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4
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;
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defects_per_million_opportunitieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_markhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorolahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honeywellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlliedSignalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Electrichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Welchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortune_500http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lean_manufacturinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lean_manufacturinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_distributionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Normal_Distribution_PDF.svghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Defects_per_million_opportunitieshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service_markhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Motorolahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2006http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Honeywellhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/AlliedSignalhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_Electrichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jack_Welchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fortune_500http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lean_manufacturinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lean_manufacturinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_distribution


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0
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_meanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflection_pointhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_deviationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_deviationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_populationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_capabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_capabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arithmetic_meanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inflection_pointhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sigmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_deviationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Standard_deviationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statistical_populationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meanhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_capability


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~tahckp{ @a} `l{kauctc` pbip ig i``lpluc }i{ kis{lgm lo~cteckplag{ lg

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Jikf ae atlmlgijlp|

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Gapc` ysijlp| cr~ctp* Ha{c~b O' Hstig* bi{ `c{ktldc` [lr [lmoi i{ $i di{lk

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âpcgplij gcmipluc ceeckp{

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l{ ipptldspc` pa $ig igij|{l{ d| Kbitjc{ Bajjig` ae kag{sjplgm elto Ysij~ta

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itplkjc l{ pbip [lr [lmoi l{ ceeckpluc ip }bip lp l{ lgpcg`c` pa à* dsp pbip lp l{

94
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I Ds{lgc{{ ]ccf itplkjc {i|{ pbip Hioc{ OkGctgc|-{ lgpta`skplag ae [lr

[lmoi ip ;O oi| biuc bi` pbc ceeckp ae {plejlgm ktciplulp|' Lp klpc{ p}a

]bitpag [kbaaj ~taec{{at{ }ba {i| pbip [lr [lmoi jci`{ pa lgktcocgpij

lggauiplag ip pbc cr~cg{c ae djsc/{f| }atf'

Di{c` ag itdlptit| {pigìt`{

]bljc ;'0 `ceckp{ ~ct oljjlag a~~atpsglplc{ olmbp }atf }cjj eat kctpilg

~ta`skp{!~takc{{c{* lp olmbp gap dc l`cij at ka{p/ceeckpluc eat apbct{' I

~ikcoifct~takc{{ olmbp gcc` blmbct {pigìt`{* eat crio~jc* }bctci{ i

`ltckp oilj iùctpl{lgm kio~ilmg olmbp gcc` ja}ct agc{' Pbc di{l{ ig`

hs{plelkiplag eat kbaa{lgm 5 i{ pbc gsodct ae {pigìt` `culiplag{ l{ gap

kjcitj| cr~jilgc`' Lg i``lplag* pbc [lr [lmoi oa`cj i{{soc{ pbip pbc ~takc{{

ìpi ij}i|{ kageato pa pbc gatoij l{ptldsplag' Pbc kijksjiplag ae `ceckp

tipc{ eat {lpsiplag{ }bctc pbc gatoij `l{ptldsplag oa`cj àc{ gap i~~j| l{ gap

~ta~ctj| i``tc{{c` lg pbc ksttcgp [lr [lmoijlpctipstc'

Ktlplkl{o ae pbc 9'3 {lmoi {blep

Dckis{c ae lp{ itdlptit| gipstc* pbc 9'3 {lmoi {blep bi{ dccg `l{ol{{c` i{

$maae|$ d| pbc {pipl{plklig @agij` H' ]bccjct' Lp{ sgluct{ij i~~jlkidljlp| l{

{ccg i{ àsdpesj'

Pbc 9'3 {lmoi {blep bi{ ij{a dccg kagpcgplas{ dckis{c lp tc{sjp{ lg {pipc`

9;
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_McNerneyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_McNerneyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3Mhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wharton_School_of_the_University_of_Pennsylvaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_pacemakerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_mailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_distributionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_J._Wheelerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_McNerneyhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3Mhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wharton_School_of_the_University_of_Pennsylvaniahttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_pacemakerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Direct_mailhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Normal_distributionhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Donald_J._Wheeler


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${lmoi jcucj{$ pbip tcejckp {batp/pcto tipbct pbig jagm/pcto ~cteatoigkc8 i

~takc{{ pbip bi{ jagm/pcto `ceckp jcucj{ kattc{~ag`lgm pa 0'3 {lmoi

~cteatoigkc l{* d| [lr [lmoi kagucgplag* `c{ktldc` i{ i $5 {lmoi

~takc{{'Pbc ikkc~pc` [lr [lmoi {katlgm {|{pco pbs{ kiggap dc cysipc` pa

ikpsij gatoij `l{ptldsplag ~tadidljlplc{ eat pbc {pipc` gsodct ae {pig`it`

`culiplag{* ig` pbl{ bi{ dccg i fc| dagc ae kagpcgplag idasp ba} [lr [lmoi

oci{stc{ itc `celgc`'Pbc eikp pbip lp l{ titcj| cr~jilgc` pbip i $5 {lmoi$

~takc{{ }ljj biuc jagm/pcto `ceckp tipc{ kattc{~ag`lgm pa 0'3 {lmoi

~cteatoigkc tipbct pbig ikpsij 5 {lmoi ~cteatoigkc bi{ jc` {cuctij

kaoocgpipat{ pa cr~tc{{ pbc a~lglag pbip [lr [lmoi l{ i kagel`cgkc ptlkf'

90
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[lr [lmoi bi{ p}a fc| ocpba`{8 @OILK ig` @OI@U* dapb lg{~ltc` d|

@colgm-{ ^jig/@a/Kbckf/Ikp K|kjc'@OILK l{ s{c` pa lo~tauc ig crl{plgm

ds{lgc{{ ~takc{{6 @OI@U l{ s{c` pa ktcipc gc} ~ta`skp at ~takc{{ `c{lmg{'

@OILK

Pbc di{lk ocpba` kag{l{p{ ae pbc eajja}lgm eluc {pc~{8

/@celgc blmb/jcucj ~tahckp maij{ ig` pbc ksttcgp ~takc{{'

/Oci{stc fc| i{~ckp{ ae pbc ksttcgp ~takc{{ ig` kajjckp tcjcuigp ìpi'

/Igij|xc pbc ìpi pa uctle| kis{c/ig`/ceeckp tcjiplag{bl~{' @cpctolgc }bip

pbc tcjiplag{bl~{ itc* ig` ippco~p pa cg{stc pbip ijj eikpat{ biuc dccg

kag{l`ctc`'

/Lo~tauc at a~plolxc pbc ~takc{{ di{c` s~ag ìpi igij|{l{ s{lgm pckbglysc{

jlfc @c{lmg ae cr~ctlocgp{'

/Kagptaj pa cg{stc pbip ig| `culiplag{ etao pitmcp itc kattckpc` dceatc pbc|

tc{sjp lg `ceckp{' [cp s~ ~ljap tsg{ pa c{pidjl{b~takc{{ ki~idljlp|* oauc ag pa

~ta`skplag* {cp s~ kagptaj ockbigl{o{ ig` kagplgsas{j| oaglpat pbc

~takc{{'

@OI@U

Pbc di{lk ocpba` kag{l{p{ ae pbc eajja}lgm eluc {pc~{8

?@celgc `c{lmg maij{ pbip itc kag{l{pcgp }lpb ks{paoct `coig`{ ig` pbc

cgpct~tl{c {ptipcm|'

?Oci{stc ig` l`cgple| KPY{ "kbitikpctl{plk{ pbip itc Ktlplkij Pa Ysijlp|,*

93
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~ta`skp ki~idljlplc{* ~ta`skplag ~takc{{ ki~idljlp|* ig` tl{f{'

?Igij|xc pa `cucja~ ig` `c{lmg ijpctgipluc{* ktcipc i blmb/jcucj `c{lmg ig`

cuijsipc `c{lmg ki~idljlp| pa {cjckp pbc dc{p `c{lmg'

?@c{lmg `cpilj{* a~plolxc pbc `c{lmg* ig` ~jig eat `c{lmg uctlelkiplag' Pbl{

~bi{c oi| tcysltc {losjiplag{'

?Uctle| pbc `c{lmg* {cp s~ ~ljap tsg{* lo~jcocgp pbc ~ta`skplag ~takc{{ ig`

big` lp auct pa pbc ~takc{{ a}gct{'

@OI@U l{ ij{a fga}g i{ @E[[* ig iddtculiplag ae $@c{lmg Eat [lr

[lmoi$'

Ysijlp| oigimcocgp paaj{ ig` ocpbaàjamlc{ s{c` lg

[lr [lmoi

[lr [lmoi oifc{ s{c ae i mtcip gsodct ae c{pidjl{bc` ysijlp| oigimcocgp

ocpba`{ pbip itc ij{a s{c` asp{l`c ae [lr [lmoi' Pbc eajja}lgm pidjc {ba}{

ig auctulc} ae pbc oilg ocpba`{ s{c`'

3 ]b|{ Igij|{l{ ae uitligkc IGAUI Mismc T%T Irlaoiplk c{lmg Ds{lgc{{ ^takc{{ Oi~~lgm Kipi~sjp crctkl{c ag uitlidljlp| Kis{c % ceeckp{ `limtio "ij{a

fga}g i{ el{bdagc atL{blfi}i`limtio,

Kbl/{ysitc pc{p aelg`c~cg`cgkc ig` elp{

Kagptaj kbitp Kattcjiplag Ka{p/dcgcelp igij|{l{ KPY ptcc

Eiljstc oa`c ig` ceeckp{igij|{l{

Mcgctij jlgcit oa`cj Bl{pamtio{ Baoa{kcì{plklp| îtcpa kbitp ^lkf kbitp

^takc{{ ki~idljlp| Tcmtc{{lag igij|{l{ Taap kis{c igij|{l{ Tsg kbitp{ [LÂK igij|{l{ "[s~~jlct{*

