silly electronics for fun and absolutely no proft v2 - …...2018/03/02 · wolfem works primal art...

Silly Electronics for Fun and Absolutely no Proft v2.0Nordic Fuzzcon 2018 – 02/03/2018

Floere T. Pillowcase, Devourer of Automobiles ([email protected])

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Disclaimer

TTs presentatTon Ts Tntended for educatTonal purposes only and does not replace Tndependent professTonal judgement.

Te presenter, nor the conventTon, nor RoboCow IndustrTes assume any responsTbTlTty for the content, accuracy or completeness of the TnformatTon presented.

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What is this Talk About ?

● A basTc TntroductTon on how to buTld a couple fun and useful devTces for your fursuTt, for cheap-Tsh.

● It focuses on the WHAT and WHY, rather than on the HOW. Want to be hands-on? Come to Flüüff 2018!

● Want to talk advanced shop? – Come joTn the room party! (R1609, 16:30) – It’s about my R&D Tn lTve voTce and expressTon-mTmTckTng

anTmatronTcs. – And whatever else comes-up…

● Want to get these slTdes?– htps://www.robocow.be/events/

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Content

● CoolBuTld your own sTlent fan

● LTghtsStatTc and blTnkTng LEDs

● No FTreHow to stay alTve to tell the story

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Content




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Costume Fans

Wendell Wolf

Relic B. Furry

TaniDaReal

Markus G. Nowak

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Anatomy of a DC fan

http://www.ebmpapst.com/

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Choosing a Quiet Fan

● Don’t buy somethTng because Tt’s cheap, or expensTve.

● Larger & thTcker = slower & more quTet (for the same fow rate).

● Manufacturers have data sheets. Go and look Tt up!– When Tt Ts not specTfed, expect the

worst.● Compare apples to apples…

– Eg: 5 CFM ≠ 10 CFM.– <20 dB (@ 1 m) Ts nTce!

● Power consumptTon maters!● OperatTng voltage convenTence:

– 5V Ts handy: USB or 3/4 x AA/AAASounds become twice as loud for every 20 dB increase.

Threshold of pain

747 on take off

Jackhammer

Rock band

Heavytruck

Mediumtruck

Passengercar

Normalconversation

at 1 to 2m

Quiet living room

whisper

Threshold of hearing

Quietrural

setting

Suburbanresidential

neighbourhood

0

10

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50

60

70

80

90

100

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How Much Flow?

● Flow Ts what maters for comfort.● Hard to stTck a number on:

– Depends on your costume.– StatTc pressure lTmTts actually

achTeved fow rate.– In free-aTr = ~0 statTc pressure.

● Just try-out (borrow) a fan wTth known specTfcatTons and make an educated guess from there.

● Help and guTde the fow:– Vent ports (eg: ears, mouth, nose)

and ducts.– Mesh vs solTd structures.

● MultTple fans are an optTon.

Sunon MF40200V3-1000U-A99Rated at 6.3 CFM

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Example: Sunon(wealth)

€6,07

€4,60

€4,39

€5,05

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Estimating Battery Run-Time

● QTck and VERY rough estTmate● Examples (usTng a 5V 50 mA fan):

– Fan load: 50 mA * 5 V = 250 mW

– Batery: 800 mAh cells * 4 cells * 1.2 V (NTMH) = 3840 mWh● 3840 mWh / 250 mW = ~15 hours

– Batery: 2200 mAh USB * 1 cell * 3.7 V (LTPo) = 8140 mWh● 8140 mWh / 250 mW = ~32 hours

● Note: USB power banks tend to gTve the mAh ratTng of the LTPo cell TnsTde, whTch Ts 3.7 V (for 1C devTces) and not 5 V.

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Building a Fan Pack● Choose a 5 V fan(s).● Choose a power source.

– AA/AAA/AAAA batery box.● 3 x alcalTne (open cell ~1.65 Vmax)● 4 x NTMH rechargable (open cell ~1.45 Vmax)● Use a fuse as close as possTble to the batery pack!

