: Evelyn Fox Keller HGP is slippery slope? She argues that information, if it falls in the wrong hands, then we may not get the job we want, there will be people who are superior to others, in whose hands it will fall and the information can be passed to others – no privacy 1920s – Eugenics office

Negative Eugenics – keeping people from being able to reproduce Sterilize people without their knowledge

Positive eugenics – what Hitler did with his army, he thought his army was perfect and made them reproduce

Sterilization is legal in all 50 statesThere is voluntary and involuntaryMen can choose to have vasectomy

Involuntary: a person becomes sterilized but not with their awareness or understanding

Shawn cabbage: couldn’t get pregnant and eventually becomes pregnant. Doctor calls husband: the baby is not his and embryo was from another person. Difficult choice: carry the baby? Terminate someone else’s baby? They choose to have the baby. They gave the baby up who she felt connected to.

Final Exam: same format Question from each reading Law and order episode Test tube babyPoppy 50 Questions


soc 340 full semester package

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