Lg~sp{* takc{{* Asp~sp{*Ks{paoct{,

[ptiplelkiplag

95
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Whyshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analysis_of_variancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANOVA_Gauge_R%26Rhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axiomatic_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Process_Mappinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishikawa_diagramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishikawa_diagramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi-square_testhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_charthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost-benefit_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CTQ_treehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failure_mode_and_effects_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failure_mode_and_effects_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_linear_modelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histogramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homoscedasticityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareto_charthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pick_charthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_capabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regression_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_cause_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run_charthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIPOChttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/5_Whyshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Analysis_of_variancehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ANOVA_Gauge_R%26Rhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Axiomatic_designhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Business_Process_Mappinghttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishikawa_diagramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ishikawa_diagramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi-square_testhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Control_charthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Correlationhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cost-benefit_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CTQ_treehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failure_mode_and_effects_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Failure_mode_and_effects_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_linear_modelhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Histogramhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Homoscedasticityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pareto_charthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pick_charthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Process_capabilityhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Regression_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Root_cause_analysishttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Run_charthttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SIPOC


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Ysigplpipluc oitfcplgm tc{citkbpbtasmb s{c aeCgpct~tl{cEcc`dikf Oigimcocgp "CEO,{|{pco{

@c{lmg ae cr~ctlocgp{

Pimskbl ocpba`{ Pbasmbp ~takc{{ oi~

PTLX

Jl{p ae [lr [lmoi {aep}itc ~ikfimc{

Pbctc itc mcgctijj| p}a kji{{c{ ae {aep}itc s{c` pa {s~~atp [lr [lmoi8

Igij|{l{ paaj{* }blkb itc s{c` pa ~cteato {pipl{plkij at ~takc{{

igij|{l{

^tamtio oigimcocgp paaj{* s{c` pa oigimc ig` ptikf i kat~atiplag-{

cgpltc [lr [lmoi ~tamtio

Igij|{l{ paaj{

/CgmlgcTaao d| Oatc[pcio

/LDO ]cd[~bctc Ds{lgc{{ Oa`cjct

/lMtier ^takc{{ eat [lr [lmoi

/HO^

/Olkta{aep Ul{la

/Olglpid

/Ysijlp| Kao~iglag d| Olglpid

/[lmoiRJ

/[aep}itc IM}cdOcpba`{ D^O [slpc

/[pipmti~blk{

/[PIPL[PLKI

9=
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantitative_marketing_researchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_Feedback_Managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_Feedback_Managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_of_experimentshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taguchi_methodshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thought_process_maphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRIZhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_Sigmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MoreSteam&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IGrafxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JMP_(statistical_software)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Visiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minitabhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minitabhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_AGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebMethodshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statgraphicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STATISTICAhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quantitative_marketing_researchhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_Feedback_Managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enterprise_Feedback_Managementhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Design_of_experimentshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Taguchi_methodshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Thought_process_maphttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TRIZhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Six_Sigmahttp://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=MoreSteam&action=edit&redlink=1http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IBMhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/IGrafxhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/JMP_(statistical_software)http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microsoft_Visiohttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minitabhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Minitabhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Software_AGhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/WebMethodshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Statgraphicshttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/STATISTICA


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/Pcjcjamlk [|{pco Itkblpckp

/Ikpsipc

/Pbc Sg{ktiodjct

/[cjckp Itkblpckp Ds{lgc{{ ^takc{{ Oa`cjlgm

92
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telelogichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actuatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Unscramblerhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Telelogichttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actuatehttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Unscrambler


19/68

[LR [LMOI PAAJDAR

Lg i ki~idljlp| {ps`| *{lmoi tcect{ pa pbc gsodct ae {pigìt` `culiplag

dcp}ccg pbc ~takc{{ ocig ig` pbc gcitc{p {~cklelkiplag jlolp* tipbct pbig pbc

{pigìt` `culiplag ae pbc ~takcc* }blkb l{ ij{a oci{stc` lg {lmoi'

Eikp [bccp

[lr [lmoi lg i gsp{bcjj' Pbl{ l{ i {lo~jc *kagkl{c auctulc} ae [lr [lmoi'

Fc| ~bti{c{* kagkc~p{ ig` di{lk ikplulplc{ itc {sooitlxc`'

[lr [lmoi ^tc{cgpiplag

Ig lgpta`skpat| ~a}ct ~algp ~tc{cgpiplag ag [lr [lmoi' S{c pbl{ àksocgp

pa mcgctipc `l{ks{{lag{ lg |ast a}g atmiglxiplag at i{ ~itp ae ig i}itcgc{{

dslj`lgm kio~ilmg'

Auctulc} àksocgp

Pbl{ àksocgp kig dc s{c` pa {pitp `l{ks{{lag{ idasp [lr [lmoi' Lp cr~jilg{

fc| kagkc~p{ ig` paskbc{ ag ptilglgm cjcocgp{ tcysltc`' Lp l{ oatc lg `c~pb

pbig pbc eikp {bccp{* dsp {pljj ci{| ig` yslkf pa pifc lg'

]atf{ba~ ^tc{cgpiplag

Pbl{ ~tc{cgpiplag kig dc pbc di{l{ eat i bije ì| jagm }atf{ba~ }lpb

kajjcimsc{ lguajuc` lg lg l{ks{{lgm i [lr [lmoi ~tahckp' Lp lgkjs`c{

{~cifct gapc{ ig` crctkl{c{ pa bcj~ codc` pbc kagkc~p ae {lr {lmoi'

9


20/68

Dslj`lgm i [lr [lmoi atmiglxiplag

I `aksocgp pbip ~sjj{ ga ~sgkbc{ idasp pbc {atp{ ae kaoolpocgp ig` {fljj{gcc`c` pa cg{stc i {skkc{{esj lglplipluc'

[lr [lmoi kijksjipat

Pbl{ {lo~jc pa s{c ig` di{lk kijksjipat ijja}{ |as pa cgpct {aoc uijsc{ lgpa

kcjj{ ig` {cc pbc cysluijcgp [lr [lmoi tc{sjp{'

[lr [lmoi [pitpct{ @aksocgp

Crpcg{luc Cr~jigiplag ag [lr [lmoi* pbip kig dc pifcg i{ i }atf pbtasmb

pspatlij ag [lr [lmoi' Kauct{ pbc bl{pat| ae [lr {lmoi* [lr [lmoi ka{p{ ig`

{iulgm'

@celglgm tcysltcocgp{

Agc ae pbc oa{p lo~atpigp i{~ckp{ lg sg`ctpiflgm ig| oihat lglplipluc l{ pa

sg`ct{pig` }bip pbc tcysltcocgp{ eat pbc lglplipluc itc'

Oipstlp| [katc

I {batp tculc} ae pbc {katlgm {|{pco s{c` lg pbc i{{c{{ocgp'

4>


21/68

LO^JCOCGPIPLAG TAJC[

Agc ae pbc fc| lggauiplag{ ae [lr [lmoi l{ pbc ~taec{{lagijlxlgm ae ysijlp|

oigimcocgp esgkplag{' ^tlat pa [lr [lmoi* ysijlp| oigimcocgp lg ~tikplkc

}i{ jitmcj| tcjcmipc` pa pbc ~ta`skplag ejaat ig` pa {pipl{plklig{ lg i {c~itipc

ysijlp| c~itpocgp' [lr [lmoi datta}{ oitplij itp{ tigflgm pctolgajam| pa

`celgc i blctitkb| "ig` kitcct ~ipb, pbip ksp{ ikta{{ ijj ds{lgc{{ esgkplag{

ig` i ~taoaplag ~ipb {ptilmbp lgpa pbc crckspluc {slpc'

[lr [lmoi l`cgplelc{ {cuctij fc| tajc{ eat lp{ {skkc{{esj lo~jcocgpiplag'

Crckspluc Jci`ct{bl~ lgkjs`c{ pbc KCA ig` apbct ocodct{ ae pa~

oigimcocgp' Pbc| itc tc{~ag{ldjc eat {cpplgm s~ i ul{lag eat [lr [lmoi

lo~jcocgpiplag' Pbc| ij{a co~a}ct pbc apbct tajc baj`ct{ }lpb pbc

etcc`ao ig` tc{astkc{ pa cr~jatc gc} l`ci{ eat dtcifpbtasmb

lo~taucocgp{'

Kbio~lag{ itc tc{~ag{ldjc eat [lr [lmoi lo~jcocgpiplag ikta{{ pbc

atmiglxiplag lg ig lgpcmtipc` oiggct' Pbc Crckspluc Jci`ct{bl~ `ti}{

pbco etao s~~ct oigimcocgp' Kbio~lag{ ij{a ikp i{ ocgpat{ pa Djikf

Dcjp{'

Oi{pct Djikf Dcjp{* l`cgplelc` d| kbio~lag{* ikp i{ lg/bas{c kaikbc{

ag [lr [lmoi' Pbc| `cuapc 9>># ae pbclt ploc pa [lr [lmoi' Pbc| i{{l{p

kbio~lag{ ig` msl`c Djikf Dcjp{ ig` Mtccg Dcjp{' I~itp etao {pipl{plkij

pi{f{* pbclt ploc l{ {~cgp ag cg{stlgm kag{l{pcgp i~~jlkiplag ae [lr [lmoi

ikta{{ uitlas{ esgkplag{ ig` `c~itpocgp{'

49
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Djikf Dcjp{ a~ctipc sg`ct Oi{pct Djikf Dcjp{ pa i~~j| [lr [lmoi

ocpbaàjam| pa {~cklelk ~tahckp{' Pbc| `cuapc 9>># ae pbclt ploc pa [lr

[lmoi' Pbc| ~tloitlj| eaks{ ag [lr [lmoi ~tahckp crcksplag* }bctci{

Kbio~lag{ ig` Oi{pct Djikf Dcjp{ eaks{ ag l`cgple|lgm

~tahckp{!esgkplag{ eat [lr [lmoi'

Mtccg Dcjp{ itc pbc co~ja|cc{ }ba pifc s~ [lr [lmoi

lo~jcocgpiplag ijagm }lpb pbclt apbct had tc{~ag{ldljlplc{' Pbc| a~ctipc

sg`ct pbc mslìgkcae Djikf Dcjp{'