– 5 V USB power bank.● Smallest sTze for useful autonomy and no more!● Use a LTPo bag!

● Choose a swTtch.– In-lTne lamp cord swTtches are easy to use and tTdy.

● Use wTre-end ferrules Tn screw connectTons, not solder!– UsTng USB? Tere exTst USB cables wTth swTtch ready-made.– UsTng a batery box? Tese exTst wTth buTlt-Tn swTtches.

● FTgure-out where to put everythTng and measure wTre lengths.● WTre red to red and black to black. Isolate everythTng wTth heat shrTnk tube.

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Lineman’s Splice● Solder and use heat shrTnk.● SplTce wTll be stronger than wTres.● BUT, there Ts a relTabTlTty Tssue:

– TTn wTres aren’t strong!● Pull forces wTll break the wTre.

– Stranded wTre wTcks solder!● JoTnts faTl to bendTng forces.

● SolutTon: use a straTn relTef.– Take the force a lTtle before/afer

the splTce!– Can be as sTmple as:

● Secure Tt wTth a cable tTe.● Sew the wTre to the fabrTc.● Hot glue.

– Te heat shrTnk also helps!NASA-STD 8739.4A

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Where to Get Parts and Tools?

● Local electronTcs store● HobbyTst webshops

– AdafruTt IndustrTes– Sparkfun– Polulu– HobbykTng– etc…

● General e-commerce– AlTExpress– Amazon– eBay– etc…

● ProfessTonal maTl-order companTes (For specTfc parts, eg: the fan)– DTgTkey– Mouser– Farnell/Element14– RS– Arrow– Conrad– etc…

● BrTbe your local, frTendly electronTcs hobbyTst.

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Content




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Lights!

Kaiborg Studios - Ascii

Viola Mutt – Dragonfox

Wolfem Works

Primal Art Fursuits - LevantiFox

TheKareliaFursuits - Gweincalar

UnknownUnknown

SarahDee

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Anatomy of a LED

OlympusWikimedia Commons - Inductiveload

Wikimedia Commons – Thomas Wydra

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Choosing a LED

● Colour– GTven by energy levels Tn the semTconductor.– Other colours use phosphorous converters or RGB mTxTng.

● IllumTnatTon Angle– Most Tn conventTonal packages are narrow. (15°- 60° typTcal)– Surface-mount types can be very wTde. (120° and 160° are common)

● BrTghtness / EfcTency– Amount of lTght for a gTven current (say, 20 mA) varTes wTdely.– More efcTent = fewer devTces needed and longer batery lTfe.– BrTghter = vTsTble under more lTghtTng condTtTons (eg: durTng the day)

● ConsTder addTng a dTmmTng cTrcuTt for use at nTght! (eg: varTable resTstor)● Form factor

– 3 mm and 5 mm radTal leaded types are most common.– Surface-mount types Tn larger package are stTll quTte manageable.

Furrista

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Driving a Small LED● LEDs need a constant-current source.

– Current relates to brTghtness.– Too much current = boom!– Voltage to current? Just a resTstor.

● To calculate the resTstor you need:– Batery voltage (VBAT)

– LED forward voltage drop (VLED)

– LED current (ILED)● EquatTon: R = (VBAT - VLED) / ILED

– (5 V – 1.7 V) / 20e-3 A = 165 Ω– Nearest larger E12 value: 180 Ω – Keep the unTts consTstent!

● If you can’t fnd the data sheet: – VLED depends ~only on the colour.– Normal max. drTve current Ts ~20 mA

● HTgh-efcTency types wTll requTre less, hTgh-power types more.

