simple and compound machines. what are simple machines? a device that allows work to be performed...
TRANSCRIPT
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Simple and CompoundMachines
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What are Simple Machines?• A device that allows work to be performed
with less effort• A device with few or no moving parts• A device that makes work easier by
changing force, distance, or by changing the direction of the force
What are Compound Machines?Two or more simple machines working together to make the work easier
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The 6 Simple Machines
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Lever
A rigid bar used to exert a pressure or sustain a weight by pivoting on its fulcrum
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Effort
Load
Fulcrum
If the fulcrum is located at the midpoint of the lever arm and the effort is equal to the load, then the lever will be perfectly balanced.
Lever Arm
Parts of a Lever
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Types of Levers
You can identify the different types of levers by the middle component.
Can you identify each type of lever on the next slide?
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A wheel is a lever arm that is fixed to a shaft, which is called an axle.
The wheel and axle move together as a simple lever to lift or to move an item by rolling.
Wheel & Axle
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Examples of Wheel & Axles
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A grooved wheel around which a rope, belt, or chain passes
Used to change the direction or magnitude of a force
Pulleys
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Examples of Pulleys
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Pulley Systems
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Flat surface set at an angle or incline
Most common inclined plane is a ramp
Able to lift objects by pushing or pulling the load
Inclined Plane
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Examples of Inclined Planes
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Functions as a moving inclined plane
Tapers to a thin edge and is used for splitting or for tightening by being driven into something
Wedge
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Almost all cutting tools make use of the wedge.
Examples of Wedges
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An inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder, forming the path and pitch
Pitch is the distance between two threads
Screw
A screw is used as a threaded fastener. It changes rotary motion to linear force.
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Examples of Screws
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What Kind of Simple Machine Is This?
Pulley Wedge Wheel and Axle
Lever Screw Inclined Plane
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Compound Machines
• Compound machines consist of two or more simple machines put together.
• Most devices are compound machines.• They can do more difficult jobs because
their mechanical advantage is greater.
What two simple machines are in scissors?
First Class Lever and Wedge
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Name the Simple Machines Present in Each Compound Machine
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Image Resources
Microsoft, Inc. (2009). Clip Art. Retrieved January 22, 2009, from http://office.microsoft.com/en-us/clipart/default.aspx