PBC 5 ESG@IOCGPIJ[ AE [LR [LMOI

PTILGLGM

Pbc gcc` eat [lr [lmoi ptilglgm bi{ itl{cg eajja}lgm p}a tci{ag{' Agc* pbc

`coig`{ ae lg`s{pt| kasj` gap dc ocp }lpb pbc crl{plgm jlolpc` ysijlp|

i{{stigkc ocpba`{ ig` p}a* pbc ptcocgàs{ elgigklij a~~atpsglplc{ eat

kat~atiplag{ pbip pbc 5 {lmoi ocpbaàjam| l{ ktciplgm ae jipc' Oig| }cjj/

fga}g atmiglxiplag{ biuc `cucja~c` pbclt a}g [lr [lmoi ptilglgm lg{plpspc{*

eat lg bas{c ptilglgm ae pbclt co~ja|cc{' Tcijlxlgm pbc `coig` pbip kasj` gap

dc ocp d| kao~iglc{ d| pbco{cjuc{* oig| ptilglgm lg{plpspc{ ig`

sgluct{lplc{ biuc kaoc eat}it` ig` `cucja~c` di{lk [lr [lmoi ptilglgm

kast{c{'

@leectcgkc{ Lg [lr [lmoi Ptilglgm Di{lk{

I yslkf jaaf ip pbc [lr [lmoi ptilglgm kast{c kagpcgp{ ae uitlas{ lg{plpspc{

44


23/68

looc`lipcj| {ba}{ pbip pbc| uit| }l`cj| lg pbclt kcgptij eaks{* }bljc {pljj

fcc~lgm pbc esgìocgpij{ ae [lr [lmoi ptilglgm kagpcgp lgpikp' Ba}cuct*

pbl{ l{ bit`j| {st~tl{lgm }bcg agc tcijlxc{ pbip kat~atiplag{ `cul{c kast{c{

eat ptilglgm pbclt a}g co~ja|cc{ eat oatc ejcrldljlp|' Ba}cuct* pbc [lr

[lmoi ptilglgm ksttlksji ~tc~itc` d| lg`c~cg`cgp ptilglgm lg{plpspc{ ig`

sgluct{lplc{ kja{cj| tc{codjc cikb apbct* dtlglgm ktc`cgkc ig` sgleatolp| pa

ijj [lr [lmoi ptilglgm'

Pbc Di{lk{ Ae [lr [lmoi Ptilglgm

@leectcgkc{ gap}lpb{pig`lgm* pbc kcgptij pbcoc ae [lr [lmoi ptilglgm

tcysltc` eat kctplelkiplag os{p tcoilg {ioc' Pbc{c itc pbc {lr katc di{lk

cjcocgp{ ae [lr [lmoi ptilglgm8

9' I pbatasmb ig` kao~jcpc ptilglgm ag pbc @OILK ~takc{{ ig` 5 {lmoi

ocpbaàjam|8 Pbl{ lguajuc{ eioljlitlxlgm ptilgcc{ ag {pipl{plk{ ig` lp{

i~~jlkiplag{* pbc eluc fc| cjcocgp{ ae pbc @OILK ~takc{{* ig` pbc

lo~jcocgpiplag ae pbl{ ocpbaàjam|'

4' Pbc tajc{ ae cikb fc| ~ct{ag8 Cikb ~ct{ag lg pbc atmiglxiplag ~ji|{ i

ktlplkij tajc lg pbc lo~jcocgpiplag ae 5 {lmoi' Pbs{* [lr [lmoi ptilglgm

gcc`{ pa eaks{ ag sg`ct{pig`lgm pbc fc| cjcocgp{ ae cuct| ~ct{ag{ tajc ig`

pbc {fljj pa kaoosglkipc }lpb fc| ~ji|ct{ ikta{{ pbc atmiglxiplag'

;' @cucja~lgm idljlplc{ pa `celgc ig` }atf ag ~tahckp{8 Lg [lr [lmoi

ptilglgm* pbc co~bi{l{ l{ ~jikc` ag pbc {ptciojlglgm ae ~takc{{c{* eaks{lgm

ag pbc katc kao~cpcgklc{ ae cikb ae pbc{c' [lr [lmoi ptilglgm ij{a eaks{c{

4;


24/68

ag l`cgple|lgm ig` `cucja~lgm dtcifpbtasmb ~takc{{c{* ~ta`skp{ ig`!at

{ctulkc{' I{ i tc{sjp* taap kis{c igij|{l{ ig` ktl{l{ oigimcocgp idljlplc{

dckaoc pbc fc| pa `cucja~lgm uct{ipljc oigimcocgp idljlplc{'

0' Kta{{ ptilglgm gckc{{lp|8 Pbc `c~ja|ocgp ae [lr [lmoi ocpbaàjamlc{

~sp{ pbc co~bi{l{ ag i pcio/di{c` i~~taikb' Gipstijj|* ysijlplc{ {skb i{

lgpct~ct{agij {fljj{* idljlp| pa kaoosglkipc ceeckplucj|* ig` idljlp| pa

ptig{ect fga}jc`mc ig` kjitle| l{{sc{ itc ij{a lo~atpigp' [bitlgm ae

fga}jc`mc ikta{{ pbc atmiglxiplag l{ ktsklij eat pa pbc {skkc{{ ae 5 {lmoi

lo~jcocgpiplag'

3' ^tadjco [ajulgm Paaj{8 Lg [lr [lmoi ocpbaàjamlc{* ~tadjco/{ajulgm

paaj{ itc {pipl{plkij' [lr [lmoi ptilglgm c{{cgplijj| pcikbc{ ijj pba{c lguajuc`

lg pbc lo~jcocgpiplag ba} pa s{c {pipl{plkij paaj{ lg at`ct pa igij|xc i

~tadjco ig` {ajuc lp' [lr [lmoi ptilglgm pckbglysc{ i{{soc pbip ijj

kig`lìpc{ à gap gckc{{itlj| biuc eatoij ptilglgm lg {pipl{plk{'

5' ^tc{cgpiplag ig` kja{lgm pckbglysc{8 Lg [lr [lmoi ptilglgm* cuct|agc l{

pismbp ba} pa oifc ~tc{cgpiplag{ pa oigimcocgp ig` apbct `ckl{lag/

oifct{' [lr [lmoi ptilglgm ij{a eaks{c{ ag ba} pa oifc pbc ptig{lplag pa

kja{lgm ~tahckp{ iepct pbclt kagkjs{lag at idigàgocgp'

Ijj [lr [lmoi ptilglgm adhckpluc{ itc plc` pa i ysijlp|/elt{p ~ajlk|' Lg i

gsp{bcjj* [lr [lmoi ptilglgm lg{ptskp{ {ps`cgp{ ag ba} pa `l{{ckp lgeatoiplag*

igij|xc lp* uijlìpc pbc tc{sjp{* ig` lo~jcocgp'

40


25/68

PTILGLGM % KCTPLELKIPLAG

[lr [lmoi Kbio~lag ptilglgm* Oi{pct Djikf Dcjp Kctplelkiplag* Djikf Dcjp

Kctplelkiplag ig` Mtccg Dcjp Kctplelkiplag* itc pbc east kaooag jcucj{ s{lgm

}blkb [lr [lmoi l{ jcitgp ig` `c~ja|c`

[LR [LMOI MTCCG DCJP KCTPLELKIPLAG

Lgpta`skplag

[lr [lmoi ocpbaàjam| bi{ ~tauc` lp{ }atpb eat kao~iglc{ ae ijj {lxc{*

kao~jcrlplc{* {ckpat{ ig` kipcmatlc{' Eat ig| Atmiglxiplag pbip }igp{

Dtcifpbtasmb Lo~taucocgp{ ig` bi{ pbc kaoolpocgp* [lr [lmoi }ljj

`cjluct* sgàsdpc`j|)

Adhckpluc

Pa ~taul`c big`{/ag ~tikplkc ag [lr [lmoi paaj{ eat lo~jcocgpct{* {a pbip

pbc| kig lglplipc ig` kitt| pbtasmb [lr [lmoi ^tahckp{ ip pbclt }atf~jikc'

]ba {basj` ippcg`1

Oigimcocgp ^taec{{lagij{ "Ig|agc tc{~ag{ldjc at fccg pa dtlgm ul{ldjc

dtcifpbtasmb lo~taucocgp{ lg fc| ~takc{{c{,'

Aspjlgc

Pbc east/ì| Mtccg Dcjp kctplelkiplag ~tamtio ~taul`c{ ig sg`ct{pig`lgm ae

cikb {pc~ lg pbc @celgc* Oci{stc* Igij|xc* Lo~tauc ig` Kagptaj "@OILK,

ocpbaàjam| ig` oig| ae pbc i{{aklipc` igij|{l{ paaj{' Pbl{ ~tamtio

kaodlgc{ jckpstc* kji{{ crctkl{c{* ki{c {ps`lc{* ig` pcio crctkl{c{'

43


26/68

Ptilgct ^taeljc

9' [lr [lmoi Oi{pct Djikf Dcjp }ba bi{ kag`skpc` {katc{ ae ptilglgm

~tamtio{ ig` ptilgc` oatc pbig i pbas{ig` ~taec{{lagij{ lg [lr [lmoi' Bc

bi{ osjpl/lg`s{pt| cr~a{stc "oigseikpstlgm ig` {ctulkc{ {ckpat{, ig` bi{

dccg lgpa Ds{lgc{{ Lo~taucocgp tajc{ i{ i kag{sjpigp* is`lpat ig` ptilgct'

AT

4' D'Pckb* O'D'I* Ô^* [lr [lmoi Oi{pct Djikf Dcjp* [lr [lmoi Djikf

Dcjp "MC Iltktiep Cgmlgc{,' Bc bi{ dccg lgpa Ds{lgc{{ lo~taucocgp tajc{ i{

i ODD* DD* Kag{sjpigp ig` Ptilgct lg LP % LPC[ lg`s{pt| eat auct = |cit{'

Bc bi{ ptilgc` oatc pbig 3>> ~taec{{lagij{ ag [lr [lmoi ig` ocgpatc`

oatc pbig 9>> MD ! DD ~tahckp{'