– Too brTght? Use a lower current.

http://www.electronics-tutorials.ws/diode/diode_8.html

Lumex

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Lumex LED Chart

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Driving Many LEDs the Simple Way: Digital LED Strips or LED Pixels ● Full dTgTtal, sofware control over each

“pTxel” (RGB LED) colour and brTghtness.● No need to buTld a control cTrcuTt or wTre

all the LEDs yourself.● To make Tt work:

– Connect a 5 V supply. (Check thTs!)● Careful that Tt has enough power!

– Connect your favourTte mTcrocontroller to the dTgTtal lTnes.

– Download a suTtable support lTbrary.(Buy a strTp that has one!)

– ModTfy and program an example.● Arranged Tn a matrTx, these could dTsplay

sTmple anTmatTons. (E.g.: wTnkTng smTley face.)

https://www.adafruit.com/

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Control: Arduino and the Likes

● For dynamTc efects you need a programmable controller.

● Tere are many easy-to-use optTons today.– ArduTno / Teensy– Raspberry PT

● Just go out, buy a good starter kTt, and go!

● Caveat emptor: 5V vs 3.3V logTc levels! (StTck wTth 5V when startTng-out.)

https://www.arduino.cc/

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Some Optical Tricks

● For more even LED lTghtTng– Run multTple LED strTps Tn

parallel, wTth a half LED pTtch ofset, for larger areas.

– Use an optTcal dTfuser● PrTvacy wTndow flm.● TTn, translucent foam.● Frosted plexTglass.● Real dTfuser flm.

● Complex shapes wTth a decal– PrTnt on overhead projector

transparency flm. Or cut out a shape from some opaque materTal.

– A dTfuse lTght source wTll make a bTg dTference.

– Idea: glowTng tatoo under fur!

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Some Optical Tricks

● For tTny poTnts of lTght– 1 mm plastTc optTcal fbre (POF) Ts

TnexpensTve. – JoTn several strands to a brTght LED,

or use a real lTght engTne drTver module.

– Feed the other ends to where you want lTghts.

– Jacketed and non-jacketed POF exTsts.– Idea: glowTng whTsker tTps!

● For glowTng lTnes– STde-emTtTng fbre Ts TnexpensTve.

(about €1/m on AlTExpress)– Small lTght engTne (3 W) Ts also cheap.

(€5 on AlTExpress)– Much easTer to use and far more robust

than EL (electro-lumTnescent) wTre. Also: no hTgh-voltage.

– Idea: glowTng lTne art on your suTt!

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Content




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The Costume Environment...

● Is a harsh mTstress Tndeed!– Constant motTon.– Regular hTgh-velocTty Tmpacts.– Lots of wTre fexTng.– HTgh humTdTty.

● Here are some tTps to Tmprove safety!

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Costuming Safety

● Te rTsks (non-exhaustTve) dTscussed Tn thTs sectTon: – ElectrocutTon– FTre– MechanTcal

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Costuming Safety


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Electrocution

● Tere Ts a rTsk of a lethal voltage appearTng on the costume electronTcs due to a faulty external devTce.

● As you are wearTng the system, you cannot dTsengage!● STmple mTtTgatTon: Batteries Only!

– No maTns-powered energy source Ts allowed whTle wearTng the costume. Tus, no adapters, chargers, lab power supplTes, etc…

– NothTng may be connected to anythTng that Ts not exclusTvely batery powered Ttself and Tsolated from outsTde systems.

– No electrTcal connectTons to outsTde systems (such as phone lTnes, network cables, audTo/vTdeo systems, etc…) are allowed.

– If you need to send audTo to the DJ/PA system, use a wTreless approach (e.g. Bluetooth), or just hold a mTcrophone.

● AvoTd CCFL/EL lTght sources, as theTr Tnverters run at hTgh voltages.

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Costuming Safety


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Fire

● ElectrTcal fre● Batery fre● MaterTals fammabTlTty● EscapabTlTty● FTre fghtTng

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Fire


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Electrical Fire

● Over-heatTng due to shorts, overloads, poor coolTng, component faTlures, etc…– Components can overheat and burn, even at low currents.– WTres can overheat and cause theTr TnsulatTon to catch fre.– SparkTng Ts also possTble.

