Smart Home: Remote Energy Monitoring and Automation SystemTed Herman, Paul Haist, Nahid Hassan

Supervisor: Prof Z. Tate Administrator: Prof H. Timorabadi

20002030

Residential

Total Demand

Rising Energy Demand▶Demand expected to double

over next thirty years [1]▶The single fastest source of

growth is residential demand [1]Consumer Perception▶Consumers do not perceive using energy, but rather,

using appliances [2]▶Results in slow adoption of improved efficiency

household appliances [2]

Standby Power

▶Many electrical devices draw miniscule amounts of power when the device has been switched off, known as “standby power” [4]

▶Standby power accounts for almost 10% of residential electricity use in the United States [4]

Motivation

▶For example, dishwashers are 95% more efficient than those built 35 years ago [3]

Power Triggers: Turning appliances on/off based on power readings from other appliances▶ A computer powering down turns off its

peripherals Power States: A set of grouped actions ▶ A vacation state where all non-essential appliances

are turned off Additional Node Models: Greater coverage of appliances

▶ 240V appliances, fixed lighting systems, power bars Reduce System Power: Modify base station to use a

low-power plug computer instead of a PC

Future Work

Appliance

Bi-directional wireless link

High-Level Diagram

Home WiFi Network

Nodes can relay packets to/from base

System DesignA wireless network of nodes monitors and controls power consumption of appliances in the home. The user interface

is accessible through any web-enabled device.

Legend

PMU

MCU with Integrated

Radio

Power measurement reading via SPI

SSR control

Power Supply5V

5 V

3.3V

Debug Header

Measure power consumed by appliance

Power Flow

Power Flow

UART

120V AC Power Line5V DC Power Line3.3V DC Power Line

AC male connectorplugs into outlet

AC female connector plugs into appliance

SSR

Power Supply3.3V

AC Power Flow

Node Block Diagram

SSR Solid State RelayPMU Power Measurement UnitMCU Microcontroller Unit

Digital Communication

Query / Modify data

User Interface

Web Server

SQL Database

Packet Relay Program

Add new node / Add power sample

Send message via socket to permit /prevent power flow to an appliance

MCU with Integrated

Radio

Host PC Base MCU

Return data

Display web page

User request

Serial Communication Base MCU to Host PC:

• Base startup sync • Add new node to network • Add power sample

Host PC to Base MCU: • SSR packet sequence to permit / prevent power flow to an appliance connected to a node

Base Station Block Diagram

Node • Plugs into AC wall socket and supplies AC socket for appliance • Measures power consumed by appliance and reports data to base station • Accepts comands from base station to control power flow to appliance

Project Goal

Creating awareness of power consumption withinthe home

Offering some degree of control over the power consumption

Cut home energy usage by:

By combining awareness of how power is consumed and providing users with a mechanism by which to save power, we hope to encourage and facilitate power saving habits.

References:[1] C. Harvilla, "Green Power: An Electrifying Choice," Center for Resource Solutions, Worldwatch Institute, 2004. [Online]. Available: http://www.worldwatch.org/system/files/GS0012.pdf. [Accessed: Sept. 18, 2009].[2] G. Fitzpatrick and G. Smith, "Technology-enabled feedback on domestic energy consumption: articulating a set of design concerns," IEEE Pervasive Computing, vol. 8, no. 1, pp. 37-44, Jan.-Mar. 2009.[3] A. Meier, "Standby Power," Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Energy Analysis Department, 2009. [Online]. Available: http://standby.lbl.gov/standby.html. [Accessed: Sept 18, 2009].[4] J. Porter, "Compiled List of Quick Facts," Environment Canada, Dec. 5, 2007. [Online]. Available: http://www.ec.gc.ca/cleanair-airpur/default.asp?lang=En&n=2309FEF9-1&meta=1. [Accessed: Sept 18, 2009].

• Collects data • Instructs a node to permit or prevent power flow to appliance

Base Station

• UI accessed through any web-enabled device

User Interface