Kctplelkiplag

Ijj ~itplkl~igp{ }ba kao~jcpc pbc ~tamtio {skkc{{esjj| "kjcitlgm pbc pc{p ag

eastpb ì|,* {bijj dc kctplelc`' Ig i``lplagij ~tahckp kao~jcplag kctplelkipc

kig dc ikblcuc` d| kig`lìpc{ }ba kao~jcpc i Mtccg Dcjp ~tahckp ig`

{sdolp i ~tahckp tc~atp

[LR [LMOI DJIKF DCJP KCTPLELKIPLAGLgpta`skplag

[lr/ì| [lr [lmoi Djikf Dcjp kctplelkiplag ~tamtio pa `cucja~ kao~cpcgkc

ag pbc blmb tlmat paaj{ ig` pckbglysc{ ae [lr [lmoi' Pbl{ ~tamtio l{

crkjs{lucj| eat [lr [lmoi Mtccg Dcjp{ pa cgidjc pbco jcitg Djikf Dcjp Paaj{

45


27/68

ig` i~~jlkiplag ae [lr [lmoi [aep}itc "Olglpid, }lpb ki{c {ps`lc{ ig`

{losjiplag{'

Adhckpluc

Pa ~taul`c fga}jc`mc ig` big`{/ag ~tikplkc ag [lr [lmoi Djikf Dcjp paaj{

ig` pckbglysc{ ig` uctle| kao~cpcgkc pbtasmb kctplelkiplag ~takc{{'

]ba {basj` ippcg`1

[lr [lmoi Ptilgc`! Kctplelc` Mtccg Dcjp{'

Kast{c Aspjlgc

Pbc ~tamtio kaodlgc{ jckpstc* ki{c {ps`lc{* ig` pcio crctkl{c{' Pbc

~tamtio {pitp{ }lpb i ~tc/kast{c pc{p }blkb {ctuc{ i{ i tcetc{bct ag [lr

[lmoi Mtccg Dcjp jcitglgm' Pbc ^tamtio tsg{ }lpb ki{c {ps`lc{ dclgm {ajuc`

s{lgm Olglpid' Cikb kig`lìpc }atf{ ag ìpi ig` crctkl{c{ ag Olglpid

`stlgm pbc {c{{lag{' D| pbc cg` ae pbc [lr [lmoi Djikf Dcjp ~tamtio*

kig`lìpc{ {bijj biuc sg`ct{paa` kagkc~p{ ig` i~~jlkiplag ae iùigkc` [lr

[lmoi paaj{6 {bijj biuc kao~jcpc` p}a ~tikplkc ~tahckp{ ig` }asj` dc tci`|

pa lglplipc Djikf Dcjp ~tahckp{ ip }atf ~jikc'

Ptilgct ^taeljc

9' Jcig [lr [lmoi Oi{pct Djikf Dcjp }ba bi{ kag`skpc` bsg`tc`{ ae

ptilglgm ~tamtio{ ig` ptilgc` oatc pbig east pbas{ig` ~taec{{lagij{ lg [lr

[lmoi' Bc bi{ osjpl/lg`s{pt| cr~a{stc "oigseikpstlgm ig` {ctulkc{ {ckpat{,

ig` bi{ dccg lgpa Ds{lgc{{ Lo~taucocgp tajc{ i{ i kag{sjpigp* is`lpat ig`

4=


28/68

ptilgct' AT

4' D' Pckb* O[ Cgmm* ^b' @' Cgmm* ODI* Ô^* bi{ dccg lgpa [lr [lmoi

tajc{ i{ i Djikf Dcjp* Oi{pct Djikf Dcjp* @c~ja|ocgp Kbio~lag eat 9>

|cit{ lg jci`lgm kao~iglc{ lgkjs`lgm Kipct~ljjit ig` ^bljl~{ Jlmbplgm' Bc

bi{ ~taucg cr~ctpl{c lg àlgm big`{/ag esgkplagij ~tahckp{ lg Ikkasgplgm*

@c{lmg* [s~~j| Kbilg* Oigseikpstlgm % LP* lg ptilglgm Dcjp{* ig` lg jci`lgm

i [lmoi ^tamtio {iulgm{ oljjlag{ eat i jitmc atmigl{iplag'

Kctplelkiplag

Ijj ~itplkl~igp{ }ba kao~jcpc pbc ~tamtio {skkc{{esjj| "ki{c {ps`| ig` pc{p

ag {lrpb ì|,* {bijj dc i}it`c` i [lr [lmoi Djikf Dcjp Kctplelkipc' Ig

i``lplagij ^tahckp Kao~jcplag Kctplelkipc kig dc ikblcuc` d| kig`lìpc{ }ba

kao~jcpc i Djikf Dcjp ~tahckp ig` {sdolp pbc ~tahckp tc~atp' I ~tikplkc

~tahckp }lpb kao~jcpc ìpi ig` ki{c bl{pat| {bijj dc ~taul`c` pa kig`lìpc{'

[LR [LMOI @e[[ DJIKF DCJP KCTPLELKIPLAG

Lgpta`skplag

Eluc/ì| [lr [lmoi @e[[ Djikf Dcjp kctplelkiplag ~tamtio pa `cucja~

kao~cpcgkc ag dslj`lgm `c{lmg kao~cpcgkc }lpb [lr [lmoi' Pbl{ ~tamtio l{

crkjs{lucj| eat [lr [lmoi Mtccg Dcjp{ ig`!at Djikf Dcjp{ pa cgidjc pbco

jcitg @e[[ Djikf Dcjp Paaj{ ig` i~~jlkiplag ae [lr [lmoi [aep}itc

"Olglpid, }lpb ki{c {ps`lc{ ig` {losjiplag{'

42


29/68

Adhckpluc

Pa ~taul`c fga}jc`mc ig` big`{/ag ~tikplkc ag [lr [lmoi Djikf Dcjp paaj{

ig` pckbglysc{ ig` uctle| kao~cpcgkc pbtasmb kctplelkiplag ~takc{{'

]ba {basj` ippcg`1

[lr [lmoi Ptilgc`! Kctplelc` Mtccg Dcjp{ at [lr [lmoi Ptilgc`! Kctplelc`

Djikf Dcjp{

Kast{c Aspjlgc

Pbc ~tamtio kaodlgc{ jckpstc* ki{c {ps`lc{* ig` pcio crctkl{c{' Pbc

~tamtio {pitp{ }lpb i ~tc/kast{c yslx }blkb {ctuc{ i{ i tcetc{bct ag [lr

[lmoi Mtccg Dcjp jcitlgm' Pbc ^tamtio tsg{ }lpb ki{c {ps`lc{ dclgm {ajuc`

s{lgm Olglpid' Cikb kig`lìpc }atf{ ag ìpi ig` crctkl{c{ ag Olglpid

`stlgm pbc {c{{lag{' D| pbc cg` ae pbc [lr [lmoi @e[[ Djikf Dcjp ~tamtio*

kig`lìpc{ {bijj biuc sg`ct{paa` kagkc~p{ ig` i~~jlkiplag ae iùigkc` [lr

[lmoi @c{lmg paaj{6 {bijj biuc kao~jcpc` agc ~tikplkc ~tahckp ig` }asj` dc

tci`| pa lglplipc Djikf Dcjp ~tahckp{ ip }atf ~jikc'

Ptilgct ^taeljc

D' Pckb* O[ Cgmm* ^b' @' Cgmm* ODI* Ô^* bi{ dccg lgpa [lr [lmoi tajc{

i{ i Djikf Dcjp* Oi{pct Djikf Dcjp* @c~ja|ocgp Kbio~lag eat 9> |cit{ lg

jci`lgm kao~iglc{ lgkjs`lgm Kipct~ljjit ig` ^bljl~{ Jlmbplgm' Bc bi{ ~taucg

cr~ctpl{c lg àlgm big`{/ag esgkplagij ~tahckp{ lg Ikkasgplgm* @c{lmg*

[s~~j| Kbilg* Oigseikpstlgm % LP* lg ptilglgm Dcjp{* ig` lg jci`lgm i [lmoi

4


30/68

^tamtio {iulgm{ oljjlag{ eat i jitmc atmigl{iplag'

Kctplelkiplag

Ijj ~itplkl~igp{ }ba kao~jcpc pbc~tamtio {skkc{{esjj| "ki{c {ps`| ig` pc{p

ag elepb ì|,* {bijj dc i}it`c` i [lr [lmoi @e[[ Djikf Dcjp Kctplelkipc' Ig

i``lplagij ^tahckp Kao~jcplag Kctplelkipc kig dc ikblcuc` d| kig`lìpc{ }ba

kao~jcpc i @e[[ Djikf Dcjp ~tahckp ig` {sdolp pbc ~tahckp tc~atp' I ~tikplkc

~tahckp }lpb ìpi ig` ki{c bl{pat| {bijj dc ~taul`c` pa kig`lìpc{'

[LR [LMOI OI[PCT DJIKF DCJP

KCTPLELKIPLAG

Lgpta`skplag

Pbc 2/ì| [lr [lmoi Oi{pct Djikf Dcjp ~tamtio l{ `c{lmgc` pa ~taul`c

iùigkc` {lr {lmoi paaj{ ptilglgm % cgbigkc {lr {lmoi jci`ct{bl~ {fljj{'

Pbl{ ~tamtio l{ crkjs{lucj| eat [lr [lmoi Djikf Dcjp{ pa cgidjc pbco jci`

{lr {lmoi lglplipluc ig` ocgpat % ptilg {lr {lmoi MD-{ !DD-{ lg pbclt

atmiglxiplag{'

Adhckpluc

Pa ~taul`c lg/`c~pb sg`ct{pig`lgm ae [lr [lmoi paaj{ % pckbglysc{ ig` pa

`cucja~ jci`ct{bl~ {fljj{ pa i~~j| {lr {lmoi ocpbaàjam| lg ig atmiglxiplag'

Pbc {lr {lmoi pckbglkij ig` jci`ct{bl~ kao~cpcgklc{ }ljj dc uctlelc`

pbtasmb kctplelkiplag ~takc{{'

