simple test on soil

S.VINODHKUMARAP/CIVIL ENGINEERING

KONGU ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Simple Test on Soil

Determination of Moisture Content

IS: 2720 (Part-II)–1973Oven Drying methodSand Bath methodAlcohol methodCalcium carbide methodPycnometer methodTorsion balance methodRadiation method

S.VINODHKUMAR /ASSISTNT PROFESSOR/KONGU ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Oven Drying methodIt is a standard laboratory method.


Sand Bath methodThis is a field method of

determining rough value of the water content.

The container with the soil is placed on a sand bath. Heated over a kerosene stove.

The soil become dry within ½ to 1 hrs.

It should not be used for organic soil or soil containing higher percentage of gypsum.


Alcohol metodMethylated Sprit is added to soil Throughly mixed Heated


Calcium carbide method• ‘Rapid Moisture Tester’ • Reaction between a carbide

reagent and soil moisture. • The wet soil sample is placed

in a sealed container• with calcium carbide, and the

acetylene gas produced exerts pressure on a sensitive

• diaphragm placed at the end of the container.

• This pressure is correlated to the moisture

• content and is calibrated on a dial gauge on the other side of the diaphragm.S.VINODHKUMAR /ASSISTNT

PROFESSOR/KONGU ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Pycnometer method


Torsion balance methodUse of Infra-Red Speedy


Radiation method


Specific Gravity Determination


Specific Gravity DeterminationDensity Bottle methodPycnometer methodMeasuring Flask methodShrinkage limit method


Procedure


Measurement of densityWater displacement methodCore cutter methodSand replacement method


Water displacement method


Core-cutter Method

• 10 cm in diameter and 12.5 cm in length.

• The dolly is 2.5 cm long.• suitable for soft cohesive soils. • It cannot be used for stiff clays, sandy

soils and soils containing gravel particles, which could damage the cutting edge.


Sand replacement method1. CALIBRATION OF SAND

DENSITY

2. MEASUREMENT OF SOIL DENSITY in-situ


CALIBRATION OF SAND DENSITY Take sand passing through 600μ and retain on 300 μ in SPC

upto 1cm from top Let the mass is being M1 Place the SPC over a glass plate and open the slit. Once the

sand stops its movement, close the shutter and weigh the SPC ----- M2

Refill SPC to M1 Place the SPC over the Calibrating container, open slit, Once the

sand stops its movement, close the shutter and weigh the SPC----- M3

The weight of soil in Calibrating container is M1- M2-M3M1- M2-M3

Density of sand = M1-M2-M3Density of sand = M1-M2-M3------------------------------ VVS.VINODHKUMAR /ASSISTNT

PROFESSOR/KONGU ENGINEERING COLLEGE

MEASUREMENT OF SOIL DENSITY

in-situClean the area, place the tray over the area.

Dig out the soil through the hole for a depth of about 10 cm and collect the soil on the plate.


MEASUREMENT OF SOIL DENSITY

in-situTake refilled SPC to the site and place it

over the hole.Open the shutter and close it when there is

no movement of soil inside the SPC.Calculate the volume of hole.Insitu density = Mass of soil excavated

from pit/ volume of pit


simple test on soil

Engineering