skeletal system. functions of the skeletal system think! – what are the four levels of...
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Skeletal System
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Functions of the Skeletal System• THINK! – What are the four levels of
organization?• Cells, Tissues, Organs, Organ Systems
• Provides shape & support (206 bones)
• Allows for body movement with its 26 vertebrae in the backbone
• Protects the internal organs
• Produces blood cells
• Stores certain materials like calcium and phosphorus
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Activity: Turn to your partner and Label the Human Skeleton
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Joints of the Skeleton
• Brain Pop: How Joints Work!
• Places in the body where two bones meet
• Immovable Joints
• allows no movement
• bones of skull & ribs to sternum
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Joints of Skeleton
• Ball & Socket Joint
• allows the greatest range of motion
• Shoulder & Hip
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Joints of Skeleton
• Pivot Joint
• Allows one bone to rotate around another
• Neck, arm (radius)
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Joints of Skeleton
• Hinge Joint
• Allows forward & backward motion
• Knee, Elbow, Phalanges,
Mandible
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Joints of Skeleton
• Gliding Joint
• allows one bone to slide over another
• allows bend and flex as well as limited side-to-side motion
• Wrist, ankles, vertebrae
• THINK! – What connective tissue connects bone to bone?
• Ligaments
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Bone Growth• THINK! – Take a look at
the picture to the right. How do you think a child’s bones grow over time?• Cartilage is replaced
slowly by bone as solid tissue grows outward. Over time, the bone reshapes to include blood vessels, nerves, and marrow.
• Osteoblasts are bone forming cells
• Osteoclasts are cells which break down bone releasing calcium into the bloodstream
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Structure of BoneBrain Pop: Bone Structure
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Structure of Bone• Periosteum – membrane that covers all of the
bone except ends
• Compact bone – found underneath membrane• Hard and dense but not solid• Canals carry blood vessels and nerves from bone’s
surface to living bone cells.
• Spongy bone - inside compact bone and at ends
• Marrow (contained in bone spaces)• Red - produces body’s blood cells• Yellow – stores fat that serves as an energy reserve