;>


31/68

]ba {basj` ippcg`1

[lr [lmoi Ptilgc`! Kctplelc` Djikf Dcjp{'

Kast{c Aspjlgc

Pbc ~tamtio kaodlgc{ jckpstc* {losjiplag{* ki{c {ps`lc{* ig` pcio

crctkl{c{' D| pbc cg` ae pbc [lr [lmoi Djikf Dcjp ~tamtio* kig`lìpc{ {bijj

biuc sg`ct{paa` kagkc~p{ ig` i~~jlkiplag ae iùigkc` [lr [lmoi paaj{ ig`

jci`ct{bl~ kagkc~p{6 ig` }asj` dc tci`| pa ptilg!ocgpat Mtccg Dcjp{ ig`

Djikf Dcjp{ ip }atf ~jikc'

Eiksjp| ^taeljc

9' D' Pckb* ODI* Jcig [lr [lmoi Oi{pct Djikf Dcjp }ba bi{ kag`skpc`

bsg`tc`{ ae ptilglgm ~tamtio{ ig` ptilgc` oatc pbig east pbas{ig`

~taec{{lagij{ ag [lr [lmoi' Bc bi{ osjpl lg`s{pt| cr~a{stc "oigseikpstlgm

% {ctulkc {ckpat{, ig` bi{ dccg lgpa ds{lgc{{ lo~taucocgp tajc{ i{ i

ds{lgc{{ jci`ct* kag{sjpigp* is`lpat ig` ptilgct' IG@!AT

4' D' Pckb* O[ Cgmm* ^b' @' Cgmm* ODI* Ô^* bi{ dccg lgpa [lr [lmoi

tajc{ i{ i Djikf Dcjp* Oi{pct Djikf Dcjp* @c~ja|ocgp Kbio~lag eat 9>

|cit{ lg jci`lgm kao~iglc{ lgkjs`lgm Kipct~ljjit ig` ^bljl~{ Jlmbplgm' Bc

bi{ ~taucg cr~ctpl{c lg àlgm big`{/ag esgkplagij ~tahckp{ lg Ikkasgplgm*

@c{lmg* [s~~j| Kbilg* Oigseikpstlgm % LP* lg ptilglgm Dcjp{* ig` lg jci`lgm

i [lmoi ^tamtio {iulgm{ oljjlag{ eat i jitmc atmigl{iplag'

Kctplelkiplag

;9


32/68

Ijj ~itplkl~igp{ }ba kao~jcpc pbc ~tamtio {skkc{{esjj| "ikblcuc i # ig`

idauc mti`c lg ODD pc{p ag ji{p ì| ae ~tamtio,* {bijj dc i}it`c` ODD

ptilgc` kctplelkipc' Kig`lìpc{ {basj` kao~jcpc eajja}lgm ikplag{ pa mcp D[[

ODD kctplelkiplag'

9' Kao~jcpc 4 Djikf Dcjp jcucj {lr {lmoi ~tahckp{ "at, Ocgpat 3 Mtccg Dcjp !

Djikf Dcjp jcucj {lr {lmoi ~tahckp{'

4' Ka/pcikb eat 4 pa 0 bt{ "di{c` ag cr~ctlcgkc, lg ig| ae D[[ MD!DD

~tamtio{ "at, ~taul`c cul`cgkc ae 2> bt{ ae [lr [lmoi ptilglgm'

JCIG OIGIMCOCGP KCTPLELKIPLAGLgpta`skplag

Jcig Oigimcocgp l{ i ds{lgc{{ {|{pco eat atmiglxlgm ig` oigimlgm

`cucja~ocgp* a~ctiplag{* {s~~jlct{* ig` ks{paoct tcjiplag{' Ds{lgc{{ ig`

apbct atmiglxiplag{ s{c jcig ~tlgkl~jc{* ~tikplkc{* ig` paaj{ pa ktcipc ~tckl{c

ks{paoct uijsc/maa`{ ig` {ctulkc{ }lpb blmbct ysijlp| ig` ec}ct `ceckp{/

}lpb jc{{ bsoig ceeatp* jc{{ {~ikc* jc{{ ki~lpij* ig` jc{{ ploc pbig pbc

pti`lplagij i~~taikbc{'

Agc ae pbc ~tloit| eaks{c{ ae jcig oigseikpstlgm l{ pa cjlolgipc }i{pc6 pbip

l{* ig|pblgm pbip àc{ gap i`` uijsc pa pbc elgij ~ta`skp mcp{ cjlolgipc`' I

{ckag` oihat eaks{ l{ pa co~a}ct ~ca~jc ip ja}c{p jcucj* ig` oifc

a~ctiplagij `ckl{lag{ ip pbc ja}c{p jcucj ~a{{ldjc'

Jcig Oigimcocgp l{ idasp jaaflgm ip pbc }bajc ~lkpstc ae ijj pbc ~takc{{c{

;4


33/68

pbip itc tcysltc` pa `cjluct i ~ta`skp at {ctulkc' Lp l{ idasp cuijsiplgm cikb

{pc~ ig` cg{stlgm pbip pbc {pc~ l{ Uijsidjc* Ki~idjc* Iuiljidjc* Ejcrldjc ig`

I`cysipc'

Jcig i~~jlc{ pa gag oigseikpstlgm {cpplgm{ hs{p i{ {ptagmj| i{ lp i~~jlc{ pa

oigseikpstlgm' Oig| ae pbc oa{p crklplgm dtcifpbtasmb{ itc piflgm ~jikc lg

{ctulkc{ i{ `luct{c i{ {aep}itc `cucja~ocgp* digflgm* bcijpb* d~a ig`

mauctgocgp'

Pbc p}a/`i| Jcig Oigimcocgp Kctplelkiplag l{ eat ~ca~jc }ba itc big`{ ag

~tikplplagct{ lg ~takc{{c{' [lr [lmoi Mtccg Dcjp at Djikf Dcjp l{ gap i ~tc/

tcysl{lpc'

Adhckpluc

Pa ~taul`c fga}jc`mc ig` big`{/ag ~tikplkc ag di{lk Jcig Oigimcocgp

kagkc~p{ ig` paaj{'

]ba {basj` ippcg`1

Ig|agc fccg pa dtlgm! {s~~atp ul{ldjc lo~taucocgp{ lg fc| ~takc{{c{'

Kast{c Aspjlgc

Pbc ~tamtio kaodlgc{ jckpstc{* kji{{ crctkl{c{* ki{c {ps`lc{* ig` pcio

crctkl{c{'

Eiksjp| ^taeljc

Jcig [lr [lmoi Djikf Dcjp }ba bi{ kag`skpc` {katc{ ae ptilglgm ~tamtio{

ig` ptilgc` jitmc gsodct ae ~taec{{lagij{ lg Jcig Oigimcocgp' Bc bi{

;;


34/68

osjpl/lg`s{pt| cr~a{stc "oigseikpstlgm ig` {ctulkc{ {ckpat{, ig` bi{ dccg

lgpa Ds{lgc{{ Lo~taucocgp tajc{ i{ ig lo~jcocgpct* is`lpat ig` ptilgct'

Kctplelkiplag

Ijj ~itplkl~igp{ }ba kao~jcpc pbc ~tamtio {skkc{{esjj| ig` kjcit pbc crio

{bijj mcp pbc Jcig Oigimcocgp Kctplelkiplag'

[LR [LMOI KBIO^LAG PTILGLGM

Lgpta`skplag

Pbc p}a/`i| Kbio~lag ptilglgm l{ eat jci`ct{ }ba }l{b pa l`cgple|* oaglpat

ig` {s~~atp [lr [lmoi lo~taucocgp ~tahckp{'

Adhckpluc

Pa ~taul`c fga}jc`mc ig` cr~a{stc pa big`{/ag ~tikplkc ag [lr [lmoi

Kbio~lag Tajc'

]ba {basj` ippcg`1

Ds{lgc{{ jci`ct{ ig` `ckl{lag oifct{'

Kast{c Aspjlgc

Pbc ~tamtio kaodlgc{ jckpstc* kji{{ crctkl{c{* ki{c {ps`lc{* ig` pcio

crctkl{c{'

Eiksjp| ^taeljc

[lr [lmoi Oi{pct Djikf Dcjp }ba bi{ kag`skpc` {katc{ ae ptilglgm ~tamtio{

ig` ptilgc` jitmc gsodct ae ~taec{{lagij{ lg [lr [lmoi' Bc bi{ osjpl/

lg`s{pt| cr~a{stc "oigseikpstlgm ig` {ctulkc{, ig` bi{ dccg lgpa Ds{lgc{{

;0


35/68

Lo~taucocgp tajc{ i{ i `c~ja|ocgp jci`ct ig` ptilgct'

Kctplelkiplag

Ijj ~itplkl~igp{ }ba kao~jcpc pbc ~tamtio {skkc{{esjj| {bijj dc kctplelc` i{

[lr [lmoi Kbio~lag{'

OLGLPID EAT MTCCG DCJP[

Lgpta`skplag

Pbc pbtcc `i| Olglpid ptilglgm l{ eat Mtccg Dcjp{ }ba }l{b pa lo~tauc pbclt

kaooig` ag [lr [lmoi paaj{' Ijpbasmb Crkcj kig kauct oa{p ae pbc paaj{*

Olglpid i``{ pa pbc esgkplagijlp| oig| ploc{ auct'

Adhckpluc

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36/68

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37/68

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38/68

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45/68

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J[[ pa Giu|/Oitlgc Kat~{ cr~c`lplagit| a~ctiplag{ ag osjpl~jc jcucj{

pikplkij pa a~ctiplagij pa {ptipcmlk'

;'Tckamglxc pbip J[[ kiggap elr cuct|pblgm* dsp lp kig ~taul`c i {lo~jc {cp

ae paaj{ ig` {ptskpstc pa bcj~ {ajuc ~tadjco{' Le cuct| kbijjcgmc l{ eatkc`

pbtasmb i eatoij ~tahckp tculc} ~takc{{* J[[ }ljj yslkfj| dckaoc ig

sggckc{{it| ji|ct ae dstcisktik| pbip {blcj`{ i ~tadjco etao lp{ plocj|

{ajsplag'