● Tese heat sources can TgnTte combustTble materTals (eg: wTre TnsulatTon, costume materTals, your haTr, etc…)● Fuses are your frst lTne of defence, but not sufcTent!

– Batery fuses go rTght at the batery, to protect the wTrTng from catchTng fre.● Keep devTces away from combustTble materTals.

– Use connectors wTth shells.– Enclose your electronTcs Tn project boxes.– Use structural supports to keep costume materTals away from electrTcal parts.– Install non-combustTble and thermally-TsolatTng layers Tf necessary.

● Work cleanly!– Use heat shrTnk to Tsolate thTngs.– Make proper wTre joTnts. (Soldered “lTneman splTce”, double layer heat shrTnk.)– Use materTals rated for the Tntended use. (Observe current ratTngs, voltage ratTngs, etc…)

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Sizing a Fuse● Complex topTc!

– Don’t randomly pTck a fuse.– Read manufacturer’s guTdes! (Eg: LTtlefuse’s

“Fuseology” Ts a brTef TntroductTon.)● Key poTnt: fuses are slow for low fault currents

and may not even blow.– Te tTme-current curve shows thTs.– But don’t go to close to the edge eTther. Te

fuse wTll wear too fast.● Your power source needs to be able provTde

the current to blow the fuse!● As a basTc and rough guTdelTne:

– For loads that don’t have a large Tnrush current (LEDs, most DC fans), sTze the fuse about 2 x your maxTmum load current, and pTck a slow or fast type.

– Make sure that your source can stTll blow the fuse Tn a reasonable tTme. ● Most USB power banks can source 1 A.● A pack of NTMH can source many amps.

Littlefuse

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Fire


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Battery Fire

● ConsTder all baterTes as dangerous.– HTgh short-cTrcuTt currents cause fre, batery over-heatTng.– Hot chemTcals can vent out, or result Tn a chemTcal fre.– H2 Ts a common by-product of overheatTng cells…

● Batery fuses are your frst lTne of defence! Always use them!● WTth NTMH, negatTve electrode materTals can be pyrophorTc.

– MechanTcally protect the cells and never open them!● WTth LTPo, the chemTstry can experTence thermal runaway when even slTghtly abused.

– Only use protected cells, and shTeld them from mechanTcal harm. – If LTPo has to be used, good qualTty USB power banks are Much preferred.

● ALWAYS keep any type of LTPo cell Tn a LTPo explosTon and fre-proof bag! ● Keep the bag EXTERNAL to your costume!● Make sure you can easTly detach the bag (pull-free connector on the wTre)!● Use frewall structures (e.g. Nomex layers, metal, etc…)

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Battery Fire

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Abusing a LiPo Pack

● VTdeos Used (Source: YouTube)

– “LTpo Safe ChargTng and Storage Bag”htps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hcwOwf55Rtc

– “Standard LTPo Guard vs. YUKI Model LTPo Guard B1 (Test #002)”htps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qQldY7fKn5o

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Fire


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Materials Flammability

● Most costume materTals are polymers or polymer blends.– Nylon, polyester, polycoton, polyurethane or latex foam, resTns, glues, ...– Many have large surface areas (TmTtatTon fur, feece).

● All these materTals TgnTte easTly and burn exceptTonally well. – Some emTt toxTc fumes.– Many also melt. → TTs Ts very bad news for burn wounds!

● Flame retardants are of vTtal Tmportance!– Tey make the fre self-extTnguTsh and keep Tt from spreadTng.

● How do you know Tf your costume Ts properly treated?– One practTcal way: test each materTal wTth a gas (butane/propane) torch. (OutsTde,

and have means to extTnguTsh a fre at hand.) – Te fre should stop when the fame Ts removed. (Self-extTnguTshTng behavTour.)– Best to test samples of all the materTals used.

