(PSYCHOANALYTIC THEORY)

SIGMUND FREUD

NAME: Sigmund FreudOCCUPATION: Scholar, PsychiatristBIRTH DATE: May 06, 1856DEATH DATE: September 23, 1939EDUCATION: University of ViennaPLACE OF BIRTH: Freiberg, Moravia, Austrian Empire (Czech Republic)PLACE OF DEATH: London, EnglandORIGINALLY: Sigismund Schlomo Freud

THEORY OF PERSONALITY STRUCTURE

THEORY OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPMENT

THEORY OF PERSONALITY DYNAMICS

THEORY OF PERSONALITY STRUCTUREThere are 3 basic aspects of

personalityA. ID (Inner Desire)

- subconscious level

- urges, instinct Baby like self Immediate gratification of desires Pleasure seeking (libido) Aggression Sexual impulses

Repository of the unconcious wishes primarily LIBIDINAL

All the animal like impulses the individual experiences

THE URGE TO KILL IS AN IMPLUSE OF THE ID

B. EGO – concious self (overseer) Deals with reality Negotiate the demand of the ID May operate with the ID in the unconcious

level and the reality at the preconcious and concious level

MATURE AND ADAPTIVE BEHAVIOR

c. SUPER EGO – conscience Good in us Small voice from within that dictates what

should be done properly Moral Center We internalize the moral code of our society Maintains the standard of personality THE SUPEREGO MUST INHIBIT THE ID

IMPULSES AND PERSUADE THE EGO TO SUBSTITUTE MORALISTIC GOALS FOR REALISTIC GOALS

THE THREE COMPONENTS ARE PRESUMED TO WORK IN UNISON UNDER THE ORGANIZATION OF THE EGO.

Interpersonal conflict – involves the interaction of the ID, EGO and SUPER EGO

THEORY OF PERSONALITY DEVELOPEMENT Has five (5) psychosexual stages1. ORAL (first 2 years of life) Infant finds gratification through

stimulation of the lips and the mouth region as in sucking and nursing.

The oral (mouth) cavity is the zone of primary pleasure for the infant

RECEPTIVE – involves taking food for the body use or pleasure

AGGRESSIVE – biting to represent displeasure

2. ANAL (12 – 30 months)

The child receives primary pleasure from anal activities

Toilet training is related to this period During the second year of life, the child is

encouraged to “control” elimination of waste.

REFLEXIVE – pleasurable stimulation from retaining feces

RETENTIVE – tension related to expelling waste

3. PHALLIC – (3rd – 6th year of life) Child develops instinctual attraction for

the opposite sex parent This results in fear of the same sex

parents. The attraction and fear becomes/brings severe conflict.

OEDIPUS COMPLEX – son mother relationship

ELECTRA COMPLEX – daughter father relationship

4. LATENCY -period of repressed sexual activity between 6 y/o and puberty (11 y/o)

Increased activity with the same sex peers which corresponds with a decrease in heterosexual activity – activities like studying and sports dominate.

Period of repression of sexual desires

5. GENITAL (stage of normal adulthood) The child’s basic interest and sources of

EROTIC SATISFACTION become CENTERED in heterosexual behavior.

This stage is characterized by ATTRACTION to the opposite sex.

FIXATION – occurs when there is arrested development or inability to pass to the next stage.

e.g. oral fixation – thumb sucking, nail biting, greediness

anal fixation – excessive conformity and self control and compulsiveness

The PHALLIC CHARACTER is reckless in behaviour and defines his sexual prowess without feelings of love.

THEORY OF PERSONALITY DYNAMICS Aims of the motivational and emotional components of personality. According to Sigmund Freud, man inherits the LIFE instinct and the DEATH instinct (LIBIDO and MORTIDO)

CONSCIOUS – perception, thought and emotions that exist in the person’s awareness

- social responsibility

PRECONSCIOUS – not currently in the person’s awareness, but can be called with some effort

- just beneath the surface

UNCONSCIOUS – realm of thoughts and feelings that motivate a person even though he/she is totally unaware of them.