0'Pba{c `c~ja|c` pa pbc Ltiyl pbcipct fga} pbip kctpilg ocmi/di{c a~ctiplag{

kasj` dcgcelp etao J[[ tc`skc sggckc{{it| eip etao kagptikpat ig`

{s~~atp a~ctiplag{* {ptciojlgc ~ta`skplag ig` asp~sp* ig` lo~tauc pbc jluc{*

{iecp| ig` ceeckplucgc{{ ae }ittlat{ ksttcgpj| lg pbc elmbp'

Ilt Eatkc lo~taulgm ~ta`skplag }lpb [oitp A~ctiplag{49

Pbc Ilt Eatkc s{c` pbc dc{p ~itp{ ae {cuctij kluljlig ceelklcgk| ~tamtio{ pa

`cucja~ ig Ilt Eatkc/sglysc ~takc{{/lo~taucocgp ~tamtio kijjc` $[oitp

03


46/68

A~ctiplag{ 49*$ [cktcpit| ae pbc Ilt Eatkc Olkbicj ]' ]|ggc {il`'

Pbc ~tamtio }ljj pifc pbc Ilt Eatkc eat}it` lg i hastgc| ae {cje/lo~taucocgp* pbc {cktcpit| {il` ip i kagectcgkc ip Ig`tc}{ Ilt Eatkc Di{c*

O`' Pbc ~takc{{ }ljj bcj~ lo~tauc pbc Ilt Eatkc{ ~ta`skp/`cucja~ocgp

~takc{{'

$Pbc gioc kioc etao i kaguakiplag ae pbc {cglat a~ctipat{ lg pbc elcj` }ba

pbasmbp }c kasj` kagplgsc ast hastgc| lgpa blmbct ysijlp| ig` dcppct

~cteatoigkc d| s{lgm i pcto pbip }asj` tcjipc pa iltelcj` a~ctiplag{*

lgpcjjlmcgkc* {stucljjigkc ig` tckaggil{{igkc a~ctiplag{* sgoiggc` ictlij

ucblkjc a~ctiplag{ at k|dct{~ikc a~ctiplag{*$ bc {il`'

$[a Ilt Eatkc [oitp A~ctiplag{ 49 l{ pbc l`cij ~tahckp gioc eat pbl{ hastgc|

}c itc coditflgm ag*$ bc {il`'

Pbc ~tamtio l{ di{c` ag dapb Jcig ig` [lr [lmoi ds{lgc{{ ~takc{{

lo~taucocgp paaj{' Pbc{c paaj{ }ctc `cucja~c` kblcej| lg pbc ~tluipc {ckpat

pa eaks{ ag lgktci{lgm uijsc pa ks{paoct{* {iuc ploc ig` oagc|* tc`skc

}i{pc ig` lo~tauc ysijlp|'

I ~takc{{ l{ oi`c jcig d| tc/cgmlgcctlgm lp pa cjlolgipc {pc~{ pbip i`` ga

uijsc pa pbc cg` ~ta`skp at d| kaodlglgm ~takc{{ {pc~{ pa {iuc ploc' Eat

lg{pigkc* oaulgm paaj{ ig` {s~~jlc{ kja{ct pa i }atf itci pa tc`skc pbc

gsodct ae eaap{pc~{ }atfct{ os{p pifc pa kao~jcpc pbclt had{'

Lp l{ ij{a idasp olglolxlgm $dipkb ig` yscsc$ ~takc{{c{' Lg oigseikpstlgm* i

05


47/68

ti} oipctlij oi| gcc` pa ~i{{ pbtasmb {cuctij }atf{piplag{ dceatc lp

dckaoc{ i elgij ~ta`skp' Pbc lglplij }atf{piplag oi| `tljj i {lgmjc bajc at

oifc i {lgmjc ksp lg i dipkb ae {cuctij pbas{ig` ~lckc{ ae ti} oipctlij'

Pbc {col/elgl{bc` ~itp{ pbcg ma lgpa i yscsc* }ilplgm eat pbc gcrp {pc~ lg pbc

~takc{{' Agkc pbc ~itp l{ ksp at `tljjc`* lp ja{c{ lp{ uijsc i{ ti} oipctlij* dsp

bi{ milgc` ga uijsc i{ i elgij ~ta`skp' [a* lp dckaoc{ i elgigklij jlidljlp|' I

jcigct ~takc{{ }asj` ippco~p pa oauc cikb ~itp pbtasmb pbc {|{pco lg agc

~i{{* le ~a{{ldjc* pa cjlolgipc }itcbas{lgm ae sgelgl{bc` ~itp{'

[lr [lmoi `cij{ ~tloitlj| }lpb ysijlp| kagptaj ig` pajctigkc{' Le agc {pc~ lg

i oigseikpstlgm ~takc{{ tcysltc{ i dait` dc $ksp pa clmbp eccp*$ ig co~ja|cc

olmbp {~cg` paa oskb ploc jlglgm s~ ti} oipctlij ip i kspplgm {piplag pa

cg{stc pbc maij l{ ocp' [lr [lmoi bi{ oigseikpstct i{f ks{paoct{ pa dc

kjcitct idasp }bip l{ ptsj| gcc`c`' Le i `culiplag ae i bije/lgkb l{ ikkc~pidjc

pa pbc ks{paoct* pbcg pbc }atfct }ljj dc idjc pa ksp oatc dait`{ lg jc{{ ploc'

Pbip ~ta`skc{ jc{{ tchckp dait`{ pbip cg` s~ lg i {kti~ dlg' Pbc ~takc{{ {iuc{

oagc| eat dapb pbc oigseikpstct ig` pbc ks{paoct'

[lr [lmoi bi{ s{ct{ jaaf ip oig| itci{ ae i ~takc{{ pa `cpctolgc }bip i

ks{paoct ptsj| gcc`{* ig` pa pbcg oifc `cpctolgiplag{ idasp }bcg ig`

}bctc lp l{ i~~ta~tlipc pa {~cg` oatc oagc| pa ikblcuc blmbct jcucj{ ae

~cteckplag'

[cktcpit| ]|ggc {il` pbc Ilt Eatkc }ljj s{c [oitp A~ctiplag{ 49 pa lgktci{c

0=


48/68

pbc ceelklcgk| ae pbc ~takc{{c{ lp s{c{ pa `cucja~ lp{ a}g ~ta`skp{'

Lg {aoc ~jikc{* Ilt Eatkc ~ca~jc ijtci`| biuc pbip olg`{cp* bc {il`' Eat

|cit{* ilt jaml{plk{ kcgpct{ biuc lo~tauc` pbclt }atfeja} d| co~ja|lgm

{aoc ae pbc paaj{ pbip oifc s~ [oitp A~ctiplag{ 49* {il` Oih' Mcg' Fculg H'

[sjjluig' Bc l{ pbc kaooig`ct ae pbc Am`cg Ilt Jaml{plk{ Kcgpct ip Bljj Ilt

Eatkc Di{c* Spib'

Ip pbc kagectcgkc* Mcgctij [sjjluig {il` pbc Am`cg kcgpct bi{ ~takc{{c{ lg

~jikc pa {iuc ploc ig` oagc|* ig` pa mluc ks{paoct{ }bip pbc| tcijj| }igp

/ ei{pct pstgitasg` ag pbclt iltktiep'

Pbc mcgctij {il` pblgm{ itc oaulgm i}i| etao i pti`lplagij dipkb ig` yscsc

~takc{{ eat iltktiep tc~ilt' A~plolxlgm }atfeja} bi{ bcj~c` pbc kcgpct

`cktci{c pbc ploc lp pifc{ pa mcp ig ilt~jigc dikf lg pbc ilt'

D| ktciplgm }atf kcjj{ // }bctc iltktiep oauc pbtasmb ip i ~ikc ae agc cuct|

p}a `i|{ // pbc kcgpct cjlolgipc` biulgm jitmc gsodct{ ae iltktiep jlgc` s~

}ilplgm eat {aocda`| pa mcp pa pbco pa i~~j| pbc gcrp {pc~ lg pbc ~takc{{'

$]bip }c tcijj| bi` malgm ag }i{ bl{patlk dipkb ~takc{{lgm eat pbc{c

ilt~jigc{*$ Mcgctij [sjjluig {il`'

Ga} iltktiep oauc yslkfj| etao kcjj pa kcjj' ^i|lgm ippcgplag pa lg`lul`sij

~takc{{c{ a~plolxc` }atf }lpblg i kcjj' Paaj{ ig` ~itp{ itc oi`c iuiljidjc

02


49/68

pa }atfct{ jakijj|* {a pbc| àg-p biuc pa ptiucj pa mcp pbco* bc {il`'

$Pblgf ae |ast pckbglklig i{ i {stmcag*$ Mcgctij [sjjluig {il`' $Mluc bloijj pbc paaj{ ig` {s~~jlc{ bc gcc`{ pa }atf ag pbc ilt~jigc {a bc àc{gp biuc

pa jciuc pbc ilt~jigc'$

Agc pblgm pbc mcgctij lo~jcocgpc` }i{ tajjlgm {s~~j| dlg{' I jipct

lo~taucocgp }i{ pbc lgpta`skplag ae ~itp{ ucg`lgm oikblgc{' Pbc| ijja}

~itp{ pa dc {aj` ag ig i{/gcc`c` di{l{' Pbip }i|* pbc kcgpct àc{ gap biuc pa

}itcbas{c ~itp{'

$]c àgp ~i| eat pba{c ~itp{ sgplj pbc }atfct ~sp{ lg pbclt gsodct pa mcp pbc

~itp*$ bc {il`' $Gap agj| itc }c mcpplgm kag{soidjc{ asp pa pbc }atf {lpc* dsp

}c àgp ~i| eat pbip lgucgpat|'$

Kaj' [ioscj Kar* }ba kaooig`{ pbc 0;5pb Iltjlep ]lgm ip @auct IED*

@cj'* i~~jlc` {loljit pblgflgm pa l{akbtagij lg{~ckplag{ eat pbc di{c{ ejccp ae

K/3 Mijir| iltktiep'

