Simple Past

The past tense of “be”Present Past Present Past

I am I was We are We were

You are You were You are You were

He is He was They are They were

She is She was

It is It was

Examples:I was at home yesterday.John was there last night.It was hot yesterday.There was a man here.They were absent yesterday.She was a student last year.We were here last week.There were some men here.

Statements, Questions and Negatives

He was sick Yesterday

Was He sick Yesterday?

He was not sick yesterday

• FORM • Verb II (regular) or (irregular)Statement, Question and Negatives

They walked To school yesterday

Did They walk To school yesterday?

They did not walk To school yesterday.

• FORM • Verb II (regular) or (irregular)Statement, Question and Negatives

They went To school yesterday

Did They go To school yesterday?

They did not go To school yesterday.

• Simple Past has 5 different functions :

1. Completed Action in the Past2. A Series of Completed Actions3. Duration in Past4. Habits in the Past5. Past Facts or Generalizations

USE 1 Completed Action in the Past

Past Present Future

• We use the Simple Past to express the idea that an action started and finished at a specific time in the past. Sometimes, the speaker may not actually mention the specific time, but they do have one specific time in mind.

Examples:

• I saw a movie yesterday.

• I didn't see a play yesterday.

• Last year, I traveled to Japan.

• Last year, I didn't travel to Korea.

• Did you have dinner last night?

• She washed her car.

• He didn't wash his car.

1 2 3

Past Present Future

USE 2 A Series of Completed Actions

• We use the Simple Past to list a series of completed actions in the past. These actions happen 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and so on.

Examples:

• I finished work, walked to the beach, and found a nice place to swim.

• He arrived from the airport at 8:00, checked into the hotel at 9:00, and met the others at 10:00.

• Did you add flour, pour in the milk, and then add the eggs?

Past Present Future

USE 3 Duration in Past

• The Simple Past can be used with a duration which starts and stops in the past. A duration is a longer action often indicated by expressions such as: for two years, for five minutes, all day, all year, etc.

Examples:

• I lived in Brazil for two years.

• Shauna studied Japanese for five years.

• They sat at the beach all day.

• They did not stay at the party the entire time.

• We talked on the phone for thirty minutes.

• A: How long did you wait for them?B: We waited for one hour.

USE 4 Habits in the Past

Past Present Future

The Simple Past can also be used to describe a habit which stopped in the past. It can have the same meaning as "used to." To make it clear that we are talking about a habit, we often add expressions such as: always, often, usually, never, when I was a child, when I was younger, etc.

Examples:

• I studied French when I was a child.

• He played the violin.

• He didn't play the piano.

• Did you play a musical instrument when you were a kid?

• She worked at the movie theater after school.

• They never went to school, they always skipped class.

USE 5 Past Facts or Generalizations

Past Present Future

The Simple Past can also be used to describe past facts or generalizations which are no longer true. As in USE 4 above, this use of the Simple Past is quite similar to the expression "used to."

Examples:

• She was shy as a child, but now she is very outgoing.

• He didn't like tomatoes before.

• Did you live in Jakarta when you were a kid?

• People paid much more to make cell phone calls in the past.

Study the following verbsVerbs

1. Regular verbs (kata kerja berarturan)

2. Irregular verbs (kata kerja tdk beraturan)

Present Past Past Participle

learn learned learned

live lived lived

move moved moved

need needed needed

marry marry married

want wanted wanted

study studied studied

Present Past Past participle

stop stopped stopped

permit permitted permitted

2. Irregular verbs

A. ABB

build built built

catch caught caught

deal dealt dealt

b. AAA

cut cut cut

cost cost cost

let let let

c. ABA

come came come

run ran run

overcome overcame overcome

d. ABC

break broke broken

fly flew flown

write wrote written

Study the following time expressions

Yesterday

Yesterday morning

Yesterday afternoon

Last night Last Year

Last evening Last June

Last Thursday Last June 10th

Last Thursday morning

Last week

Last month

a minute agoSeveral hours agoA day agoTwo days agoA week agoA week ago todayA week ago yesterdayThe day before lastThe day before yesterdayThe week before lastThe month before lastThe year before last

Exercise:

Write was or were in each blank space!

1.He ____ in the library this morning.

2. I ____ quite tire last night.

3.The boy ____ at school yesterday.

4.The sun ____ hot yesterday.

5.Mr. Smith ____ sick two days ago.

6.The weather ____ good last week.

7.The children ____ here yesterday.

8.The boys ____ at the meeting last night.

9. It ____ very warm yesterday.

10.There ___ a fire downtown last night.

Change these statements into questions!

1. He was in class yesterday. Was He is class yesterday?

2. They were here last night.

3. The doctor was very tired.

4. There were many people at the party.

5. There was a party here last night.

6. It was very interesting.

7. John was sick last week.

8. John and Mary were here yesterday.

9. They were at the meeting last night.

10.It was warm yesterday.

Change these statements into negatives!

1. The men were in the room. The men weren’t in the room.

2. You were there yesterday.

3. The boy from Chile was there.

4. There were some chairs in the room.

5. It was very cold last night.

6. John was absent from class yesterday.

• Write the correct past tense form of each verb in the following blank space!

1. (study) John studied French last year.

2. (live) They ______ in New York for one year.

3. (walk) Mr. Smith _____ in the park last Sunday.

4. (watch) We ______ a baseball game on television.

5. (Smoke) I ______ two cigars yesterday.

6. (wash) Mrs. Smith _____ the clothes last Monday.

7. (see) Bob ______ the movie last night.

8. (stop) The car ______ in the middle of Main Street.

9. (listen) We _____ to the radio last night.

10.(rain) It ______ very hard the night before last.

Change these statements into questions!

1. He worked at the office. Did he work at the office?

2. She opened the door carefully.

3. They looked at the pictures.

4. John asked many questions in class.

5. Mr. Smith added the numbers carefully.

6. Mr. and Mrs. Brown invited the students.

7. You lived in Miami for a year.

8. The men moved the furniture into the room.

9. The girls visited Mrs. Smith last week.

10.You worked very hard yesterday.

Change these statements into negatives!

1. I looked at the pictures. I didn’t look at the pictures.

2. They counted the money carefully.

3. We needed some money last week.

4. They watched the baseball game yesterday.

5. John carried the box into the room.

6. Mr. Smith wanted some coffee.

7. The students used the book last night.

8. The Japanese student listened to the teacher.

9. He repeated the question for the student.

10.Mary played the piano at the party.