● But, no guarantee that there won’t be materTal and structure TnteractTons!

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Dr. Faux Lights Faux Fur on Fire

● VTdeo Used (Source: YouTube)

– “SetTngs FTre To Faux (Fur) - Dr. Faux Tests Fur vs FTre”htps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UvTpL_6m9-0

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Polyurethane and Synthetic Latex Foam – On Fire● VTdeos Used (Source: YouTube)

– “Flame Retardant Reduces FlammabTlTty of Upholstered FurnTture”htps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mgdWQYl5ZVc

– “SynthetTc Latex and Natural Latex Blends are HTghly Flammable”htps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SWuxLIuPZ0U

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● InTtTal materTal conclusTons (from the vTdeos):– Good qualTty fur appears properly fame retardant.– Cheap fur defnTtely Ts not!– Foams are a problem. You must defnTtely test the foam Tn your

costume!● Don’t wear normal underclothes!

– Tey burn and melt Tnto your skTn.– Buy Nomex (and sTmTlar materTals)!– Go shop at motor sports places, they

have thTs stuf for drTver fre safety.● In the vTdeos, fres seem to buTld slowly wTth good-qualTty materTals.

Tere Ts some tTme to extTnguTsh or escape.

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Fire


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Escapability

● Oh dear! You’re on fre and can’t put Tt out. Tere are toxTc fumes buTldTng-up TnsTde the costume. Now what?

● DesTgn the costume so Tt can be escaped! – Access to fresh aTr! (removable head pTece?)– QTck egress from the costume!

● No fddly thTngs. You have to get out Tn seconds, even when panTckTng.● Your underclothes may not catch fre or melt as you do thTs!● ConsTder Velcro escape seams, an escape knTfe that your handler carrTes,

rTpable seams, etc…● Can you quTckly dTspose of large costume features durTng an evacuatTon?

(E.g.: wTngs.)● Have a plan and test Tt!

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Fire


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Fire Fighting

● Te good news: most of the fre hazards mentToned are easTly extTnguTshed.– Small, rechargable LTPo batery fres can be extTnguTshed wTth water.– Most of the other materTals are also readTly extTnguTsh wTth water.

● When on fre:– STOP – DROP – ROLL– Do not run! You may have to brTng a person to the ground Tf they are panTckTng and runnTng

(leg sweep).– Have the usual fre fghtTng devTces on hand:

● Water● FTre blankets (your handler can carry these!)

● FTre extTnguTshers are a mTxed bag. You are aTmTng at a person…● Water-based Ts best!● CO2, Tn a pTnch, but not on the skTn or face due to coolTng! SufocatTon hazard!● Powder: Do not use! Very TrrTtatTng to mucous membranes (lungs!)

● Do not take clothes that have already burned of under any cTrcumstances. Cover burned areas wTth sterTle coton.

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Costuming Safety


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Mechanical

● Actuated mechanTsms can get body parts trapped Tn them. Yours, and your audTence! MTnd tTny, curTous fngers!– Forces can be hTgh, edges sharp…

● Beware of long haTr, scarves, etc… getTng caught on spTnnTng axles / fans.

● Make sure that each danger area Ts approprTately shTelded.● Sharp structures: both to your audTence and yourself: what Tf you

fall-down Tn your suTt. Is there anythTng that can Tmpale anyone? (E.g.: screws, horns, claws, spTkes, etc…)

● Are there thTngs that can get you entangled or strangled? (E.g.: wTres, ropes, etc…)

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Costuming Safety in One Line:

Think it Throughand

Have Fun!Yes, that is Comic Sans. Got your attention, didn’t it?

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The End!

● Many cool costume Tdeas are lef unexplored. TTs Ts the wTld frontTer!

● Want to edge closer to that wTld frontTer and see some actual R&D?– JoTn the room party startTng as soon

as I get there! (Room 1609)

silly electronics for fun and absolutely no proft v2 - …...2018/03/02 · wolfem works primal art...

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