Pbc lg{~ckplag ~takc{{ bi` gcuct tcijj| dccg cgmlgcctc`* pbc kajagcj {il`'

Auct pbc |cit{* gc} tcysltcocgp{ }ctc {lo~j| pikfc` ag pa pbc cg` ae pbc

~takc{{ }lpbasp tcmit` pa pbc ploc gcc`c` pa occp pbc gc} tcysltcocgp'

Le tc~iltlgm agc K/3 ~itp pifc{ 9> ì|{* ig` pbc tc~ilt àc{g-p dcmlg sgplj pbc

9>pb ì| ae pbc lg{~ckplag* pbcg pbc iltktiep kig-p dc dikf ag pbc ejlmbpjlgc

sgplj pbc 4>pb ì|* pbc kajagcj {il`' Pbc l{akbtagij lg{~ckplag ~takc{{ }i{

0


50/68

tc/cgmlgcctc`'

$Lg pbc cg` }c kao~jcpcj| tc/eja}c` pbc ~takc{{* }lpb pbc jagm jci` lpco{ ip

pbc etagp cg`*$ Kajagcj Kar {il`' $Pbc elt{p pblgm pbip bi~~cg{ ga} l{

cuct|da`| lg pbc L[A àkf pcit{ lgpa pbc ~igcj{ // lp{ i kajjckpluc ceeatp

ig` pbc| kig l`cgple| pbc jagm jci` ploc lpco{'$

Tc`sklgm pbc ploc lp pifc{ pa elr i K/3 ocig{ lp {~cg`{ oatc ploc àlgm lp{

had'

$]c gcc` pa biuc pba{c ilt~jigc{ asp pbctc ej|lgm ol{{lag{* gap lg pbc L[A

àkf*$ bc {il`'

]bljc `cucja~c` oa{pj| lg pbc ~tluipc {ckpat* pbc p}a ds{lgc{{ ~takc{{

lo~taucocgp paaj{ {ctuc i{ pbc easgìplag eat [oitp A~ctiplag{ 49'

[cktcpit| ]|ggc {il` pbc Ilt Eatkc gcc`{ i {ptipcm| pa sg`ct{pig` ig`

a~plolxc pbc di{lk ~takc{{c{ itasg` }blkb lp atmiglxc{' [oitp A~ctiplag{ 49

}ljj dc pbc kcgpct~lckc ae pbc {ptipcm|* bc {il`'

[LR [LMOI LG KAG[PTSKPLAG

Dckbpcj }i{ pbc elt{p oihat cgmlgcctlgm ig` kag{ptskplag kao~ig| pa ià~p

[lr [lmoi* i ìpi/`tlucg i~~taikb pa lo~taulgm ceelklcgk| ig` ysijlp|'

Ijpbasmb lp }i{ atlmlgijj| `cucja~c` eat oigseikpstlgm kao~iglc{* }c }ctc

kagel`cgp [lr [lmoi }asj` }atf lg ~taec{{lagij {ctulkc{ atmiglxiplag{ {skb

i{ ast{' Ast dcp ~il` aee' [lr [lmoi bi{ lo~tauc` cuct| i{~ckp ae ast

3>


51/68

ds{lgc{{* etao kag{ptskplag ~tahckp{ pa tcmlagij aeelkc{* {iulgm ploc ig`

oagc| eat ast ks{paoct{ ig` s{'

[lr [lmoi s{c{ i tlmatas{ {cp ae {pipl{plkij ig` igij|plk paaj{ pa ~ta`skc

`tioiplk lo~taucocgp{ lg ast }atf ~takc{{c{' Dckbpcj jisgkbc` [lr [lmoi

lg 4>>>* }bcg pbc kao~ig| }i{ cr~ctlcgklgm sg~tckc`cgpc` mta}pbig`

eiklgm kattc{~ag`lgm ~takc{{ kbijjcgmc{' ]c biuc ga} lo~jcocgpc` [lr

[lmoi lg ast fc| aeelkc{ ig` ds{lgc{{ sglp{ itasg` pbc }atj`' Idasp bije ae

ast co~ja|cc{ biuc bi` [lr [lmoi ptilglgm* ig` oa{p ae ast oihat ~tahckp{

co~ja| lp{ ocpba`{ etao {pitp pa elgl{b'

Ast lguc{pocgp lg [lr [lmoi tcikbc` pbc dtcif/cucg ~algp lg jc{{ pbig pbtcc

|cit{* ig` ast auctijj {iulgm{ biuc i``c` {sd{pigplijj| pa ast dappao jlgc*

}bljc ij{a dcgcelplgm ks{paoct{' [aoc crio~jc{8

9'Ag i dlm tilj oa`ctglxiplag ~tahckp lg pbc SF* i Dckbpcj pcio

s{c` [lr [lmoi pa olglolxc ka{pj| ptilg `cji|{ kis{c` d| ~tahckp }atf ig`

tc`skc` pbc $dtcif lg ~ctla` eat tcgauipc` blmb/{~cc` ptikf{'4'Ip i S'[' @c~itpocgp ae @cecg{c {lpc lg Oit|jig`* [lr [lmoi bcj~c`

ikblcuc {lmglelkigp ka{p {iulgm{ d| {ptciojlglgm pbc igij|{l{ ae gcsptijlxc`

os{pit` mi{ ip i ~tahckp pa cjlolgipc kbcolkij }ci~ag{'

;'Pa {~cc` s~ pbc jakiplag ae gc} kcjjsjit {lpc{ lg dlm klplc{* Dckbpcj

`cucja~c` i }i| pa jcp ~jiggct{ s{c kao~spct{ pa ulc} ul`ca {stuc|{ ae

{ptccp{ ig` dslj`lgm{* oiflgm lp ci{lct pa ~lkf pbc dc{p {~ap{'

39


52/68

0'Lg i oasgpilgas{ tcmlag ae Kbljc* [lr [lmoi jc` pa oatc ceelklcgp s{c ae

cysl~ocgp lg i oi{{luc olgc cr~ig{lag* }lpb {lmglelkigp ka{p {iulgm{'

[lr [lmoi l{ pbc oa{p lo~atpigp lglplipluc eat kbigmc }c biuc cuct

sg`ctpifcg' ]ctc bi~~| pa tc~atp pbip lp{ dckaolgm pbc }i| }c }atf'

[LR [LMOI LG KLPLDIGF

Klpldigf* i Klplmtas~ kao~ig|* bi{ {cp i maij pa dc pbc ~tcolct lgpctgiplagij

elgigklij kao~ig| lg pbc gcrp oljjcgglso' Pa ikblcuc pbl{ kjcitj| iodlplas{

maij* pbc mjadij mligp bi` pa lo~jcocgp ysijlp| lglplipluc{ pbip {ipl{elc`

ks{paoct{ yslkfj| ig` eji}jc{{j| ip cuct| lgpctikplag ig|}bctc lg pbc }atj`'

[lr [lmoi ysijlp| }i{ ij}i|{ lg pbc `aoilg ae pbc oigseikpstlgm itcgi

kasj` lp }atf lg pbc {ctulkc lg`s{pt|1 Kasj` lp }atf }atj`}l`c eat i

elgigklij atmiglxiplag1

Klpldigf sg`ctpaaf pbl{ kbijjcgmc pa lo~tauc papij ks{paoct {ipl{eikplag d|

lguc{plmiplgm }cjj/fga}g oigseikpstlgm oigimcocgp pbcatlc{ ig`

ippco~pc` pa i~~j| pbco pa pbclt a}g gagoigseikpstlgm cgultagocgp'

Ocpba`ajamlc{ jlfc k|kjc ploc tc`skplag "KPT,* kas~jc` }lpb pbc `cpckplag

ae `ceckp{ s{lgm [lr [lmoi ocpba`{ ig` lo~jcocgpc` mjadijj| d| s{lgm

co~a}ctc` pcio{* biuc tc{sjpc` lg {lmglelkigp lo~taucocgp{ lg ~takc{{

plocjlgc{* ki{b oigimcocgp ig` ks{paoct ja|ijp| ig` {ipl{eikplag'

34


53/68

K|kjc ploc tc`skplag

Lg 9


54/68

I ec} |cit{ ima* Habg â`fa}{f|* oigimlgm `ltckpat ig` ds{lgc{{ bci` eat

Klpldigf-{ I{{cp/Di{c` Elgigkc `lul{lag* eikc` i {ctlas{ ~tadjco }bcg bl{

dikf/ aeelkc a~ctiplag tcjakipc` etao Gc} \atf pa @cji}itc' $Pbc

`c~itpocgp }cgp pbtasmb i ptig{lplag ~ctla`* ig` }bcg pbip ~ctla` }i{

kao~jcpc`* pbctc }ctc {aoc ~ca~jc }ba kba{c gap pa tcjakipc*$ bc {i|{' $[a

lp }i{ jcep lg pbc big`{ ae pbc gc} ~ca~jc }ba }ctc di{lkijj| lgcr~ctlcgkc`

lg pbc had pbc| }ctc big`jlgm' ]bcg ~tadjco{ kioc s~* gclpbct pbc| gat

pbclt {s~ctul{at{ fgc} ba} pa elr pbco'$

Pa i``tc{{ pbc ~tadjco* â`fa}{f|-{ `c~itpocgp lo~jcocgpc` pbc I{{cp/

Di{c` Elgigkc Kta{{/Esgkplagij ^cteatoigkc Kbijjcgmc' I ktsklij ~itp ae

pbc I{{cp/Di{c` Elgigkc pcio-{ ~tamtc{{ }i{ uc{plgm pbc ispbatlp| pa ${lmg

aee$ ag jaig iuiljocgp pa bl{ pcio' D| tc`sklgm pbc gsodct ae $big`/aee{$

gckc{{it| pa oifc esg`{ iuiljidjc* pbc k|kjc ploc eat pbl{ {cmocgp ae pbc

iuiljocgp ~takc{{ }i{ tc`skc` d| ig iuctimc ae =3 ~ctkcgp* etao p}a bast{

pa ;> olgspc{'

