simple dna extraction background
DESCRIPTION
A script to go along with the simple DNA extraction technique used in biology and biotechnology teachingTRANSCRIPT
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Fruit LoopsDNA Extraction
Breaking Down Cell Structure
to Extract DNA
1© T. Rosa & B.R. Shmaefsky
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Cell Structure
© T. Rosa & B.R. Shmaefsky 2
Ribosome
Chromosomes
Nucleus
NuclearMembrane
CytoplasmMitochondria
Cell Membrane
GolgiBody
Lysosome(Vacuole)
EndoplasmicReticulum
Cell FunctionReview
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Making our way to the DNA
© T. Rosa & B.R. Shmaefsky 4
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Step 1Breaking down the cell
membrane
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Cell membrane is a layer of lipid (fat)
How do you break down fats?
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Step 2Mix, mix, and more mixing
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La, la, la…
Mixing the cells in the soap breaks down the cell membrane and the nuclear membrane to get us to the DNA.
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Step 3Filtering out the chunks
We filter out the parts of the cell that we do not need:
1. Cell membranes
2. Nuclear membranes
3. Cell organelles
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I’m in here!
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Step 4Alcohol Separation
Alcohol denatures the DNA and separates it from the liquid by making it clump.
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Denaturing changes the structure of the molecule
Denatured DNA
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Test your knowledge
• Why is it so difficult to get to the DNA?Why is it so difficult to get to the DNA?
• What process removes the DNA from the What process removes the DNA from the cell?cell?
• Why would scientists need to extract Why would scientists need to extract DNA?DNA?
• Can you think of other substances that we Can you think of other substances that we can extract DNA from?can extract DNA from?
© T. Rosa & B.R. Shmaefsky 9