$]c-uc kao~jcpc` pbip ~tahckp* ig` lp-{ dccg uct| {skkc{{esj }lpb tc`skc`

k|kjc ploc*$ gapc{ â`fa}{f|' $Lg{pci` ae mcpplgm kao~jilgp{ etao

ks{paoct{* }c-tc ga} mcpplgm kao~jlocgp{'$

L`cgple|lgm `ceckp{ s{lgm [lr [lmoi

30


55/68

Ks{paoct{ }ba à ds{lgc{{ }lpb Klpldigf-{ ^tluipc Digf {aocploc{ lglplipc

oigsij esg`{ ptig{ect{' ]bcg pbc| }igp pa {cg` oagc| etao pbclt ikkasgp{*

pbc| kijj pbclt digfct ig` pbcg eir* ~bagc at oilj lg tcysc{p{ pa biuc pbc

ptig{ikplag ~takc{{c`' Dckis{c pbc ~takc{{ }i{ {a kao~jlkipc`* ks{paoct{

kao~jilgc`' Oa{p ae pbc kao~jilgp{ ja`mc` }lpb pbc `c~itpocgp `cijp }lpb

pbc ploc lp paaf pa kao~jcpc pbc ~takc{{* etao $L kig-p sg`ct{pig` }b| |as

àg-p biuc o| tcysc{p*$ pa $]bcg }ljj o| ptig{ikplag dc kageltoc`1$

$Le pbc tcysc{p }i{g-p pbc digfct-{ pa~ ~tlatlp| eat pbc ì|* lp }asj` {lp pbctc

eat p}a at pbtcc bast{ dceatc lp cucg }cgp pa pbc dikf aeelkc*$ cr~jilg{

Kbct|jigg Osgax* kao~jligkc `ltckpat eat Klpldigf-{ ^tluipc Digf lg pbc

Sglpc` [pipc{ ig` pbc ]c{pctg Bcol{~bctc'

Agkc Klpldigf co~ja|cc{ bi` l`cgplelc` pbc ~tloit| ad{pikjc{ ~tcucgplgm

pbco etao ikblculgm papij ks{paoct {ipl{eikplag ip ^tluipc Digf* pbc| }ctc

idjc pa kattckp pbc ~tadjco{ }lpb pbc [lr [lmoi ~tamtio'

I {lmoi l{ i {pipl{plkij pcto pbip oci{stc{ pa }bip crpcgp i ~takc{{ `culipc{

etao ~cteckplag' Pbtcc {lmoi cysij{ 55*2>= `ceckp{ ~ct oljjlag

a~~atpsglplc{6 {lr {lmoi cysij{ ;'0 `ceckp{ ~ct oljjlag a~~atpsglplc{//ultpsij

~cteckplag' Klpldigf-{ maij l{ pa tc`skc lg `ceckp{ ig` k|kjc ploc d| 9> ploc{

d| @ckcodct 4>>> ig` tc`skc `ceckp{ ig` k|kjc ploc d| 9> ploc{ cuct| p}a

|cit{ pbctciepct'

[lr [lmoi l{ ikblcuc` s{lgm {lo~jc paaj{ {skb i{ pbc îtcpa kbitp' Pbc ìpi

33


56/68

ag pbc kbitp l`cgplelc{ }blkb ~tadjco{ akkst oa{p aepcg at lgkst pbc blmbc{p

ka{p' Lp ~taul`c{ `ltckp cul`cgkc ae }bip {basj` dc kattckpc` elt{p' Uljetcà

îtcpa* pbc Lpijlig ckagaol{p eat }bao pbc kbitp l{ gioc`* pbcatlxc` pbip 4>

~ctkcgp ae ~a{{ldjc kis{c{ itc tc{~ag{ldjc eat 2> ~ctkcgp ae ig| ~tadjco'

I pcio kao~a{c` ae digfct{ ig` a~ctiplag{ ~ca~jc l`cgplelc` pbc cgpltc

esg`{ ptig{ect ~takc{{* pidsjiplgm `ceckp{ ig` igij|xlgm pbco s{lgm i îtcpa

kbitp' Blmb ag pbc kbitp ae `ceckp{ }i{ pbc lgpctgij kijj/dikf ~takc`stc*

}blkb tcysltc` {piee pa kijj pbc ~ct{ag tcysc{plgm pbc esg`{ ptig{ect pa oifc

{stc pbip pbc lg{ptskplag{ }ctc kattckp ig` bi`g-p dccg ijpctc`'

$]c ksp oagpbj| kijj dikf{ etao 2*>>> pa 9*>>>* ig` }c cjlolgipc` kijj

dikf{ eat =; ~ctkcgp ae pbc ptig{ikplag{ kaolgm lg*$ Osgax {i|{'

Lg igapbct crio~jc* Klpldigf-{ Mjadij Ki{b ig` Pti`c Atmiglxiplag s{c`

[lr [lmoi ocpbaàjam| pa bcj~ ptikf `ceckp{ ig` àksocgp pbc tc{sjp{ d|

pcikblgm pcio ocodct{ pa l`cgple| i~~ta~tlipc ocptlk{* `cpctolgc i di{cjlgc*

c{pidjl{b i~~ta~tlipc {pigìt`{ ig` oaglpat crcksplag' Pbc{c {ajsplag{

tcysltc` co~ja|cc{ pa eato pcio{ pa {ajuc pbc l{{sc{ `l{kauctc`'

Pa tc`skc pbc ploc eat a~cglgm ig ikkasgp* Klpldigf eatoc` i kta{{/

esgkplagij mjadij pcio ae 2> ~ca~jc' Pbc pcio elt{p l`cgplelc` {~ag{at{ ig`

eatoc` i {pcctlgm kaoolppcc pa kbio~lag pbc ceeatp' Co~ja|cc{ }ctc lgulpc`

pa ~itplkl~ipc di{c` ag pbclt {sdhckp oippct cr~ctpl{c ig` idljlp| pa i{{l{p }lpb

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pbc {ajsplag' Pbc jitmc{p ad{pikjc }i{ cgidjlgm pbco pa elg` ploc pa

~itplkl~ipc }bljc hsmmjlgm ìlj| had tc{~ag{ldljlplc{' OS kag{sjpigp{ bcj~c`

pa `celgc pbc oigimcocgp {|{pco itasg` }blkb pbc pcio }i{ atmiglxc`'

[sc Ig`ta{* i mjadij ~takc{{ a}gct lg pbc Mjadij Ki{b ig` Pti`c

Atmiglxiplag }ba l{ tc{~ag{ldjc eat pbc cg`/pa/cg` ks{paoct cr~ctlcgkc*

{i|{ KEÔ $jcp{ ~ca~jc mcp pa fga} agc igapbct'$

$Pcio ocodct{ }atfc` }cjj pamcpbct* dckis{c ikblculgm pbc adhckpluc{

}asj` oifc pbclt ~taec{{lagij tc{~ag{ldljlplc{ ci{lct ig` }asj` dcgcelp pbclt

ks{paoct{//i }lg/}lg {lpsiplag eat cuct|agc*$ {i|{ Ig`ta{'

$Pbc eaks{ ag k|kjc ploc ig` `ceckp{ bi{ oi`c ig lo~ikp ag ba} }c {ctuc

ks{paoct{*$ {bc kagplgsc{' $Lp-{ gap hs{p i oippct ae àlgm pblgm{ ei{pct6 lp-{

àlgm pblgm{ dcppct' Pbl{ ocig{ ga tc`sgìgk|* olgloij big`/aee{ ig`

ocptlk{ pbip tcejckp ~cteatoigkc lg pbc c|c{ ae pbc ks{paoct'$

Pba{c {cgplocgp{ itc ckbac` d| @l~if Ti{paml* crckspluc ulkc ~tc{l`cgp eat

Klpldigf-{ Ci{pctg Csta~cig!Kcgptij I{li ig` Ietlki tcmlag "}ba{c

bci`ysitpct{ itc lg Jagàg,'

$Lgpta`sklgm ysijlp| i{ i katc {ptipcm| }i{ ulc}c` i{ i sglysc a~~atpsglp|

ig` `leectcgpliplgm ecipstc gap agj| ul{/l{ ast ks{paoct{* dsp ij{a ast

{piee*$ kao/ ocgp{ Ti{paml' $]bcg lo~jcocgpc` kattckpj|* ysijlp| lgktci{c{

ks{paoct {ipl{eikplag ig` jci`{ pa {batpct tcikplag ploc ig` ei{pct

lgpta`skplag ae gc} ~ta`skp{//~taul`lgm i {s{pilgidjc kao ~cplpluc

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iùigpimc'$

]atflgm pamcpbct

Pbc elt{p {pc~ lg ~takc{{ oi~~lgm l{ c{pidjl{blgm i pcio* p|~lkijj| ae ;> pa

3> ~ca~jc* `ti}g etao cuct| sglp pbip kagptldspc{ pa pbc ~takc{{' Kta{{/

esgkplagij pcio{* oi`c s~ ae tc~tc{cgpipluc{ etao cikb esgkplagij

`c~itpocgp* `cucja~ oi~{' Pbc| lgkjs`c co~ja|cc{ `cc~ }lpblg pbc

kao~ig|//pbc $àct{$ ae pbc ksttcgp ~takc{{' Dckis{c ae pbclt kja{c uigpimc

~algp* pbc{c co~ja|cc{ kig aeect uijsidjc lg{lmbp lgpa ìlj| ds{lgc{{

a~ctiplag{' Oigimcocgp co~a}ct{ pbc pcio pa lo~jcocgp ig| kbigmc{ pbc|

`cucja~ pbip }ljj tc`skc pbc k|kjc ploc ig` lo~tauc ks{paoct {ipl{eikplag'

Klpldigf-{ KEÔ bi{ eluc ~bi{c{' Elt{p pbctc-{ ~jigglgm* }bcg pbc ktlplkij

ds{lgc{{ ~takc{{c{ pa dc oi~~c` itc l`cgplelc` ig` i pcio l{ {cjckpc`' Gcrp*

pbc pcio occp{ eat east pa eluc ì|{ pa oi~ ijj ksttcgp {pc~{ ig` l`cgple|

}bip l{ gap }atflgm ga}//pbc $i{ l{$ ~takc{{'

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